EP4003897B1 - Lifting gear - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a hoist, in particular a lever hoist, according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.

A hoist, in particular a lever hoist, generally uses round steel chains as a means of carrying or pulling and is used for lifting, lowering and pulling loads. The lifting movement can be generated by hand, compressed air or an electric motor. In particular, the present invention relates to a manual lever hoist.

through the DE 41 05 050 C2 a lever-operated hoist is known, which is also referred to as a pull hoist or chain hoist. The hoist has a lifting hook as the upper fastening element and a load hook as the lower stop element. The upper fastener and the lower stop member are a Housing indirectly connected. The stop element is connected via a load chain as a traction means to a traction drive, which is located in the housing of the hoist. The traction drive can be set in rotation within the housing by a pivoting movement of a hand lever. For this purpose, the lever arm engages in a transmission device, which in turn is connected to the traction drive. In this way it is possible to move or tie down an object.

In addition to a drive with a switchable ratchet mechanism, the traction mechanism includes a load pressure brake, a load chain wheel and a gear, with the gear often being designed as a planetary gear. The hand lever and the ratchet mechanism's ratchet wheel are located at one end of a drive shaft which passes through the load pressure brake and the load sprocket. At the other end of the drive shaft is the gearbox, which is then connected to the load chain wheel in a torque-transmitting manner.

The load pressure brake consists of a ratchet wheel disc with recesses or teeth on its outer circumference, two friction elements on both sides of the ratchet wheel disc, usually friction discs or linings, and two pawls articulated on the housing, which are pressed against the ratchet wheel disc under the influence of ratchet springs . The two friction elements enter into a frictional connection with the ratchet wheel disk and with a pressure disk or ratchet wheel fixed to the shaft. The ratchet wheel is axially displaceable on a movement thread of the drive shaft.

The task of the load pressure brake is to keep the load carried by the hoist at the respective height or position when the ratchet wheel is stationary. The ratchet wheel is then pressed against the thrust washer via the ratchet wheel disk and the integrated friction elements. The pawls are located in the peripheral recesses of the ratchet disc. If the ratchet wheel is turned in the lifting direction, the pawls slide over the teeth of the ratchet wheel disc until the ratchet wheel comes to a standstill. Then the pawls snap back into the recesses of the ratchet disc. When lowering the load, the ratchet wheel turns in the opposite direction rotated, causing it to slide axially on the motion threads of the drive shaft and breaking frictional contact with the friction elements of the ratchet wheel disc and thrust washer. The load can drop until the rotating shaft compensates for the axial play again.

In extreme exceptional situations, especially when tensioning ropes or when lifting and holding swinging loads, the drive or drive shaft can accelerate and rotate so quickly that the standard load pressure brake no longer engages because the pawls are inertial can no longer reach into the recesses of the ratchet wheel disc. Such an exceptional situation, albeit extremely rare, can arise, for example, when working at great heights on overhead lines. There is then a risk of the load chain rattling out. Such a situation can also occur when lowering against a jammed load chain. Even if the locking hooks of the load pressure brake are blocked due to extraordinary circumstances such as e.g. B. corrosion or ice formation are not free, it can lead to such an exceptional situation.

through the EP 0 279 144 B1 includes a safety brake for a driven shaft in the prior art. This comprises a brake disc and a cam disc for a roller that can be pressed on it by a release spring, which causes a pawl to engage in a toothed ring arranged on the shaft when the shaft rotates excessively.

Out of EP 3 395 746 A1 a hoist according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

The EP 3 395 746 A1 In addition to the load pressure brake, proposes another safety device in the form of a safety brake, which uses the centrifugal force of centrifugal elements to limit the speed.

Proceeding from the state of the art, the invention is based on the object of demonstrating a safety and operationally improved hoist, in particular a lever hoist, in which an impermissible increase in the speed of the drive shaft is prevented.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a hoist according to the features of claim 1.

Advantageous developments and refinements of the hoist according to the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

A hoist, in particular a lever hoist, comprises a housing in which a load chain wheel and a drive shaft driving the load chain wheel via a gear are rotatably mounted. A drive, a load pressure brake and a safety brake are also provided. A load chain can be moved via the load chain wheel.

