EP4021237A1

EP4021237A1 - Shoe and method for making a shoe

Info

Publication number: EP4021237A1
Application number: EP20758214.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Michael Klein; Dietmar Schulte; Stefan SIBERT
Original assignee: Falke KGaA
Current assignee: Falke KGaA
Priority date: 2019-08-30
Filing date: 2020-08-19
Publication date: 2022-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-19
Also published as: WO2021037642A1; EP4021237B1; DE102019123365A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a shoe comprising a shoe upper part and a sole, wherein the shoe upper part comprises an upper portion that, when the shoe is being worn, is disposed on an upper side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe, and the upper portion of the shoe upper part comprises a fabric, in which moisture resulting from a sweating foot of the wearer of the shoe is particularly effectively removed from the interior of the shoe. According to the invention, the shoe upper part comprises a sole-side portion which, when the shoe is being worn, is arranged on a sole side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe, wherein the sole-side portion comprises a fabric and the upper portion and/or the sole-side portion of the shoe upper part comprises a first yarn containing a hydrophobic synthetic fibre material and a second yarn containing a synthetic fibre material or a hydrophilic natural fibre material.

Description

Shoe and method of making a shoe

The present invention relates to a shoe which comprises an upper and a sole, wherein the upper comprises an upper section which, when the shoe is worn, is arranged on an upper side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe, and wherein the upper section of the upper is a knitted fabric includes.

The present invention is based on the object of creating a shoe of the type mentioned at the outset in which moisture from a sweaty foot of the wearer of the shoe is particularly effectively transported away from the interior of the shoe.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a shoe with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in that the shoe upper comprises a sole-side section which, when the shoe is worn, is arranged on a sole-side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe, the sole-side section being a knitted fabric comprises and wherein the upper section and / or the sole-side section of the shoe upper comprises a first yarn which contains a hydrophobic synthetic fiber material, and a second yarn which contains a - preferably hydrophilic - synthetic fiber material or a hydrophilic natural fiber material.

The combination of the first yarn and the second yarn in the at least partially knitted shoe upper brings about a particularly effective removal of moisture, in particular sweat, through the shoe upper into the area of the sole of the shoe.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the first yarn comprises a polyamide material, a polyethylene material and / or a polypropylene material. The second yarn can comprise a polyamide material, a polyethylene material and / or a polypropylene material.

The second yarn preferably comprises a wool material, a cotton material, a viscose material and / or a lyocell material.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the knitted fabric of the shoe upper has an inner layer which, when the shoe is worn, faces the foot of the wearer of the shoe, and an outer layer which, when the shoe is worn, faces away from the foot of the wearer of the shoe , includes.

In principle, it can be provided that the outer layer of the knitted fabric includes the first yarn and / or the inner layer of the knitted fabric includes the second yarn.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, it is provided that the inner layer comprises the first yarn and / or the outer layer comprises the second yarn.

In particular, it can be provided that the inner layer is formed predominantly from the first yarn and / or the outer layer is formed predominantly from the second yarn.

It is particularly favorable if the second yarn comprises a hydrophilic material.

The moisture is then transported from the foot of the wearer and optionally through an item of legwear worn by the wearer of the shoe, for example a sock or a stocking, and through the hydrophobic inner layer into the hydrophilic outer layer of the knitted fabric of the shoe upper. Between the foot of the wearer or the legwear on the one hand and the knitted fabric of the shoe upper on the other hand, an insole - preferably air-permeable - can be arranged.

The leg clothing, for example the sock or stocking, is preferably formed from one or more hydrophilic yarns.

The shoe upper encloses the foot of the wearer in the worn state of the shoe like a sock or a stocking.

It is preferably provided that the upper section and the section of the shoe upper on the sole side are knitted in one piece with one another.

It is particularly favorable if the shoe upper is essentially completely formed from a, preferably two-layer, knitted fabric.

The shoe upper is preferably formed from a shoe upper preform, which is brought into a shape adapted to the last (shaped piece that is modeled on a foot) and / or to the shape of the foot of the wearer of the shoe and in this form by sewing the edges of the shoe upper -Before form is fixed.

In particular, it can be provided that the shoe upper has a sole-side seam at which two partial areas of the sole-side section of the shoe upper are sewn to one another.

The sewing can be done in particular by strobeing, the two sections of the shoe upper to be sewn together being sewn to one another without an overlap on the edge.

The knitted fabric of the shoe upper can be knitted flat. As an alternative to this, it can also be provided that the knitted fabric of the shoe upper is knitted in a circular manner.

In a preferred invention it is provided that the sole of the shoe comprises a knitted spacer fabric.

The knitted spacer is preferably materially connected to the shoe upper.

In order to enable the most unhindered transport of moisture from the upper into the knitted spacer fabric, it is advantageous if the upper side of the knitted spacer fabric is not cohesively connected to the upper over its entire surface.

Rather, it has proven to be beneficial if a connection area of the upper side of the knitted spacer fabric facing the upper facing the upper part of the knitted spacer fabric makes up at most 90%, in particular 80% at most, of the area of the upper side of the knitted spacer fabric facing the upper.

It is also advantageous if a connection area of the upper side of the knitted spacer facing the upper facing the upper, which is integrally connected to the upper, makes up at least 30%, in particular at least 40%, particularly preferably at least 50%, of the area of the upper side of the knitted spacer facing the upper.

