EP4028192A1 - Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant - Google Patents

Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant

Info

Publication number
EP4028192A1
EP4028192A1 EP20774908.6A EP20774908A EP4028192A1 EP 4028192 A1 EP4028192 A1 EP 4028192A1 EP 20774908 A EP20774908 A EP 20774908A EP 4028192 A1 EP4028192 A1 EP 4028192A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
tool
countersink
movement
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20774908.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Beer
Bernhard Borschert
Thomas Funk
Dietmar Hechtle
Manuel LEONHARD
Lukas PÖRNER
Martin Steinbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH and Co KG Fabrik fuer Praezisionswerkzeuge
Original Assignee
Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH and Co KG Fabrik fuer Praezisionswerkzeuge
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH and Co KG Fabrik fuer Praezisionswerkzeuge filed Critical Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH and Co KG Fabrik fuer Praezisionswerkzeuge
Publication of EP4028192A1 publication Critical patent/EP4028192A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
    • B23G1/16—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor in holes of workpieces by taps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/10—Bits for countersinking
    • B23B51/102—Back spot-facing or chamfering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G5/00—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads
    • B23G5/18—Milling cutters
    • B23G5/182—Milling cutters combined with other tools
    • B23G5/186—Milling cutters combined with other tools combined with chamfering tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G5/00—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads
    • B23G5/18—Milling cutters
    • B23G5/182—Milling cutters combined with other tools
    • B23G5/186—Milling cutters combined with other tools combined with chamfering tools
    • B23G5/188—Milling cutters combined with other tools combined with chamfering tools and with drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G5/00—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads
    • B23G5/20—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads combined with other tools, e.g. drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C2220/00—Details of milling processes
    • B23C2220/16—Chamferring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2200/00—Details of threading tools
    • B23G2200/14—Multifunctional threading tools
    • B23G2200/143—Tools comprising means for drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2200/00—Details of threading tools
    • B23G2200/14—Multifunctional threading tools
    • B23G2200/148—Tools having means for countersinking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2210/00—Details of threads produced
    • B23G2210/04—Internal threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2240/00—Details of equipment for threading other than threading tools, details of the threading process
    • B23G2240/36—Methods of threading not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a through thread, in particular a through thread hole.
  • a thread has a helical or helical thread turn with a constant thread pitch and can be produced as an internal thread or as an external thread.
  • a core hole (or: a core hole) is usually first generated in the workpiece, which can in particular be a through hole, and then the thread is generated in the inner wall of the core hole.
  • the core hole with a thread is also referred to as a threaded hole.
  • Chip-removing thread generation is based on the removal of material from the workpiece material in the area of the thread.
  • Non-cutting thread generation is based on reshaping the workpiece and generating the thread turn in the workpiece by pressure.
  • a tap is a thread cutting tool whose cutting or thread deschneidzähne are arranged along an external thread under the thread pitch of the thread to be generated.
  • the thread drill When creating the thread, the thread drill is moved into a cylindrical core hole in a workpiece with a feed that is axial to the tool axis and while rotating around its tool axis at a rotational speed dependent on the axial feed rate according to the thread pitch, the tool axis of the tap being moved coaxially to the center axis of the core hole is aligned and its cutting edges are permanently in engagement with the workpiece on the core hole wall (continuous cut), so that a continuous thread is created on the core hole wall.
  • Typical geometries of a tap with the usual chamfer area are described in the EMUGE manual, chapter 8, pages 250 and 251 and 284 and 285.
  • the thread cutting teeth In the cutting direction, in cross section perpendicular to the helix, the thread cutting teeth have a cutting profile or active profile on the outer edge and then inwardly a rake face and on the opposite to the cutting direction the tooth back has free surfaces or clearance angles so that there is no contact and therefore no friction with the workpiece takes place.
  • a typical distribution of the individual thread action profiles of the thread cutting teeth ground at an angle in the chamfer area with the corresponding chip distribution is shown in the EMUGE manual, chapter 9, page 322.
  • the non-cutting thread generation tools include the so-called thread defurchers (see EMUGE manual, chapter 9, pages 299 to 324) and, only for external threads, the thread rolling tools (see EMUGE manual, chapter 11, pages 373 to 404).
  • Thread formers are threading tools with an approximately spiral or screw-shaped circumferential thread profile, along which several press studs (also as Shaped teeth, furrow teeth or shaped wedges are arranged, which are formed by offset, further outwardly protruding and generally rounded polygonal corner regions of an approximately polygonal cross section of the thread flute.
  • the thread former When creating the thread, the thread former is moved into a cylindrical core hole in a workpiece, similar to the thread tap, with feed axial to the tool axis and rotating around its tool axis, the tool axis of the tap being aligned coaxially with the central axis of the core hole.
  • the rotation speed and the axial feed speed are matched to each other according to the thread pitch.
  • the press studs of the thread former are permanently in engagement with the workpiece on the core hole wall and press the thread turn into the core hole wall through plastic deformation, so that a continuous thread is created on the core hole wall.
  • Typical geometries of a thread tapping machine with the usual tapping area are described in the EMUGE Flandbuch, Chapter 9, pages 308 and 309.
  • Taps and taps work with an exclusively axial feed or working movement with a rotational movement around their own tool axis that is synchronized according to the thread pitch.
  • the direction of rotation of the tap and the thread former when creating the thread corresponds to the direction of the thread to be created.
  • the tool is braked and brought to a standstill at a reversal point.
  • the braking before reaching the reversing or the reversal point is normally brought about by reducing the axial feed rate and speed to a value of 0, which is synchronized according to the constant thread pitch.
  • combination tools are known in various designs with which a threaded hole in the solid material of the workpiece, ie without prior drilling of a core hole, is generated with the same tool in one work step.
  • BGF drill thread milling cutter
  • ZBGF circular drill thread milling cutter
  • edges in particular sharp edges, protrusions and burrs can occur at the beginning and end of the thread, which impair the desired proper function and use of the thread, so that, for example, damage to the thread, workpiece or a screw to be screwed in can occur .
  • a countersink in particular as a chamfer or undercut, can be used on the workpiece sides or at least can be added to at least one workpiece side.
  • a separate work step and / or a separate tool is required for this purpose.
  • the invention is therefore based on the knowledge that with known methods and tools to remove these edges, in particular sharp edges, overhangs and burrs, additional operations and / or a separate tool are required, which lead to increased work and tool costs.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for producing a through thread, in particular a through threaded hole, where the through thread can be produced together with a threaded hole in the solid material or in an already produced core hole in the workpiece.
  • the load on the work tool by axial forces during countersinking in which, for example, a circumferential groove can be formed, should preferably be further reduced or at least as small as possible in the method.
  • Embodiments and objects according to the invention suitable for solving this problem are specified in the claims, which are directed to a method for generating a through thread, in particular a through threaded hole, in particular with the features of independent claim 1, and a tool.
  • each feature of a claim category for example a method, can also be claimed in another claim category, for example a device.
  • each feature in the claims regardless of their back-references, can be claimed in any combination with one or more other feature (s) in the claims.
  • each feature that is described or disclosed in the description or drawing can be used individually, independently or separately from the context in which it stands, alone or in any combination with one or more other features that are stated in the claims or is or is described or disclosed in the specification or drawing.
  • the method according to the invention is provided for producing a through thread, in particular a through threaded hole, with a predetermined thread pitch and with a predetermined thread profile with at least one countersink in a workpiece by means of a tool, a) in which the tool, in particular by a turning device, is rotated by a the tool axis running along the tool is rotatable and axially movable to the tool axis, b) the tool successively in the direction of its end face bl) a shank area, in particular for coupling to the rotating device, b2) at least one neck area, in particular with one or two flute and / or spiral groove areas, for the removal of chips, b3) a thread generating area with a thread generating means for generating the through thread and b4) having an end area with the end face, c) the thread generating means in a screwing-in movement in order to generate the through thread is moved through the workpiece in an axial forward direction from a first workpiece side to a second
  • the phrase “in the direction of its end face” preferably means a direction from the shank area to the front area and / or a direction along the tool axis from the shank area to the front area.