The safety brake has a locking disc with locking teeth and a control disc with control cams and a catch hook. According to the invention, the locking disk and the control disk can be rotated in relation to one another, with the rotation being limited by limiting the rotational travel. The catch hook is arranged so that it can pivot. The catch hook has two legs and has a catch contour at a front end and a tactile contour at a rear end. The catch hook is assigned to the locking disk and the control disk in such a way that the tactile contour rests against the control disk, in particular the outer contour of the control disk, under the influence of a spring element and slides along it when the control disk rotates. The pawl contour can be brought into locking engagement with a locking tooth of the locking disk. This means that during normal operation of the hoist, the catch hook is guided with the tactile contour over the control disc and the pawl contour does not engage in the locking disc. If it is triggered when a defined speed is exceeded, the tactile contour of the catch hook lifts off the control disc or the control cam of the control disc and the pawl contour of the catch hook snaps into a ratchet tooth on the locking disc. This stops the locking disk, while the control disk arranged coaxially behind the locking disk continues to rotate along a predetermined twisting path of the rotary travel limitation until the twisting path is exhausted and the locking disk and the control disk lock against one another.

This creates a positive connection between the drive shaft and the hoist. An emergency brake occurs. Spinning of the load chain wheel or rattling of the load chain is prevented. During the When entangled, the control disk actively presses the catch hook into the recess or the locking tooth of the locking disk. In the locked position, the control disk also prevents the locking hook from turning back, so that the safety brake is locked.

After the safety brake has been triggered, the locking disc is in the blocked end position. To release the lock, the locking disk and the control disk must be aligned with one another again. For this purpose, an unlocking mechanism is provided to return the locking disk and control disk to their starting position. The unlocking device includes a reset button and a blocking body designed to block the locking disc while the control disc connected to the drive shaft is rotated in the stroke (clockwise) direction until the two discs are again aligned in the starting position.

The blocking body can be brought into an unlocked position by actuating the reset button. In the unlocked position, the blocking disk comes into contact with the blocking body and is held by it in such a way that the control disk can be rotated relative to the blocking disk and rotated into the starting position. The unlocking makes it possible to unlock the safety brake from the outside without having to disassemble the device. In this way, the safety brake can be completely reset to its normal operating state, ie the standby mode, in the starting position of the locking disk and control disk. Unlocking is initiated by pressing the reset button. This brings the blocking body into the unlocked position. The safety brake is turned clockwise using the hand wheel until the locking disc comes into contact with the blocking body. This is done with an outer flank of the locking disk that rests against an abutment surface of the blocking body. In this position, further clockwise rotation of the locking disc is not possible. The lock washer is held by the lock body. The safety brake is then turned further clockwise using the hand wheel, usually by a turning angle of 45°, until the locking disk and the control disk are congruent again. In this position, the safety brake engages noticeably. The unlocking can be resolved automatically, ie the The reset button and blocking body can automatically spring back to their original position or be released manually.

The reset button is preferably mounted in the housing so that it can rotate, in particular so that it can pivot to a limited extent.

A further useful embodiment provides that the reset button interacts with a tension spring. The tension spring is used to release the unlocking and to move the reset button and the blocking body back to their original position after unlocking.

A practically advantageous embodiment provides that the reset button and the blocking body form a unit.

Furthermore, the unlocking can have a latch which secures the reset button and/or the blocking body in the unlocked position.

The blocking body can be brought into an unlocking position by actuating the reset button, in which the blocking disk is held by the blocking body in such a way that the control disk can be rotated relative to the blocking disk and the control disk and the blocking disk are thus again aligned congruently with one another, i.e. into the starting position are transferrable. Advantageously, the blocking body has an abutment surface on which the locking disk is supported in the unlocked position with an outer flank of a locking tooth.

One aspect of the invention provides that the catch has a catch body which engages in a catch receptacle in the unlocked position. The unlocking process is then carried out and the locking disk and the control disk are returned to their aligned starting position. In the initial position, the locking disk and the control disk work together, with such a high torque or force being applied to the abutment surface of the blocking body by the joint rotary motion that the locking body is moved, in particular lifted, out of the locking receptacle. The unlocked position is then released and the tension spring pivots the reset button and the blocking body into the initial or neutral position.

