EP4065889A1 - Heizwert- und volumentromgesteuerte verbrennung des co in sekundärmetallurischem abgas - Google Patents
Heizwert- und volumentromgesteuerte verbrennung des co in sekundärmetallurischem abgasInfo
- Publication number
- EP4065889A1 EP4065889A1 EP20812007.1A EP20812007A EP4065889A1 EP 4065889 A1 EP4065889 A1 EP 4065889A1 EP 20812007 A EP20812007 A EP 20812007A EP 4065889 A1 EP4065889 A1 EP 4065889A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- combustion
- post
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
- F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/20—Waste supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/40—Supplementary heat supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
- F23G2209/141—Explosive gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
- F23G2900/55003—Sensing for exhaust gas properties, e.g. O2 content
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
- F23G2900/55011—Detecting the properties of waste to be incinerated, e.g. heating value, density
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
- F23K2900/05004—Mixing two or more fluid fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the afterburning of carbon monoxide-containing exhaust gases from metallurgical processes with discontinuously occurring exhaust gas volumes, the composition and / or quantity of which changes during a period within which exhaust gas is produced.
- metallurgical processes can be, for example, secondary metallurgical processes in which a metal melt is degassed or decarburized.
- Flare gases In the case of petrochemical and metallurgical processes, it is generally known to burn exhaust gases with so-called flares. Flare gases often have different qualities. To ensure that the torch burns continuously, the gas must have a minimum content of combustible components. If this is not the case, natural gas may be added as fuel gas. To
- Calorimeters are commonly used to determine the calorific value of the flare gas. These include a measuring cell in which a measuring gas is burned. If the measurement gas is successfully ignited, the amount of energy emitted during combustion or the calorific value of the gas is determined and, if necessary, natural gas is added to the flare gas.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for the post-combustion of exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide from metallurgical processes with discontinuously occurring exhaust gas volumes and exhaust gas compositions, which enables reliable post-combustion of the exhaust gas with less environmental pollution.
- One aspect of the invention relates to a method for the post-combustion of exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide from metallurgical processes with discontinuously occurring exhaust gas volumes, the composition of which changes during a period within which exhaust gas occurs, the method comprising conditioning the exhaust gas prior to post-combustion in such a way that the Exhaust gas upstream of the post-combustion at least one fuel gas and / or a further additional gas is added in a regulated manner, the regulation taking place as a function of the composition of the exhaust gas and / or as a function of the exhaust gas volume flow
- the afterburning of the exhaust gas is preferably carried out with an open flame in the region of the opening of an exhaust gas duct into the atmosphere.
- the exhaust gas can be post-burned in a combustion chamber provided for this purpose.
- both the calorific value of the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas volume flow are regulated so that, on the one hand, combustion is as complete as possible and, on the other hand, it is ensured that the exhaust gas volume flow is set so that a flow rate of the exhaust gas in the relevant Adjusts cross-section which is smaller than a flame propagation speed of the exhaust gas, so that backfire of the exhaust gas in an exhaust gas duct is excluded.
- the exhaust gas composition and the exhaust gas volume flow are mutually dependent, in particular if an inert gas is added as an additional gas. Appropriately, nitrogen is added to the exhaust gas as an additional gas in order to increase the exhaust gas volume flow.
- a calorific value of the exhaust gas is determined indirectly via the carbon monoxide content of the exhaust gas using at least one device for gas analysis. For secondary metallurgical processes, results from a gas analysis that is required anyway can be used for this purpose.
- the regulation takes place as a function of the carbon monoxide content of the exhaust gas, with the regulation objective of the greatest possible conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, so that essentially stoichiometric afterburning is ensured.
- the regulation is carried out in such a way that the calorific value of the exhaust gas does not fall below> 2kWh / Nm 3 (> 200 BTU / scf). It has surprisingly been found that with such a calorific value an afterburning of the carbon monoxide of over 97% is possible.
- the regulation can be carried out so that the exhaust gas volume flow does not fall below a given minimum volume flow.
- the minimum volume flow of the exhaust gas is expediently determined as a function of the flow velocity of the exhaust gas in a given flow cross section so that the flow velocity is less than a flame propagation velocity of the exhaust gas during combustion.
- Typical flame propagation velocities are on the order of about 0.2 to 0.5 m / s.
- the afterburning is preferably carried out by means of at least one supporting gas torch arranged in or on a chimney.
- the addition of fuel gas and / or additional gas or inert gas is expediently carried out via separate feed lines with valves which can be regulated by volume flow and which are controlled, for example, by means of a software controller.
- a controller can be implemented, for example, by means of a programmable logic controller.
