EP4045314A1 - Verfahren zum herstellen eines stahlflachprodukts und verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils daraus - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen eines stahlflachprodukts und verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils darausInfo
- Publication number
- EP4045314A1 EP4045314A1 EP20793343.3A EP20793343A EP4045314A1 EP 4045314 A1 EP4045314 A1 EP 4045314A1 EP 20793343 A EP20793343 A EP 20793343A EP 4045314 A1 EP4045314 A1 EP 4045314A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flat steel
- steel product
- weight
- coating
- corrosion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a flat steel product provided with a protective coating based on Al and having reduced susceptibility to the absorption of hydrogen.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a component by hot forming of a flat steel product produced in this way and provided with an anti-corrosion coating based on aluminum.
- Fiber steel products are understood here as rolled products, the length and width of which are each considerably greater than their thickness. These include, in particular, steel strips, steel sheets and blanks obtained from them.
- the steel substrate of flat steel products according to the invention consists of a steel that belongs to the group of so-called “MnB steels”. Steels of this type are standardized in EN 10083-3. These steels have good hardenability. In the case of hot forming, they allow safe process control, which makes it possible in an economical way to bring about martensite hardening in the course of hot forming while still in the tool without additional cooling.
- a typical example of such a steel is the steel known under the designation 22MnB5, which can be found in the steel key 2004 under the material number 1.5528.
- the fully killed 22MnB5 steel available on the market typically contains iron and unavoidable impurities (in% by weight) 0.10-0.250% C, 1.0-1.4% Mn, 0.35-0.4% Si , up to 0.03% P, up to 0.01% S, up to 0.040% Al, up to 0.15% Ti, up to 0.1% Nb, in total up to 0.5% Cr + Mo , as well as up to 0.005% B.
- an alloying regulation is specified in EP 0971 044 B1, according to which an MnB steel in addition to iron and unavoidable impurities (in Wt .-%) a carbon content of more than 0.20% but less than 0.5%, a manganese content of more than 0.5% but less than 3%, a silicon content of more than 0.1%, however less than 0.5%, a chromium content of more than 0.01% but less than 1%, a titanium content of less than 0.2%, an aluminum content of less than 0.1%, a phosphorus content of less than 0, 1%, a sulfur content of less than 0.05% and a boron content of more than 0.0005% but less than 0.08%.
- the Al coating is a so-called AISi coating, which consists of 9-10 wt.% Si, 2-3.5 wt.% Iron and the remainder of aluminum.
- the flat steel products thus procured and coated are heated to a heating temperature of more than 700 ° C, then placed in a compression molding tool, where they are warmly formed into the steel component and cooled so quickly that a hardened structure is created in the steel substrate of the flat steel product.
- a flat steel product of the type described above intended for hot forming with subsequent hardening comprises an Al-based protective coating applied to the steel substrate, the protective coating in particular being an AlSi coating with an Si content of 3-15% by weight.
- the protective coating contains, as additional alloy components, a total of 0.11-0.7% by weight of at least two elements from the group of alkaline earth or transition metals, which have a higher affinity for oxygen than aluminum, with the proviso that the magnesium content of the Protective coating is at least 0.1% by weight and the calcium content of the protective coating is at least 0.01% by weight, and optionally up to Contains 20% by weight of other alloying elements.
- the presence of the alkaline earth metal or transition metal in the coating minimizes the hydrogen uptake of the steel substrate during the heating required for the hot forming of the flat steel product.
- the top layer applied according to this prior art contains an oxide, nitride, sulfide, carbide, hydrate or phosphate compound of a base metal.
- the base metals from which the oxide, nitride, sulfide, carbide or phosphate compounds present in an invention are formed include all metals that react with oxygen in the atmosphere under normal conditions, as well as alkaline earth metals , Alkali metals and semi-metals, also called metalloids, as well as the transition metals.
- a flat steel product is also known from WO 2012/120081 A2, which is intended for heat treatment and has a separate cover layer on at least one of its free surfaces, which has at least one oxide, nitride, sulfide, sulfate, carbide, carbonate -, fluoride, hydrate, hydroxide or phosphate compound of a base metal.