A further advantageous embodiment of the lifting gear according to the invention provides that the blocking body has a tooth contour with a tooth flank which can be brought into engagement with a locking tooth of the locking disk. This configuration makes it possible to bring the safety brake into a parking mode in which the safety brake is locked manually.

To manually lock the safety brake, the reset button is also pressed until it is in the unlocked position. The safety brake can then be turned anti-clockwise using the hand wheel until the locking tooth of the locking disk is in contact with the tooth flank of the tooth contour of the blocking body. The safety brake is then turned further counterclockwise by 45° using the handwheel until the locking disk and the control disk are completely interlocked. In this position, the safety brake engages noticeably. The reset button springs back automatically or is manually released. The tension spring pivots the reset button and the blocking body back into the starting position. The safety brake is now locked. After a further rotation of a maximum of 45° counterclockwise, the catch hook of the safety brake would automatically take over the load. Further movement, in particular lowering of a load, is then no longer possible.

A further aspect of the invention provides that the rotational path limiter has at least one curved track and a stop body which can be displaced along the curved track. In the end position, i.e. after the torsional path between locking disk and control disk has been exhausted, the stop body comes to a locking stop at the end of the cam track.

The cam track is preferably formed by a slot. In particular, the elongated hole is formed in the control disk. A slot is preferably arcuate with a radius around the center of the control disk. It is particularly advantageous to provide a number of elongated holes offset from one another on a pitch circle in the control disk. But it is also possible that the Cam track is formed in a groove. This can be provided in the control disk or in the locking disk.

The stop body is preferably a pin. The stop pin or pins are preferably fixed in the locking disk and protrude from it in the direction of the control disk, engaging in the slots.

A further embodiment provides that latching elements are integrated between the locking disk and the control disk. These fix the locking disk and the control disk in the initial position and in the end position. The locking elements are preferably formed by balls. The locking elements are held in recordings and interact with locking surfaces. An advantageous embodiment provides that the receptacles are in the control disk and the locking surfaces are formed in the locking disk.

Advantageously, several ratchet teeth are distributed evenly around the circumference of the ratchet disk. Likewise, several control cams are distributed evenly on the circumference of the control disk. The control cams are formed in particular by the contour of the control disk itself. For this purpose, the control disc is preferably configured in a triangular shape with a rounded outer contour.

The control disk has a central socket with internal teeth. With the internal toothing, the control disk sits on a longitudinal section of the drive shaft that is provided with external toothing. The control disc is positioned with a central bearing section on the central socket. The locking disc is secured on the socket by securing elements.

An advantageous practical embodiment provides that in the starting position of the locking disk and the control disk, the rear outer contour of the locking teeth is aligned with the outer contour of the control disk. The control disk covers the adjacent flat side of the locking disk.

The catch hook of the safety brake is pivotably mounted on a bolt on a side plate that can be integrated into the housing. The spring element is preferably a torsion spring.

Optionally, damping elements can be integrated between the locking disk and the control disk in order to dampen the braking effect in the event of an emergency stop.

The hoist according to the invention can be used in a wide variety of applications. It can be used in any application with reversing loads, for example in overhead line construction or for personal security.

The hoist is compact and lightweight. The additional safety function via the safety brake is implemented with just a few parts. The mechanism requires an active movement, so that if the spring is lost, the pawls of the load pressure brake get stuck, etc., the safety brake will be triggered. The safety brake locks itself automatically. As a result, the catch hook always remains engaged, even if the load swings back.