  • frontal preferably means an arrangement in the frontal area and / or on the frontal side and / or in the direction of the frontal side and / or in the direction of the frontal area.
  • shaft side preferably means an arrangement in the shaft area and / or on the shaft side and / or in the direction, in particular along the tool axis, to the shaft side and / or in the direction, in particular along the tool axis, to the shaft region.
  • a naturalgangsge thread can be generated within a single operation and with the help of a single work tool. In this way, a through thread can be produced more cheaply and / or faster and / or more easily and / or more precisely.
  • a through thread in the context of the invention is understood to mean in particular an internal thread that extends completely through the workpiece, in particular from one workpiece side to the opposite workpiece side and / or from one / the first workpiece side to one / the second workpiece side.
  • the through thread in the sense of the invention has a countersink, which can in particular be cylindrical or conical.
  • a screwing-in movement within the meaning of the invention is to be understood in particular as a movement of the tool by means of which the through thread is generated, in particular by moving the thread generating means along a helical line.
  • the production of the through thread can in particular take place by cutting, milling, furrowing and / or pressing, and thus in particular as thread cutting, thread milling, thread grooving and / or threading.
  • a countersink movement within the meaning of the invention is to be understood in particular as a movement of the tool by means of which a countersink is generated, preferably a rotary movement, a circular movement and / or a movement along a circular line and / or a circular movement and / or a rotational movement around a single axis.
  • the countersinking movement is preferably carried out without an axial advance and / or with an axial advance which is reduced with respect to the screwing-in movement.
  • a circular movement within the meaning of the invention is in particular a movement of the tool in which the tool axis is deflected from the threaded center axis by a predetermined radius, and the tool is moved on a circular path with the predetermined radius around the thread center axis, the tool is also rotated around its tool axis.
  • An unscrewing movement within the meaning of the invention is to be understood in particular as a movement of the tool by means of which the thread generating means and thus the tool as a whole are moved out of the through thread, again in particular by moving the thread generating means along at least substantially the same helical line, preferably along the same helix as during the screwing-in movement so as not to destroy the previously created thread.
  • the unscrewing movement is preferably carried out in the opposite direction compared to the screwing in movement.
  • the thread generating means is moved in the axial forward direction through the workpiece from a first position on a first workpiece side to a second position on a second, the first opposite workpiece side, so that on the second Position the end face protrudes from the workpiece, and the thread generating means is moved along a first line through the workpiece, which is a helical line.
  • the thread profile is preferably moved in a rotary movement from the second position along a second line that differs from the first line to a third position or back to the second position.
  • the thread generating means is preferably moved back in the unscrewing movement from the second position or from the third position through the workpiece along the first line to the first position in the axial backward direction.
  • a movement or movement through the workpiece along a first line is understood to mean, in particular, a movement or movement along a helical line and / or along a helix and / or along a cylindrical spiral and / or along a helix.
  • a helix can in particular have a constant first slope.
  • a movement along a second line that differs from the first line is understood to mean, in particular, a movement along a line which, for example, has a constant second slope that differs from the first slope, and in particular is less than the first slope .
  • the second slope can also have the value zero.
  • the screwing-in movement preferably comprises a rotational movement of the tool with a predetermined direction of rotation about the tool axis and an axial feed movement in the axial forward direction axially to the tool axis, synchronized according to the thread pitch with the rotational movement, such that a full rotation of the tool around the tool axis results in an axial feed of the tool by the specified thread pitch.
  • this is done in such a way that the thread generating means for generating the through thread is moved on a first line through the workpiece, the first line being a helical line.
  • the second line comprises a second helical line in the axial forward direction and / or in the backward direction, so that a full revolution of the tool around the tool axis corresponds to less than an axial advance of the tool by the predetermined thread pitch, or the second line comprises a circular movement with at least one essentially constant axial feed.
  • the load on the work tool by axial forces during countersinking in which, for example, a circumferential groove can be formed, can be further reduced or at least as small as possible.
  • This can in particular take place in that the speed of the tool is kept at least partially constant to the speed during the screwing-in movement and / or during the screwing-out movement when countersinking.
  • a tapping stroke and then a reversing stroke in the opposite direction can take place.
  • the tapping stroke on the one hand, the main cutting edge can generate the core hole and, on the other hand, the thread profile can generate the internal thread on the inner wall of the core hole until it reaches the second workpiece side.
  • the tapping stroke is carried out in particular in the case of a tapping feed with a synchronized speed of the tapping tool.
  • the tapping Tool in a reversing direction out of the threaded hole who led the, preferably with the opposite reversing feed and thus synchronized reversing speed. This can ensure that the thread profile of the tapping tool is moved load-free in the thread of the internal thread.
  • the thread generation area comprises the thread generation means.
  • the thread generation area can in particular be arranged on and / or near the end face.
  • the thread generating means can comprise one, in particular exactly one thread turn.
  • the thread generating means is preferably interrupted by at least one flute. This in particular enables or facilitates the removal of chips that arise.
  • the thread generating means preferably has at least one thread tooth, which is designed and arranged to be adapted to the predetermined thread pitch, and has an active profile which corresponds to the thread profile of the through thread.
  • the at least one thread tooth cuts the thread into the workpiece.
  • the at least one thread tooth is preferably moved on the helical line through the workpiece during the screwing movement.
  • the thread profile can be formed with at least one thread cutting tooth.
  • the tooth height of the cutting tooth is preferably dimensioned in the radial direction in such a way that the cutting tooth projects beyond the main cutting edge in the radial direction outward by a radial offset. If necessary, the cutting tooth can extend the main cutting edge flush outwards in the radial direction.
  • the cutting tooth viewed in the axial direction, can be arranged behind the main cutting edge by an axial offset.
  • the at least one neck area has a first neck area and a second neck area.
  • the first neck region has a first neck diameter and the second neck region has a second neck diameter. The first neck diameter is preferably larger than the second neck diameter.
  • a first conical area is preferably arranged between the neck area and the thread generating area.
  • a second conical area is preferably arranged between the first neck area and the second neck area.
  • the first conical area tapers the neck diameter of the tool in the direction of the end face.
  • the second conical area widens the neck diameter of the tool in the direction of the face.
  • the front area can in particular comprise a drilling area for drilling a through-hole.
  • the drilling area comprises at least two face and / or main cutting edges, a guide area preferably being formed on their outer sides.
  • the guide area can in particular be designed in the manner of a cylinder.
  • the two front and / or main cutting edges can each interrupt the guide area.
  • the second neck area has a smaller diameter than the guide area of the drilling area. This enables in particular the execution of a circular movement through the tool, by means of which a first countersink is made on the second workpiece side by means of a first countersinking means and / or a second countersinking is or can be made on the first workpiece side by means of a second countersinking means.
  • the first conical area by means of which the diameter in the guide area is reduced to the diameter in the second neck area, is preferably arranged between the second neck area and the guide area of the drilling area. It is particularly advantageous if the diameter of the second neck region is reduced by more than twice the radius by which the tool axis of the tool is deflected from the thread center axis during a circular movement compared to the diameter of the guide region of the drilling region.
  • the second neck area can have a smaller diameter than the thread generating area. This also makes it possible, in particular, to execute a circular movement through the tool.
  • the through hole, the through thread and the at least one countersink are or will be produced in one operation by means of the same tool, in particular by a feed movement in the forward direction on the helical line, a countersink immediately following it and an immediately following backward movement in the backward direction direction on the helix.
  • exactly two, exactly three, at least two or at least three drill bodies run parallel to the tool axis or spirally with a twist angle around the tool axis, which are separated from one another by flutes.
  • the flutes can extend from the front and / or main cutting edges through the thread generating area and the at least one groove or neck area, so that chips can be transported away from the front and / or main cutting edges to the rear.
  • a first countersinking means comprises the first conical area and / or the thread generation area, wherein in particular the first conical area can merge directly into the thread generation area.
  • the countersink can be formed exclusively by the thread generating area.
  • a first countersink is formed by the first conical area on the tool.
  • a second countersink is formed by the second conical area on the tool.
  • the distance between the first and second countersinking means corresponds essentially to the thickness of the workpiece.