- the invention further relates to a method for exhaust gas aftertreatment during a vacuum treatment of liquid steel in a secondary metallurgical process comprising the post-combustion of the exhaust gas from the vacuum treatment of a molten metal by means of at least one torch in or on an exhaust gas duct of a vacuum pump, the process conditioning the exhaust gas before post-combustion comprises, in such a way that at least one fuel gas and / or an additional gas is added in a regulated manner to the exhaust gas upstream of the afterburning, the regulation taking place as a function of the composition of the exhaust gas and as a function of the exhaust gas volume flow.
- the vacuum treatment of liquid steel is usually a batch process in which the exhaust gas aftertreatment according to the invention is particularly useful and expedient.
- the exhaust gas aftertreatment according to the invention preferably takes place in secondary metallurgical processes such as VD, VD-OB, RH, RH-TOP, RH-OB, VacAOD, VODC or VOD processes.
- the afterburning is carried out periodically only during the decarburization phase of the molten metal. If the CO content of the exhaust gas falls below a predetermined minimum value, which is significantly below the value that would justify an increase in the calorific value with fuel gas, there is preferably no afterburning. This is due to the fact that during the degassing of a melt, which in and of itself already represents a discontinuous process, exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide is only produced during a certain period of time. Post-combustion is only useful and necessary during this period.
- the invention further relates to an afterburning device for afterburning exhaust gas during a vacuum treatment of liquid steel in a secondary metallurgical process, comprising at least one flare on an exhaust pipe of an exhaust gas duct of a vacuum pump of a secondary metallurgical plant, means for supplying fuel gas to the flare, means for feeding an inert gas in the exhaust gas duct of the vacuum pump upstream of the flare, means for determining the exhaust gas volume flow and / or for measuring the exhaust gas velocity within the exhaust gas duct, means for analyzing the exhaust gas composition, means for metering the fuel gas and the inert gas as well as means for regulating the metering of the fuel gas and / or of the inert gas as a function of the exhaust gas composition.
- volume flow controllable valves can be provided which are each arranged in feed lines for fuel gas and for natural gas which are connected to the exhaust gas duct.
- At least one control device is provided as the means for metering fuel gas and / or inert gas, the input variables of which are the exhaust gas composition, the exhaust gas volume flow, the amount of fuel gas supplied and the amount of inert gas supplied.
- the regulating device comprises at least one programmable controller. Furthermore, the control device can control an auxiliary burner of the flare in such a way that the flare is only operated when exhaust gas containing CO is produced.
- FIG. 1 a schematic representation of the afterburning device according to the invention on a secondary metallurgical device
- FIG. 2 is a control scheme of the method according to the invention
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the controller, which in the
- Figure 4 is a representation of the exhaust gas composition
- Post-combustion device 1 which comprises a flare 2 with a supporting burner 3, which is connected to the exhaust 4 of an exhaust gas duct 5 of a vacuum pump, not shown, of a metallurgical plant.
- the metallurgical plant can for example comprise a pouring ladle and devices for degassing the metal melt contained in the pouring ladle.
- the metal melt can be degassed, for example, using a partial degassing process, such as the Ruhrstahl-Fleraeus process, in which a vacuum vessel is immersed in the melt for degassing, with vacuum pumps designed as steam jet pumps in the vacuum vessel Negative pressure for degassing the melt is generated.
- Multi-stage vacuum pumps which are connected to an exhaust gas duct 5, are usually used for this purpose.
- the term vacuum pump is predominantly used in the present application in the singular. In the context of the invention, however, this also includes an arrangement of vacuum pumps or a pump with a large number of pump stages.
- the auxiliary burner 3 of the torch 2 can be switched on and off or ignited and extinguished via a control device 6.
- the exhaust gas duct 5 is connected upstream of the flare 2 to an extinguishing line 7, a feed line 8 for fuel gas and a feed line 9 for nitrogen. Via the extinguishing line 7, nitrogen can be supplied as an extinguishing agent from an extinguishing agent tank 10 to the exhaust gas duct 5.
- a flow measuring device 11 for determining the exhaust gas volume flow is arranged upstream of the mouth of the feed line 8 for fuel gas in the exhaust gas duct 5 and downstream of the mouth of the feed line 9 for nitrogen.
- Feed lines 9 into the exhaust gas duct are also provided with a gas analysis device 12 with which the exhaust gas composition is preferably continuously determined.
- a gas analysis device 12 with which the exhaust gas composition is preferably continuously determined.
- the supply of fuel gas and nitrogen as inert gas into the exhaust gas duct 5 is controlled by means of a
- Control device 21 the control scheme of which is explained below with reference to the illustration in FIG.