Figur 1

ein erfindungsgemäßes Hebezeug in Form eines Hebelzuges in einem Längsschnitt;

Figur 2

den Hebelzug in einer Explosionsdarstellung seiner Bauteile;

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht auf einen Teil des Hebelzuges;

Figur 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf die Fangbremse des Hebelzuges;

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf die Sperrscheibe und die Steuerscheibe der Fangbremse;

Figur 6

Bauteile der Fangbremse in explosionsartig auseinandergezogener Darstellungsweise;

Figur 7

eine Ansicht auf die Darstellung der Figur 5 von oben;

Figur 8

einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 7 entlang der Linie A-A;

Figur 9

einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 7 entlang der Linie B-B;

Figur 10

die Darstellung entsprechend der Figur 5 in einer Ansicht von unten;

Figur 11

den geöffneten Hebelzug mit einer Ansicht auf den Bereich der Lastdruckbremse und der Fangbremse in einer Normalsituation;

Figur 12

die Darstellung entsprechend der Figur 11 in einer Problemsituation;

Figur 13

eine Ansicht auf die Fangbremse des Hebelzuges in einer ersten Betriebssituation;

Figur 14

die Fangbremse in einer zweiten Betriebssituation;

Figur 15

die Fangbremse in einer dritten Betriebssituation;

Figur 16

die Fangbremse in einer vierten Betriebssituation;

Figur 17

die Darstellung der Fangbremse mit einer Entriegelung bei einem Entriegelungsvorgang zur Rückstellung von Sperrscheibe und Steuerscheibe in ihre Ausgangsposition;

Figur 18

einen Hebelzug mit einer Entriegelung im Bereitschaftsmodus;

Figur 19

den Hebelzug entsprechend der Darstellung von Figur 18 mit verriegelter Fangbremse;

Figur 20

den Hebelzug bei einer ersten Stufe des Entriegelungsvorgangs;

Figur 21

den Hebelzug in einer zweiten Stufe des Entriegelungsvorgangs;

Figur 22

den Hebelzug mit der Darstellung der ersten Stufe eines manuellen Verriegelungsvorganges und

Figur 23

den Hebelzug bei einer zweiten Stufe eines manuellen Verriegelungsvorganges.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:

figure 1

a hoist according to the invention in the form of a lever hoist in a longitudinal section;

figure 2

the lever hoist in an exploded view of its components;

figure 3

a side view of part of the lever hoist;

figure 4

a perspective view of the safety brake of the lever hoist;

figure 5

a perspective view of the locking disk and the control disk of the safety brake;

figure 6

Safety brake components in exploded view;

figure 7

a view of the representation of the figure 5 from above;

figure 8

a cut through the representation of figure 7 along line AA;

figure 9

a cut through the representation of figure 7 along line BB;

figure 10

the representation according to the figure 5 in a view from below;

figure 11

the open lever hoist with a view of the area of the load pressure brake and the safety brake in a normal situation;

figure 12

the representation according to the figure 11 in a problem situation;

figure 13

a view of the safety brake of the hoist in a first operating situation;

figure 14

the safety brake in a second operating situation;

figure 15

the safety brake in a third operating situation;

figure 16

the safety brake in a fourth operating situation;

figure 17

the representation of the safety brake with an unlocking in an unlocking process for resetting the locking disk and control disk to their starting position;

figure 18

a hoist with an unlocking in standby mode;

figure 19

the lever hoist as shown in figure 18 with locked safety brake;

figure 20

the hoist at a first stage of the unlocking process;

figure 21

the lever hoist in a second stage of the unlocking process;

figure 22

the lever hoist showing the first stage of a manual locking process and

figure 23

the lever pull at a second stage of a manual locking operation.

The figures 1 and 2 show a hoist according to the invention in the form of a hand-operated lever hoist 1. Part of the lever hoist 1 is a housing 2, which is composed of several housing parts 3, 4 and side plates 5, 6 and spacer frame 7. The lever hoist 1 has a support hook 8 as the upper fastening element and a load hook 9 as the lower stop element. The support hook 8 and the load hook 9 are connected to one another indirectly via the housing 2 . The load hook 9 is attached to one end of a load chain 10 . At the other end of the load chain 10 a chain end piece 11 is provided. The load chain 10 can be moved via a traction drive. The traction mechanism essentially comprises a drive 12 with a hand lever 13, a ratchet wheel 14 and a switchable ratchet mechanism 15, a load pressure brake 16, a load chain wheel 17 and a gear 18. The hand lever 13 and the ratchet wheel 14 of the ratchet mechanism 15 sit at one end 19 of a Drive shaft 20, which passes through the load pressure brake 16 and the load chain wheel 17. At the other end 21 of the drive shaft 20 is the gear 18, which is connected to the load chain wheel 17 in a torque-transmitting manner. A handwheel 22 is used to displace the ratchet wheel 14 axially on the drive shaft 20 in order to actuate a freewheel mechanism 23 of the lever block 1.

