EP4023848A1 - Dispositif de détection d'anomalie, programme, procédé de détection d'anomalie et dispositif de traitement d'informations - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'anomalie, programme, procédé de détection d'anomalie et dispositif de traitement d'informations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4023848A1
EP4023848A1 EP21197123.9A EP21197123A EP4023848A1 EP 4023848 A1 EP4023848 A1 EP 4023848A1 EP 21197123 A EP21197123 A EP 21197123A EP 4023848 A1 EP4023848 A1 EP 4023848A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
signal
operation signal
rotating body
periodic component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21197123.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Shogo KIGAMI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nabtesco Corp
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Nabtesco Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nabtesco Corp filed Critical Nabtesco Corp
Publication of EP4023848A1 publication Critical patent/EP4023848A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/50—Fault detection
    • E05Y2400/502—Fault detection of components
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles

Definitions

  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to an abnormality detecting device, a program, an abnormality detecting method, and an information processing device.
  • An automatic door includes mechanism parts formed of a plurality of rotating bodies such as a door roller or a pinion gear.
  • the rotating bodies include a door roller moving on a rail and a pinion gear rotating with teeth meshing with teeth of another rotating body.
  • the smoothness of the rotation may be deteriorated.
  • a gear such as a pinion gear
  • the teeth may break and come out of mesh with the other gear, resulting in a reduced rotational force. In this way, the rotating bodies undergo breakage and wear due to aging degradation or the like, and thus maintenance work is required to replace parts as necessary.
  • an automatic door includes a plurality of rotating bodies, and it is difficult to ascertain whether each of the rotating bodies is broken or worn. The condition of the rotating bodies cannot be grasped unless the mechanism parts including the rotating bodies are detached and disassembled. It is thus a drawback that when an abnormality occurs in operation of an automatic door due to a fault in the rotating bodies, time is taken to identify the cause.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides an abnormality detecting device, a program, an abnormality detecting method, and an information processing device capable of detecting an abnormality of a rotating body in a simple and accurate manner.
  • one embodiment of the present invention provides an abnormality detecting device for detecting an abnormality of at least one rotating body, the at least one rotating body being configured to transmit power generated by an actuator to open and close a door, the abnormality detecting device comprising: an obtaining unit for obtaining, during movement of the door, a door operation signal related to at least one of opening operation or closing operation of the door; and a determination unit for determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to a rotational period of the at least one rotating body.
  • the actuator includes a motor for driving the door
  • the door operation signal includes at least one of an electric current flowing through the motor, an opening or closing speed of the door, or vibration of the door.
  • the at least one rotating body comprises a plurality of rotating bodies having different rotational radii
  • the abnormality detecting device includes an identifying unit, and when the determination unit has determined that the door operation signal includes the periodic component, the identifying unit identifies, from among the plurality of rotating bodies, a rotating body which has the periodic component based on the rotational radii of the plurality of rotating bodies.
  • the identifying unit identifies, from among the plurality of rotating bodies, a rotating body which has the periodic component based on at least one of the rotational radii of the plurality of rotating bodies, a speed instruction for the door, temperatures around the plurality of rotating bodies, an accumulated operation time of the door, or a number of times of opening and closing operation of the door.
  • the abnormality detecting device includes a first storage unit for storing information on rotational periods of the plurality of rotating bodies, and when the determination unit has determined that the door operation signal includes the periodic component, the identifying unit refers to the information stored on the first storage unit to identify the rotating body.
  • the determination unit determines whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component based on a result of comparison between the door operation signal and a reference signal, the reference signal being related to at least one of the opening operation or the closing operation performed when the rotating body has no abnormality.
  • the determination unit determines whether or not a difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal includes the periodic component.
  • the abnormality detecting device includes a second storage unit for storing the reference signal, and the determination unit refers to the reference signal stored on the second storage unit to determine whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component.
  • the determination unit compares the door operation signal with the reference signal within a time period in which the door is moving at a constant speed, to determine whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component.
  • the determination unit compares the door operation signal with the reference signal within a time period in which a signal level of the door operation signal is constant, to determine whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component.
  • the door operation signal includes a speed signal of the door
  • the determination unit compares the door operation signal with the reference signal within a time period for a constant speed region of the door in which a signal level of the speed signal is constant, to determine whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component.