- the top layer causes a reduction in the reflectivity of the flat steel product, in particular if there is a corrosion protection coating on the flat steel product.
- the flat steel product coated in this way is characterized by an increased absorption capacity for infrared radiation.
- the flat steel product can be provided with a protective coating, for example based on Be coated with aluminum, on which the additional top layer is then applied.
- the task has been to provide a method that allows a flat steel product with an anti-corrosion coating based on aluminum, suitable for hot forming, to be produced in which, with simple means, there is a risk of hydrogen-induced cracks is minimized.
- a method should be specified for the production of a component by hot forming a flat steel product provided with an aluminum anti-corrosion coating, in which the risk of component failure as a result of hydrogen-induced cracks is minimized.
- the invention has achieved this object by the method specified in claim 1.
- the solution according to the invention to the above-mentioned object is that a flat steel product according to the invention is hot-formed into such a component by applying the work steps specified in claim 11.
- Absorption of hydrogen accordingly comprises the following work steps: a) Provision of a flat steel product, which, in% by weight, consists of C: 0.1-0.4%, Si: 0.05-0.5%, Cr: 0.005- 1.0%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, B: 0.0005-0.01%, and optionally one or more of the groups in the group "V, Ti, Nb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, W "combined alloy elements with the proviso that the contents of the alloying element optionally present are to be measured as follows: V: 0.001-0.2%, Ti: 0.001-0.1%, Nb: 0.001-0.1 %, AI: 0.01 - 0.2%, Ni: 0.01 - 0.4%, Cu: 0.01 - 0.8%, Mo: 0.002 - 1.0%, W: 0.001 - 1, 0% and the remainder consists of iron and unavoidable impurities, the unavoidable impurities including contents of less than 0.1% P, less than 0.05% S and less than 0.01% N;
- the method according to the invention for producing a component by hot forming a flat steel product provided with an anti-corrosion coating based on aluminum comprises the following work steps: kts by using a method formed in accordance with one of the preceding; ii) dividing a blank from the flat steel product; iii) heating the blank to a hot forming temperature of
- the flat steel product provided in step a) of the method according to the invention for producing a flat steel product provided with a protective coating based on Al consists of a conventional steel suitable for this purpose, the composition of which is selected as follows:
- carbon has a retarding effect on the formation of ferrite and bainite. At the same time, austenite is stabilized and the Ac3 temperature is reduced.
- the carbon content of the steel of a flat steel product according to the invention is limited to 0.10 and 0.4% by weight. A carbon content of at least 0.10% by weight is required to ensure the hardenability of the flat steel product and the tensile strength of the press-hardened product of at least 1000 MPa. If a higher level of strength is to be aimed for, C contents of at least 0.15% by weight are preferably set.
- the hardenability can also be improved so that the flat steel product has a very good combination of hardenability and strength.
- carbon contents greater than 0.4% by weight have a disadvantageous effect on the mechanical properties of the flat steel product, since C contents greater than 0.4% by weight promote the formation of brittle martensite during press hardening.
- the weldability can also be negatively influenced by high carbon contents.
- the carbon content can preferably be adjusted to a maximum of 0.3% by weight.
- Silicon is used to further increase the hardenability of the flat steel product and the strength of the press-hardened product via solid solution strengthening. Silicon also enables ferro-silicon-manganese to be used as an alloying agent, which has a positive effect on production costs.
- a hardening effect occurs from an Si content of 0.05% by weight. From an Si content of at least 0.15% by weight, in particular at least 0.20% by weight, there is a significant increase in strength. Si contents above 0.5% by weight have a disadvantageous effect on the coating behavior, in particular in the case of Al-based coatings. Si contents of at most 0.4% by weight, in particular at most 0.30% by weight, are preferably set in order to improve the surface quality of the coated flat steel product.
- Manganese acts as a hardening element by greatly delaying the formation of ferrite and bainite. With a manganese content of less than 0.5% by weight, ferrite and bainite are formed during press hardening even at very fast cooling rates, which should be avoided. Mn contents of at least 0.9% by weight, in particular at least 1.10% by weight, are preferred if a martensitic structure is to be ensured, especially in areas of greater deformation. Manganese contents of more than 3.0% by weight have a disadvantageous effect on the processing properties, which is why the Mn content of flat steel products according to the invention is at most 3.0% by weight is limited. Above all, the weldability is severely restricted, which is why the Mn content is preferably limited to a maximum of 1.6% by weight and in particular to 1.30% by weight. Manganese contents less than or equal to 1.6% by weight are also preferred for economic reasons.