The load pressure brake 16 has a ratchet wheel disk 24 provided with teeth on its outer circumference. The ratchet wheel disk 24 is provided with friction elements 25 in the form of friction linings on both sides. Furthermore, the load pressure brake 16 has two pawls 26 which are pivotably mounted on the side plate 6 in the housing 2 and which are pressed onto the ratchet wheel disk 24 under the influence of ratchet springs 27 . Furthermore, the load pressure brake 16 includes a thrust washer 28 on which the ratchet wheel disk 24 is mounted. The ratchet wheel 14 can be displaced axially on a movement thread 29 of the drive shaft 20 . The figure 3 shows the lever hoist 1 with the ratchet wheel 14, hand lever 13 and hand wheel 22 dismantled.

The load pressure brake 16 has the task of holding the load carried by the lever block 1 when the ratchet wheel 14 is stationary. The ratchet wheel 14 is then pressed against the pressure disk 28 via the ratchet wheel disk 24 and the integrated friction elements 25 . The pawls 26 lie in the circumferential recesses of the ratchet wheel 24. If the ratchet wheel 14 is rotated in the lifting direction, the pawls 26 slide over the teeth of the ratchet wheel disc 24 until the ratchet wheel 14 comes to a standstill. The pawls 26 then snap back into the recess of the ratchet wheel disk 24. When the load is lowered, the ratchet wheel 14 is rotated in the opposite direction, causing it to slide axially on the movement thread 29 of the drive shaft 20 and the frictional contact with the friction elements 25 of the ratchet wheel disk 24 and the Thrust washer 28 is repealed. The load can then be lowered until the after-rotating drive shaft 20 compensates for the axial play again.

In addition to the standard load pressure brake 16, the lever hoist 1 has a safety brake 30, 31. The safety brake 30, 31 has the task of carrying out emergency braking in extreme situations in which the speed of the drive shaft 20 can be so high that the load pressure brake 16 no longer engages due to inertia.

A safety brake 30 and how it works is with reference to the Figures 4 to 17 described. A corresponding embodiment of a safety brake 31 is also in the Figures 18 to 23 shown. Parts or parts that correspond to one another are provided with the same reference symbols. The safety brake 30, 31 is arranged coaxially below or behind the load pressure brake 16 in the direction of the load chain wheel 17.

The safety brake 30, 31 has a locking disk 32 with locking teeth 33 and a control disk 34 with control cams 35 and a catch hook 36. On the circumference of the locking disk 32 are several, three in the embodiment, ratchet teeth 33 are evenly distributed. The control disk 34 has a triangular configuration with control cams 35 that are rounded on its circumference. The control disk 34 has a central socket 38 with internal teeth 37, on which the locking disk 32 has a central bearing section 39 positioned and secured in position by securing elements 40, 41. The control disk 34 and the locking disk 32 with the control disk 34 are held on a threaded section 43 of the drive shaft 20 provided with external teeth 42 via the connecting piece 38 and the internal toothing 37 .

The catch hook 36 is pivotably arranged on the side plate 5 of the lever hoist 1 . With the incorporation of a spring element 44 in the form of a torsion spring, the catch hook 36 is mounted on a bolt 45 on the side plate 5 and secured by a retaining ring 46 . The mounting of the catch hook 36 on the bolt 45 is in the central length region of the catch hook 36, so that the catch hook 36 is mounted like a rocker.

The locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 can be rotated in opposite directions. The rotation of locking disk 32 and control disk 34 relative to one another is limited by a limiter 47 of rotational travel. The rotary travel limiter 47 includes a cam track 48 which is formed in a slot 49 in the shape of a segment of a circular arc in the control disk 34 . A stop body 50 in the form of a pin can be displaced along the cam track 48 . It can be seen that three elongated holes 49 are arranged in the control disk 34 in an evenly offset manner on a pitch circle. Correspondingly, three pins are incorporated as stop bodies 50 in assembly openings 51 of locking disk 32 . The stop bodies 50 protrude in the direction of the control disk 34 opposite the locking disk 32 and engage in the elongated holes 49. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the rotary travel limiter 47 allows the locking disk 32 to be rotated by 45° relative to the control disk 34 .