  • a through hole is simultaneously made.
  • the through-thread is produced in a through-hole.
  • the first position is preferably arranged at an entry point into the workpiece and / or the second position is arranged at an exit point from the workpiece.
  • the countersink movement is or comprises a circular movement by means of which a first countersink is produced on the second workpiece side by means of a first countersink.
  • the countersinking movement is or comprises a circular movement by means of which a first countersink is produced on the second workpiece side by means of a first countersinking means and a second countersinking is produced on the first workpiece side by means of a second countersinking means.
  • the tool axis of the tool is preferably deflected by a predetermined radius from the thread center axis during the circular movement, and the work tool is moved on a circular path with the predetermined radius around the thread center axis, the tool also being rotated about its tool axis.
  • a first countersink through the first conical area on the tool and by means of the second countersink takes place at the same time during the countersink movement by means of the first countersink means a second countersink through the second conical area on the tool.
  • the countersink is conical, with a maximum paint diameter that is greater than the maximum diameter of the thread profile or equal to the maximum diameter of the thread profile.
  • the countersink produces a chamfer, in particular on the first and / or second workpiece side and / or at the beginning and / or end of the through thread.
  • the countersinking movement is or comprises a movement of the thread generating means and / or of the tool along a circular line, by means of which an in particular cylindrical countersinking is produced on the first workpiece side by means of a / the first countersinking means.
  • the countersink movement can be a non-screw movement by means of which a countersink is produced on the second workpiece side.
  • the feed rate is preferably reduced at least temporarily during the countersinking movement, in particular such that the feed rate during one revolution of the tool is less than the predefined thread pitch.
  • This embodiment is at least comparatively easy to implement, because only the advance of the tool needs to be adjusted, but the speed of the tool can preferably remain constant, and no separate tool area is required for producing the countersink.
  • the countersinking takes place in the forward direction and / or in the backward direction and / or as a backward countersink.
  • the end face is preferably moved in the forward direction from the second position to the third position, and the second and third positions each lie on the or a helical line.
  • the end face is moved from the second position to the third position in the rearward direction, and the second and third positions each lie on the helical line.
  • the end face can be moved in the forward direction from the second position to the third position and then again in the backward direction to the second position.
  • the countersink is cylindrical, with a diameter that is greater than the maximum diameter or equal to the maximum diameter of the thread profile.
  • the countersink is preferably produced on the first and / or second workpiece side and / or at the beginning and / or end of the through thread.
  • each position of the tool is assigned at least one advance and one angle of rotation.
  • a position can in particular be defined by an angle of rotation, a linear displacement in the axial direction and, in particular, a radial deflection of the tool with the tool axis from the thread center axis.
  • the invention further relates to a tool, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, with an end face, comprising, in the direction of its end face, one shank area one after the other, in particular for coupling to the rotating device, at least one neck area, in particular with one or two flute and / or spiral groove areas, for the removal of chips, a thread generating area with a thread generating means for generating the through thread and an end area with the end face.
  • the tool for carrying out the method and / or according to the invention can comprise a thread cutter, a thread milling cutter, a thread former and / or a tap.
  • the tool for carrying out the method can in particular be a monolithic tool.
  • the tool in one embodiment, including its thread generating area, in particular including its thread generating means, is designed in one piece.
  • the thread generating means can in particular be one or more thread cutting teeth that are integrally and / or monolithically connected to the tool. In particular, this can increase the stability of the tool.
  • the tool together with its thread cutting teeth can be designed in one piece, with the thread cutting teeth preferably generating both the through thread and forming the at least one countersink.
  • the rotating device is or preferably comprises a CNC machine and / or a machine tool, in particular with a CNC control.
  • a combined tool which is rotatable about a tool axis running through the tool and can be moved axially to the tool axis and which has a drilling area at a front or free end and a thread generating area which is axially offset to the tool axis relative to the drilling area and extends radially to the tool axis further outwards than the drilling area.
  • the drilling area of the tool generates a through hole in the workpiece and the thread generating area creates a thread in the surface of this through hole that runs below the predetermined thread pitch.
  • the method according to the invention enables both the thread and the at least one countersink, and also preferably the associated bore, to be produced in a single operation and with the aid of a single tool.
  • this enables the number of different tools to be kept available to be reduced.
  • the time required to produce the thread with the at least one countersink and preferably the associated bore is reduced.
  • the method according to the invention enables both the thread and two countersinks on both sides of the workpiece, and also preferably the associated bore, to be produced in a single operation and with the aid of a single tool.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible in a preferred embodiment that the thread generating means is also the countersinking means.
  • the countersink can even be produced by reducing the feed rate of the tool.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce one or two conical or cylindrical countersinks in this one work step.
  • the thread generating means has a rotational contour.
  • the rotation contour can form a cutting contour for the at least one countersink.
  • the rotation contour can be an envelope curve and / or form the envelope contour, wherein the envelope curve and / or envelope contour is / are formed by countersunk cutting.
  • An envelope curve and / or envelope contour and / or rotation contour is in particular the envelope curve and / or envelope contour and / or rotation contour and / or contour that results when the tool rotates about its tool axis.
  • the end area comprises a drilling area for drilling a through hole.
  • the drilling area preferably comprises at least two face and / or main cutting edges, in particular on at least two drilling bodies, for generating the through-hole, which extend into the thread-generating area for generating the through-thread.
  • Flutes preferably extend between the face and / or main cutting edges through the thread generation area and into the at least one groove or neck area.
  • the at least two front and / or main cutting edges on the outer diameter form, in at least one embodiment, the countersunk cutting edges and / or the rotary contour.
  • the tool in particular the thread generating means, is preferably designed in such a way that it has or generates an at least substantially closed envelope curve and / or the envelope contour.
  • the tool is designed in such a way that it has a closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour or it generates.
  • the tool has at least three front and / or main cutting edges, in particular at least four front and / or main cutting edges, preferably at least five front and / or main cutting edges.
  • the countersink has a countersink angle that is greater than 25 ° and less than 60 °, preferably between 30 ° and 45 °, in particular at least substantially 30 °.
  • the envelope curve and / or envelope contour is preferably formed by at least one first face and / or main cutting edge, in particular a first shank-side thread cutting tooth, as a first countersink cutting edge and a second front and / or main cutting edge, in particular a second shank-side thread cutting tooth, as a second countersinking edge which, in particular, jointly form a closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour during rotation.
  • the envelope curve and / or envelope contour is preferably formed by at least one first face and / or main cutting edge, in particular a first thread cutting tooth, as a first countersink cutting edge and a second front and / or main cutting edge, in particular a second thread cutting tooth, as a second countersinking cutting edge, which in particular together form a closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour during rotation.
  • the thread generating means comprises at least one shank-side thread cutting tooth or at least two shank-side thread cutting teeth and at least one face thread cutting tooth, in particular on each face and / or main cutting edge and / or on each drill body.
  • the at least one shank-side thread cutting tooth or the at least two shank-side thread cutting teeth and the at least one stirnsei term thread cutting tooth are arranged directly one behind the other or one after the other, in particular along the tool axis.
  • the at least one shank-side thread cutting tooth or the at least two shank-side thread cutting teeth is / are at least essentially intended to form the at least one countersink and the at least one end-face thread cutting tooth is at least essentially intended to produce the through thread.
  • the envelope curve and / or envelope contour preferably runs at least essentially and / or partially conically.
  • the first, preferably shank-side, thread cutting tooth and the second, preferably shank-side, thread cutting tooth are ground off opposite the other thread cutting teeth of the face and / or main cutting edges in such a way that the envelope curve and / or envelope contour of the first thread cutting tooth the innermost ring of the forms at least one countersink with the countersink angle and that the envelope curve and / or envelope contour of the second Ge thread cutting tooth the second innermost ring surrounding the innermost ring forms at least one countersink with the countersink angle, the second innermost ring directly surrounding the innermost ring of the at least one countersink and so preferably at least partially forms the conical countersink.
  • the countersink means can be formed exclusively by the thread generating area, preferably by the thread generating means.
  • the thread generating means preferably forms the countersink means.
