EP4067670A1 - Élément guide d'écoulement pour réseaux d'eau tempérée - Google Patents

Élément guide d'écoulement pour réseaux d'eau tempérée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4067670A1
EP4067670A1 EP22160192.5A EP22160192A EP4067670A1 EP 4067670 A1 EP4067670 A1 EP 4067670A1 EP 22160192 A EP22160192 A EP 22160192A EP 4067670 A1 EP4067670 A1 EP 4067670A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow guide
flow
guide element
supply line
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP22160192.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Pröll
Florian Dönges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamic Blue Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Dynamic Blue Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamic Blue Holding GmbH filed Critical Dynamic Blue Holding GmbH
Publication of EP4067670A1 publication Critical patent/EP4067670A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/0015—Whirl chambers, e.g. vortex valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/0005—Baffle plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • F15D1/025—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits by means of orifice or throttle elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a supply line of a cold heating network in which a fluid flow is conducted.
  • Cold heat networks also known as anergy networks, are increasingly being used to supply residential areas, commercial areas and public buildings with energy or heat.
  • this type of heating and cooling supply represents an extremely efficient and environmentally friendly contribution to the economical and ecological supply of buildings.
  • Cold heating networks are known as local heating and district heating networks. As a technical variant of a heat supply network that works with low transmission temperatures close to the ambient temperature, these can provide heat and cold. With normal transmission temperatures in the range of approx. -10-35 °C, such systems work with temperatures well below conventional district or local heating systems, which means that different consumers can heat and cool independently of one another. The cold produced can be fed back into the heating network as waste heat.
  • Hot water generation and building heating are usually not carried out directly via heat exchangers, but mostly via brine/water heat pumps, which obtain their thermal energy from the heating network.
  • the cooling can be done either directly via the cold heating network or, if necessary, indirectly via the heat pumps.
  • the collective term in scientific terminology for such systems is also "5th generation district heating and cooling".
  • Various heat sources can be considered as energy suppliers for the cold heating network, in particular renewable sources such as water, solar thermal energy, geothermal energy and ambient air as well as commercial and industrial waste heat, which can be used individually or in combination. Because of the modular With further expansion of the network, further heat sources can be tapped so that larger cold heat networks can ultimately be fed from different sources.
  • Cold heat networks allow a variety of network configurations, which can be roughly divided into open and closed systems.
  • open systems water is fed into the cold heating network, routed through the supply lines, where it then supplies the respective consumers, and finally released back into the environment.
  • closed systems a transfer liquid, usually brine, circulates in a circuit.
  • the systems can also be differentiated according to the number of pipes used. Depending on the respective circumstances, configurations with one to four pipes are possible:
  • One-pipe systems are usually used in open systems that use, for example, surface or groundwater as a heat source and release it back into the environment after it has flowed through the heating network.
  • supply lines are operated at different temperatures.
  • heating mode the warmer of the two serves as a heat source for the consumers' heat pumps, while the colder one absorbs the transfer medium that has been cooled by the heat pump.
  • cooling mode the colder line serves as the source, the heat generated by the heat pump is fed into the warmer line.
  • the energy is fed back into the warmer or colder supply line after use.
  • the third line can also be used as a cooling line for direct cooling via a heat exchanger.
  • the lines differ in their temperature level. Depending on the temperature level, the feed/extraction lines are used for heating and cooling purposes.
  • supply line means all pipelines that are necessary for using the energy.
  • these are, for example, a main supply line, if necessary, stub lines, for example to supply streets or sub-sectors, and consumer connection lines.
  • closed systems have one or more main supply lines designed as a ring, from which branch lines or consumer connection lines branch off.
  • Main supply lines designed as a ring are also referred to as ring lines.
  • cold heating networks are efficient and their importance in the field of energy supply is constantly increasing. However, it has been shown that the energy efficiency of the entire system can still be increased.
  • the object of the present invention consists in creating possibilities for increasing the energetic efficiency of a cold heating network.
