Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
  • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/02—Driving gear
  • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
  • B66D1/24—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels for varying speed or reversing direction of rotation of drums or barrels, i.e. variable ratio or reversing gearing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/02—Driving gear
  • B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
  • B66D1/40—Control devices
  • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
  • B66D1/50—Control devices automatic for maintaining predetermined rope, cable, or chain tension, e.g. in ropes or cables for towing craft, in chains for anchors; Warping or mooring winch-cable tension control
  • B66D1/505—Control devices automatic for maintaining predetermined rope, cable, or chain tension, e.g. in ropes or cables for towing craft, in chains for anchors; Warping or mooring winch-cable tension control electrical
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
  • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
  • B66D3/20—Power-operated hoists with driving motor, e.g. electric motor, and drum or barrel contained in a common housing
  • B66D3/22—Power-operated hoists with driving motor, e.g. electric motor, and drum or barrel contained in a common housing with variable-speed gearings between driving motor and drum or barrel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
  • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
  • B66D3/24—Applications of limit switches
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D2700/00—Capstans, winches or hoists
  • B66D2700/01—Winches, capstans or pivots
  • B66D2700/0125—Motor operated winches
  • B66D2700/0141—Electrically actuated

Definitions

• Winch for handling in particular for lifting, load
• the present invention relates to a winch for handling, in particular for lifting, load.
• a winch comprising a drum, a cable that can be wound around the drum, means for attaching the load to the cable, a motor equipped with a motor shaft, a motor control configured to selectively control the motor according to two operating modes, namely a first operating mode, in which the motor shaft of the motor is able to be driven in rotation in a first direction, and a second operating mode, in which the motor shaft of the motor is capable of being rotated in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
• the invention relates to a winch for handling a load, said winch comprising a drum, a cable that can be wound around the drum, means for attaching the load to the cable, a motor equipped with a motor shaft, a motor control configured to selectively control the motor according to two operating modes, namely a first operating mode, in which the motor shaft of the motor is adapted to be driven in rotation in a first direction, and a second mode of operation, in which the motor shaft of the motor is suitable for being driven in rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and mechanical means for transmitting the rotational movement of the motor shaft to the drum, the means mechanical motion transmission arranged between the motor shaft and the drum being configured to allow, in the first mode of operation called load lifting, in the rotational driven state of the motor shaft in the first direction, the transmission of the rotational movement of the motor shaft to the drum for a rotational drive of said drum in the direction of winding of the cable around the drum, characterized in that, in the second operating mode called load descent
• the mechanical movement transmission means comprise a freewheel chosen, preferably, from the group formed by the freewheels with ratchet, cams, balls or rollers, this freewheel being interposed between the motor shaft and the drum.
• a freewheel between the drum and the motor shaft allows, during the drive in rotation of the drive shaft corresponding to the drive in rotation of the drum in the direction of a winding of the cable around the drum, a transmission of the rotational movement of the motor shaft to the drum while this transmission of movement does not take place, due to the freewheeling operation of said freewheel, when the motor shaft is driven in rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction and corresponding to the control for driving the drum in rotation in the direction of unwinding of the cable from the drum to allow the load to form the driving element of the unwinding of the cable.
• the freewheel comprises two rotating coaxial parts called one, outer, the other, inner, and elements, such as rollers, balls, cams, or pawls arranged in a space left free between said parts, said parts being mounted one, integral in rotation with the motor shaft, the other, integral in rotation with the drum, and the elements being loaded individually by spring, the integral part in rotation of the motor shaft forming, in cooperation with the elements, in the stationary state of said part fixed in rotation with the motor shaft or in the second operating mode, in the state driven in rotation of said part fixed in rotation of the motor shaft in the second direction, means for limiting the angular displacement of the part fixed in rotation to the drum capable of being driven in rotation under the action of a traction exerted on the cable in the direction of unwinding d u cable of the drum and, in the first mode of operation, in the state driven in rotation of the motor shaft in the first direction, a drive member for driving in rotation of the part secured to the drum.