Locking elements 52 in the form of steel balls are integrated between the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 . The latching elements 52 fix the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 in the initial position and in the end position after rotation. The latching elements 52 are held in receptacles 53 in the control disk 34 and contact latching surfaces 54 in the shape of a segment of a sphere in the locking disk 32 and interact with them in a counteracting and movement-inhibiting manner.

The catch hook 36 has a catch contour 56 at a front end 55 . The pawl contour 56 has a pointed catch tooth 57 with a front catch flank 58 which is configured to a front locking flank 59 of a locking tooth 33 of the locking disk 32 is adapted.

A tactile contour 61 is formed on the catch hook 36 at the rear end 60 . For this purpose, the rear end 60 of the catch hook 36 is rounded. With the tactile contour 61 the catch hook 36 rests against the outer contour of the control disk 34 under the influence of the torsion spring. The spring element 44 causes the pawl contour 56 to lie outside the outer circumference of the locking disk 32 during normal operation. In normal operation, the catch hook 36 slides with the rear tactile contour 61 along the control disc 34. The front pawl contour 56 is raised.

When a certain excessive speed is exceeded, the feeler contour 61 of the catch hook 36 lifts off the control disc 34 or the control cam 35 as a result of the mass inertia and the acting acceleration forces. The catch hook 36 tilts and rotates about the bolt 35 in the locking disc 32. The pawl contour 56 of the catch hook 36 beaks into a locking tooth 33 of the locking disc 32 and comes there with the catch edge 58 on the locking edge 59 to the system. As a result, the locking disk 32 is stopped, while the control disk 34 arranged coaxially behind it continues to rotate along the predetermined rotational path of the rotational path limiter 47 . The twisting takes place until the stop bodies 50 come to a stop at the end 62 of the elongated holes 49 located in the direction of rotation. The locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are then blocked against each other. In this way, a form-fitting connection between the drive shaft 20 and the lever block 1 is established. Further spinning of the load chain wheel 17 and rustling of the load chain 10 is prevented.

The figure 11 shows a normal situation of load pressure brake 16 and safety brake 30. The pawls 26 engage in the ratchet wheel disc 24 and hold the load.

figure 12 indicates a problem situation. The pawls 26 of the load pressure brake 16 are not free. The pawls 26 do not engage the ratchet disc 24 . A load cannot be held. It can become dangerous Excessive speed increase against the direction of pull of the lever hoist 1 is associated with a rattling of the load chain 10.

The Figures 13 and 14 show the safety brake 30 in a normal situation or starting position. The locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are aligned in such a way that the rear outer contour of the locking teeth 33 coincides with the outer contour of the control disk 32 . The tactile contour 61 of the catch hook 36 is pressed against the outer contour of the control disk 34 by the spring force of the torsion spring and slides along the control cam 35. The tactile contour 61 lies both at the top dead center of the control disk 34 ( figure 13 ) as well as in the bottom dead center of the control disc 34 ( figure 14 ) on a control cam 35. During the rotation of the control disk 34 and locking disk 32, the front pawl contour 56 of the catch hook 36 is lifted out of the effective range of the locking disk 32 and its locking teeth 33.

With increasing acceleration of the drive shaft 20 and with this the safety brake 30, ie at excessive speed, caused for example by a falling load, the tactile contour 61 of the catch hook 36 is accelerated outwards and lifts off the control disk 34. The front catch tooth 57 of the pawl contour 56 snaps into the locking disc 32 (see Fig figure 15 ) and comes to rest with its front catch flank 58 blocking on the locking flank 59 of a locking tooth 33 (see figure 16 ). After the catch hook 36 has dropped in, the control disk 34, driven by the load, continues to rotate by 45° counterclockwise (arrow P1) and thereby locks the ratchet wheel 14. This effect is self-reinforcing, i.e. the catch hook 36 falls in the deeper the stronger the tactile contour 61 is raised on the opposite side by the control disc 34.