  • the determination unit corrects a difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal with the constant acceleration, and determines whether or not the corrected signal includes the periodic component.
  • the abnormality detecting device includes a first generating unit for generating the reference signal based on at least one of a speed instruction for the door, temperatures around the plurality of rotating bodies, accumulated operation time of the door, or a number of times of opening and closing operation of the door.
  • the determination unit determines whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component when a difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal exceeds a threshold value.
  • the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal is a time-series signal
  • the determination unit converts the difference signal into a frequency-series signal by Fourier transform and determines whether or not the door operation signal includes the periodic component corresponding to a frequency occurring when the frequency-series signal exceeds the threshold value.
  • the abnormality detecting device includes a second generating unit configured to cause the door to open and close immediately after the door is installed or immediately after a maintenance work of the door is completed, to generate the reference signal.
  • the obtaining unit obtains the door operation signal when the door is first opened or closed after a power supply is started or restarted.
  • the abnormality detecting device includes an outputting unit for outputting an indication that the determination unit has determined that the door operation signal includes the periodic component.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a program for detecting an abnormality of at least one rotating body, the at least one rotating body being configured to transmit power generated by an actuator to a door, the program causing a computer to: obtain a door operation signal related to at least one of opening operation or closing operation of the door; and determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to a rotational period of the at least one rotating body, based on the door operation signal and a reference signal.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting an abnormality of at least one rotating body, the at least one rotating body being configured to transmit power generated by an actuator to a door, the method comprising: obtaining a door operation signal related to at least one of opening operation or closing operation of the door; and determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to a rotational period of the at least one rotating body, based on the door operation signal and a reference signal.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides an information processing device for detecting an abnormality of at least one rotating body, the at least one rotating body being configured to transmit power generated by an actuator to a door, the information processing device comprising: a receiving unit for receiving a door operation signal related to at least one of opening operation or closing operation of the door; and a determination unit for determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to a rotational period of the at least one rotating body, based on the door operation signal and a reference signal.
  • an abnormality detecting device a program, an abnormality detecting method, and an information processing device.
  • the following focuses on the main constituent parts of the abnormality detecting device, the program, the abnormality detecting method, and the information processing device, but the abnormality detecting device, the program, the abnormality detecting method, and the information processing device may include more constituent parts not shown and functions not described.
  • the following description exclude by no means such constituent parts not shown and functions not described.
  • Fig. 1 is an external view showing an electric door device 2 having an abnormality detecting device 1 relating to one embodiment built therein.
  • the electric door device 2 shown in Fig. 1 is designed to be installed in railway vehicles.
  • the electric door device 2 according to the present embodiment can be used in a wide range of applications in addition to railroad vehicles.
  • the electric door device 2 relating to the present embodiment are applicable to automatic door devices installed in vehicles, buildings and facilities, and also to doors of private residences.
  • the electric door device 2 described herein is installed mainly in railway vehicles.
  • the electric door device 2 shown in Fig. 1 includes a pair of door leaves 3R and 3L constituting a sliding door.
  • the door leaves 3R and 3L are movable in the left-right direction in the drawing.
  • a guide rail 4 Above the door leaves 3R and 3L, a suspension device 5R supporting the right door leaf 3R, and a suspension device 5L supporting the left door leaf 3L are provided.
  • the suspension device 5R and the door leaf 3R are integrally movable along the guide rail 4.
  • the suspension device 5L and door leaf 3L are integrally movable along the guide rail 4.
  • the term "door” may refer to at least one of the door leaf 3R or the door leaf 3L.
  • a plurality of rollers 6 are provided, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1 .
  • the rollers 6 roll while remaining in contact with the upper or lower surface of the guide rail 4.
  • the leading edge of the door leaves 3R and 3L has a front rubber 7 attached thereto, which is made of a soft synthetic rubber material.
  • a front rubber 7 attached thereto, which is made of a soft synthetic rubber material.
  • a right rack gear 8R and a left rack gear 8L are provided and extend in the direction in which the guide rail 4 extends.
  • the right rack gear 8R is coupled with a right bracket 9R.
  • the movement causes the right bracket 9R to move in the left-right direction.
  • the left rack gear 8L is coupled with a left bracket 9L.
  • the left bracket 9L is coupled with the suspension device 5R.
  • the suspension device 5R and door leaf 3R integrally move in the left-right direction.
  • the left bracket 9L is coupled with the suspension device 5L.