• elements such as rollers, balls, cams, or pawls
• the freewheel therefore comprises two parts, namely two rotating coaxial rings and elements interposed between said rings.
• the ring integral in rotation with the motor shaft is able to form, in cooperation with the elements such as rollers or cams interposed between the rings, in the state driven in rotation of the ring integral in rotation with the motor shaft according to the first direction, a drive member for driving in rotation of the ring integral in rotation with the drum and, in the driven state in rotation of the ring integral in rotation with the motor shaft in the second direction, a displacement limitation member in rotation of the ring integral in rotation with the drum, this limiting member preventing the rotational drive of the ring integral in rotation with the drum, capable of being rotated under the action of a traction exerted on the cable in the direction of unwinding of the cable, at a speed of rotation greater than that of the speed of rotation of the ring fixed in rotation to the motor shaft.
• the part integral in rotation with the drum forms the inner part of the freewheel, this part integral in rotation with the drum being mounted on an axial extension of the drum.
• the part integral in rotation with the motor shaft is coupled to the motor shaft by a gear reduction mechanism.
• the drum is movably mounted between a winding position, said maximum of the cable around the drum and a winding position, said minimal also called the unwinding position of the drum and the winch comprises drum return means configured to allow the exercise on the drum of a return force in a direction corresponding to a drive in rotation of the drum in the direction of winding of the cable around the drum.
• These return means comprise at least one spring.
• the return means are configured to allow the exercise of an adjustable return force.
• the restoring force can be adjusted using a manually or automatically actuated regulator.
• At least part of the motor control is carried by the cable and the return force of the return means is between the value of the force necessary to return the drum to position of maximum winding of the cable around the drum in the naked state, that is to say without motor control, of the cable and the value of the force necessary to allow a rotational drive of the drum in the direction of a winding of the cable around the drum in the worn state of at least part of the control of the motor by the cable.
• the drum is a grooved drum provided with an external peripheral helical groove and the winch comprises means for retaining the cable inside the groove, these means of support comprising a cable guide provided with a cable passage, this cable guide being mounted axially movable and fixed in rotation along a guide path parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, this cable guide being provided a male element, such as a rib, inserted in the groove of the drum to allow, in parallel with the rotary drive of the drum, an axial displacement of the cable guide along the guide path.
• these means of support comprising a cable guide provided with a cable passage, this cable guide being mounted axially movable and fixed in rotation along a guide path parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, this cable guide being provided a male element, such as a rib, inserted in the groove of the drum to allow, in parallel with the rotary drive of the drum, an axial displacement of the cable guide along the guide path.
• the male element of the cable guide is, in the use configuration of the winch with the axis of rotation of the drum in a horizontal position, disposed opposite a part of cable-free drum groove.
• the cable retaining means inside the groove of the drum further comprises a housing positioned around the drum over at least part of the circumference of the drum.
• FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic view of a winch according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic view of the drum equipped with its load lifting cable and its control member
• FIG. 3 shows a simplified sectional view of the mechanical means for transmitting movement between the motor shaft and the drum, the freewheel of said means for transmitting movement being a roller or ball wheel;
• FIG. 4 shows a simplified sectional view of the mechanical means for transmitting movement between the motor wheel and the drum, the freewheel of said transmission means being a cam wheel;
• FIG. 5 shows a partial perspective view of a winch according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a partial perspective view of a winch according to the invention
• FIG. 7 shows a simplified schematic front view of a drum and its cable guide
• FIG. 8 shows a partial view of a winch taken from below.
• the winch 1, object of the invention allows the handling of load 20, in particular the raising and lowering of load 20.
• This winch 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a drum 2 and a cable 6 which can be wound around the drum 2.
• the drum 2 is an externally grooved drum.
• the groove 11 is an outer peripheral helical groove.
• the cable 6 is inserted inside said groove 11.
• This cable 6 is equipped, at or near its free end, with means 7 for hooking the load 20, the other end being fixed to said drum.