  • the thread can be generated with the help of the frontal thread cutting teeth, the shank-side thread cutting teeth not or at least not primarily used to cut the thread, since they are ground to along their circumference. Nevertheless, depending on the depth, these thread cutting teeth can also recut the thread flanks, as can generally be the case with rear thread cutting teeth.
  • the thread cutting teeth on the shank side can also contribute to the axial guidance of the thread drill in the area of the thread flanks, again in a similar way to the rear thread cutting teeth.
  • all thread cutting teeth, including the thread cutting teeth forming the countersinking means jointly form the thread generating means, wherein in particular all thread cutting teeth contribute or can contribute to the formation of the thread.
  • the thread cutting teeth are preferably arranged on the front and / or main cutting edges, in particular on each front and / or main cutting edge.
  • the thread cutting teeth are integral with the face and / or main cutting edges.
  • the thread cutting teeth are preferably arranged on the drill bodies, in particular on each drill body.
  • the thread cutting teeth are integral with the drill bodies.
  • At least one or each face and / or main cutting edge has one or more, in particular axially arranged one behind the other, thread cutting teeth, which together both form the countersink and generate the thread, in particular cut the thread.
  • the countersinking means is formed jointly by a plurality of thread cutting teeth, in particular arranged axially one behind the other.
  • the thread cutting teeth along one or each face and / o the main cutting edge are designed so that they form the course of the thread in the axial direction, in particular its inner flanks and / or outer flanks, over at least two thread turns or over at least three thread turns.
  • the thread generating means in particular a plurality of thread cutting teeth of the thread generating means together, generates the through thread in the insertion movement.
  • the thread cutting teeth are preferably connected in one piece with a drill body and / or a face and / or main cutting edge, with in particular several thread cutting teeth on several or all drill bodies and / or face and / or main cutting edges jointly generating the through thread in the insertion movement .
  • the thread generating means in particular a plurality of thread cutting teeth of the thread generating means together, generates the countersink in the countersinking movement.
  • the thread cutting teeth are preferably each connected in one piece to a drill body and / or a face and / or main cutting edge, with in particular several thread cutting teeth on several or all drill bodies and / or face and / or main cutting edges jointly generating the countersink in the countersink movement.
  • the countersinking movement is carried out.
  • the tool is preferably moved back to the second position or end position of the screwing-in movement or at least a defined position on this thread path so that, starting from this position, the tool can be unscrewed again on the, in particular the same, thread path.
  • a CNC machine and / or a machine tool in particular with a CNC controller, is programmed and / or controlled in such a way that the method according to the invention, in particular the insertion movement, the lowering movement and the unscrewing movement, follow one another in time and / or synchronized with one another with regard to the tool positions.
  • the CNC machine and / or machine tool in particular with a CNC control, preferably moves the tool, which in turn generates the through thread and the at least one countersink.
  • a CNC machine and / or a machine tool in particular with a CNC controller, is programmed and / or controlled in such a way that it has the through-hole, the through-thread and the at least one ansen- kung is generated in one operation by means of the same tool and in particular carries out a drilling movement, the insertion movement, the countersink movement and the unscrewing movement in immediate succession and / or with respect to the tool position, preferably with respect to the axial advance and angle of rotation of the tool, synchronized with one another.
  • Such a method preferably enables a considerable gain in efficiency in the production of a through thread with a countersink, or it can make this possible, since all production steps can be carried out in a single operation.
  • the synchronization of the movements can be improved in particular, since the respective tool positions of the CNC machine and / or a machine tool or its control are known or at least can be known within a single operation.
  • the quality of the through thread can preferably also be improved in this way, also because the tool is only screwed in and unscrewed once.
  • the screwing-in movement is first carried out by means of the tool, then a circular movement as a countersinking movement, and finally the unscrewing movement.
  • the CNC machine and / or machine tool is programmed or controlled in such a way that it executes these movements in immediate succession and / or in a synchronized manner with regard to the tool positions.
  • FIG la to II a combined drilling and thread generating tool in the generation of a through threaded hole according to a first embodiment
  • FIGS. 2a to 2m show a combined drilling and thread generating tool when generating a through threaded hole according to a second embodiment
  • FIGS. 3a to 31 show a combined drilling and thread generating tool when generating a through threaded hole according to a third embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows the end section of the graph shown in FIG. 4 in the forward movement as a braking process
  • FIG. 6 shows the end section of the graph shown in FIG. 4 in the backward movement as an acceleration process, and in its
  • FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 show rotational contours which are formed by the face and / or face cutting edges or thread generating means, each of which is shown schematically. Corresponding parts and sizes are provided with the same reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 3, although not all reference numerals are shown in each figure for the sake of clarity.
  • the series of figures 1 to 3 each show a method for generating a through thread, in particular a through threaded hole 163, 263, 363 with a predetermined thread pitch 172, 272, 372 and with a predetermined thread profile 171, 271, 371 with at least one countersink 164, 264, 364; 262 in a workpiece 150, 250, 350 by means of a tool 100, 200, 300.
  • the tool 100, 200, 300 is, in particular by a rotating device, rotatable about a tool axis A running through the tool and axially movable to the tool axis.
  • the tool has, in the direction of its end face 120, 220, 320, one after the other a shank area 211, in particular for coupling to the rotating device, At least one neck area 112, 212, 312, in particular with one or two chip groove and / or spiral groove areas, for removing chips, a thread generating area 116, 216, 316 with a thread generating means for generating the through thread 163, 263, 363 and an end area 117, 217, 317 with the end face 120, 220, 320 on.
  • the thread generating means is screwed in an axial forward direction VR through the workpiece 150, 250, 350 from a first position Pli, P21, P31 on a first workpiece side to a second position P12, P22, P32 moved through on a second, the first opposite workpiece side, so that at the second position P12, P22, P32 the end face protrudes from the workpiece, and the thread generating means is moved through the workpiece along a first line, which is a helical line.
  • the thread profile 171, 271, 371 is rotated from the second position P12, P22, P32 along a second line that differs from the first line to a third position P13, P23 , P33 or moved back to the second position P12, P22, P32.
  • the thread generating means is screwed out from the second position P12, P22, P32, or from the third position P13, P23, P33, through the workpiece along the first line to the first position Pli, P21, P31 in the axial direction Backward direction RR moved back.
  • the screwing-in movement comprises a rotary movement of the tool 100, 200, 300 with a predetermined direction of rotation about the tool axis A and an axial forward feed movement V in the axial forward direction VR axially to the tool axis A, which is synchronized with the rotary movement according to the thread pitch 172, 272, 372, such as that one full revolution of the tool 100, 200, 300 around the work tool axis A corresponds to an axial advance of the tool by the predetermined thread pitch 172, 272, 372.
  • This is done in such a way that the thread generating means for generating the through thread 163, 263, 363 is moved on a first line through the workpiece, the first line being a helical line.
  • the second line comprises or is in the embodiments according to FIG. la to II and 2a to lm a circular movement with an at least substantially constant axial feed.
  • the thread generation area comprises the thread generation means 116, 216, 316, which is arranged in particular on and / or near the end face 120, 220, 320, the thread generation means comprising one, in particular precisely one, thread turn.
  • the thread generating means is interrupted by at least one flute.
  • the thread generating means 116, 216, 316 has at least one thread tooth, in particular a plurality of thread teeth, which is or are designed and arranged to be adapted to the predefined thread pitch.
  • the thread generating means 116, 216, 316 furthermore has an active profile which corresponds to the thread profile of the through thread, with the at least one thread tooth in particular cutting the thread into the workpiece.
  • the at least one thread tooth is moved through the workpiece on the helical line during the screwing-in movement.
  • the neck area 212, 214 according to FIG. 2a to 2m has a first neck area 212 and a second neck area 214 in the direction of the forehead area 217.
  • the first neck region 212 has a first neck diameter and the second neck region 214 has a second neck diameter. In the embodiment, the first neck diameter is larger than the second neck diameter.
  • a first conical area 215 is arranged between the neck area 214 and the thread generating area 216.
  • a second conical area 213 is arranged between the first neck area 212 and the second neck area 214.