  • the increase in energy efficiency should be achieved with the lowest possible additional costs, and the economic efficiency of the cold heating network should be increased as much as possible.
  • the object is achieved by a supply line and a cold heating network with a flow guide element according to the invention.
  • An essential aspect of the invention consists in using the supply line itself not only to forward the fluid, but also to use it energetically.
  • the energy or heat absorption by the supply line itself, in particular by the ring line, can contribute significantly to the energy consumption of the system. It has been shown that, depending on the configuration of the overall system, up to approx. 20% additional energy can be gained via the supply line or loop.
  • a heat flow or heat output, or heat for short, is taken from the ground as a heat reservoir via the supply line or heat is released if the ground is used for cooling. The prerequisite for this is that the heat exchange with the surrounding soil is optimized. This is solved by the flow guide element according to the invention.
  • Anergy sources such as geothermal heat, can be significantly relieved, particularly at peak load times, if the supply line contributes to the heating/cooling supply through heat exchange with the ground or the ambient air. This results in significant economic relief when dimensioning the source.
  • the flow guide element has at least one guide surface, via which the fluid flow, which is otherwise essentially laminar and hardly mixes, is deflected at least in sections from its natural flow direction.
  • the fluid flow is directed, for example, from the center of the pipe outwards in the direction of the inner wall of the pipe, which adjoins the warmer or colder ground, in relation to a cross section of the pipeline. This significantly improves the heat transfer between the fluid flow and the ground. In the later course of the flow, the warmer and colder flow paths in the pipeline mix again so that temperature differences can even out.
  • the flow-guidance element can, for example, be round, oval or preferably egg-shaped.
  • the flow guide element can have any desired cross section, for example circular, oval, but also polygonal, triangular, etc. It is essential that the cross section increases in the direction of flow, i.e. the flow guide element is designed at least partially conical in the direction of flow.
  • the guiding surface is formed by the entire outer surface of the flow guiding element.
  • a single central flow guide element can be arranged in the region of the center of the pipe, but several smaller flow guide elements are also conceivable, which are arranged either next to one another or one behind the other in the direction of flow or offset from one another.
  • a single flow guide element is also conceivable, which is not arranged in the middle of the pipe but decentralized, that is to say offset laterally with respect to a central axis of the pipeline.
  • flow guide elements arranged in the area of the center of the pipe can also be inhomogeneous as guide surfaces have acting outer surfaces.
  • the flow guide elements can have troughs or elevations in their outer surface, which influence the deflection of the flow paths.
  • a helical structure extends along the outer surface of the flow guide element in the direction of flow, which causes the fluid flow to rotate.
  • the flow guide elements are arranged close to the inner wall of the pipe.
  • the flow guide elements according to the invention have at least one turbulence body as the guide surface, which protrudes into the fluid flow.
  • the shape of the turbulence bodies can be very different, for example they can be ring-shaped.
  • the guide surface is formed by a type of wing body, the free end of which protrudes from the flow guide element, either essentially in the direction of the inner wall of the pipe or in the direction of the pipe interior.
  • the turbulence bodies can preferably be aligned at an angle to a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. The inclined position also causes a rotational flow component.
  • the flow guide element can set the fluid flow into a turbulent flow at least in some areas, which also significantly improves the heat exchange with the inner wall of the pipeline and thus with the surrounding soil.
  • the flow guide elements as turbulence bodies or guide surfaces, can also have at least two partial annular disks with an outer edge, an inner edge and two free ends each, which delimit a partial annular surface.
  • the inner edge abuts or connects to the inner wall of the service pipe.
  • One of the free ends of a partial annular disk is arranged at a distance from one of the free ends of an adjacent partial annular disk.
  • adjacent partial ring disks are oriented at different angles to the orthogonal plane of the longitudinal axis.
  • Substantially spaced apart means that an opening is formed between one of the free ends of two adjacent partial ring disks, through which a flow path of the fluid leads along the longitudinal axis of the supply line.