Preferably, at least one outer edge of the knitted spacer is materially connected to the upper along its entire circumference. The knitted spacer fabric comprises an upper carrier layer, a lower carrier layer and an intermediate layer which is arranged between the upper carrier layer and the lower carrier layer and which comprises at least one spacer thread, by means of which the upper carrier layer and the lower carrier layer are kept at a distance from one another.

The moisture coming from the upper part of the shoe can be passed on through the open meshes of the upper carrier layer and can reach the intermediate layer of the knitted spacer fabric stretched by the spacer threads, where it evaporates. With each step of the wearer of the shoe, the moist air is pressed laterally through the edge of the intermediate layer and down through the open meshes of the lower carrier layer. This leads to a pumping effect which again draws new, moist air and / or moisture from the upper through the upper carrier layer of the knitted spacer into the intermediate layer of the knitted spacer.

To reinforce the moisture-conducting function of the upper carrier layer of the knitted spacer fabric, it can be provided that the upper carrier layer contains at least one hydrophilic yarn.

In order to avoid the development of odors in the area of the knitted spacer fabric, it can be provided that the upper carrier layer of the knitted spacer fabric contains at least one yarn with an antibacterial property.

The cohesive connection of the knitted spacer fabric with the shoe upper can be made, for example, by welding and / or by gluing, in particular by means of a breathable adhesive.

Optionally, the shoe can comprise a midsole which is fixed on an underside of the knitted spacer fabric. Such a midsole can at least partially cover a lateral outer edge of the knitted spacer fabric.

The midsole preferably has cushioning properties.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the midsole has a three-dimensional profiling on its upper side facing the spacer knitted fabric.

As a result, the midsole, the three-dimensional profiling of which presses through the knitted spacer fabric and the sole-side section of the shoe upper, forms a footbed, in particular with the support of the transverse arch and / or the longitudinal arch of the wearer of the shoe.

This makes it possible to dispense with insoles when wearing the shoe, which could interfere with the removal of moisture from the interior of the shoe upper.

In order not to hinder the escape of moist air from the knitted spacer fabric, the midsole preferably comprises at least one ventilation recess through which air can escape from the knitted spacer fabric into the surroundings of the shoe.

Such a ventilation recess can in particular be arranged on the underside and / or on an outer edge of the midsole.

Optionally, the shoe can comprise an outsole which is attached to an underside of the midsole.

If no midsole is provided, the outsole can be attached directly to an underside of the knitted spacer fabric. In principle, it can be provided that the shoe has neither a midsole nor an outsole.

If a midsole is provided which comprises at least one ventilation recess, the outsole preferably has at least one ventilation recess which is in fluid connection with the at least one ventilation recess of the midsole.

This creates a continuous ventilation path from the knitted spacer fabric, in particular the intermediate layer of the knitted spacer fabric, through the midsole and the outsole of the shoe into the outer space of the shoe.

The upper carrier layer and / or the lower carrier layer of the knitted spacer fabric preferably comprises at least one elastic yarn.

Due to the elastic resilience of the at least one elastic yarn in the upper carrier layer and / or in the lower carrier layer of the knitted spacer fabric, the upper carrier layer or the lower carrier layer contract again when the knitted spacer fabric is relieved of the pressure acting on the knitted spacer fabric when it occurs, and the spacer threads of the intermediate layer stand up again, so that the knitted spacer fabric is restored to its original height, as it was before the pressure load.

Due to the deformation of the spacer knitted fabric when walking, when the spacer knitted fabric is subjected to pressure by the contact of the shoe with the ground and by a shift in weight of the wearer of the shoe on the shoe, and the subsequent re-erection of the spacer knitted fabric comes when the pressure is relieved It creates a pumping effect through which moist air escapes from the intermediate layer and further air flows into the intermediate layer of the spacer knitted fabric. This brings about effective ventilation of the shoe, since the knitted spacer fabric is arranged under a knitted shoe upper, through the mesh of which air can pass from the interior of the shoe upper into the knitted spacer fabric of the shoe sole.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer has a thickness of at least 0.15 mm, in particular of at least 0.20 mm. It is particularly favorable if all spacer threads of the intermediate layer have a thickness of at least 0.15 mm, in particular of at least 0.20 mm.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer has a thickness of at most 0.40 mm, in particular of at most 0.30 mm. It when all spacer threads of the intermediate layer have a thickness of at most 0.40 mm, in particular of at most 0.30 mm, is particularly favorable.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer has a thickness of approximately 0.25 mm. It is particularly favorable if all the spacer threads of the intermediate layer have a thickness of approximately 0.25 mm.

In a special embodiment of the invention it is provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer is designed as a single thread (monofilament). In particular, it can be provided that all spacer threads of the intermediate layer are each designed as a single thread.

As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer is designed as a multifilament. In particular, it can be provided that all spacer threads of the intermediate layer are each designed as a multifilament. In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is further provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer comprises a polyethylene material, a polyamide material and / or a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) material. It is particularly favorable if all spacer threads of the intermediate layer comprise a polyethylene material, a polyamide material and / or a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) material.