  • the suspension device 5L and door leaf 3L integrally move in the left-right direction.
  • the right and left rack gears 8R and 8L mesh with a pinion gear 10, so that they are configured to convert the rotation of the pinion gear 10 into linear movement.
  • the pinion gear 10 is rotated when acted upon by driving force from a motor 11.
  • Fig. 2 more specifically shows the constituent parts in the vicinity of the motor 11.
  • a sun gear 13 is attached to a rotational shaft 12 of the motor 11, a plurality of planetary gears 14 surround and mesh with the sun gear 13, and the pinion gear 10 is positioned outside the planetary gears 14 and serves as an outer gear meshing with the planetary gears 14.
  • the motor 11 rotates, the resulting rotational force is transmitted to the rack gears 8R and 8L via the pinion gear 10.
  • the rack gears 8R and 8L move in the left-right direction as a result of the rotation of the motor 11, the door leaves 3R and 3L move in the left-right direction along the guide rail 4 via the right and left brackets 9R and 9L.
  • the motor 11 is driven by a motor driving unit 23 included in a controller 15 shown in Fig. 3 , which will be described below.
  • the electric door device 2 may be opened or closed using the rack and pinion system, but the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to such. Any other systems (for example, belt, screw and linear motor systems) may be employed.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a control system of the electric door device 2 of Fig. 1 .
  • the control system of the electric door device 2 relating to the present embodiment includes a controller 15, a power supply unit 16, and a motor monitoring unit 17.
  • the controller 15 has an abnormality detecting device 1 provided therein.
  • the power supply unit 16 includes a power unit for converting an alternating-current voltage fed from an overhead line into a direct-current voltage.
  • the controller 15 includes a door opening-closing control unit 18 and an instructing unit 19, in addition to the abnormality detecting device 1.
  • the instructing unit 19 outputs, to the door opening-closing control unit 18, an instruction signal for opening or closing the door leaves 3R and 3L.
  • the door opening-closing control unit 18 controls the opening or closing of the door leaves 3R and 3L based on the instruction signal.
  • the door opening-closing control unit 18 includes a power-supply voltage detecting unit 21, a PWM control unit 22, a motor driving unit 23 and a Hall signal detector 24.
  • the power-supply voltage detecting unit 21 is configured to detect the level of the DC voltage output from the power supply unit 16.
  • the PWM control unit 22 is configured to generate a PWM signal for driving the motor 11 based on the level of the DC voltage detected by the power-supply voltage detecting unit 21 and the instruction signal from the instructing unit 19. More specifically, the PWM control unit 22 generates the PWM signal for controlling the duty ratio of the voltage to be fed to the motor 11, based on a reference voltage instruction pattern indicated by the instruction signal and the voltage level of the DC signal detected by the power-supply voltage detecting unit 21.
  • the motor driving unit 23 is configured to turn on or off the transistors configured to drive the motor 11, based on the PWM signal. For example, when the motor 11 is a three-phase motor, the motor driving unit 23 generates gate signals for turning on or off the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase transistors.
  • a Hall element 25 is provided in the vicinity of the rotational shaft 12 of the motor 11.
  • the Hall element 25 detects the number of rotations of the motor 11.
  • the motor monitoring unit 17 is provided.
  • the motor monitoring unit 17 includes, in addition to the above-mentioned Hall element 25, a motor current detector 26 for detecting the motor current and a motor voltage detector 27 for detecting the voltage applied to the motor 11.
  • the Hall signal detector 24 is configured to detect the number of rotations of the motor 11 based on the detection signal from the Hall element 25.
  • the motor driving unit 23 can refer to the number of rotations of the motor 11 detected by the Hall signal detector 24 to feedback control the timing of turning on or off the transistors for driving the motor 11.
  • the electric door device 2 relating to the present embodiment may include a sending unit 28.
  • the sending unit 28 is configured to, if the abnormality detecting device 1 detects an abnormality of a rotating body, notify a managing device (not shown), a mobile terminal carried by a maintenance worker or the like of the fact that the abnormality of the rotating body has been detected.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 detects abnormalities in various rotating bodies used in the electric door device 2.
  • the abnormality in the rotating bodies include chip or wear of a part of teeth in the case of gears.
  • wear of a pulley attached to the belt may be a cause of the abnormality in the rotating bodies.