In order to unblock the safety brake 30 and to put the control disk 34 and the locking disk 32 back into the aligned initial state, an unlocking device 63 is provided. This includes in the embodiment according to figure 17 a reset button 64 in the form of a slide for actuating the unlocking device 63 and a blocking body 66 which is under the influence of a tension spring 65. By actuating the reset button 64 (arrow P2), it blocks the locking disc 32 with the blocking body 66 and holds it in place, so that the Locking disc 32 on one Rotation is prevented while the control disc 34 in the lifting direction (clockwise) (arrow P3) via the hand wheel 22 or the hand lever 13 is actuated. In this way, the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are displaced relative to one another and brought into their aligned initial position.

The in the Figures 18 to 23 Lever hoist 1 shown has a safety brake 31, which corresponds to the safety brake 30 explained above in terms of structure and function. As previously described, the safety brake 31 has a locking disc 32 with locking teeth 33 and a control disc 34 with locking cams 35 and a catch hook 36.

The lever hoist 1 has an unlocking mechanism 63 . The unlocking device 63 has a reset button 64 and a blocking body 66 which functionally form a unit 67 . The reset button 64 and the blocking body 66 are connected to one another in a non-positive and positive manner.

The reset button 64 can be rotated or pivoted in the housing 2 of the lever block 1 and is mounted about a bolt 68 . The reset button 64 interacts with a tension spring 65 which is mounted in the housing 2 and engages the lever arm 69 of the reset button 64 .

The unlocking device 63 also has a catch 70 with a catch body 71 which can be displaced against the force of a compression spring, not shown here, arranged in the reset button 64 .

A support strip 72 is provided in the housing 2 . In the support strip 72 two locking receptacles 73, 74 are formed at a distance from one another. The locking body 71 engages in the locking receptacles 73, 74, depending on the position of the reset button 64.

In principle, the unlocking mechanism 63 can also be designed without a catch 70 and the catch function. The reset button 64 is then manually actuated and held to perform an unlocking operation.

The figure 18 shows the lever block 1 and the safety brake 31 in the standby mode, i.e. the locking disc 32 and the control disc 34 of the safety brake 31 are in their starting position, in which the locking disc 32 and the control disc 34 are congruent, ie the rear outer contour of the locking teeth 33 is aligned with the outer contour of the control disk 34. The tactile contour 61 of the catch hook 36 is spring-loaded against the control disk 34. A load can be lifted and lowered at any time without any problems. The release 63 is in its neutral position. The detent body 71 of the detent 70 is located in the first detent receptacle 73 that is further to the outside.

The representation of figure 19 shows the safety brake 31 in the locked state. The safety brake 31 has been triggered in release mode after a load was lowered too quickly or after the load chain was manually pulled too quickly in the direction of the load. The catch tooth 57 of the catch hook 36 engages the locking disc 32 (point S). The locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are crossed against each other. The catch hook 36 is prevented from falling out (point N) by the contour of the control disk 34 rotated by 45°. As a result, the safety brake 31 or the lever hoist 1 is completely locked and lifting or lowering movements are no longer possible.

In order to unlock the safety brake 31 from the outside and to reset the locking disk 32 and control disk 34 in their starting position, the unlocking device 63 is actuated. Like in the figure 20 to recognize this, the reset button 64 is pressed (arrow P4). The reset button 64 is moved inwardly into the housing 2 . The blocking body 66 is brought into an unlocked position E by the reset button 64 . The latching body 71 of the latch 70 is moved with the reset button 64 and latches in the unlocking position E in the second latching receptacle 74 located on the inside. As a result, the reset button 64 and with it the blocking body 66 is secured in the unlocked position E.

The safety brake 31 is then turned clockwise using the hand wheel (arrow P5) until the locking disk 32 comes into contact with the blocking body 66 (point E). In the unlocked position E, the blocking body 66 and the locking disk 32 come into operative connection.