In particular, it can be provided that at least one spacer thread of the intermediate layer is formed essentially completely from a polyethylene material, a polyamide material and / or a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) material. It is particularly favorable if all the spacer threads of the intermediate layer are formed essentially completely from a polyethylene material, a polyamide material and / or a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) material.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the elastic yarn in the upper carrier layer and / or in the lower carrier layer is formed from one or more elastic threads with a total fineness of at least 500 dtex.

In addition, it can be provided that the elastic yarn in the upper carrier layer and / or in the lower carrier layer is formed from one or more elastic threads with a total fineness of at most 700 dtex.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the upper carrier layer and / or the lower carrier layer comprises stitches formed from a stitch-forming yarn into which an elastic compression yarn is knitted as a catch insert. For the resilience of the knitted spacer fabric during the walking process, it is particularly favorable if the loop-forming yarn comprises at least one elastic thread.

The elastic knitting yarn and / or the elastic compression yarn can in particular comprise elastane.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the elastic compression yarn and / or the loop-forming yarn comprise a hot-melt adhesive thread.

The knitted spacer fabric can be heat-treated.

In particular, it can be provided that the knitted spacer fabric is steamed at a temperature of preferably at least 90 ° C, in particular at least 100 ° C, and / or preferably at most 130 ° C, in particular at most 120 ° C. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the knitted spacer fabric is steamed at a temperature of approximately 110 ° C.

The heat treatment, in particular the steaming, of the spacer knit causes the elastic yarn or threads to contract in the upper carrier layer and / or in the lower carrier layer of the spacer knitted fabric, whereby the spacer threads of the intermediate layer are further erected.

The spacer knitted fabric can be knitted to the desired shape of the sole.

As an alternative to this, it can be provided that the knitted spacer is separated from a knitted or warp-knitted sheet material, for example by punching or cutting out, in particular by laser cutting or by mechanical cutting. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a shoe comprising an upper and a sole.

The present invention is based on the further object of using such a method to create a shoe in which moisture is transported away particularly efficiently from the sweaty foot of the wearer of the shoe.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a shoe which comprises an upper and a sole which comprises the following:

Knitting a knitted fabric of the shoe upper using a first yarn, which comprises a hydrophobic synthetic fiber material, and a second yarn, which comprises a synthetic fiber material or a hydrophilic natural fiber material; wherein the shoe upper comprises a section on the sole side which, in the worn state of the shoe, is arranged on a sole side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe.

Preferably, the entire shoe upper is essentially produced as a knitted fabric.

The knitted fabric of the shoe upper can be produced by flat knitting.

As an alternative to this, it can also be provided that the knitted fabric of the shoe upper is produced by circular knitting. The advantages of the method according to the invention for producing a shoe as well as special embodiments of this method have already been explained above in connection with special embodiments of the shoe according to the invention.

The method according to the invention for producing a shoe is particularly suitable for producing a shoe according to the invention.

The shoe according to the invention has a moisture management system which brings about a particularly effective removal of moisture from the sweaty foot of the wearer of the shoe. Furthermore, the development of odor in the shoe is largely avoided.

The moisture is preferably transported by the sweaty foot of the wearer into a knitted spacer fabric, where it evaporates particularly effectively.

The moisture management system of the shoe according to the invention preferably causes a halo effect, in which the moisture arriving in the upper carrier layer is distributed over a large area by a hydrophilic yarn in the upper carrier layer and the knitted spacer thus acts as a transport accelerator for the moisture in the moisture management system.

Moisture caused by the release of sweat at the foot of the wearer can get through the open-meshed knitted fabric of an item of legwear worn by the wearer of the shoe, for example a sock or stocking, if present, and the open-meshed knitted fabric of the shoe upper part in the open-meshed upper carrier layer of the spacer knitted fabric. The moisture then migrates down along the spacer threads of the intermediate layer of the knitted spacer fabric, the spacer threads forcing this moisture transport. At the latest in the lower backing layer of the knitted spacer fabric, the moisture evaporates very quickly through a constant exchange of air, which is caused in the knitted spacer fabric by a pumping effect when walking.

The upper and / or the upper carrier layer of the knitted spacer fabric preferably have one or more moisture-conducting yarns in order to promote the effect of the moisture-conducting system.

The optional outsole of the shoe serves as protection against slipping as well as protection against excessive wear of the midsole, if any, and / or the knitted spacer fabric.

The upper section and / or the sole-side section of the shoe upper can optionally contain at least one yarn with anti-microbial properties.

The midsole is preferably made of a shock absorbing material. In particular, it can be provided that the midsole comprises an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) material and / or a polyurethane (PU) material.

The Shore A hardness of the midsole is preferably at least 20 and / or preferably at most 50, in particular at most 40. In particular, it can be provided that the Shore A hardness of the material of the midsole is approximately 30.

The outsole can in particular comprise a hard rubber material, a carbon rubber material, a rubber material or a mixture of one of the aforementioned materials. The outsole is preferably formed from one of the aforementioned materials or from a mixture of such materials. The midsole and / or the outsole can be connected to the knitted spacer fabric, for example, by gluing, casting on, injection molding or by producing the midsole or the outsole in a 3D printing process on the knitted spacer fabric.

The outsole can be connected to the midsole, if present, by gluing, casting, injection molding or by creating the outsole in a 3D printing process on the midsole.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the graphic representation of Ausführungsbei play.

In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a shoe, which is a knitted shoe

Upper part, a sole made of a knitted spacer fabric, an intermediate sole with ventilation recesses and an outsole comprises;

FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the shoe from FIG. 1, looking towards a side surface of the shoe; FIG.