  • breakage of a nut may be a cause of the abnormality in the rotating bodies.
  • the specific types of the rotating bodies are not limited but may be, for example, the rollers 6 shown in Fig. 1 , and the sun gear 13, the planetary gears 14, and the pinion gear 10 provided in the vicinity of the rotational shaft 12 of the motor 11.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the abnormality detecting device 1.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 includes an obtaining unit 31 and a determination unit 32.
  • the obtaining unit 31 obtains, during the movement of the door leaves, a door operation signal related to at least one of the opening operation or closing operation of the door leaves 3R and 3L.
  • the door operation signal includes, for example, at least one of the speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L, the vibration of the door leaves 3R and 3L, or the electric current of the motor 11.
  • the door operation signal is a time-series signal obtained continuously for a predetermined period of time.
  • the determination unit 32 determines whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to the rotational period of a rotating body.
  • Each of the various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2 has its characteristic periodic component.
  • a gear having a plurality of teeth has a periodic component according to the rotational radius, the number of teeth, and the rotational period of the gear.
  • a rotating body not having teeth, such as the rollers 6, has a periodic component according to the rotational radius and the rotational period of the rotating body itself. For example, when a rotating body is rotating at a constant rotational speed, the period of the periodic component included in the door operation signal is longer as the rotating radius is larger, and the period of the periodic component is shorter as the number of the teeth is larger.
  • the period of the periodic component included in the door operation signal is longer as the rotational period of the rotating body is longer.
  • the periodic component included in the door operation signal is significant when any of the rotating bodies related to the door operation signal has an abnormality. Specifically, when none of the rotating bodies has an abnormality, the door operation signal does not include a periodic component, and when at least one of the rotating bodies has an abnormality, the door operation signal includes the periodic component characteristic of the rotating body having the abnormality. In order to identify the rotating body having an abnormality, the determination unit 32 determines whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the determination unit 32 may perform Fourier transform on the door operation signal, which is a time-series signal, to convert it into a frequency-series signal, compare the frequency-series signal with a predetermined threshold value, and when the threshold value is exceeded, determine that the door operation signal includes a periodic component corresponding to the frequency exceeding the threshold value.
  • the determination unit 32 determines that the door operation signal includes a periodic component, it is determined that the rotating body having the periodic component has an abnormality.
  • the determination unit 32 may sort various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2. Among them, each set of two or more rotating bodies having the same rotational period may be sorted into one group, and it may be determined for each group whether or not its periodic component is included in the door operation signal.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include an identifying unit 33, in addition to the obtaining unit 31 and the determination unit 32.
  • the identifying unit 33 identifies, from among a plurality of rotating bodies, a rotating body which has this periodic component based on the rotational radii of the plurality of rotating bodies.
  • the identified rotating body probably has an abnormality.
  • the reason that the identifying unit 33 considers the rotational radii of the plurality of rotating bodies to identify the periodic component is that different rotational radii result in different rotational periods of the rotating bodies.
  • the identifying unit 33 may identify, from among a plurality of rotating bodies, a rotating body which has the above periodic component based on at least one of the rotational radii of the plurality of rotating bodies, the speed instruction for the door, the temperatures around the plurality of rotating bodies, the accumulated door operation time, or the number of times of opening and closing operation of the door.
  • the reason that the identifying unit 33 considers the speed instruction for the door is that different rotational speeds of the rotating bodies result in different rotational periods of the rotating bodies.
  • the reason that the temperatures around the plurality of rotating bodies are considered is that a change in temperature causes a rotating body to expand or contract, resulting in a change in the rotational radius and thus a change in the rotational period.
  • a change in temperature may also cause a change in coefficient of friction of the rotating bodies and thus a change in the rotational speed.
  • the reason that the accumulated door operation time or the number of times of opening and closing operation of the door is considered is that, as the accumulated operation time or the number of times of opening and closing operation is larger, the difference in degree of breakage or wear between the rotating bodies may be larger, resulting in different rotational periods.
  • the speed instruction for the door may be either issued from the managing device via the instructing unit 19 or issued from the motor driving unit 23 with a motor driving signal.
  • the various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2 are not directly inspected for presence of an abnormality, but the determination unit 32 determines whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component, making it possible to easily identify the rotating body having an abnormality.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include an outputting unit 34 for outputting a determination result of the determination unit 32.