• These attachment means 7 can be formed by a simple hook, by vacuum gripping means, such as a suction cup, or by any other attachment means without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the winch 1 further comprises a motor 3 equipped at the output of a motor shaft 4.
• This motor 3 is controlled using a control 17, part of which is, in the examples shown, carried by the cable 6.
• This control 17 of the motor comprises for example a handle mounted on the cable 6.
• This handle comprises two parts moving relative to each other to occupy at least two positions allowing the 'one, to control the motor according to a first mode of operation, called load lifting, in which the motor shaft 4 of the motor 3 is able to be driven in rotation in a first direction D1, the other, to control the motor according to a second mode of operation, called load descent, in which the motor shaft 4 of the motor 3 is able to be driven in a second direction D2 opposite to the first direction D1.
• load lifting in which the motor shaft 4 of the motor 3 is able to be driven in rotation in a first direction D1
• load descent in which the motor shaft 4 of the motor 3 is able to be driven in a second direction D2 opposite to the first direction D1.
• the winch is equipped with a motor control unit 3 which, from the order received from the control 17, drives the motor 3 in operation according to one or other of the operating modes described above, the first mode of operation allowing, by winding the cable around the drum 2, the lifting of the load, while the second mode of operation allows, by unwinding the cable from the drum, the descent of the load.
• a motor control unit 3 which, from the order received from the control 17, drives the motor 3 in operation according to one or other of the operating modes described above, the first mode of operation allowing, by winding the cable around the drum 2, the lifting of the load, while the second mode of operation allows, by unwinding the cable from the drum, the descent of the load.
• the winch 1 further comprises mechanical means 5 for transmitting the rotational movement of the motor shaft 4 to the drum 2.
• These mechanical transmission means 5 comprise, in the example shown, from the motor shaft 4 to the drum 2, a gear reduction mechanism 9 and a freewheel 8.
• This configuration of the mechanical means 5 for transmitting movement allows, in the first mode of operation, the transmission of movement from the motor shaft 4 to the drum.
• the movement transmission means 5 are configured so as not to allow the transmission of the rotational movement of the motor shaft 4 to the drum 2.
• At least part of the means 5 Movement transmission mechanisms are configured to form a brake on the rotational drive of the drum 2 limiting or preventing the rotational drive of the drum 2 in the direction of unwinding of the cable 6 from the drum 2 under the effect of traction exerted on the cable 6, in particular by a load 20 suspended from said cable 6.
• this second mode of operation it is no longer the motor shaft 4 which acts on the drum 2 to drive its rotational displacement but the load 20 attached to the cable 6.
• This load 20 generates, under the effect of its weight, a traction on the cable 6. This traction ensures a rotational drive of the drum 2 in the direction of unwinding of the cable 6.
• the freewheel 8 which can be of any type of freewheel, namely in particular a freewheel 8 with ratchet, cam, ball, roller or other, comprises two parts 81, 82 rotary coaxial say one, exterior, the other, interior.
• the outer part 81 and the inner part 82 are mounted one, integral in rotation with the motor shaft, the other, integral in rotation with the drum 2.
• the parts 81 and 82 are rings with the part 82 integral in rotation with the drum 2 which forms the part or inner ring of the freewheel 8 and the part 81 integral in rotation with the shaft 4 motor which forms the outer part or ring of the freewheel 8.
• the freewheel 8 is mounted on an axial extension 2A of the drum 2.
• the inner part 82 of the freewheel, integral in rotation with the drum is mounted on an axial extension 2A of the drum 2, that is to say a shaft section which passes through the center of the drum and projects axially from the latter.
• the freewheel 8 is thus offset laterally from the drum 2.
• the outer part 81 of the freewheel 8 meshes with one of the pinions which form the reduction gear mechanism 9 arranged between the freewheel 8 and the motor shaft 4.