3 is a schematic exploded view of the shoe from FIGS.

1 and 2, looking towards a rear side of the shoe;

4 shows a plan view of the outsole of the shoe from FIGS. 1 to

3, looking from below;

5 shows a plan view of an upper preform of the shoe from FIGS. 1 to 4; Fig. 6 is a loop diagram showing the production of the Abstandsge knit on a flat knitting machine;

Fig. 7 is a loop diagram showing the manufacture of the shoe upper

Representing preform on a flat knitting machine.

Fig. 8 is a loop diagram showing the manufacture of the shoe upper

Represents a preform on a circular knitting machine according to a first type of weave;

Fig. 9 is a loop diagram showing the manufacture of the shoe upper

Represents a preform on a circular knitting machine according to a second type of weave; and

10 is a loop diagram showing the manufacture of the shoe upper preform on a circular knitting machine according to a third type of weave.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in all figures.

A shoe shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, designated as a whole by 100, comprises an upper 102, which is also referred to as "upper", a sole 104 which adjoins an underside of the upper 102 and comprises a knitted spacer fabric 106 midsole 108 adjoining an underside of sole 104, which partially covers a lateral outer edge of knitted fabric 106, and an outsole 110 adjoining the underside of midsole 108.

The upper 102 is formed from a knitted fabric 112 which, like a stocking, encloses both an upper side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100 and the entire sole of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100. The shoe upper 102 comprises an upper section 114, which is arranged in the worn state of the shoe 100 on an upper side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100, and a sole-side section 116 which in the worn state of the shoe 100 on a sole side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100 is arranged.

The shoe upper 102 is formed from the shoe upper preform 118 shown in FIG. 5.

The upper preform 118 comprises the upper section 114 and two partial areas 120a and 120b of the sole-side section 116 of the upper 102, each of which adjoins one of the opposite edges of the upper section 114 of the upper 102 along a bending line 122a, 122b.

After the shoe upper preform 118 has been brought into the final shape of the shoe upper 102 enclosing the last (shaped piece that is modeled on the shape of a foot) or the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100, the two sole-side subregions 120a and 120b of the sole-side section become 116 at their edges 124a and 124b facing away from the upper section 114 of the upper 102, which edges bear against one another in the final shape of the upper 102, fixed to one another, preferably by sewing.

In particular, it can be provided that the sewing is carried out by strobeing, that is to say the subregions 120a, 120b of the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102 resting against one another without overlapping are sewn to one another at the edge. Likewise, a left sub-area 126a and a right sub-area 126b of the upper section 114 of the shoe upper 102 are attached to one another at their rear edges 128a and 128b, for example by sewing.

The sewing of the subareas 126a and 126b of the upper portion 114 of the shoe upper 102 is preferably carried out by strobe, that is, the left subarea 126a and the right subarea 126b are sewn to one another without overlapping on edge.

The toe of the upper 102 is closed in that the front edges 130a and 130b of the sub-areas 120a and 120b of the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102 each have a front edge 132a of the left sub-area 126a and a front edge 132b of the right sub-area 126b of the upper portion 114 of the shoe upper 102 can be set, for example by sewing.

This sewing is preferably done by strobe, that is, the left sub-area 126a of the upper section 114 of the shoe upper 102 is sewn without overlapping on the edge with the left sub-area 120a of the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102, and the right sub-area 126b of the upper section 114 of the shoe upper 102 is sewn without an overlap on the edge with the right partial area 120b of the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102.

The shoe upper preform 118 can be knitted on a knitting machine to the shape shown in FIG. 5, or, alternatively, knitted to a larger shape and then separated from the larger shape, for example punched out or cut out. The shoe upper 102 can have lace openings 130 which, for example, are separated from the shoe upper preform 118, for example punched out or cut out, or knitted into the shoe upper preform 118.

The shoelace openings 130 serve to receive a shoelace 132 (see FIG. 1).

The shoe upper preform 118 is knitted on a flat knitting machine or on a circular knitting machine, the course direction 134 of the knitted fabric 112 of the shoe upper 102 preferably being oriented transversely, in particular perpendicular, to a longitudinal direction 136 of the shoe 100 and a wale direction 138 of the knitted fabric 112 of the shoe upper 102 is preferably aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction 136 of the shoe 100 before.

The knitted fabric 112 of the upper 102 comprises an inner layer 140 which, when the shoe 100 is worn, faces the wearer's foot, and an outer layer 142 which, when the shoe 100 is worn, faces away from the wearer's foot.

The inner layer 140 comprises a first yarn 146 which contains a hydrophobic synthetic fiber material.

The outer layer 142 comprises a second yarn 148 which contains a - preferably hydrophilic - synthetic fiber material and / or a hydrophilic natural fiber material.

The first yarn 146 preferably comprises a hydrophobic polyamide material, a hydrophobic polyethylene material and / or a hydrophobic polypropylene material. This yarn preferably has a fineness of at least 500 dtex, in particular special of at least 700 dtex.

Furthermore, this yarn preferably has a fineness of at most 1,100 dtex, in particular of at most 900 dtex.

For example, five double threads, each with a fineness of 78 dtex, can be used, which results in a total fineness of 780 dtex.