  • the outputting unit 34 outputs an indication that the determination unit 32 has determined that the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the outputting unit 34 may output information on the rotating body identified by the identifying unit 33.
  • the information output from the outputting unit 34 may be sent by the sending unit 28 shown in Fig. 3 to a mobile phone carried by a maintenance worker or to the managing device (not shown) managing the electric door device 2.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include a first storage unit 35.
  • the first storage unit 35 stores information on the rotational periods of the rotating bodies.
  • the first storage unit 35 stores previously investigated information on the rotational periods of the various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2.
  • the rotational period of a gear having a plurality of teeth changes in accordance with the number of teeth and the rotational speed. Therefore, the first storage unit 35 may store information on the rotational periods of the rotating bodies for each combination of the number of teeth and the rotational speed.
  • the first storage unit 35 may previously store information on the rotational periods of the rotating bodies in association with at least one of the temperatures around the rotating bodies, the accumulated door operation time, or the number of times of the opening and closing operation of the door.
  • a rotational period of a rotating body can be read from the first storage unit 35 by inputting to the first storage unit 35 the current temperature around the rotating body, the current accumulated door operation time, and the current number of times of opening and closing operation of the door as input parameters.
  • the information on a rotational period of a rotating body stored on the first storage unit 35 is, for example, a value of a periodic component of the rotating body.
  • the first storage unit 35 is a non-volatile memory or a non-volatile storage device. Information once stored on the first storage unit 35 is retained until it is updated later, even if the power supply of the electric door device 2 is turned off, and therefore, it is favorable that there is no need of refreshing the stored information.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 includes the first storage unit 35.
  • the identifying unit 33 refers to the information stored on the first storage unit 35 and identifies the rotating body having the rotational period corresponding to the periodic component. Specifically, the identifying unit 33 searches the first storage unit 35 to find the information on the rotating body having the same or similar periodic component as that included in the door operation signal, thereby identifying the rotating body having the periodic component included in the door operation signal in a simple and accurate manner.
  • the door operation signal includes at least one of the speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L, the vibration of the door leaves 3R and 3L, or the electric current of the motor 11, and the signal level of the door operation signal may vary in accordance with time. Therefore, it is possible that the determination unit 32 cannot easily determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component according to the rotational period of a rotating body.
  • the determination unit 32 may compare the door operation signal with a reference signal. More specifically, the determination unit 32 may determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component based on a result of comparison between the door operation signal and a reference signal related to at least one of opening operation or closing operation performed when the rotating body has no abnormality. In this case, the determination unit 32 may determine whether or not the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal includes a periodic component. For example, suppose that the door operation signal relates to the speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L. Since the reference signal related to the speed also vary in accordance with time, the difference signal between the door operation signal related to the speed and the reference signal may be obtained to extract only the periodic component related to the rotational period of the rotating body having an abnormality.
  • the determination unit 32 can easily perform the determination process.
  • the difference signal may also include noise signals, it is also possible to perform Fourier transform on the difference signal, which is a time-series signal, to convert it into a frequency-series signal, compare the frequency-series signal with a threshold value, and determine that the door operation signal includes a periodic component corresponding to the frequency exceeding the threshold value, as described above.
  • each of various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2 has its characteristic periodic component, and when an abnormality occurs in any of the rotating bodies, an abnormality signal according to the periodic component of this rotating body is superposed on the door operation signal. Since the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal includes mainly the abnormality signal mentioned above, the rotating body having the abnormality can be identified by detecting the periodic component in the difference signal.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include a second storage unit 36 that stores the reference signal mentioned above.
  • the reference signal is the door operation signal obtained when the various rotating bodies provided in the electric door device 2 are operating normally, and the reference signal can be generated previously. For example, it can be presumed that all the rotating bodies are operating normally immediately after the electric door device 2 is installed or immediately after maintenance work is completed. Therefore, the reference signal may be generated immediately after installation and then stored on the second storage unit 36.
  • the timing referred to by the phrase "immediately after” is, for example, before the operation of the electric door device 2 is started or resumed. Since the reference signal stored on the second storage unit 36 is then used repeatedly, the second storage unit 36 is preferably a non-volatile memory or a non-volatile storage device.
  • the speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L are not necessarily constant.
  • the door leaves 3R and 3L are typically first accelerated in the acceleration region, then the door leaves 3R and 3L are moved at a constant speed in the constant speed region, and the door leaves 3R and 3L are decelerated in the deceleration region close to the closed position.