• the freewheel 8 comprises, in addition to the coaxial rotating parts 81, 82, elements arranged in a space left free between said parts. This space is an annular space when the parts are rings, as in the example shown. These elements shown at 83A and 83B in the figures may be of different natures depending on the type of freewheel. These elements can thus be formed by rollers, balls, cams, pawls or the like. Regardless of their design, these elements are loaded individually by spring 84. These elements are, in a manner known per se, movably mounted and have, as a function of the relative position, the rotational speed and the relative direction of movement in rotation of the parts.
• two operating phases namely a locking phase in the case for example of freewheels with jamming as in the example shown, where the elements get stuck without sliding between said parts 81 and 82 and a phase, called freewheeling, in which the part 81 can rotate freely without rotating the part 82, this freewheeling phase, in which the outer part 81 can rotate freely on at least one revolution without driving the inner part 82 in rotation, can only occur in the second mode of operation.
• the part 81 integral in rotation with the motor wheel 4 forms, in the stationary state of said part 81 or, in the second operating mode, in the state driven in rotation of said next part 81 the second direction D2, means for limiting the angular displacement of the part 82 integral in rotation with the drum 2 capable of being driven in rotation under the action of a traction exerted on the cable 6 in the direction of unwinding of the cable 6 of the drum 2 while, in the first mode of operation, in the state driven in rotation of the motor shaft 4 in the first direction D1, this same part 81, integral in rotation with the motor shaft 4, forms with the elements 83A or 83B a drive member for driving the rotation of the part 82 integral with the drum.
• the track of the outer ring 81 integral in rotation with the shaft is a cylindrical track while the track of the inner ring 82 integral in shaft rotation is a track provided with blocking ramps.
• the part 81 when the part 81 is driven in rotation along D1, it drives by friction a relative movement of the rollers to a blocking position of the rollers between the track of the outer ring and the ramps of the track of the inner part, which generates a rotational drive of the inner part 82 and by continuation of drum 2.
• This corresponds to the first mode of operation, known as lifting the load, the rotary drive of the drum taking place in a direction corresponding to the winding of the cable around the drum 2 as illustrated in FIG. 2.
• this speed differential causes a relative rotational movement of the parts 81 and 82 which leads to a position where the part 82 is forced to rotate at a speed equal to that of the part 81 which acts as a brake.
• the rotational driving of the inner part 82 in the direction of the second direction D2 is prevented.
• the outer part 81 therefore plays, in connection with the elements, in the second mode of operation or in a stationary position of said part, the role of a brake preventing or limiting the drive in rotation of the part 82 and consequently, the 'drive in rotation of the drum in the direction of unwinding of the cable from the drum.
• Figure 4 illustrates a cam freewheel with a similar operation.
• the tracks of the inner and outer parts are cylindrical and the locking phase takes place when the cams occupy a particular position in the space between parts. This position is obtained following a relative rotational movement of the parts between them generating friction on the elements.
• means 10 for returning the drum configured to allow, in the second mode of operation in the state driven in rotation of the motor shaft 4 and consequently of the drum 2 following a second direction D2, the exercise on the drum 2 of a return force.
• the drum is movably mounted between a so-called maximum winding position of the cable 6 around the drum 2 and a so-called minimum winding position, also called the maximum unwinding position of the cable 6 of the drum 2.
• the return means 10 of the drum 2 are therefore configured to allow the exercise on the drum 2 of a return force in a direction corresponding to a rotational drive of the drum 2 in the direction of a winding of the cable 6 around the drum 2.
• these return means 10 are configured to allow the exercise of an adjustable return force.
• This restoring force can be adjustable manually or using an actuator.
• these return means 10 comprise a spring which can be more or less pre-stressed.
• This spring is for example a coil spring coaxial with the axis of rotation of the drum and one end of which is fixed to the drum and the other end in a stationary location. The rotation of the drum in the direction of unwinding of the cable causes compression of the spring which tends to urge the drum in rotation in the direction of winding of the cable around the drum. The presence of such a spring ensures minimum tension in the lifting cable and thus eliminates "slack".
