EP4065542A1 - Procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane - Google Patents

Procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane

Info

Publication number
EP4065542A1
EP4065542A1 EP20811409.0A EP20811409A EP4065542A1 EP 4065542 A1 EP4065542 A1 EP 4065542A1 EP 20811409 A EP20811409 A EP 20811409A EP 4065542 A1 EP4065542 A1 EP 4065542A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dibromomethane
dichloromethane
bromochloromethane
mixture
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20811409.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andre GROSSMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saltigo GmbH
Original Assignee
Saltigo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saltigo GmbH filed Critical Saltigo GmbH
Publication of EP4065542A1 publication Critical patent/EP4065542A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/20—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
    • C07C17/202—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/20—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C17/383—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by distillation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved process for the production of bromochloromethane by reacting dichloromethane and dibromomethane in the presence of catalysts.
  • Bromochloromethane is an important solvent in chemical processes and is also used advantageously in chemical reactions, for example in cyclopropanation reactions such as the Simmons-Smith reaction, as a reagent for the production of an intermediate zinc carbene (carbenoid).
  • bromochloromethane Processes for producing bromochloromethane are known.
  • DE2133152 A1 discloses the production of fluorine-free haloalkanes such as dichloromethane or bromochloromethane from fluorine-containing haloalkanes such as dibromodifluoromethane in the presence of aluminum trichloride or tribromide.
  • fluorine-free haloalkanes such as dichloromethane or bromochloromethane from fluorine-containing haloalkanes such as dibromodifluoromethane in the presence of aluminum trichloride or tribromide.
  • bromochloromethane is obtained in yields of 19% of theory.
  • the disadvantage of this process is that the starting materials are very expensive and the reaction produces waste streams containing fluorine.
  • SU1587036 discloses a process for the preparation of mixed polyhaloalkanes such as bromochloromethane or chloroiodomethane by reacting dichloromethane and dibromomethane in the presence of aluminum trichloride.
  • a mixture of the three substances dichloromethane, dibromomethane and bromochloromethane is formed in an equilibrium reaction, bromochloromethane, for example, being obtained in yields of 76% of theory.
  • the disadvantage of this process is that the process requires a discontinuous extractive aqueous work-up and a subsequent discontinuous fractional distillation and the yields are inadequate for an economical industrial process.
  • the yield of bromochloromethane based on the bromine atoms used is insufficient. The object was therefore still to improve the prior art process in such a way that the disadvantages are avoided and, at the same time, the yield is significantly increased.
  • a process for producing bromochloromethane has been found in which at least a) dibromomethane and dichloromethane with at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of aluminum trichloride, aluminum tribromide, iron (II) chloride, iron (III) chloride, nickel chloride, zinc chloride, boron trifluoride, tetraalkylphosphonium halide Tetraalkylphosphonium tosylate, tetraalkylphosphonium mesylate, tetraalkylphosphonium triflate, tetraarylphosphonium halide, tetraarylphosphonium tosylate, tetraarylphosphonium mesylate, or tetraarylphosphonium mesylate, or tetraarylphosphonium triflate, which is obtained in at least one crude alcohol mixture containing at least a) a) alcohol and bromomethane, is converted into the crude alcohol
  • Steps a), b i) and b ii) of the process according to the invention are preferably carried out batchwise.
  • discontinuous implementation means that the reaction takes place with interruptions, for example in several successive reactions, in the same or in different reactors.
  • both temporal phases of continuous and equally temporal phases with discontinuous separation can be included.
  • dichloromethane and dibromomethane are preferably used in a molar ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 1 to 10: 1, particularly preferably 1: 1 to 3: 1.
  • dichloromethane and dibromomethane are initially charged, preferably in a first reactor, and mixed, preferably hydraulically or mechanically.
  • the dichloromethane and dibromomethane used preferably have a water content of less than 2000 mg per kg of dihalomethane.
  • a catalyst selected from the group aluminum trichloride, aluminum, iron (II) chloride, iron (III) chloride, nickel chloride, zinc chloride, boron trifluoride, tetraalkylphosphonium halide Tetraalkylphosphoniumtosylat, Tetraalkylphosphoniummesylat, Tetraalkylphosphoniumtriflat, tetraarylphosphonium halide, Tetraarylphosphoniumtosylat, Tetraarylphosphoniummesylat or Tetraarylphosphoniumtriflat added.
  • the catalysts preferably the catalysts which can react with water, are in anhydrous form.
  • Preferred catalysts are anhydrous aluminum trichloride and anhydrous aluminum tribromide.
  • the reaction mixture is mixed, preferably hydraulically or mechanically.
  • the molar ratio of catalyst to dichloromethane is preferably from 0.001 to 0.2, preferably from 0.05 to 0.15, if dichloromethane and dibromomethane are used in a molar ratio of 1: 1 or greater.
  • the molar ratio of catalyst to dibromomethane is from 0.001 to 0.2, preferably from 0.05 to 0.15, if dichloromethane and dibromomethane are used in a molar ratio of less than 1: 1.
  • the reaction of dichloromethane and dibromomethane in step a) of the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at temperatures from 40 to 150.degree. C., preferably from 50 to 100.degree. C., particularly preferably from 50 to 60.degree.
  • This usually results in a product mixture that contains 2 to 70% by weight of dichloromethane, 6 to 73% by weight of dibromomethane, 24 to 50% by weight of bromochloromethane, preferably 24 to 45% by weight of bromochloromethane, and up to 2% by weight of other components, the contents of dichloromethane, dibromomethane, bromochloromethane and possibly other components add up to 100% by weight.
  • the course of the reaction can be followed regularly via an in-process control, for example by gas chromatography. Once the conversion has reached the desired level, the first crude mixture is usually worked up by bringing it into contact with water and / or alcohol.
  • the first raw mixture is usually brought into contact with at least water and / or at least one alcohol in step b i) or step b ii) of the process according to the invention.
  • reactive intermediate stages that arise during the reaction in step a) and / or the catalyst for example aluminum trichloride, are hydrolyzed and / or converted via alcoholysis.
  • the bringing into contact can take place, for example, by mixing, the mixing preferably taking place mechanically, particularly preferably with a stirrer, and / or hydraulically, particularly preferably by pumping.
  • step b i) at least one alcohol is preferably initially introduced into a reactor, particularly preferably in a second reactor, and the first crude mixture from step a) is then added, usually with mechanical and / or hydraulic mixing.