- Chromium (“Cr”) is added to the steel of a flat steel product according to the invention in contents of 0.005-1.0% by weight. Chromium influences the hardenability of the flat steel product by slowing down the diffusive transformation during press hardening. Chromium has a favorable effect on hardenability in steel flat products according to the invention from a content of 0.005% by weight, with a Cr content of at least 0.1% by weight, in particular at least 0.18% by weight, for reliable process management especially to prevent bainite formation, is preferred. If the steel contains more than 1.0% by weight of chromium, the coating behavior deteriorates. In order to obtain a good surface quality, the Cr content can preferably be limited to a maximum of 0.4% by weight, in particular to a maximum of 0.28% by weight.
- B Boron
- B can optionally be added in order to improve the hardenability of the flat steel product by boron atoms or boron precipitates deposited on the austenite grain boundaries reducing the grain boundary energy, whereby the nucleation of ferrite is suppressed during press hardening.
- a clear effect on the hardenability occurs at contents of at least 0.0005% by weight, in particular at least 0.0020% by weight.
- boron carbides, boron nitrides or boron nitrocarbides are increasingly formed, which in turn represent preferred nucleation sites for the nucleation of ferrite and reduce the hardening effect again.
- the boron content is limited to a maximum of 0.01% by weight, in particular a maximum of 0.0035% by weight.
- titanium is also preferably alloyed to bind nitrogen.
- the Ti the content should preferably be at least 3.42 times the nitrogen content.
- one element, two or more alloying elements of the alloying elements summarized in the group "V, Ti, Nb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, W” can optionally be added to the steel.
- the contents of the alloying element (s) optionally present in each case are to be measured as follows:
- vanadium Even the smallest amounts of vanadium (“V") of 0.001% by weight can prevent free carbon from being deposited on dislocations. From a V content of 0.2% by weight, there is no longer any improvement in the aging resistance due to vanadium The anti-aging effect of vanadium is particularly pronounced at contents of up to 0.009% by weight, with a maximum effect starting from a preferred content of 0.002% by weight. At contents greater than 0.009% by weight, vanadium carbides are increasingly formed the reduction of aging effects also contributes to the increase in strength through precipitation strengthening, higher contents of up to 0.2 wt.% can preferably be set to increase the strength.
- the vanadium content of the steel of a steel flat product according to the invention is on the one hand to a maximum of 0.2 wt .-% On the other hand, higher contents do not lead to any significant improvement in the mechanical properties.
- Titanium is a micro-alloy element, which can optionally be added in order to contribute to grain refinement.
- titanium forms coarse titanium nitrides with nitrogen, which is why the Ti content should be kept comparatively low.
- Titanium binds nitrogen and enables boron to develop its strong ferrite-inhibiting effect.
- For sufficient binding of nitrogen at least 3.42 times the nitrogen content is required, with at least 0.001% by weight of Ti, preferably at least 0.023% by weight of Ti, for a sufficient availability should be added. From 0.1% by weight Ti, the cold-rollability and recrystallizability deteriorate significantly, which is why larger Ti contents should be avoided.
- the Ti content may preferably be limited to 0.038 wt%.
- AI Aluminum
- aluminum inhibits the formation of cementite.
- at least 0.01% by weight, in particular at least 0.02% by weight, of aluminum is required in the steel.
- the Al content is limited to 0.2% by weight. From a content of 0.2% by weight, AI hampers the transformation into austenite before press hardening too much, so that austenitizing can no longer be carried out in a time and energy efficient manner.
- an Al content of at most 0.1% by weight, in particular at most 0.05% by weight is preferably set around the structure of the steel of the steel substrate safely and completely in the austenitic state during austenitizing.