• the return force of the return means is between the value of the force necessary to return the drum 2 to the maximum winding position of the cable 6 around the drum 2 in the naked state, that is to say without control 17 of the motor of the cable 6 and the value of the force necessary to allow a rotational drive of the drum 2 in the direction of a winding of the cable around the drum 2 in the carried state of at least part of the control 17 of the motor 3 by the cable 6. This prevents movement of the cable under the effect of the return means in the absence dump.
• the winch further comprises means 12, 16 for holding the cable 6 inside the groove 11.
• These holding means 12, 16 comprise a cable guide 12 provided with a cable passage 13 formed here by a through orifice formed in the cable guide 12.
• This cable guide 12 is mounted axially movable and fixed in rotation along a guide path 14 parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 2.
• This guide path 14 may be formed by a rail.
• the cable guide 12 is provided with a male element 15, in this case here a rib which fits into the groove 11 of the drum 2 to allow, in parallel with the rotational drive of the drum 2, an axial displacement of the cable guide 12 along the guide path 14.
• This male element 15 of the cable guide 12 is, in the configuration of use of the winch 1 with the axis of rotation of the drum 2 in a horizontal position, arranged opposite a portion of the groove 11 of the drum 2 free of cable 6.
• the means 12, 16 for holding the cable 6 inside the groove 11 of the drum 2 further comprise a housing 16 positioned around the drum 2 over at least part of the circumference of the drum 2.
• the winch comprises a set 181, 182 for detecting the end of the winding stroke of the cable 6 and a set 191, 192 for detecting the end of the unwinding stroke of the cable 6.
• Each set 181, 182; 191, 192 for detection comprises a magnetizable metallic conductor 181, 191, such as a plate, and a sensor 182, 192, preferably inductive, for detecting the presence of said metallic conductor 181, 182.
• the sensor 182 or 192 and the conductor 181 or 191 can be positioned one on a part 21 mounted axially movable and fixed in rotation along a guide path 22 parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 2, the other, in a stationary location.
• the part 21 is provided with a male element 23, such as a finger, inserted into the groove 11 of the drum 2 for allow, in parallel with the rotational drive of the drum 2, an axial displacement of said part 21 along the guide path 22.
• the detection of a limit switch corresponds to the entry or exit of the metallic conductor 181, 191 from the detection field of the sensor 182, 192.
• the sensors 182 and 192 are stationary and the conductors 181 and 191 are mobile. Obviously, the reverse solution could have been envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the presence of these detection assemblies makes it possible to ensure unwinding and winding of the cable in good conditions despite the presence of the freewheel which prevents having a position reference for the cable on the drum.
• the operation of the winch as described above is therefore as follows.
• the operator enters the command which can be carried by the cable and chooses an operating mode.
• the shaft 4 When the first operating mode corresponding to a lifting of the load is chosen, the shaft 4 is rotated in the first direction D1 and transmits, via the reduction gear mechanism 9 and the freewheel 8 its movement of rotation to the drum 2 which is then driven in rotation in the direction of winding of the cable.
• the cable guide 12 moves along the drum in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, as does the conductor 181 making it possible to detect the end of the winding.
• the shaft 4 is rotated in the second direction D2 and the outer part 81 of the freewheel, in cooperation with the elements 83A or 83B of the freewheel, limits the angular displacement of the inner part 82 of the freewheel and therefore of the drum to prevent rotation of the drum, driven by the cable subjected to traction resulting from the presence of a load, at a speed of rotation greater than the speed of rotation of the outer part 81 of the freewheel.
• the cable guide moves along the drum in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, as does the conductor 191 allowing the detection of the end of unwinding of the cable.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Storing, Repeated Paying-Out, And Re-Storing Of Elongated Articles (AREA)
• Transmission Devices (AREA)
• Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=68988036

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2019
  • 2019-10-17 FR FR1911585A patent/FR3102164B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-10-14 EP EP20801336.7A patent/EP4045453A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-10-14 US US17/769,741 patent/US20220388818A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-10-14 WO PCT/FR2020/051811 patent/WO2021074520A1/fr unknown

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