  • Suitable alcohols for step b i) are usually methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
  • step b ii) water, and optionally at least one alcohol, is preferably placed in a reactor, particularly preferably in a second reactor, and the first crude mixture from step a) is then added, usually with mechanical and / or hydraulic mixing.
  • the second raw mixture can be mixed hydraulically and / or mechanically for a period of 15 to 300 minutes in order to effect the hydrolysis or Complete alcoholysis of intermediate stages formed during the reaction.
  • step bi If, after at least one alcohol has been brought into contact with the reaction mixture from step a) according to step bi), a single-phase second crude mixture is present, the mixture can be separated directly by distillation. If, after bringing water, and optionally with at least one alcohol, into contact with the first raw mixture from step a) according to step b ii), a two-phase second raw mixture is present, the aqueous phase is then separated from the organic phase according to step b ii) of the method according to the invention severed.
  • step c) of the process according to the invention the components dibromomethane, dichloromethane and bromochloromethane are preferably separated from one another from the single-phase second crude mixture from step b i) and / or from the separated organic phase of the second crude mixture from step b ii).
  • Step c) of the process according to the invention can preferably be carried out in such a way that ci) first dichloromethane is separated from the single-phase second crude mixture from step bi) or from the separated organic phase of the second crude mixture from step b ii), and c ii) subsequently dibromomethane and bromochloromethane can be isolated as separate fractions.
  • the separation of the components dibromomethane, dichloromethane and bromochloromethane from the single-phase second crude mixture from step bi) and / or from the separated organic phase of the second crude mixture from step b ii) according to step c, ci) and / or c ii) is preferably carried out by distillation and is particularly preferably carried out continuously.
  • continuous separation is defined in such a way that it takes place without interruption, for example in one or more distillation columns.
  • discontinuous separation means that the separation takes place with interruptions, for example in several discrete distillation steps with the same or with different distillation columns.
  • the discontinuous separation can contain both temporal phases of continuous and equally temporal phases with discontinuous separation.
  • step c i) particularly preferably in a first distillation column, dichloromethane can be obtained as the distillate and the mixture of dibromomethane and bromochloromethane can be obtained as the bottom.
  • step c ii) the mixture of dibromomethane and chlorobromomethane can preferably be fed into a second distillation column, and then bromochloromethane can be obtained as the distillate and dibromomethane as the bottom.
  • steps ci) and c ii) take place in two different distillation columns which are connected to one another in a communicating manner such that the bottom from the distillation column in step ci) takes place continuously into a second distillation column, preferably in the Side stream of a second distillation column is fed.
  • bromochloromethane is continuously withdrawn as distillate and dibromomethane continuously as sump from the second distillation column.
  • a mixture is obtained, preferably as a distillate, which contains dichloromethane in a content of 95 to 99.9% by weight, based on the total mass of the distillate and optionally other components in a content of 0.1 Up to 5% by weight, based on the total mass of the distillate.
  • step ci) of the process according to the invention a mixture is obtained, preferably as the sump, the dibromomethane in a content of 25 to 40% by weight, based on the total mass of the sump and bromochloromethane in a content of 60 to 75% by weight, based on the total mass of the sump.
  • step c ii) of the process according to the invention a mixture is obtained, preferably as the distillate, which contains bromochloromethane in a content of 95 to 99.9% by weight, based on the total mass of the distillate.
  • step c ii) of the process according to the invention a mixture is obtained, preferably as the sump, which contains dibromomethane in a content of 95 to 99.9% by weight, based on the total mass of the sump.
  • the dichloromethane obtained from step c i) and / or the dibromomethane obtained from step c ii) can preferably be reused in step a) of a subsequent preparation of bromochloromethane.
  • bromine component in a continuously carried out process according to the invention is between 90 and 99 percent of theory, preferably between 93 and 97 percent of theory. Twice the molar amount of dibromomethane used in step a) is calculated as the bromine component, since theoretically two moles of bromochloromethane are formed from one mole of dibromomethane.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out in such a way that the conversion of dibromomethane and dichloromethane with at least one catalyst analogously to step a) takes place continuously by adding a first amount of dichloromethane and a first amount of dibromomethane in the presence of a first amount of catalyst is reacted, in which case further amounts of dibromomethane, dichloromethane and catalyst are continuously added to the reaction mixture in the same proportion, at the same time part of the components dibromomethane, dichloromethane and bromochloromethane is separated from the reaction mixture analogously to step c), preferably by distillation, and subsequently continuously analogously to step ci) dichloromethane is separated off from the reaction mixture, and then continuously analogously to step c ii) dibromomethane and bromochloromethane are isolated as separate fractions.
  • the reaction was terminated by transferring the reaction mixture to a second reactor at 20 to 25 ° C. within 1 hour at 20 to 25 ° C., while stirring the resulting mixture, in which 3750 g Water were submitted.
  • the resulting two-phase second reaction mixture was stirred for a further hour at 20 to 25 ° C.
  • the organic phase, usually the lower phase, and then the aqueous phase were then removed from the second reactor and the lower organic phase via an evaporator into a continuous distillation apparatus as vapor in the middle area at a temperature of 91 ° C. at a pressure of 3 bar initiated.
  • the composition of the vaporizable portion of the reaction mixture was determined by gas chromatography to be 47% by weight dichloromethane, 11% by weight dibromomethane and 42% by weight bromochloromethane.
  • the reaction mixture can then be separated, analogously to Example 1, directly by means of distillation into the components dichloromethane, dibromomethane and bromochloromethane in purities of at least 95 percent by weight.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane par réaction de dichlorométhane et de dibromométhane en présence de catalyseurs.
EP20811409.0A 2019-11-28 2020-11-27 Procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane Pending EP4065542A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19212198 2019-11-28
PCT/EP2020/083710 WO2021105412A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2020-11-27 Procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4065542A1 true EP4065542A1 (fr) 2022-10-05