  • the partial ring surfaces can be designed as half ring surfaces in such a way that the free ends of a partial ring disk enclose an angle of 180° with one another.
  • the angle enclosed by the free ends of a partial ring disk is less than 180°, the proportion of the flow path that runs directly along the inner wall increases.
  • the slanting partial ring disks cause a further flow path with a rotational component over the partial ring surfaces and along the inner wall of the supply line.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows clockwise or counterclockwise, depending on the arrangement of the partial ring disks.
  • the partial ring disks of the various mixing bodies are preferably each arranged in such a way that the direction of the rotational component of the flow of adjacent mixing bodies differs.
  • Whether a flow is laminar depends on the geometry of the flow path, the viscosity of the heat transfer fluid, and the flow velocity. This results in the so-called Reynolds number, which is a measure of the degree to which turbulence occurs in a flow. In general, the higher the flow velocity, the sooner the critical Reynolds number exceeded.
  • a low flow rate ensures an (approximately) laminar flow.
  • the heat transfer fluid has more time to absorb the heat on the inner surface of the inflow pipe.
  • a laminar flow is disadvantageous because within an (approximately) laminar flow, layers of unequal temperature are formed and thus the heat transport of the fluid in its entirety to the pipe wall is only incomplete.
  • the flow guide elements of a supply line are an integral part of the pipelines.
  • a pipeline has on its inner wall one or more flow guide elements attached to it or molded onto it.
  • the flow guide elements can thus be glued or welded to the inner wall, for example; alternatively, the pipeline and the respective flow guide elements can also be made in one piece, for example produced together using an injection molding process.
  • these can be connected to the inner wall of the pipe via holding arms, for example.
  • the holding arms then extend essentially transversely to the direction of flow and for this reason should also be designed to be flow-optimized, for example conical.
  • a single holding arm for each flow guide element can also be sufficient.
  • the flow guide elements are integrated in connectors with which individual pipelines of the supply line are connected at the ends.
  • connectors for example sockets (weld sockets), flange connections, etc. are known from the prior art. They are ring-shaped so that one end of an adjacent pipeline can be inserted from each side and are firmly and fluid-tightly connected to the pipelines. Welding sockets are welded to the pipe ends for this purpose, preferably on site.
  • a connector according to the invention now has at least one flow guide element connected to its inner wall. Commercially available pipelines can thus be used, and the flow guide elements according to the invention are integrated into the supply line or the cold heating network via the connectors.
  • the flow guide elements are designed as elements that can be inserted into the supply line. Such flow-guiding elements can be subsequently introduced, preferably on site, into already manufactured pipelines or connectors and fastened in them.
  • the attachment can be done in such a way that the flow guide after attachment in the pipeline permanently and permanently in this stay attached. Gluing or welding the flow guide elements in the supply line on site is particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • a detachable attachment can be provided. This enables the flow guide element to be released later and the position to be adjusted if necessary.
  • a frictional connection for example, is a possibility for attachment; the flow guide element can preferably be braced in a supply line or also in a connector. Spreading elements are available for this purpose, which cause the flow guide element to be braced by spreading the spreader elements in the supply line.
  • the last-mentioned variant allows the flow guide elements to be variably arranged in the supply line in order to be able to adjust their distances from one another to the respective conditions and tasks of the cold heating network.
  • figure 1 shows a simplified representation of a cold heating network 20.
  • a two-pipe system with supply lines 22 is shown can also have other pipelines (not shown), for example branches, connecting lines, branch lines or the like.
  • a solar thermal system 28 and a near-surface surface collector 30 are shown symbolically as energy sources. Furthermore, the surface collector 30 has a connecting line 32 to the cooling ring 24 .