  • the determination unit 32 may compare the door operation signal with the reference signal within the time period in which the door leaves are moving at a constant speed (the constant speed region), thereby determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the determination unit 32 may compare the door operation signal with the reference signal within the time period in which the signal level of the door operation signal is constant, thereby determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the determination unit 32 may compare the door operation signal with the reference signal within the time period for the constant speed region of the door in which the signal level of the speed signal is constant, thereby determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the door leaves 3R and 3L When moved from the full open position toward the closed position, the door leaves 3R and 3L are moved at a constant acceleration in the acceleration region, then the door leaves 3R and 3L are moved at a constant speed in the constant speed region, and the door leaves 3R and 3L are moved at a constant acceleration in the deceleration region.
  • the determination unit 32 may determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component in at least one of the acceleration region or the deceleration region, in addition to the constant speed region. In the acceleration region and the deceleration region, the door leaves 3R and 3L move at a constant acceleration.
  • the determination unit corrects the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal with the constant acceleration of the door leaves 3R and 3L, and determines whether or not the corrected signal includes a periodic component. More specifically, when a rotating body has an abnormality, the door operation signal includes a signal component in which the periodic component of the rotating body varies at a constant acceleration. This signal component can be divided by the constant acceleration to obtain the inherent periodic component of the rotating body having the abnormality.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include a first generating unit 37.
  • the first generating unit 37 generates a reference signal based on at least one of the speed instruction for the door leaves 3R and 3L, the temperatures around the rotating bodies, the accumulated operation time of the door leaves 3R and 3L, or the number of times of opening and closing operation.
  • the first generating unit 37 causes the door leaves 3R and 3L to open and close immediately after installation of the electric door device 2, and detect the speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L during the opening or closing operation to generate the reference signal, or obtain the temperatures around the rotating bodies to generate the reference signal based on these temperatures.
  • the reason that the speed instruction for the door leaves 3R and 3L is considered in generating the reference signal is that when the moving speed of the door leaves 3R and 3L changes, the rotational speeds of the rotating bodies change, and the rotational periods also change in accordance with the rotational speeds.
  • the reason that the temperatures around the rotating bodies are considered is that a change in temperature causes the rotating bodies to expand or contract, resulting in a change in the rotational radius and thus a change in the rotational period.
  • a change in temperature may also cause a change in coefficient of friction of the rotating bodies and thus a change in the rotational speed.
  • the reason that the accumulated door operation time or the number of times of opening and closing operation of the door is considered is that, as the accumulated operation time or the number of times of opening and closing operation is larger, the difference in degree of breakage or wear between the rotating bodies may be larger, resulting in different rotational periods.
  • the determination unit 32 may determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component when the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal exceeds a threshold value. With the use of the threshold value, less impact is applied by the disturbance such as noises.
  • the difference signal is a time-series signal. In comparing the difference signal formed of a time-series signal with the threshold value, a time region in which the difference signal has a higher signal level than the threshold value is extracted, and it is determined whether or not the difference signal in the extracted time region includes a periodic component. This makes it possible to remove noise signals having a smaller signal level than the threshold value and determine whether or not the difference signal includes a periodic component.
  • the difference signal has a complex waveform due to noises included in the difference signal, it may be impossible to accurately determine whether or not the difference signal includes a periodic component. Therefore, as described above, it is preferable that the difference signal is first converted into a frequency-series signal and then compared with the threshold value. In this case, the frequency exceeding the threshold value forms the periodic component included in the difference signal. Further, the difference signal is an alternating signal that varies in the positive direction and the negative direction relative to the predetermined reference signal level, and therefore, the difference signal needs to be compared with the threshold value in consideration of the polarity of the difference signal. For example, it is possible to compare the absolute value of the difference signal with the threshold value or to perform the comparison using a first threshold value for comparison with the positive difference signal and a second threshold value for comparison with the negative difference signal.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the present embodiment may include a second generating unit 38.
  • the second generating unit 38 causes the door leaves 3R and 3L to open and close immediately after the door leaves 3R and 3L are installed or immediately after the maintenance work is completed, to generate the reference signal.
  • the reference signal generated is preferably stored on the second storage unit 36.
  • the reference signal is preferably updated with the new reference signal.