The second yarn 148 preferably comprises a wool material, a cotton material, a viscose material and / or a lyocell material.

In addition to the hydrophobic first yarn 146, the inner layer 140 of the shoe upper 102 can comprise at least one additional yarn, for example an antibacterial yarn.

In addition to the second yarn 148, the outer layer 142 of the shoe upper 102 can comprise at least one further yarn, for example at least one additional hydrophilic yarn and / or at least one antibacterial yarn.

In a preferred manufacturing method for the shoe upper 102, the shoe upper preform 118 is knitted on a flat knitting machine as shown schematically in the loop diagram of FIG.

In the loop diagram of FIG. 7, the knitting processes for successive courses 152 are each separated from one another by a horizontal continuous line 144. Within each knitting row 152, the upper row of dots symbolizes the rear row of needles of the flat knitting machine and the lower row of dots the front row of needles of the flat knitting machine. For example, the outer layer 142 is knitted from the second yarn 148 with the front row of needles. For example, the inner layer 140 is knitted from the first yarn 146 with the rear row of needles.

Conversely, it could also be provided that the inner layer 140 is knitted from the first yarn with the front row of needles and the outer layer 142 is knitted from the second yarn with the rear row of needles.

The loop pattern of FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, a preferred type of weave for producing the shoe upper preform 118 on a flat knitting machine. For design reasons in particular, other bonds can also be knitted, but always with a back and a front row being knitted.

According to FIG. 7, only the front row of needles or the rear row of needles is actuated in each knitting row 152. However, only the front row of needles could be actuated in two or more consecutive rows of knitting 152 and then only the rear row of needles in two or more consecutive rows of knitting 152, or vice versa.

A row 152 in which the front row of needles is operated is followed in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 by a row 152 in which the rear row of needles is operated. In the row of needles operated in each case, one stitch is knitted with each needle 150, so that a continuous knitted fabric is produced in both the inner layer 140 and the outer layer 142.

It can also be provided that the shoe upper preform 118 is knitted according to a different type of weave, in which the first yarn 146 and / or the second yarn 148 is knitted partly in the rear row of needles and partly in the front row of needles. For example, with every third needle (or in general: with every n-th needle) the yarn can be fetched from the rear needle bed into the front needle bed and / or the yarn from the front needle bed into the rear needle bed

Preferably, however, the inner layer 140 is formed predominantly from the first yarn 146 and / or the outer layer 142 is formed predominantly from the second yarn 148.

As an alternative to producing the upper 102 on a flat knitting machine, the upper 102 can also be produced on a circular knitting machine, as shown schematically in FIG. 8.

8 shows the loop pattern of the circular knitting machine for a first type of weave.

Each needle 150 of the circular knitting machine is shown twice in each knitting row 152 in order to show the different knit weaves with which the first yarn 146 in the inner layer 140 and the second yarn 148 in the outer layer 142 are knitted.

A loop is knitted from the second yarn 148 in each knitting course 152 with each needle 150.

In the first type of weave shown in FIG. 8, the first thread 146 is laid in a 1: 3 tying weave, that is, the first thread 146 is laid on a needle 150a and lies float over the three subsequent needles 150, whereupon it is then again in the next needle 150a is inserted.

The needles 150a, into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152, are offset from one another, for example by two needles 150 each. Both the first yarn 146 and the second yarn 148 are preferably each composed of several threads.

In a second type of weave, the loop pattern of which is shown on a circular knitting machine in FIG. 9, the first yarn 146 is laid in a tuck binding 1: 1, that is, the first yarn 146 is laid on a needle 150a and lies over the next one Needle 150 floating, whereupon it is then inserted again into the next needle 150a.

The needles into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152 are each offset from one another by one needle 150.

In a third type of weave, the loop pattern of which is shown on a circular knitting machine in FIG. 10, the first thread 146 is laid in a tuck weave 1: 1 as in the second type of weave shown in FIG a needle 150a is inserted and lies afloat over the next needle 150, whereupon it is then inserted again into the next needle 150a.

The needles 150a, into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152, are not offset from one another.

The types of weave with offset or without offset of the needles 150a, into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152, do not differ functionally, but only with regard to their appearance.

As an alternative to the three types of weave described above, provision can also be made for the first thread 146 to be laid in a 1: 5 tying weave, that is, the first thread 146 is laid on a needle 150a and lies float above the five subsequent needles 150, whereupon it is then inserted again into the next needle 150a. The needles 150a, into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152, can be offset from one another by any number of needles 150 or not offset from one another.

In general, the first thread 146 can be laid in a tuck tie 1: n, that is, the first thread 146 is laid on a needle 150a and lies float over the n subsequent needles, whereupon it is then inserted again into the next needle 150a.

The needles 150a, into which the first yarn 146 is inserted in successive rows of knitting 152, can be offset from one another by any number of needles 150 or not offset from one another.

The smaller the number of needles 150 over which the first yarn lies, the more yarn is available for draining off the moisture, the more voluminous the inner layer 140 becomes and the greater its moisture conductivity.

It has been found that the inner layer 150 is the most voluminous when using a 1: 3 or 1: 5 tuck bond.

In principle, the first yarn 146 and the second yarn 148 can also be interchanged with one another, that is to say the first yarn 146 is then knitted in the outer layer 142 and the second yarn 148 is knitted in the inner layer 140.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the second yarn 148 contains a, preferably hydrophobic, polyamide material, polyethylene material and / or polypropylene material. In particular, it can be provided that the second thread 148 is identical to the first thread 146.