  • the first conical area 215 widens the neck diameter of the tool in the direction of the front side and the second conical area 213 tapers the neck diameter of the tool 200 in the direction of the front side.
  • the end area 117, 217, 317 comprises a drilling area for drilling a through-hole.
  • the drilling area comprises at least two front and / or main cutting edges, on the outer sides of which according to FIG. 2a, a guide area 218 is formed.
  • the guide area 218 can in particular be designed in the manner of a cylinder.
  • the two front and / or main cutting edges each interrupt the guide area 218.
  • the second neck area 214 has a smaller diameter than the guide area 218 of the drilling area.
  • the second neck region 214 has a smaller diameter than the thread generation region 216.
  • the through hole, the through thread and the at least one Ansen kung 164, 264, 364 are or are generated in one operation by means of the same tool 100, 200, 300, in particular by a feed movement in the Forward direction VR on the helical line, an immediately adjoining countersink 164, 264, 364 and an immediately adjoining backward movement in the backward direction RR on the helical line.
  • the flutes extend from the front and / or main cutting edges through the thread generating area 116, 216, 316 and the at least one groove or neck area 112, 212, 312 so that chips can be transported away from the front and / or main cutting edges to the rear .
  • a first countersinking means comprises the first conical area 215 and / or the thread generating area 116, 216, 316.
  • the first conical area 215 merges directly into the thread generating area 216.
  • the countersink is in the embodiment according to FIG. la to II formed exclusively by the thread generating area 116.
  • a first countersinking means is used in the embodiment according to FIG. 2a to 2m formed by the first conical area 215 on the tool 200.
  • a second countersink is formed by the second conical area 213 on the tool 200.
  • the distance between the first and the second countersinking means corresponds in the embodiment according to FIG. 2a to 2m essentially the thickness of the workpiece 250.
  • the through thread 163, 263, 363 When generating the through thread 163, 263, 363 is at the same time a through hole with the screwing movement by means of the tool 100, 200, 300 produced.
  • the through thread is generated in an existing through hole.
  • the first position Pli, P21, P31 is net angeord at an entry point into the workpiece and the second position P12, P22, P32 at an exit point from the workpiece.
  • the countersinking movement is in the embodiment according to FIG. la to II a circular movement by means of which a countersink is produced on the second workpiece side by means of a first countersink.
  • the countersinking movement is in the embodiment according to FIG. 2a to 2m a circular movement by means of which a first countersink is produced on the second workpiece side by means of a first countersinking means 216 and a second countersinking is produced on the first workpiece side by means of a second countersinking means 213.
  • the tool axis A of the tool 100, 200 is deflected by the thread center axis M by a specified radius r, and the tool is moved on a circular path with the specified radius r around the thread center axis M, the tool also being moved around its tool axis A. is rotated.
  • the countersink is in the embodiment according to FIG. 2a to 2m conical, with a maximum diameter that is larger than the maximum diameter of the thread profile.
  • the countersink produces a chamfer on the second workpiece side 152 at the end of the through thread.
  • the countersink produces a chamfer, in particular on the first workpiece side 251 and on the second workpiece side 252 and thus at the beginning and at the end of the through thread.
  • the countersinking movement is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3a to 31 show a movement along a circular line by means of which a cylindrical countersink is produced on the first workpiece side 351 by means of the first countersink means 316.
  • the countersinking movement is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3a to 31 a non-screw movement by means of which a countersink is produced on the second workpiece side.
  • the advance is during the countersinking in the embodiments according to FIG. la to II and 2a to 2m reduced at least temporarily, in particular in such a way that the feed rate during one revolution of the tool is less than the pre-given thread pitch.
  • the advance is during the countersinking in the embodiment according to FIG. 3a to 31 reduced at least temporarily, in particular such that the feed rate is zero during one revolution of the tool.
  • the countersinking takes place in the forward direction VR and / or in the backward direction RR.
  • the face can be moved from the second position P12,
  • P22, P32 are moved forward to the third position P13, P23, P33, and the second and third positions are on the helical line, respectively.
  • the face can be moved from the second position P12,
  • P22, P32 to the third position P13, P23, P33 are also or partially moved in the reverse direction, and the second and third positions are each on the helical line.
  • the end face can also be moved in the forward direction from the second position P12, P22, P32 to the third position P13, P23, P33 and then again in the backward direction to the second position.
  • the countersink is in the embodiment according to FIG. la to II cylindrical, with a diameter that is larger than the maximum diameter of the thread profile.
  • the countersink is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3a to 31 cylindrical, with a diameter which is equal to the maximum diameter of the thread profile.
  • the countersink is generated on the second workpiece side 152, 352 and thus at the end of the through thread.
  • a first countersink is produced on the first workpiece side 251 and thus at the beginning of the through thread and a second countersink on the second workpiece side 252 and thus at the end of the through thread.
  • Each position Pli-P13, P21-P23, P31-P33 of the tool 100 is assigned at least one feed rate V and an angle of rotation ⁇ .
  • a position P11-P13, P21-P23, P31-P33 is defined by an angle of rotation a, a linear displacement V in the axial direction and, in particular, a radial deflection r of the tool 100, 200, 300 with the tool axis A from the thread center axis M.
  • Sequences of figures 1 to 3 each show a tool, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention, with an end face, comprising in the direction of its end face 120, 220, 320 one after the other a shaft region 211 shown only in sequence 2 of figures, in particular for coupling to the Turning device, at least one fial area 112, 212, 312, in particular with one or two flute and / or spiral groove areas, for the removal of chips, a thread generating area 116, 216, 316 with a thread generating means for generating the through thread 163, 263, 363 and an end region 117, 217, 317 with the end face 120, 220, 320.
  • the tool for carrying out the method can comprise a thread tap or a tap and / or a drill.
  • the rotating device is or preferably comprises a CNC machine and / or a machine tool, in particular with a CNC control.
  • the through hole is generated with the tool 300 by means of the frontal area and the thread turn is generated axially behind it and at least partially simultaneously in the hole wall by means of the thread generation means.
  • the axial feed rate along the tool axis A is matched and synchronized with the rotational speed for the rotary movement around the tool axis A so that the axial feed rate corresponds to the thread pitch P or 372 for one full revolution.
  • the axial thread depth in the direction of the tool axis A measured from the workpiece surface in this first work phase is denoted by T G.
  • the tool 300 is braked in an angle of rotation interval in such a way that the axial feed V at a rotation angle of 360 °, ie at one full revolution, the tool is smaller than the thread pitch P or 372 and decreases to zero.
  • this braking process takes place in defined sub-steps, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • This braking movement in the second working phase means that the thread generating means now - in an actually atypical or non-functional manner - generates at least one circumferential groove or circumferential groove or circumferential groove in the through hole wall.
  • the process in the second work phase can therefore not only be referred to as a braking process but also as a countersinking movement or generating circumferential grooves or generating circumferential grooves or undercutting movement, and in the case of a purely cutting tool, it can also be referred to as a free-cutting movement.
  • the axial feed and the rotary movement of the tool 300 are again synchronized with one another according to the thread pitch P or 372, in order not to damage the thread, only that in each case the direction of the axial feed in the direction of the arrow of the backward movement RB is reversed or opposite to the direction of the arrow of the forward or working movement VB and the direction of rotation of the rotary movement is also reversed, i.e. the reverse direction is now set instead of the forward direction.
  • the thread axis or central axis of the thread with the thread turn 371 is denoted by A and falls during the entire working movement, i.e. both in the first working phase and in the second working phase, and also during the reversing movement, i.e. both in the first reversing phase and in the second reversing phase, together with the tool axis A of the tool 300 or is coaxial with this.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 each use a diagram to show an exemplary embodiment of a process (or: method) or a control sequence that is used both to generate a thread in a previously generated through hole in the workpiece or to generate a through threaded hole in the workpiece, i.e. in solid material of the workpiece can be used without prior core drilling.
  • a Ge thread drill or thread tap according to the prior art mentioned at the beginning can be used.
  • a combined drilling and tapping tool as known from DE 10 2016 008 478 A1 mentioned at the beginning, or a combined drilling and thread-forming tool, as known from DE 10 2005 022 503 A1 mentioned above, or else a tool according to the invention, for example according to FIGS. 1 to 3, can be used.