  • the processes of the obtaining unit 31 and the determination unit 32 are performed before departure of the railway vehicle, when it carries no passenger, or after the maintenance work is completed but before the railway vehicle carries passengers.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 of the embodiment may be connected to or include a temperature detector 39.
  • the temperature detector 39 detects temperatures around the rotating bodies.
  • the reason that the temperature detector 39 is provided is that the door operation signal may be affected by the temperatures.
  • the second storage unit 36 described above may store a plurality of different reference signals for different temperatures.
  • the reason that a plurality of different reference signals are stored for different temperatures is that a change in temperature causes a rotating body to expand or contract, resulting in a change in the rotational radius and causing the rotational period of the rotating body to be shifted from an expected value.
  • a change in temperature may cause a change in viscosity of a grease provided on the rotational shaft of a rotating body, resulting in a change in the coefficient of friction of the rotating body and causing the rotational period to be shifted from an expected value.
  • the second storage unit 36 stores a plurality of reference signals in association with a plurality of temperatures, and the determination unit 32 reads out from the second storage unit 36 the reference signal associated with the temperature detected by the temperature detector 39 and obtain the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal. In this way, the determination unit 32 can determine whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component in consideration of the temperatures around the rotating bodies.
  • the abnormality detecting device 1 of the embodiment may be connected to or include a vibration detector 40.
  • the vibration detector 40 detects vibration generated when the door leaves 3R and 3L are moving. If any of the rotating bodies included in the electric door device 2 has an abnormality, rotation of this rotating body may cause rattling, resulting in vibration of the door leaves 3R and 3L.
  • the door operation signal includes vibration detected by the vibration detector 40, the rotating body having the abnormality can be identified by the vibration period of the vibration.
  • Fig. 5A is a signal waveform diagram showing an example of a door operation signal obtained by the obtaining unit 31, and Fig. 5B is a signal waveform diagram showing an example of the reference signal.
  • the horizontal axes indicate time, and the vertical axes indicate the signal level of the door operation signal or the reference signal.
  • the door operation signal and the reference signal shown in Figs. 5A and 5B are, for example, the speed signals of the door leaves 3R and 3L.
  • the speed signal of the door leaves 3R and 3L include the acceleration region, the constant speed region, and the deceleration region.
  • an abnormality signal appears that is formed of a periodic component not included in the proper speed signal, as in the signal projection portion shown in Fig. 5A .
  • the determination unit 32 compares the door operation signal of Fig. 5A with the reference signal of Fig. 5B to obtain a difference signal between these signals.
  • the difference signal includes only the abnormality signal having such a signal waveform as shown in Fig. 6A .
  • the difference signal of Fig. 6A includes the abnormality signal formed of the periodic component of the rotating body having the abnormality, but the periodic component of this abnormality signal does not necessarily have regular periods.
  • the abnormality signal included in the difference signal includes a periodic component having a constant frequency in the constant speed region, but the frequency of the periodic component varies in the acceleration region and the deceleration region.
  • the determination unit 33 refers to the periodic component corresponding to the constant speed region of the door leaves 3R and 3L indicated by the broken line in Fig. 6A and identifies the rotating body having the same or similar periodic component.
  • the abnormality signal in the acceleration region and the deceleration region may be corrected with the acceleration of the door leaves 3R and 3L to generate a periodic component having a constant frequency.
  • the door operation signal When all the rotating bodies included in the electric door device 2 are operating normally, the door operation signal has the same signal waveform as the reference signal shown in Fig. 5B . Therefore, the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal obtained by the determination unit 32 includes no periodic component, as in the signal shown in Fig. 6B (zero level).
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing an example of operation of the abnormality detecting device 1 relating to the embodiment.
  • the temperature is detected by the temperature detector 39 (step S1), and the reference signal associated with the detected temperature is selected from the second storage unit 36 (step S2). It is not essential to select the reference signal associated with the temperature. It is also possible that the second storage unit 36 stores a reference signal independent of the temperature, and this reference signal is read out from the second storage unit 36.
  • the door operation signal is obtained by the obtaining unit 31 (step S3).
  • the difference signal between the door operation signal and the reference signal is generated by the determination unit 32 (step S4).
  • step S5 it is determined whether or not the difference signal exceeds a threshold value (step S5).
  • the processing of step S5 may be omitted, but if the difference signal includes a noise component, comparison with the threshold value reduces the impact of the noise included in the difference signal.