- Niobium can optionally be added in order to contribute to grain refinement from a content of 0.001% by weight. However, niobium impairs the recrystallizability of the steel. With an Nb content of over 0.1% by weight, the Do not recrystallize steel in conventional continuous furnaces prior to hot-dip coating In order to reduce the risk of deterioration in recrystallizability, the Nb content can preferably be limited to 0.003% by weight.
- Nickel stabilizes the austenitic phase and can optionally be added in order to reduce the Ac3 temperature and the formation of ferrite and Suppress bainite. Nickel also has a positive influence on hot rollability, especially if the steel contains copper. Copper deteriorates hot rollability. To counteract the negative influence of copper on hot rollability, 0.01% by weight of nickel can be added to the steel. For economic reasons, the nickel content should remain limited to a maximum of 0.4% by weight, in particular a maximum of 0.10% by weight.
- Copper can optionally be added in order to increase the hardenability with additions of at least 0.01% by weight.
- copper improves the resistance to atmospheric corrosion of uncoated sheet metal or cut edges. From a content of 0.8% by weight, the hot-rollability deteriorates significantly due to low-melting Cu phases on the surface, which is why the Cu content is at most 0.8% by weight, preferably at most 0.10% by weight, is limited.
- Molybdenum (“Mo”) can optionally be added to improve process stability, as it significantly slows down the formation of ferrite. From a content of 0.002% by weight molybdenum-carbon clusters up to ultrafine molybdenum carbides form dynamically on the grain boundaries, which significantly slow down the mobility of the grain boundary and thus diffusive phase transformations. In addition, molybdenum lowers the grain boundary energy, which lowers the rate of nucleation of ferrite. Because of the high costs associated with an alloy of molybdenum, the content should be at most 1.0% by weight, preferably at most 0.1% by weight.
- Tungsten can optionally be added in contents of 0.001-1.0% by weight to slow down the formation of ferrite.
- a maximum of 1.0% by weight of tungsten is added.
- the remainder of the steel of a flat steel product provided according to the invention and accordingly the sheet metal component obtained therefrom by hot forming is occupied by iron and unavoidable impurities, with contents of less than 0.1% by weight P and less than 0.05% S in addition to the unavoidable impurities and less than 0.01% N belong.
- the contents of the impurities are so low in each case that they have no effect on the properties of the steel and the sheet metal produced from it.
- the sum of the contents of the impurities is preferably limited to less than 0.2% by weight.
- the flat steel product consisting of the steel thus composed in a manner known per se can be produced in an equally known manner, as described, for example, in the prior art mentioned at the beginning.
- the anti-corrosion coating that is present on a hot-formed flat steel product according to the invention and consequently on the sheet metal component according to the invention can consist of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Accordingly, the anti-corrosion coating can consist of aluminum, in the event that the anti-corrosion layer is an Al alloy layer, the main component AI and the technically unavoidable impurities are each optional, in% by weight, 3 - 15% Si, 2 - 3.5% Fe and / or at least one alkaline earth metal or transition metal can be added, the contents of the alkaline earth metal or transition metals totaling 0.1-0.5%.
- the content of the impurities is typically limited to a total of at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.5% by weight, preferably - at most 0.2% by weight.
- the content of silicon (“Si”) in the corrosion protection layer provided according to the invention leads to the desired formation of an alloy layer and ensures optimum adhesion and deformability of the coating. This effect can be particularly certain when levels of at least 7% by weight Si, in particular at least 9% by weight Si, can be achieved.
- the effect of Si in the anti-corrosion coating provided according to the invention can be used particularly effectively with contents of not more than 12% by weight Si, in particular not more than 10% by weight Si.
- Iron can be present in the corrosion protection coating applied according to the invention in contents of 2 - 3.5% by weight in order to also contribute to the formation of the alloy layer and to optimize the adhesion of the coating to the respective steel substrate of the flat steel product.
- the corrosion protection layer can contain at least one alkaline earth metal or transition metal in contents of 0.05-2% by weight in order to enable the formation of a covering oxide layer in the hot forming process.
- This oxide layer contributes to the protective effect of the anti-corrosion layer produced according to the invention on the finished hot-formed component.
- the presence of at least one alkaline earth metal and / or at least one transition metal proves to be particularly favorable if the sum of the contents of these metals in the coating of a sheet metal component according to the invention is 0.1-0.5% by weight, in particular 0.15-0.4 % By weight.