  • a multi-family house 34, single-family houses 36 and an industrial building 38 are shown symbolically as consumers or users of the cold heating network 20 by way of example. Furthermore, a cold accumulator 40 and a heat accumulator 42 are shown, which serve to buffer the system as required. The buyers or users are also connected via connecting lines 32 to the ring lines 24,26. In the Figures 2 to 7 three preferred variants for the arrangement are shown.
  • FIG 2 shows a first variant in which a flow guide element 44 according to the invention is arranged centrally in the interior in the area of a central axis XX.
  • the flow guide element 44 is arranged on an inner wall 48 of a supply line 22 via holding arms 43 .
  • the connection of the flow guide element 44 to the supply line 22 is already carried out at the factory, so that the supply lines 22 equipped with flow guide elements 44 only have to be connected to one another on site.
  • the attachment of the flow guide elements 44 and the retaining arms 43 to the inner wall 48 can be done for example by welding or gluing, but in particular the supply lines 22 and the flow guide elements 44 arranged therein can also be formed in one piece.
  • an outer surface of the flow guide element 44 forms a guide surface 21.
  • the flow guide element 44 can, for example, be round, oval or preferably also egg-shaped
  • FIG 3 shows a second embodiment variant in which a flow guide element 44 according to the invention is arranged on an inner wall 48 of a supply line 22 .
  • the arrangement of the flow guide element 44 in the supply line 22 is already factory, so that with the Flow control elements 44 equipped supply lines 22 only have to be connected to each other on site.
  • the attachment of the flow guide elements 44 to the inner wall 48 can take place, for example, by welding or gluing, but in particular the connecting lines 22 and the flow guide elements 44 arranged therein can also be formed in one piece.
  • FIG 4 shows a variant in which at least one flow guide element 44 is arranged in a connector 50.
  • Connectors 50 serve to connect two supply lines 22 to one another.
  • the supply lines 22 are each pushed with a free end 52 into the ring-shaped connector 50 from opposite sides and are preferably welded or glued to it.
  • the flow guide elements 44 arranged in the connectors 50 can be connected to the connectors 50 in the same way as is the case with the first variant of the arrangement of the flow guide elements 44 on the inner wall 48 of a supply line 22 .
  • the connectors 50 together with the flow guide elements 44 can also be pre-manufactured at the factory, so that they only have to be connected to the supply lines 22 on site.
  • the flow guide elements 44 are designed as independent components that can be subsequently inserted into an already completed supply line 22 or connector 50 .
  • the flow guide elements 44 have devices via which they can be frictionally fixed to the inner wall 48 of a supply line 22 .
  • a spreading device 54 is shown, via which the flow guide elements 44 can be clamped at the desired position in the supply line 22 by spreading them open.
  • the flow guide elements 44 are not only braced in the supply line 22, but are also additionally glued or welded.
  • FIG 6 shows turbulence bodies 46, which are designed as partial ring disks 56 and form guide surfaces 21.
  • the swirlers 46 are with their Outer edges 58 are arranged on the inner wall 48 of the supply line 22, their inner edges 60 point into the interior of the supply line 22.
  • At least two partial ring disks 56 are arranged adjacent to one another along a longitudinal axis XX of the supply line 22 and have angular values with different signs with respect to an orthogonal plane 64 .
  • Such an arrangement resembles a helix when the angular values are approximately equal in magnitude and the partial ring disks 56 are arranged substantially diametrically opposite one another but offset from one another along the longitudinal axis.
  • This geometry promotes the rotary flow.
  • the essential resulting flow paths are indicated by corresponding arrows.
  • the partial ring disks can have one or more recesses 62 through which a further partial flow of the fluid is generated. This splits off from the oblique-rotatory flow and flows through the recesses, i.e. approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the shape of the recesses can essentially be freely selected. However, round, elliptical, kidney-shaped or ring-sectoral recesses are suitable.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but also includes other variants of flow guide elements 44, which are arranged in supply lines 22 according to the invention.