The knitted spacer fabric 106 from which the sole 104 is formed and which is also referred to as a “spacer” comprises an upper carrier layer 154, a lower carrier layer 156 and an intermediate layer 158 arranged between the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156.

The upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 are preferably identical to one another.

In particular, it can be provided that the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 are each formed from a plurality of elastic threads, in particular special elastane threads, with a total fineness of 500 dtex to 700 dtex.

For example, it can be provided that the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 are each formed from six elastane threads, each with a fineness of 104 dtex.

The intermediate layer 158 is formed from stiff spacer threads 160, which are also referred to as pile threads.

These stiff spacer threads 160 hold the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 at a distance from one another.

The spacer threads 160 can each be designed as a single thread (monofilament) or as a multifilament (twisted from several threads).

The spacer threads 160 can in particular comprise polyethylene, polyamide and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The thickness of the spacer threads is preferably at least 0.15 mm.

Furthermore, the thickness of the spacer threads is preferably at most 0.40 mm.

The knitted spacer can be knitted as a sheet material from which the sole 104 is separated in the desired shape, for example by punching, laser cutting or mechanical cutting.

As an alternative to this, the knitted spacer fabric 106 can already be knitted with the desired outer contour on the knitting machine.

The knitted spacer fabric 106 is preferably produced or knitted on a flat knitting machine.

A method for producing the spacer fabric 106 on a flat knitting machine is explained below with reference to the stitch pattern of FIG.

In the loop pattern according to FIG. 6 knitted rows 152 follow one another from top to bottom and are separated from one another by horizontal solid lines 162.

In each knitting row 152, the upper points symbolize the needles 150 of the rear row of needles and the lower points symbolize the needles 150 of the front row of needles of the flat knitting machine.

First, the intermediate layer 158 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 is produced in the first region 164 of the loop pattern of FIG. 6 by inserting the spacer thread 160 alternately into a needle 150a of the rear row of needles and a needle 150a of the front row of needles. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the spacer thread 160 is inserted as a catch in every fifteenth needle both in the rear row of needles and in the front row of needles, so that the spacer thread 160 lies afloat over 14 needles in each row of needles.

The number n of needles over which the spacer thread 160 is floating can be selected freely. The smaller n is, the smaller the distance between the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 becomes.

From row 152 to row 152, the needles 150a, into which the spacer thread 160 is inserted as a catch, are offset from one another in such a way that the spacer thread 160 is finally inserted into each needle 150.

Subsequently, in the second region 166 of the loop pattern of FIG. 6, an elastic compression yarn 168 is inserted as a catch into every second needle 150a of the front row of needles and into every second needle 150a of the rear row of needles.

This process is repeated with an offset of one needle, so that the elastic compression yarn 168 is finally laid as a catch in each needle 150 of the rear row of needles and in each needle 150 of the front row of needles.

Instead of every second needle 150a, the elastic compression yarn can also be tucked into every m-th needle 150a of the front row of needles and into every m-th needle 150a of the rear row of needles, with m> 2. The loops of the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 of the spacer knitted fabric 106 are then formed in the third area 170 of the loop pattern of FIG 150 of the back row of needles is inserted and knitted.

Between the stitch-forming needles 150, the elastic Maschenbil formation yarn 172 is in each case afloat.

This process is repeated until one stitch has been knitted from each needle 150 of the front needle row and each needle 150 of the rear needle row.

The smaller the number of needles 150 on which a loop is knitted per row 152, the more rows 152 are required to form the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156, and the higher the mechanical stability of the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower support layer 156.

By means of the knitting technique described above and shown in FIG. 6, the elastic compression yarn 168 is knitted into the stitches of the elastic stitching yarn 172 as a catch insert, so that the elastic compression yarn 168 remains in the upper carrier layer 154 or in the lower carrier layer 156 and not in the Interlayer 158 is pulled.

Furthermore, the knitted spacer fabric 106 is given a high degree of elasticity by the knitting technique described. When pressure is exerted from above, that is, from the side of the upper part 102, on the knitted spacer fabric 106, the stitches of the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 are pressed wide, and the spacer threads 160 lie flat, whereby the knitted spacer fabric 106 in total including becomes flatter.

When the knitted spacer fabric 106 is relieved of the pressure, the upper carrier layer 154 and the lower carrier layer 156 contract again due to the resilience of the stitches made from the elastic stitch-forming yarn 172 and due to the elastic restoring force of the elastic compression yarn 168 inserted as a catch, and the spacer threads 160 provide up again, so that the knitted spacer fabric 106 regains its original height.

The elastic compression yarn 168 and the elastic knitting yarn 172 form elastic yarns 174 contained in the upper carrier layer 154 and in the lower carrier layer 156 of the spacer knitted fabric 106.

The elastic knitting yarn 172 can for example consist of two threads of polyamide and two threads of elastane, which are knitted together like one thread.

The elastic compression yarn 168 can consist of two or more threads of elastane, for example.

In an alternative embodiment of the knitted spacer fabric 106, the elastic loop-forming yarn 172 can consist of n threads of elastane, for example four threads of elastane, which are knitted together like one thread.