- magnesium and calcium have proven to be particularly effective, but strontium, barium, zirconium and titanium can also be used.
- any method can be used with which a deposition of sufficiently thin layers on the steel substrate is possible.
- Conventional hot-dip coating (“hot-dip aluminizing”) is particularly suitable for this, as it allows corrosion protection to be produced on a sheet steel in a particularly economical manner. It is essential for the invention that in step d) the top layer is produced at the point of the method in which cracks can form in the corrosion protection layer, namely in the roll stand used for cold rolling or at least in its immediate vicinity.
- the alkaline earth or transition metal salts contained in the carrier liquid applied according to the invention are deposited as a cover layer on the surface of the corrosion protection layer.
- the heat supply required for heating to the respective hot forming temperature with the simultaneous presence of oxygen or oxygen and water (in the form of air humidity) in the atmosphere under which the heating takes place occurs, to form an oxide film.
- the advantage of the alkaline earth or transition metals selected according to the invention is that they form covering, dense and very compact oxide layers. Since this oxide layer is already present after a very short reaction time, the oxidation and thus the possibility of water splitting to form H dif is stopped. In the case of a top layer formed from calcium and / or magnesium, the following reaction takes place with the water contained in the atmosphere:
- An advantage of the application according to the invention of a carrier liquid forming the cover layer is that the elements required to form the cover layer are located directly on the surface of the corrosion protection layer and in this way are deposited in possible flaws or cracks in the corrosion layer and form a protective oxide layer there protect the steel substrate against oxidation and the ingress of hydrogen.
- Another advantage of the application of the cover layer according to the invention in the immediate vicinity or in the roll stand in which the flat steel product provided with the corrosion protection layer is cold rolled has the advantage that the alkaline earth metals or transition metals get into the cracks resulting from the rolling during rolling and prevent the absorption of hydrogen there.
- degrees of coverage of 20-100% of the surface of the corrosion protection layer are achieved, degrees of coverage of up to 80% and at least 30%, in particular at least 40%, being regularly achieved.
- An additional, known positive side effect of a top layer applied according to the invention is that the more favorable reflection behavior of the top layer improves the absorption behavior of a flat steel product produced according to the invention and enables faster heating to the respective hot forming temperature.
- cover layer applied according to the invention acts as a separating layer between the doughy aluminum alloy layer and the furnace rollers during the heating and hot forming of the flat steel product, whereby the furnace roller contamination is reduced and the formation of caking in the forming tool is reduced.
- the invention thus effectively succeeds in applying the respective crack location at the location of the formation of cracks by means of a covering layer formed from compounds of alkaline earth or transition metals, which prevents or at least prevents hydrogen absorption during further hot processing due to the rapid formation of thin and covering alkaline earth or transition metal layers to be significantly reduced compared to the state that would occur with an exposed Al corrosion protection layer.
- the invention proves to be particularly effective if the cold rolling (step c)) is carried out as so-called “flexible rolling” or “partial rolling”, in which the flat steel product provided with the corrosion protection layer has a thickness that varies over its length and / or width receives.
- flexible rolling or “partial rolling”
- the basics of this rolling process are explained, for example, in the presentation "Flexible Rolling of Tailor Rolled Blanks - innovative light weight design in Steel, which can be found under the URL” https://www.autosteel.org/- / media / files / autosteel / great- designs-in-steel / gdis-2006 / 14— flexible-rolling-of-tailor-rolled-blanks.ashx ”(found on August 2, 2019). Especially in the area of the transition between the different thicknesses With flexible rolling, there is a risk of cracks forming in the Al-based corrosion protection layer.
- the applied weight of the top layer produced according to the invention is 10-500 mg / m 2 .
- a cover layer applied in this thickness to the corrosion protection layer is on the one hand thick enough to effectively prevent the penetration of hydrogen into the corrosion protection coating.
- the cover layer produced according to the invention is so thin that it does not impair the processing properties of a flat steel product produced according to the invention and, in particular, can ensure continued good weldability, adhesive and paint adhesion even on a component formed according to the invention from a flat steel product produced according to the invention.