  • the penetration depth (or: vertical or axial coordinate) T is on the vertical axis or ordinate as in the axial direction, ie along the tool axis A and the thread center axis coaxial with the tool axis A, running and measured coordinate for the axial Feed in mm.
  • the (summed up) angle of rotation f of the rotational movement of the tool 300 about its tool axis A is plotted in degrees [°].
  • the angle of rotation f increases with the forward rotational movement or in a forward direction of rotation to positive values and decreases with the backward rotational movement or a reverse direction of rotation opposite to the forward direction of rotation.
  • ⁇ 360 ° corresponds to a complete revolution of the tool 300 around its tool axis A.
  • the function T (f) describes the dependency or synchronization of the axial feed movement in the axial coordinate (or: thickness of the workpiece) T on or with the rotary movement in the coordinate f and is typically used in a control such as a numerical control or CC control of the Machine tool, in particular in the form of a previously determined and stored table of values or as a function for the respective calculation.
  • the T coordinate corresponds to the Z axis (spindle axis), with the positive direction running conventionally from the workpiece to the tool.
  • the slope or derivative dT / dcp in this area is constant and corresponds to the amount according to P / 360 °. So that means for the thread pitch
  • the linear section of the function T (f) corresponds to the usual synchronized tap or thread forming kinematics and can be stored in a CNC control, for example, as a pre-programmed path condition (address letter G or G function), e.g. as G33, in particular G331 and G332, where the thread pitch P is entered as an interpolation parameter parallel to the Z axis, typically under the address letter K in the CNC nomenclature.
  • a pre-programmed path condition address letter G or G function
  • the time dependency of the angle of rotation cp (t) as a function of time t and thus penetration depth T (t) as a function of time t can in principle be varied during the thread generation process - even over a wide range.
  • a reversal point UP is reached, at which the tool 300 comes to a standstill for a short time, both in terms of the rotary movement and in terms of the axial movement.
  • the axial feed rate is reduced depending on the angle of rotation, which corresponds to the slope of the graph shown for the function T (f), according to a dependency or function that is preferably strictly monotonic (slope always falling) or is monotonous (gradient falling and possibly also zero in sections), but can also increase slightly again in partial sections.
  • the increase is preferably successively reduced in a predetermined number n of individually defined programmed or stored partial steps or braking steps S, the total number or number n being a natural number with n> 1, generally 200>n> 2, in particular 20>n> 5 is selected and where i is the counting index for the braking step S i and is between 1 and n, that is to say 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n applies.
  • each sub-step or braking step S a synchronization of the axial feed T (or the feed speed dT / dt) and the rotation angle f (or the rotation speed dcp / dt) corresponding to the control of a thread process is set or programmed in each deceleration step S. , with 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n an associated predetermined function T, (f) with an associated value interval [Ti-i, Ti] over the associated angle of rotation interval [f, -i, f,] is assigned or programmed.
  • the function T, (f) is preferably linear, so the graph (idealized) is a straight line.
  • the programmed or stored slope decreases gradually or successively from each deceleration step Si to the next deceleration step Si + i, ie
  • the slope corresponds to a slope parameter.
  • this pitch parameter is programmed as a thread pitch in the CNC control, in particular as an interpolation parameter along the z-axis or the thread axis in a G33, in particular G331 and G332, path condition.
  • the path conditions or G functions already specified in the control programming can be used and only the input parameter for the thread pitch has to be successively changed or reprogrammed.
  • the associated slope parameter Pi
  • Pi ⁇ P ie the pitch in the second work phase or during the braking movement AB is smaller than the thread pitch P during the first work phase.
  • P, P (n - i) / n can be. This applies, for example, to Pi to P ni , a value smaller than P ni then being selected for P n , for example P ni / 2.
  • Pi is chosen as close as possible to P.
  • P n > 0 and as close to 0 as possible is selected.
  • the values of P can be selected, for example, so that a continuous movement into the free cutting area is possible from the thread pitch movement.
  • the speed of the tool should be maintained as far as possible. From this, for example, various conditions can be formulated that can be mapped in approximation functions.
  • the angle of rotation range Df for the braking movement AB in the second work phase is generally selected to be smaller than the angle of rotation range cp G for thread generation in the first work phase, in particular Df ⁇ 0.5 q> G and preferably Df ⁇ 0.2 cp G is selected . That can depend in particular on how large the usable thread length is. Another influencing factor is the intended function in the undercut. If, in addition to pure braking, you want to make additional rotations to cut the chips free, rotations can be added.
  • the penetration depth range (or: the maximum penetration depth) DT for the Abbremsbe movement AB in the second work phase is generally selected to be smaller than the penetration depth range or the thread length T G for thread creation in the first work phase, in particular DT ⁇ 0.5 TG, preferably DT ⁇ 0.2 T G selected.
  • the penetration depth range DT for the braking movement AB can in particular be selected to be P.
  • a penetration depth range DT of less than P is also possible in order to keep the countersink or undercut smaller, e.g. 0.5 P or 0.25 P.
  • it may also be advantageous to have greater relief heights or a larger penetration depth range DT should be selected, in particular up to 2 P and in exceptional cases also larger.
  • FIG. 5 now shows an exemplary embodiment of a braking movement AB in an enlarged view of the lower right area of the diagram in FIG. 3 in an angle of rotation range Df and an associated penetration depth range DT.
  • a sub-step Si corresponds to each interval.
  • the differential angle of rotation is recorded starting from fo. If one wants to enter the same values on the rotation angle axis for f in FIG. 5 as in FIG. 4, then all values on the horizontal axis are to be added to the value of fo, which in FIG. 4 is, for example, 5800 °.
  • the braking movement AB begins at the angle of rotation value fo and the associated penetration depth value To and ends at the final angle of rotation value fio and the associated penetration depth value Tio.
  • an associated slope parameter Pi in particular as a thread pitch or interpolation parameter of the CNC control, so the two intervals [f 0 , fi] and [T 0 , Ti] the slope Pi, dem Interval pair [fi, f 2 ] and [Ti, T 2 ] the slope P 2 and so on up to the slope Pi 0 for the last interval pair [f 9 , fio] and [T 9 , T i 0 ]
  • the thread pitch Pi to Pio remains constant, so that essentially straight sections of the graph of the function T (f) result in which a synchronized "thread movement" takes place, that is, the axial feed rate corresponds to the quotient of Pi / 360 °.
  • the axial feed rate decreases Advance speed increasing rotation angle intervals f, + i - f, f ⁇ + 1 - cpi> f ⁇ - cpj-1 in the rotation angle range Df in the braking steps S ,. That is, the rotation angle distance f2 - fi is smaller than the rotation angle distance 93 - q> 2 and the rotation angle distance q> i + i - fi is greater than the angular distance f, - f, -i.
  • the last subsection between the rotation angle values fio - F9- covers the largest angular distance or angular range. This corresponds to a continuous braking process that is slowed down in each subsection or braking step S.
  • the reduction of the rotational speed df / dt and the axial feed speed dT / dt to 0 depending on the time t can, for example, take place continuously during the braking movement AB or, for example, only in the last braking step S n or Sio.
  • an intermediate step can be carried out, for example a cleaning process.
  • you can, for example, remove chip root residues by turning the tool further or clean the circumferential groove of remnants of the thread tips in order to get a cleaner cylindrical area. Then a screw could be turned in even better.
  • a reversing movement or backward movement RB initiated, which initially includes a loading acceleration movement BB in a first reversing phase up to threading into the thread and in a Second reversing phase, a backward movement RR, in which the tool 300 is threaded outward in a synchronized manner by the thread turn.
  • control curve or function according to FIG. 4 can be used or run through in reverse order.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of how, in the first reversing phase, starting from the reversal point UP, the same dependency or function T (f) can be used in the opposite sequence for the acceleration movement BB as a reversal of the braking movement AB, e.g. according to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • functions T (f) and sub-steps other than those shown in FIG. 6 can also be used, which preferably lead back to the point (fo, To,) at which the braking movement AB also began or the first work phase ended, so that the correct threading point for the tool for retraction through the thread can be achieved.