Family

ID=68731888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20811409.0A Pending EP4065542A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2020-11-27 Procédé amélioré de préparation de bromochlorométhane

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20220411353A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4065542A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114746383A (fr)
BR (1) BR112022009966A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3162881A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2022006100A (fr)
WO (1) WO2021105412A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL125428C (fr) * 1963-02-27
DE2133152C3 (de) 1971-07-03 1981-06-19 Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH, 5000 Köln Verfahren zur Herstellung von Halogenmethanen
SU1587036A1 (ru) * 1988-04-15 1990-08-23 Мордовский государственный университет им.Н.П.Огарева Способ получени смешанных полигалогенметанов
IL88317A (en) * 1988-11-07 1993-05-13 Bromine Compounds Ltd Gas-phase process for the production of bromochloromethane and dibromomethane
CN101357877B (zh) * 2008-09-10 2011-06-22 山东大地盐化集团有限公司 一釜法生产二溴甲烷、溴氯甲烷的制备方法
CN101913981A (zh) * 2010-07-30 2010-12-15 天津长芦海晶集团有限公司 一种连续蒸馏制取二溴甲烷的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3162881A1 (fr) 2021-06-03
BR112022009966A2 (pt) 2022-08-09
CN114746383A (zh) 2022-07-12
MX2022006100A (es) 2022-06-14
WO2021105412A1 (fr) 2021-06-03
US20220411353A1 (en) 2022-12-29

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