- As particularly advantageous in this coating weights prove to be of up to 150 mg / m 2, such as 20 to 100 mg / m 2, in particular 30 - 80 mg / m 2. With application weights of less than 10 mg / m 2 , there would not be sufficient coverage to ensure that a sufficiently dense oxide layer is formed from the cover layer previously produced according to the invention during heating to the hot forming temperature and during hot forming.
- the top layer may flake off due to its inherent strength. This can have a particularly negative effect if the flat steel product covered with such a thick cover layer is to be wound into a coil or unwound from a coil.
- a cover layer with an excessively high applied weight would have a disadvantageous effect on all further processing steps of the component thermoformed according to the invention, in particular impairing the suitability for welding, the adhesive adhesion and the painting results.
- These negative effects can be avoided particularly reliably by limiting the applied weight of the cover layer to a maximum of 400 mg / mm 2 , in particular a maximum of 200 mg / mm 2 or a maximum of 150 mg / mm 2 .
- the carrier liquid applied according to the invention for the deposition of the top layer on the corrosion protection layer of the flat steel product can be, for example, an aqueous solution, a dispersion or an emulsion, which is applied to the flat steel product to be cold rolled in addition to the rolling emulsion applied in the conventional manner in the area of a roll stand during cold rolling.
- the carrier liquid can contain a network former and / or a wetting agent in order to promote the formation of a tightly covering, uniformly distributed cover layer on the surface of the anti-corrosion layer.
- a known rolling emulsion containing a rolling oil as the carrier liquid which is applied to the flat steel product in step d) to form the top layer by adding at least one of the compounds of an alkaline earth or transition metal selected according to the invention to modify that the roll emulsion not only improves the friction conditions between the rolls and the flat steel product in the roll gap of the roll stand, but that at the same time the top layer desired according to the invention is also deposited from the roll emulsion.
- the rolling emulsion modified in this way can be applied to the flat steel product in a manner known per se in the inlet area or in the roll gap of the roll stand.
- the flat steel product produced according to the invention can be dried at temperatures of 100-250.degree. C., preferably 100-180.degree. C., before being wound into a coil. Typical drying times suitable for this purpose are> 0 s to 300 s, in particular 10-60 s.
- Cover layers with applied weights as specified by the invention can be produced with carrier liquids in which the at least one compound of an alkaline earth metal or transition metal provided according to the invention is present in a concentration of 10 g / l to 700 g / l, with concentrations of up to to 500 g / l, in particular up to 200 g / l, have proven to be particularly practical.
- concentration ranges are found to be particularly favorable when the carrier liquid is an aqueous solution. Concentrations of 20-90 g / l, in particular 30-80 g / l or 30-70 g / l, have proven to be particularly suitable in practical tests.
- the alkaline earth or transition metals present according to the invention in the top layer of a flat steel product produced according to the invention are present in the carrier liquid as sulfates, phosphates and nitrates or in oxidic form as a dispersion of alkaline earth metal oxide particles.
- Chlorides should not be used due to the possible corrosive attack.
- silicates of the alkaline earth or transition metals there would be the risk that the silicon compound that forms therefrom worsens the behavior of the flat steel product during its further processing. Any fluorine compounds must also be avoided, as they can react to hydrofluoric acid in the hot forming furnace and would damage both people and machines.
- Mg and / or Ca compounds have proven to be particularly favorable for the purposes according to the invention.
- the respective compounds can be used individually or in combination in the Carrier liquid must be present.
- the carrier liquid can contain compounds of two or more alkaline earth or transition metals.
- a network former such as bismuth nitrate, or a wetting agent, for example a surfactant, can also be added to the solvent or carrier medium of the carrier liquid.
- flat steel products produced according to the invention have sheet thicknesses of typically 0.6-6 mm, in particular 0.8-3.8 mm, with sheet thicknesses of 1-3.5 mm, in particular 1.2-3.5 mm, are particularly practical.
- the invention refers to a method for producing a flat steel product which is provided with an anti-corrosion coating based on Al and is suitable for hot forming, in which the risk of hydrogen-induced cracks occurring during hot forming is minimized.