  • an acceleration phase is first carried out in reverse order as a first reversing phase with an acceleration movement BB with the same incremental steps.
  • the slope parameters also remain the same, only in the reverse order, so in FIG. 6 they are run through from P10 to Pg, Ps to Pi for the subsections of the control curve according to FIG. 5 from right to left until the depth value To is reached. According to FIG.
  • the new angle value fii is assumed in terms of time after the angle value fio and the interval [fio, fp] corresponds to that Interval [Tio, Tg], with the thread pitch Pio and the subsequent angle interval [cpn, f ⁇ 2 ] corresponding to the penetration depth interval [Tg, Ts] with the corresponding thread pitch Pg etc. up to the last section of [cpig, f 2 o] [Ti, T 0 ] with the thread pitch Pi.
  • the values of the penetration depth T are used as measured input parameters or input parameters specified by the controller or programming, and the associated values of the angle of rotation f result from the dependency using the assigned slope parameters P and P ,.
  • a CNC program for tapping or thread forming can therefore be selected, in particular with a G33, in particular G331 and G332, path condition with the thread pitch to be entered, and a sequence or set of values for the penetration depth can now be specified, in which a switch is made to a new thread pitch parameter, the thread pitch parameter being retained until the next value of the penetration depth.
  • a sequence would be e.g.
  • the linear curve sections or graph sections are continuously set next to one another, ie the starting points (f,, T,) of each interval correspond to the end points of the previous interval and the end point of the first interval (fo, To) of the linear graph of thread creation.
  • These connection points are also referred to as support points.
  • curve sections or graph sections can be selected that are continuously differentiable juxtaposed (or: linked, connected to one another). This means that not only does the starting point of each interval coincide with the end point of the previous interval, i.e. a continuous transition takes place at the connection points between the intervals, but also that the graph sections or their functions can also be differentiated in these connection points and their derivation is the same Have value. As a result, smooth or continuously differentiable transitions between the graphs in the individual deceleration steps or intervals are achieved, which is beneficial to the sequence of movements.
  • transition in the angle of rotation fo from the thread generating movement in the first working phase to the braking movement AB in the second working phase or then preferably also from the first reversing phase to the second reversing phase is preferably continuously differentiable or selected with the same slope
  • Examples of functions which are suitable for such a continuously differentiable interpolation are polynomials of degree higher than 1, in particular third degree, such as, for example, cubic splines.
  • Spline interpolation can be used here.
  • a continuous, in particular strictly monotonically or also monotonously decreasing function can be used for the braking process or at least a predominant part of the braking steps Si, for example an exponential function or logarithmic function
  • the values of the angle of rotation f are used as measured input parameters or input parameters specified by the controller or programming and the associated values of the penetration depth T result from the dependency by means of the Slope parameters P and P ,.
  • the time can also be specified as an input parameter and the values of the angle of rotation cp (t) and the penetration depth T (t) result from the dependence on time t and the dependence on each other by means of the slope parameters P and P ,.
  • control or synchronization can take place in an open closed-loop or open-loop control circuit without measuring the process variables, penetration depth and angle of rotation.
  • a penetration depth value is assigned to each angle of rotation value by means of a table of values or by calculation according to the stored formulas, and the rotary drive and axial drive are controlled accordingly.
  • At least one of the two process variables penetration depth and angle of rotation can also be measured, and the measured values can be fed back into the controller in order to implement regulation in accordance with the target curve shown in FIG. 4 in a closed control loop.
  • Angle of rotation cp is usually determined in the area of the drive, in particular the drive spindle, by means of angle sensors or measurement of physical quantities that are clearly related to the angle of rotation. In principle, however, it is also possible to measure the angle of rotation directly on the tool 100, 200, 300.
  • the penetration depth T can be measured by axial position sensors and here again generally on the drive, in particular the drive spindle, or in a special embodiment on the tool or workpiece itself.
  • FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 show rotational contours which are generated by the face and / or face cutting edges or the thread generating means.
  • the thread cutting teeth in FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 are arranged on the face and / or face cutting edges, in particular on each face and / or face cutting edge.
  • the thread cutting teeth are integral with the face and / or face cutting edges.
  • the thread cutting teeth in FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 are arranged on the drill bodies, in particular on each drill body.
  • the thread cutting teeth are integral with the drill bodies.
  • the first face and / or face cutting edge or the first drill body forms the thread cutting teeth 411 and 412. It forms the second face and / or face cutting edge or the second drill body forms the thread cutting teeth 421 and 422.
  • the third face and / or main cutting edge forms the thread cutting tooth 431.
  • the first thread cutting tooth 411 of the first face and / or face cutting edge or the first drill body and the second thread cutting tooth 421 of the second face and / or face edge or the second drill body together form the rotation contour for the countersink 401, at an angle 470 of 30 °.
  • the second thread cutting tooth 421 is at a distance 472 from the third thread cutting tooth 431 along the countersunk profile 401.
  • the rotational contour has a width 471 on the outside of the third thread cutting tooth 431 and each thread cutting tooth following this face and / or main cutting edge, which corresponds to the thread pitch of the thread cutting tooth along the outside of the face and / or main cutting edge.
  • FIG. 8 shows a rotational contour generated by four face and / or main cutting edges or thread generating means, in particular on the drill bodies.
  • the first thread cutting tooth 511 of the first face and / or main cutting edge or of the first drill body and the second thread cutting tooth 521 of the second face and / or main cutting edge or of the second drill body together form the rotational contour for the countersink 501, at an angle 570 of 30 °.
  • the third thread cutting tooth 531 of the third face and / or main cutting edge or the third drilling body forms with the rotation contour for the countersink 501, under an angle 570 of 30 °.
  • the second thread cutting tooth 521 is not spaced from the third thread cutting tooth 531 along the length of the countersunk profile 501.
  • FIG. 9 shows a rotational contour generated by five face and / or main cutting edges or five thread generating means.
  • the first thread cutting tooth 611 of the first face and / or main cutting edge and the second thread cutting tooth 621 of the second face and / or main cutting edge together form the rotational contour for the countersink 601, at an angle 670 of 30 °.
  • the third thread cutting tooth 631 of the third front and / or main cutting edge and the fourth thread cutting tooth 641 of the fourth front and / or main cutting edge form with the rotation contour for the countersink 601, at an angle 670 of 30 °.
  • FIG. 10 a rotational contour generated by six face and / or main cutting edges or six threading means.
  • the first thread cutting tooth 711 of the first face and / or main cutting edge and the second thread cutting tooth 721 of the second face and / or main cutting edge together form the rotational contour for the countersink 701, at an angle 770 of 30 °.
  • the third thread cutting tooth 731 of the third front and / or main cutting edge and the fourth thread cutting tooth 741 of the fourth front and / or main cutting edge form with the rotation contour for the countersink 701, at an angle 770 of 30 °.
  • Each of the thread generating means 163, 263, 363, 400, 500, 600, 700 each has a rotation contour or can have a rotation contour.
  • the rotation contour forms a cutting contour for the at least one countersink.
  • the rotation contour forms an envelope curve and / or the envelope contour, the envelope curve and / or envelope contour being formed by the countersunk cutting.
  • An envelope curve and / or envelope contour and / or rotation contour is in particular the envelope curve and / or envelope contour and / or rotation contour and / or contour that results when the tool rotates about its tool axis.
  • the end area 117, 217, 317 each comprises a drilling area for drilling a through hole.
  • the drilling area comprises at least two face and / or main cutting edges, on at least two drilling bodies, for producing the through-hole, which extend into the thread-producing area for producing the through-thread.
  • Chip flutes extend in each case between the end and / or main cutting edges through the thread generating area 116, 216, 316 and in the at least one groove or neck area 112, 212, 312.
  • the at least two front and / or main cutting edges form the countersink cutting edges and / or the rotational contour on the outer diameter.
  • the tool, in particular the thread generating means is designed in such a way that it has or generates an at least substantially closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour.
  • the tool is designed in such a way that it has or generates a closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour.