The elastic compression yarn 168 can in this case consist of two threads of elastane. In a further alternative embodiment of the knitted spacer fabric 106, the elastic loop-forming yarn 172 can consist of four threads of elastane which are knitted together like one thread.

In this case, the elastic compression yarn can consist of two threads of elastane and an additional hot-melt adhesive thread.

The knitted spacer fabric 106 produced on the flat knitting machine is preferably steamed at a temperature of 90.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., in particular at a temperature of 110.degree. As a result of this heat treatment, the elastic yarns 174 in the upper carrier layer 154 and in the lower carrier layer 156 contract, which causes the spacer threads 160 in the intermediate layer 158 to straighten up further.

The upper carrier layer 154 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 of the sole 104 can comprise, in addition to the elastic yarns 174 or instead of one of the elastic yarns 174, a yarn with hydrophilic properties and / or a yarn with antibacterial properties.

The sole 104, designed as a knitted spacer fabric 106, is preferably cohesively connected to the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102, in particular by welding or by gluing, for example by means of a breathable adhesive.

In order to achieve better moisture conductivity of the contact area between the upper 102 and the knitted spacer fabric 106, the entire area of the top 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106, which faces the upper 102, is preferably not cohesively connected to the upper 102, but rather remains Part of the surface of the upper side 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 not connected to the shoe upper 102. Preferably, an outer edge of the knitted spacer fabric 106 is materially connected to the upper 102 of the shoe.

The connection area of the upper side 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 facing the upper 102, which is materially connected to the upper 102, preferably comprises at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of the area of the upper side 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 facing the upper 102.

Furthermore, the materially bonded connection area of the upper side 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 facing the upper 102 comprises at most 90%, in particular at most 80%, of the area of the upper side 176 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 facing the upper 102.

The midsole 108 preferably comprises a shock absorbing material, for example a polyurethane material and / or an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) material.

The Shore A hardness of the material of the midsole 108 is preferably at least 20 and / or preferably at most 50. For example, the Shore A hardness of the material of the midsole 108 can be approximately 30.

The midsole 108 can be fixed to the knitted spacer fabric 106, for example, by gluing, casting on, injection molding or by applying the midsole 108 to the knitted spacer fabric 106 in a 3D printing process.

The midsole 108 is preferably pulled upwards at its outer edge over the outer edge of the sole 104 designed as a knitted spacer fabric 106 (see FIG. 1). The midsole 108 is provided with ventilation recesses 178 along its outer edge and / or on its underside (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

Through these ventilation recesses 178 in the midsole 108, moist air can escape from the knitted spacer fabric 106, in particular from the interlayer 158 of the knitted spacer fabric 106, through the midsole 108 into the vicinity of the shoe 100.

In the embodiment shown, the midsole 108 has a three-dimensional profiling on its upper side 180, which faces the knitted spacer fabric 106, which elevations corresponding to a healthy footbed, in particular to support the longitudinal arch and the transverse arch of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100, includes.

The three-dimensional profiling of the midsole 108 is pushed upward through the sole 104, which is formed from the knitted spacer fabric 106, and through the sole-side section 116 of the shoe upper 102, so that in the interior of the shoe upper 102 on the sole of the foot of the wearer of the shoe 100 a footbed is created.

It is therefore not necessary, when wearing the shoe 100, to use separate inserts which would hinder the removal of moisture from the shoe.

In an alternative embodiment of the midsole 108, the same does not have any three-dimensional profiling; In this case, it can be useful to insert an insole, preferably air-permeable, into the upper 102 of the shoe. The outsole 110 arranged under the midsole 108 and fixed to the midsole 108 is preferably formed from a rubber material, from a hard rubber material, from a carbon rubber material or from a mixture of such materials.

The outer sole 110 serves to protect the wearer of the shoe 100 from slipping and to protect the shoe 100, in particular the midsole 108, from excessive wear.

The outer sole 110 has ventilation recesses 182 on its outer edge and / or on its underside, which are essentially aligned with a respective ventilation recess 178 of the midsole 108, whereby the intermediate layer 158 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 passes through the ventilation recesses 178 of the midsole 108 and the venting recesses 182 of the outsole 110 is in contact with the surroundings of the shoe 100, so that moist air from the intermediate layer 158 of the spacer knitted fabric 106 through the venting recesses 178 of the midsole 108 and through the venting recesses 182 of the outsole 110 can escape into the vicinity of the shoe 100.

Due to the described structure of the shoe 100, a moisture management system is formed in the same, which makes it possible to transport moisture from the sweaty foot of the wearer of the shoe 100 out of the shoe 100 and largely to prevent the formation of odorous substances.

The moisture generated by the formation of sweat when the shoe 100 is worn gets through the meshes of a knitted sock which the wearer of the shoe 100 wears and which is preferably formed from one or more yarns with hydrophilic properties, and through the meshes of the knitted fabric 112 of the The sole-side section 116 of the upper 102 and through the open meshes of the upper carrier layer 154 the sole 104 designed as a spacer knitted fabric 106 into the intermediate layer 158 of the spacer knitted fabric 106 spanned by the spacer threads 160, where this moisture evaporates.

With each step of the wearer of the shoe 100, the moist air is removed from the intermediate layer 158 of the spacer knitted fabric 106 through the outer edge of the spacer knitted fabric 106 to the side and through the ventilation recesses 178 of the midsole 108 and through the ventilation recesses 182 of the outsole 110 the surroundings of the shoe 100 are pressed.