- a flat steel product is provided according to the invention which, in% by weight, consists of C: 0.1-0.4%, Si: 0.05-0.5%, Cr: 0.005-1.0%, Mn: 0 , 5 - 3.0%, B: 0.0005 - 0.01%, as well as optional from V: 0.001 - 0.2%, Ti: 0.001 - 0.1%, Nb: 0.001 - 0.1%, AI: 0.01-0.2%, Ni: 0.01-0.4%, Cu: 0.01-0.8%, Mo: 0.002-1.0%, W: 0.001-1.0% , and the balance consists of iron and unavoidable impurities.
- the flat steel product is coated with an anti-corrosion coating, which consists of Al and unavoidable impurities as well as optional additions of, in% by weight, 3 - 15% Si, 2 - 3.5% Fe and / or a total of 0.05 - 2% at least one alkaline earth and transition metal from the group “Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr and Ti”.
- an anti-corrosion coating which consists of Al and unavoidable impurities as well as optional additions of, in% by weight, 3 - 15% Si, 2 - 3.5% Fe and / or a total of 0.05 - 2% at least one alkaline earth and transition metal from the group “Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr and Ti”.
- a carrier liquid is applied to the anti-corrosion layer in the area of the entry, roll gap or exit of the roll stand, which contains at least one compound of an alkaline earth or transition metal present as sulfate, nitrate, phosphate or oxide, around a top layer with a coating weight of 10 - 500 mg / m 2 to form, which covers 20 - 100% of the surface of the anti-corrosion layer.
- a component produced according to the invention and obtained by hot forming consequently has a steel substrate which, in% by weight, C: 0.1-0.4%, Si:
- V 0.001-0.2%
- Ti 0.001 - 0.1%
- Nb 0.001 - 0.1%
- AI 0.01 - 0.2%
- Ni 0.01 - 0.4%
- Cu 0.01 - 0.8%
- Mo 0.002-1.0%
- W 0.001-1.0%
- the remainder consists of iron and unavoidable impurities, with the unavoidable impurities having contents of less than 0.1% P, less than 0.05% S and of less than 0.01% N and the total content of impurities is preferably limited to less than 0.2% by weight.
- a corrosion protection layer is present on the steel substrate, which consists of aluminum and unavoidable impurities as well as optional additions of, in% by weight, 3 - 15% Si, 2 - 3.5% Fe and / or a total of 0.05 - 2% of at least one alkaline earth and transition metal from the group “Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr and Ti” consists.
- a cover layer consisting of oxides of at least one alkaline earth metal or transition metal, the cover layer thus produced on the anti-corrosion layer having a coating weight of 10-500 mg / m 2 and covering 20-100% of the surface of the anti-corrosion layer.
- the flat steel product was provided with a corrosion protection layer in a conventional manner by hot-dip coating.
- the flat steel product was passed through a molten bath, which consisted of 9.5% silicon, 1% iron and 0.3% magnesium and the remainder of aluminum and unavoidable impurities.
- the flat steel product coated in this way with an aluminum-based anti-corrosion layer has been partially rolled in a cold rolling process and has been given three width sections with a width of 30 cm each.
- the thickness of the flat steel product was 2.25 mm, in the area of the second width section lying next to it 1.75 mm and in the area of the third width section lying next to it 1.35 mm.
- a carrier liquid was applied to the flat steel product at the inlet of the rolling stand applied, which consisted of a roller emulsion which, in addition to the components customary for such roller emulsions in the prior art, additionally contained 50 g / l magnesium nitrate.
- a carrier liquid in the form of an aqueous solution in which 50 g / l magnesium nitrate was dissolved in water was also applied in the running direction of the flat steel product in front of the roll stand by means of a conventional spray device. This type of application resulted in a magnesium-containing cover layer being formed on the corrosion protection layer exactly where even the slightest damage occurred in the rolling process.
- blanks have been separated from the flat steel product, which are heated for austenitizing in a furnace in a conventional manner under ambient atmosphere to a hot forming temperature of 840 - 950 ° C, in particular 930 ° C, over a period of up to 1 - 600 s and then in a conventional forming tool have been hot-formed into a component.
- the hydrogen uptake of the flat steel product occurring in the process was reduced by 20% compared to hot-formed flat steel products which had the same composition and aluminum coating.