  • the various described variants of the flow guide elements 44 arranged on the inner wall 48 and the flow guide elements arranged in the area of the central axis X-X can be exchanged with one another or combined with one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP22160192.5A 2021-03-31 2022-03-04 Élément guide d'écoulement pour réseaux d'eau tempérée Withdrawn EP4067670A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021108225.0A DE102021108225A1 (de) 2021-03-31 2021-03-31 Strömungsleitelement für Kaltwärmenetze

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4067670A1 true EP4067670A1 (fr) 2022-10-05

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EP22160192.5A Withdrawn EP4067670A1 (fr) 2021-03-31 2022-03-04 Élément guide d'écoulement pour réseaux d'eau tempérée

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EP (1) EP4067670A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021108225A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29517497U1 (de) * 1995-11-04 1996-01-11 Elster Produktion Gmbh Strömungsgleichrichter
US7267098B1 (en) * 2006-08-19 2007-09-11 Addy Tasanont Vortex generating air intake device
DE102010001823A1 (de) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Ledwon, Anton, 53842 Erdsondenfluidturbulator
WO2013068614A1 (fr) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-16 Abn Pipe Systems, S.L.U. Sonde pour l'échange de chaleur dans des applications aérotechniques et exothermiques
US20140190272A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2014-07-10 Christopher B. Laird Conditioner, Apparatus and Method
CN104154790A (zh) * 2014-08-15 2014-11-19 同度能源科技（江苏）股份有限公司 螺旋扁管式地埋管
DE102014113750A1 (de) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Dynamic Blue Holding Gmbh Speichersonde mit Vermischungskörpern
EP3004708A1 (fr) * 2013-05-24 2016-04-13 Nigel Richard Farrow Écoulement de matériau amélioré
KR20180004594A (ko) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 신경재 난류발생에 의한 고효율 열교환유닛

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CH306359A (de) 1952-09-12 1955-04-15 Ag Alpura Einrichtung zum Entkeimen von Flüssigkeiten.
FR2457470A1 (fr) 1979-05-25 1980-12-19 Ferodo Sa Echangeur de chaleur tubulaire et agitateurs helicoidaux destines a de tels echangeurs
HU187016B (en) 1983-02-01 1985-10-28 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Device for improving the heat-transfer coefficient of viscous liquids flowing in the tubes of heat exchangers
DE3538492A1 (de) 1984-10-30 1986-05-28 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid Turbulenzeinbau fuer ovalrohre eines waermetauschers und verfahren zur herstellung der turbulenzeinbauten
ES2496943T3 (es) 2003-10-28 2014-09-22 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Canal de circulación para un intercambiador de calor e intercambiador de calor con canales de circulación que comprende dichos canales de circulación
DE202005005640U1 (de) 2005-04-09 2005-06-16 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Wirbulatoreinsatz für in Heizkesselgehäusen angeordnete Heizgaszugrohre

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29517497U1 (de) * 1995-11-04 1996-01-11 Elster Produktion Gmbh Strömungsgleichrichter
US7267098B1 (en) * 2006-08-19 2007-09-11 Addy Tasanont Vortex generating air intake device
DE102010001823A1 (de) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Ledwon, Anton, 53842 Erdsondenfluidturbulator
US20140190272A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2014-07-10 Christopher B. Laird Conditioner, Apparatus and Method
WO2013068614A1 (fr) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-16 Abn Pipe Systems, S.L.U. Sonde pour l'échange de chaleur dans des applications aérotechniques et exothermiques
EP3004708A1 (fr) * 2013-05-24 2016-04-13 Nigel Richard Farrow Écoulement de matériau amélioré
DE102014113750A1 (de) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Dynamic Blue Holding Gmbh Speichersonde mit Vermischungskörpern
CN104154790A (zh) * 2014-08-15 2014-11-19 同度能源科技（江苏）股份有限公司 螺旋扁管式地埋管
KR20180004594A (ko) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 신경재 난류발생에 의한 고효율 열교환유닛

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