This leads to a pumping effect that draws new moisture and / or moist air from the upper 102 and / or from the upper carrier layer 154 of the knitted spacer fabric 106 into the intermediate layer 158 of the knitted spacer fabric 106.

The knitted spacer fabric 106 thus acts as a moisture removal accelerator in the moisture management system of the shoe 100.

Due to the hydrophilic yarns, the moisture arriving in the upper carrier layer 154 of the knitted fabric 106 is quickly distributed over the largest possible area. The moisture then migrates along the spacer threads 160 down into the intermediate layer 158, the spacer threads 160 forcing this moisture transport.

At the latest when the moisture has arrived in the lower support layer 156 of the spacer knitted fabric 106, the moisture evaporates essentially completely through the constant exchange of air in the spacer knitted fabric 106, which is caused by the pumping effect when the wearer of the shoe 100 walks. If the shoe upper 102 and / or the upper carrier layer 154 of the spacer knitted fabric 106 each comprises at least one yarn with antibacterial or anti-microbial properties, the formation of odorous substances in these areas of the shoe 100 can essentially be completely prevented.

Use of the midsole 108 is optional; as an alternative to this, it can also be provided that the outer sole 110 is arranged directly on the spacer rope 106.

The use of the outsole 110 is also optional; alternatively, only the midsole 108 can be arranged on the underside of the knitted spacer fabric 106, or the knitted spacer fabric 106 is used without a midsole 108 and without an outer sole 110.

Claims

A shoe, comprising an upper (102) and a sole (104), the upper (102) having an upper section (114) which, in the worn state of the shoe (100) on an upper side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe (100 ) is arranged, comprises and wherein the upper section (114) of the shoe upper (102) comprises a knitted fabric (112), characterized in that the shoe upper (102) comprises a sole-side section (116) which in the worn state of the shoe (100) is arranged on a sole side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe (100), wherein the sole-side section (116) comprises a knitted fabric (112) and wherein the upper section (114) and / or the sole-side section (116) of the shoe upper (102) a first yarn (146) containing a hydrophobic synthetic fiber material and a second yarn (148) containing a synthetic fiber material or a hydrophilic natural fiber material.

2. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the first yarn (146) comprises a polyamide material, a polyethylene material and / or a polypropylene material.

3. Shoe according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the second yarn (148) comprises a wool material, a cotton material, a viscose material and / or a lyocell material.

4. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the knitted fabric (112) of the shoe upper (102) has an inner layer (140) which faces the foot of the wearer of the shoe (100) when the shoe (100) is worn and an outer layer (142) which, in the worn state of the shoe (100), faces away from the foot of the wearer of the shoe (100).

5. Shoe according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner layer (140) comprises the first yarn (146) and / or the outer layer (142) comprises the second yarn (148).

6. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper section (114) and the sole-side section (116) of the upper (102) are knitted in one piece with one another.

7. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shoe upper (102) has a sole-side seam at which two partial areas (120a, 120b) of the sole-side section (116) of the shoe upper (102) are sewn together.

8. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the knitted fabric (112) of the upper (102) is knitted flat.

9. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the knitted fabric (112) of the upper (102) is circularly knitted.

10. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sole (104) comprises a knitted spacer fabric (106).

11. Shoe according to claim 10, characterized in that the knitted spacer fabric (106) is integrally connected to the upper (102).

12. Shoe according to claim 11, characterized in that a materially bonded connection area to the upper (102) of the upper side (176) of the knitted spacer fabric (106) facing the upper (102) is at most 90% of the area of the upper side facing the upper (102) (176) of the knitted spacer fabric (106).

13. Shoe according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that a materially bonded connection area of the upper side (176) of the spacer knitted fabric (106), which is connected to the upper (102) of the upper (102), is at least 30% of the area of the upper ( 102) facing top (176) of the knitted spacer fabric (106).

14. Shoe according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the shoe (100) comprises a midsole (108) which is fixed to the knitted spacer fabric (106) and at least partially covers a lateral outer edge of the knitted spacer fabric (106).

15. Shoe according to claim 14, characterized in that the midsole (108) has a three-dimensional profiling on its upper side (180) facing the knitted spacer fabric (106).

16. Shoe according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the midsole (108) comprises at least one ventilation recess (178) through which air can escape from the knitted spacer fabric (106) into the surroundings of the shoe (100).

17. Shoe according to claim 16, characterized in that the shoe (100) comprises an outer sole (110) which is fixed to the midsole (108) and has at least one ventilation recess (182) which is in fluid communication with the at least one Ventilation recess (178) of the midsole (108) is.

18. A method of manufacturing a shoe (100) comprising an upper (102) and a sole (104), comprising:

Knitting a knitted fabric (112) of the shoe upper (102) using a first yarn (146) which comprises a hydrophobic synthetic fiber material and a second yarn (148) which comprises a synthetic fiber material or a hydrophilic natural fiber material; wherein the shoe upper (102) comprises a sole-side section (116) which, when the shoe (100) is worn, is arranged on a sole side of the foot of the wearer of the shoe (100).

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the knitted fabric (112) of the shoe upper (102) is produced by flat knitting.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the knitted fabric (112) of the shoe upper (102) is produced by circular knitting.