- Samples V1-V5 of these flat steel products were hot-dip coated in a conventional manner with different anti-corrosion coatings based on Al.
- the composition of the melt baths A1 - A4 used for this is given in Table 3.
- Table 4 shows for samples V1 - V5 which of the steels A - E they consisted of, which molten bath they passed through and which applied weight AGJK had their corrosion protection layer.
- the samples V1-V5 coated in this way were subjected to a cold rolling process in which they were cold-rolled to a sheet thickness BD.
- a carrier liquid was applied to each of the samples V1-V5 which, in addition to the respective solvent or dispersant, each contained 50 g / l Mg nitrate. .
- the applied weight AG_D and the degree of coverage BG of the cover layer formed on them from the carrier liquid were determined on the finished cold-rolled samples V1-V5.
- Table 4 also shows the respective solvent or dispersion medium L / D of the carrier liquid, the applied weight AG_D, the sheet thickness BD after cold rolling and the degree of coverage BG for tests V1-V5.
- the content of the diffusible hydrogen H_dif present in the steel substrate of the component obtained after the hot forming was then determined.
- the weldability of the components is also determined in accordance with SEP 1220-2 (as of 2011) and the fraction of the fracture surface when glued using the structural adhesive Betamate 1485-S, which is offered by DOW Chemicals (see EC safety data sheet for the product BM 1485S Base-Material , published by Dow Chemical Company Ltd, as of 2012/01/11, printing date May 23, 2012), according to SEP 1220-S in the preliminary version from 2016 and the paint adhesion according to DIN ISO 20567-1B + C.
- Table 5 The results of these investigations are summarized in Table 5.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019128238.1A DE102019128238A1 (de) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stahlflachprodukts und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils daraus |
| PCT/EP2020/079225 WO2021074388A1 (de) | 2019-10-18 | 2020-10-16 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines stahlflachprodukts und verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils daraus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4045314A1 true EP4045314A1 (de) | 2022-08-24 |
| EP4045314B1 EP4045314B1 (de) | 2023-09-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20793343.3A Active EP4045314B1 (de) | 2019-10-18 | 2020-10-16 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines stahlflachprodukts und verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils daraus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4045314B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019128238A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021074388A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117721381A (zh) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江正达新材料科技有限公司 | 一种分体式中间包喷射成型军民两用高强硼钢及热处理工艺 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4339324A1 (de) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-20 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Stahlflachprodukt mit einer aktivierungsschicht für die warmumformung |
| DE102023114525A1 (de) * | 2023-06-02 | 2024-12-05 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Stahlflachprodukt mit unterschiedlichen Dicken |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2780984B1 (fr) | 1998-07-09 | 2001-06-22 | Lorraine Laminage | Tole d'acier laminee a chaud et a froid revetue et comportant une tres haute resistance apres traitement thermique |
| DE102011001140A1 (de) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Stahlflachprodukt, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stahlflachprodukts und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils |
| JP5692152B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-25 | 2015-04-01 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 熱間プレス用Al系めっき鋼板とその熱間プレス方法及び高強度自動車部品 |
| EP2993248B1 (de) | 2014-09-05 | 2020-06-24 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Stahlflachprodukt mit einer Al-Beschichtung, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung, und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmgeformten Bauteils |
| EP2995674B1 (de) * | 2014-09-11 | 2020-07-15 | thyssenkrupp AG | Verwendung eines Sulfats sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stahlbauteils durch Umformen in einer Umformmaschine |
| TWI655320B (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2019-04-01 | 日商新日鐵住金股份有限公司 | 熔融鋅系鍍敷鋼板 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-18 DE DE102019128238.1A patent/DE102019128238A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2020
- 2020-10-16 EP EP20793343.3A patent/EP4045314B1/de active Active
- 2020-10-16 WO PCT/EP2020/079225 patent/WO2021074388A1/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117721381A (zh) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江正达新材料科技有限公司 | 一种分体式中间包喷射成型军民两用高强硼钢及热处理工艺 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019128238A1 (de) | 2021-04-22 |
| WO2021074388A1 (de) | 2021-04-22 |
| EP4045314B1 (de) | 2023-09-27 |
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