  • the tool has at least three front and / or main cutting edges, in particular according to FIG. 8 at least four front and / or main cutting edges, preferably according to FIG. 10 at least five front and / or main cutting edges.
  • the countersink has a countersink angle 470, 570, 670, 770 which is greater than 25 ° and less than 60 °, preferably between 30 ° and 45 °, in particular at least substantially 30 °.
  • the envelope curve and / or envelope contour 401, 501, 601, 701 is formed by at least a first face and / or main cutting edge 411, in particular a first thread cutting tooth on the shank side, as a first countersink cutting edge and a second front and / or main cutting edge 421, in particular a second shank side Thread cutting tooth, designed as a second countersink cutting edge, which together form a closed envelope curve and / or envelope contour 401, 501, 601, 701 when rotating.
  • the envelope curve and / or envelope contour 401, 501, 601, 701 runs, in particular in the lowering area, conically.
  • the first shank-side thread cutting tooth 411 and the second shank-side Ge thread cutting tooth 421 are ground off in relation to the further thread cutting teeth of the front and / or main cutting edges in such a way that the envelope curve and / or envelope contour of the first shank-side thread cutting tooth forms the innermost ring of the at least one countersink with the countersink angle and that the envelope curve and / or envelope contour of the second shank-side thread cutting tooth den the innermost ring surrounded by the second innermost ring that forms at least one countersink with the countersink angle.
  • the second innermost ring directly surrounds the innermost ring of the at least one countersink and thus at least partially forms the conical countersink 402, 501, 601, 701.
  • thread generation means 116, 216, 316 thread generation area, thread generation means

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour créer un trou traversant, plus particulièrement un alésage à trou traversant (163, 263, 363), doté d'un pas de filetage prédéfini (172, 272, 372) et présentant un profil de filetage prédéfini (171, 271, 371) avec au moins une fraisure (164, 264, 364 ; 262) dans une pièce à usiner (150, 250, 350) au moyen d'un outil (100, 200, 300). L'outil (100, 200, 300) peut plus particulièrement, au moyen d'un dispositif de rotation, être déplacé en rotation autour d'un axe d'outil (A) s'étendant à travers l'outil et axialement par rapport à l'axe d'outil. L'outil comporte, de manière séquentielle dans la direction orientée vers la face d'extrémité (120, 220, 320) de l'outil, une région de tige (211), plus particulièrement pour l'accouplement avec le dispositif de rotation, au moins une zone de col (112, 212, 312), plus particulièrement dotée d'une ou de deux régions de goujure et/ou régions de rainure en spirale pour transporter des copeaux, une région de création de filetage (116, 216, 316) munie d'un moyen de création de filetage pour créer le filetage traversant (163, 263, 363), et une région d'extrémité (117, 217, 317) comportant la face d'extrémité (120, 220, 320). Pour créer le filetage traversant (163, 263, 363), le moyen de création de filetage est déplacé dans un mouvement de vissage dans une direction avant axiale (VR) à travers la pièce à usiner (150, 250, 350) d'un premier côté de la pièce à usiner (151, 251, 351) à un second côté de la pièce à usiner (152, 252, 352) opposé au premier côté de la pièce à usiner de telle sorte que la face d'extrémité fait saillie hors de la pièce à usiner. Le moyen de création de filetage se déplace à travers la pièce à usiner plus particulièrement le long d'une première ligne qui est une ligne hélicoïdale. Puis, pour créer au moins une fraisure, le moyen de création de filetage est déplacé dans un mouvement de fraisurage plus particulièrement le long d'une seconde ligne qui est différente de la première ligne, et pour un retrait ultérieur, le moyen de création de filetage est ramené à travers la pièce à usiner dans un mouvement de dévissage dans une direction inverse axiale (RR), plus particulièrement au moins sensiblement le long de la première ligne. L'invention concerne également un outil.
EP20774908.6A 2019-09-13 2020-09-11 Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant Pending EP4028192A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019124679.2A DE102019124679A1 (de) 2019-09-13 2019-09-13 Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Durchgangsgewindes
PCT/EP2020/075472 WO2021048354A1 (fr) 2019-09-13 2020-09-11 Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4028192A1 true EP4028192A1 (fr) 2022-07-20

Family

ID=72560553

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20774908.6A Pending EP4028192A1 (fr) 2019-09-13 2020-09-11 Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20220331894A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4028192A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20220062614A (fr)
CN (1) CN114728358A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019124679A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2022003087A (fr)
WO (1) WO2021048354A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022107987A1 (de) 2022-04-04 2023-10-05 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Gewindebohrwerkzeug

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5678962A (en) * 1994-09-06 1997-10-21 Makino Inc. Integral boring and threading tool and method
US5944462A (en) * 1998-04-23 1999-08-31 Kennametal Inc. Hole cutting tool for chamfering and grooving
JP3831167B2 (ja) * 1999-05-31 2006-10-11 本田技研工業株式会社 ねじ切り工具及びねじ切り方法
DE19927386A1 (de) * 1999-06-16 2001-01-04 Fette Wilhelm Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gewindebohrung und Werkzeug hierfür
DE102005022503B4 (de) * 2004-09-13 2019-10-17 EMUGE-Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH & Co. KG Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Gewindes
FR2913619A3 (fr) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-19 Renault Sas Outil multitache de percage, taraudage, chanfreinage
DE102016008478B4 (de) * 2016-07-13 2020-10-15 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Gewindebohrung
DE202016106331U1 (de) * 2016-11-11 2016-11-25 Dc Swiss S.A. Gewindewerkzeuge mit Fluidkanälen
DE102017007419B4 (de) * 2017-08-05 2021-08-12 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Gewindebohrung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2022003087A (es) 2022-06-17
WO2021048354A1 (fr) 2021-03-18
KR20220062614A (ko) 2022-05-17
DE102019124679A1 (de) 2021-03-18
US20220331894A1 (en) 2022-10-20
CN114728358A (zh) 2022-07-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3710194B1 (fr) Outil et procédé permettant de produire un filetage, en particulier un filetage intérieur
EP2861373B1 (fr) Procédé et outil de création d'un filetage dans une pièce
EP3484647B1 (fr) Procédé de production d'un trou taraudé et outil pour ce procédé
EP1669149B1 (fr) Outil et procédé pour produire un pas de vis dans une pièce
EP3433044B1 (fr) Procédé et machine pour l'usinage d'un taraudage
EP3710193B1 (fr) Procédé de production d'un filetage
EP0355678A2 (fr) Fraise à tarauder
EP2651585A1 (fr) Outil de formage de filet pour produire un filet sur une pièce
DE102004033772A1 (de) Werkzeug, insbesondere Gewindefurcher, ausgebildet und bestimmt zur spanlosen Fertigerzeugung eines vorerzeugten Gewindes, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Werkzeugs und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Gewindes
DE102005022503A1 (de) Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Gewindes
DE3808797A1 (de) Gewindefraeser
DE102005019921A1 (de) Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung oder Nachbearbeitung eines Gewindes
EP2651584B1 (fr) Procédé pour produire un taraudage dans une pièce d'oeuvre
EP4028192A1 (fr) Procédé et outil pour créer un filetage traversant
DE102019124707B4 (de) Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Gewindes mit Übersetzungseinheit
EP4025369B1 (fr) Procédé pour générer un trou taraudé dans une pièce
DE102014112162A1 (de) Werkzeug und ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks, insbesondere beim oder zum Erzeugen eines Gewindes
DE102005042409B4 (de) Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung oder Nachbearbeitung eines Gewindes, insbesondere eines Innengewindes
EP3921106A1 (fr) Outil et procédé permettant de produire un trou fileté avec des brise-copeaux
DE102005042410B4 (de) Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung oder Nachbearbeitung eines Gewindes, insbesondere eines Innengewindes
DE102018206540A1 (de) Gewindebohr-Werkzeug und Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Gewindebohrung
WO2017174671A1 (fr) Outil d'usinage d'une pièce par enlèvement de matière
WO2021052835A1 (fr) Procédé pour générer un filet présentant un pas de filetage prédéfini dans un avant-trou ménagé dans une pièce
DE132462C (fr)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220411

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)