- the control scheme shown in Figure 2 comprises two interdependent control loops 15, 16, with a first control loop 15 as a reference variable regulating the value of the exhaust gas determined on the basis of the gas composition, and the second control loop 16 shown below in Figure 2 as a reference variable regulates the exhaust gas volume flow.
- the Fleizwert of the exhaust gas is determined on the basis of the measured values from the gas analysis device 12 via the CO component.
- the gas analysis device 12 supplies, among other things, the oxygen content and the carbon monoxide content of the exhaust gas.
- the CO content or carbon monoxide content of the exhaust gas determines its Fleizwert.
- the value of the exhaust gas also depends on the nitrogen content of the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas volume flow must not fall below a certain minimum value in order to ensure a sufficient gas velocity and thus prevent possible flashback in the exhaust gas duct.
- a corresponding amount of inert gas or nitrogen is fed to the exhaust gas duct, which in turn has an effect on the value of the exhaust gas.
- the fuel value of the exhaust gas should not fall below a specified minimum value, for example in the order of magnitude of> 2kWh / Nm 3 (200 BTU / scf). This value corresponds to a stoichiometrically complete combustion of the CO
- the first control circuit 15 comprises a first control device 17 for the fuel gas supply, which the volume flow controllable valve 13 in the feed line 8 for fuel gas acts on.
- the reference variable for the Fleizwert is specified via a Fleizwert calculator 18, which uses the actual Fleizwert, the exhaust gas volume flow, the exhaust gas composition and the actual nitrogen volume flow from the second control loop 16 as input variables.
- the second control circuit 16 comprises a second control device 19 for the addition of nitrogen, which acts on the valve 14, which can be regulated with respect to the volume flow.
- the second control circuit 16 also includes a volume flow computer 20, which is used as Input variables the actually supplied nitrogen volume flow and the fuel gas volume flow are used.
- the volume flow computer 20 specifies the reference variable for the minimum exhaust gas volume flow and, in parallel, supplies this value to the calorific value computer 18.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the exhaust gas composition and the exhaust gas quantity during a typical degassing process of a secondary metallurgical treatment of a steel melt, the pressure prevailing during the decarburization, the exhaust gas quantity, the inert gas quantity, the natural gas quantity and the CO content of the exhaust gas being plotted over time.
- the pressure drop (vacuum / thin solid line) at the beginning of the degassing process and the pressure increase at the end of the degassing process can be recognized without further ado. This is accompanied by an initially high and then decreasing CO formation.
- the dotted line illustrates the calorific value of the exhaust gas supported by the addition of natural gas (CH4), while the bold solid curve illustrates the addition of nitrogen.
- Control device 7 Extinguishing line 8 Feed line for fuel gas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019132181 | 2019-11-27 | ||
PCT/EP2020/083023 WO2021105045A1 (de) | 2019-11-27 | 2020-11-23 | Heizwert- und volumentromgesteuerte verbrennung des co in sekundärmetallurischem abgas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4065889A1 true EP4065889A1 (de) | 2022-10-05 |
EP4065889B1 EP4065889B1 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
Family
ID=73554435
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20812007.1A Active EP4065889B1 (de) | 2019-11-27 | 2020-11-23 | Heizwert- und volumentromgesteuerte verbrennung des co in sekundärmetallurischem abgas |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220412554A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4065889B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020214667A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021105045A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2005415C (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1994-03-01 | Willie H. Best | High efficiency gas burner assembly |
DE19518900C1 (de) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-08-08 | Technometal Ges Fuer Metalltec | Verfahren zur Nachverbrennung von bei der Vakuumbehandlung von Stahl entstehenden Reaktionsgasen |
US5980606A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1999-11-09 | Steel Technology Corporation | Method for reducing sulfuric content in the offgas of an iron smelting process |
US10041672B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2018-08-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Real-time burner efficiency control and monitoring |
WO2016123666A1 (en) | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-11 | Technological Resources Pty. Limited | Processing of low heating value off-gas |
JP6965167B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-12 | 2021-11-10 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | ガスタービンコジェネレーションシステム及びその運転切換方法 |
US11047573B2 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2021-06-29 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Flare monitoring and control method and apparatus |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 US US17/779,868 patent/US20220412554A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-23 DE DE102020214667.5A patent/DE102020214667A1/de active Pending
- 2020-11-23 EP EP20812007.1A patent/EP4065889B1/de active Active
- 2020-11-23 WO PCT/EP2020/083023 patent/WO2021105045A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220412554A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
EP4065889B1 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
DE102020214667A1 (de) | 2021-05-27 |
WO2021105045A1 (de) | 2021-06-03 |
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