  • the difference signal since the difference signal is a time-series signal, as described above, the difference signal may be converted into a frequency-series signal by Fourier transform before the comparison with the threshold value.
  • step S6 If the difference signal is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is determined that none of the rotating bodies has an abnormality (step S6), and the process of Fig. 7 is ended. On the other hand, if the difference signal exceeds the threshold value in any time region, the periodic component is detected based on the time region in which the difference signal exceeds the threshold value (step S7). In the case where the difference signal is converted into a frequency-series signal before the comparison with the threshold value, the frequency of the frequency-series signal exceeding the threshold value is detected as the periodic component.
  • step S8 it is determined whether or not the information on the rotating body having the same or similar periodic component as that included in the difference signal is stored on the first storage unit 35 (step S8).
  • the first storage unit 35 previously stores, for each of the plurality of rotating bodies, the information indicating the value of its characteristic rotational period.
  • step S8 it is determined whether or not the first storage unit 35 stores the information on the rotating body having a rotational period corresponding to the period of the difference signal detected in step S7.
  • step S9 the information on the periodic component included in the difference signal is output.
  • the information output in step S9 or S10 may be sent via the sending unit 28 to a managing device or a mobile terminal carried by a maintenance worker.
  • the determination unit 32 in the abnormality detecting device 1 shown in Fig. 3 may be included in a managing device 42, such as a server, connected to a network 41.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an information processing device 43 including the electric door device 2.
  • the information processing device 43 of Fig. 8 includes the electric door device 2 and the managing device 42 that communicate various information over the network 41.
  • the electric door device 2 in Fig. 8 has the same block configuration as in Fig. 1 .
  • the internal configuration of the abnormality detecting device 1 in the electric door device 2 is partly different from that shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the determination unit 32 which was provided in the abnormality detecting device 1 of Fig. 4 , is provided in the managing device 42.
  • the managing device 42 includes a receiving unit 30, in addition to the determination unit 32.
  • the receiving unit 30 receives via the sending unit 28 the door operation signal obtained by the obtaining unit 31 in the abnormality detecting device 1.
  • the determination unit 32 determines whether or not the door operation signal received by the receiving unit 30 includes a periodic component.
  • the managing device 42 includes the identifying unit 33, the first storage unit 35, the second storage unit 36, the first generating unit 37, and the second generating unit 38 shown in Fig. 4 . Since the managing device 42 includes a CPU (central processing unit) having a higher performance than the electric door device 2, the determination process can be performed at a higher speed than it is performed by the determination unit 32 in the electric door device 2.
  • a CPU central processing unit
  • the determination result obtained by the determination unit 32 in the managing device 42 may be either communicated to the electric door device 2 over the network 41 or sent to the mobile terminal carried by the maintenance worker.
  • the electric door device 2 includes various rotating bodies, and each of the rotating bodies has its characteristic frequency component.
  • the signal level of the door operation signal is varied at a period characteristic of this rotating body. Therefore, in the embodiment, the abnormality of the rotating body can be detected quickly by determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component.
  • the abnormality of the rotating body can be detected quickly and accurately without being affected by disturbances.
  • the abnormality of any rotating body can be detected by determining whether or not the door operation signal includes a periodic component, without directly inspecting the various rotating bodies included in the electric door device 2. Therefore, it is possible to easily identify the rotating body having the abnormality and thus reduce the labor of the maintenance worker.
  • At least some of the constituent parts of the abnormality detecting device 1 and the information processing device 43 described in the above embodiments may be implemented through hardware or software. If the software is used, at least some of the functions of the abnormality detecting device and the information processing device are implemented by a program, and the program may be stored on a storage medium such as a flexible disc and a CD-ROM and executed when read by a computer.
  • the storage medium is not limited to detachable ones such as magnetic and optical discs, and may be stationary storage media such as hard disk devices and memory devices.
  • the functions of the abnormality detecting device and the information processing device may be implemented by a program, and the program may be distributed through communication lines (including wireless communication) such as the Internet.
  • the program may be encrypted, modulated or compressed to be distributed through wired or wireless lines such as the Internet or on storage media.

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EP21197123.9A 2020-09-16 2021-09-16 Dispositif de détection d'anomalie, programme, procédé de détection d'anomalie et dispositif de traitement d'informations Withdrawn EP4023848A1 (fr)

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