The blocking body 66 has a rounded abutment surface 75 on its outside. In the unlocked position E, the locking disk 32 is supported with an outer flank 76 of a locking tooth 33 on the abutment surface 75 . In the unlocked position E, the locking disk 32 is prevented by the blocking body 66 from rotating further in the clockwise direction.

In the unlocked position E, the blocking disk 32 is held by the blocking body 66 in such a way that the control disk 34 can be rotated relative to the blocking disk 32 and brought into the starting position (see FIG figure 21 ). To do this, the safety brake 31 is rotated further clockwise by 45° using the hand wheel (arrow P6) until the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are congruent again, ie the starting position is reached. In this position, the safety brake 31 engages noticeably. The reset button 64 springs back (arrow P7). This is brought about by the action of the control disc 34 and the locking disc 32 against the rounded contour of the abutment surface 75 . When the control disc 34 rotates into the congruent starting position with the locking disc 32, the stop bodies 50 are also moved in the elongated holes 49 of the rotation limiter 47 (see also Figures 6 to 10 ). In the starting position of the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34, the stop bodies 50 designed as pins come to rest at the end of the cam track 48 or the slotted holes 49. The torque applied via the hand wheel is then transmitted via the control disk 34 and the locking disk 32 and the latching body 71 of the latch 70 is lifted out of the latching receptacle 74 . The tension spring 65 pivots the reset button 64 back into its initial or neutral position in the standby mode. The safety brake 31 can be used again and is in its freely moving normal position.

Based on Figures 22 and 23 a manual locking process of the safety brake 31 is explained.

The blocking body 66 has a tooth contour 77 with a tooth flank 78 .

In order to be able to lock the safety brake 31 manually, the reset button 64 is pressed (arrow P8) until it engages. The detent body 71 of the detent 70 is located in the second detent receptacle 74. The position corresponds to that unlocked position. If a safety brake 31 is not equipped with a locking function, the reset button 64 is pressed and held manually.

The safety brake 31 is then turned counterclockwise using the hand wheel (arrow P9) until the ratchet tooth 33 of the ratchet disk 32 rests against the tooth flank 78 of the blocking body 66 (point P in figure 22 ).

The safety brake 31 is then rotated further counterclockwise by 45° using the handwheel (arrow P10) until the locking disk 32 and the control disk 34 are completely interlocked. The entanglement of locking disk 32 and control disk 34 is in the figure 23 to recognize. The safety brake 31 engages noticeably in this position as well. The reset button 64 automatically springs back. In the case of a safety brake 31 without a locking function, the reset button 64 is released. The tension spring 65 pivots the reset button 64 back into its initial position according to the arrow P11. The safety brake 31 is now locked.

After a further rotation by a maximum of 45° counterclockwise, the catch hook 36 of the catch brake 31 would automatically take over the load. Further lowering is then no longer possible.

References:

1 -

lever pull

2 -

Housing

3 -

housing part

4 -

housing part

5 -

side plate

6 -

side plate

7 -

spacer frame

8th -

carrying hook

9 -

load hook

10 -

load chain

11 -

chain end piece

12 -

drive

13 -

hand lever

14 -

Ratchet wheel

15 -

ratchet mechanism

16 -

load pressure brake

17 -

load sprocket

18 -

transmission

19 -

end of 20

20 -

drive shaft

21 -

end of 20

22 -

handwheel

23 -

freewheel mechanism

24 -

ratchet disc

25 -

friction element

26 -

pawl

27 -

ratchet spring

28 -

thrust washer

29 -

motion thread

30 -

safety brake

31 -

safety brake

32 -

lock washer

33 -

ratchet

34 -

control disc

35 -

control cam

36 -

catch hook

37 -

internal teeth

38 -

Support

39 -

storage section

40 -

fuse element

41 -

fuse element

42 -

external teeth

43 -

threaded section

44 -

spring element

45 -

bolt

46 -

locking ring

47 -

rotation limitation

48 -

curved track

49 -

Long hole

50 -

stop body

51 -

mounting hole

52 -

locking element

53 -

Recording

54 -

rest area

55 -

front end of 36

56 -

latch contour

57 -

fang

58 -

catch edge

59 -

locking edge

60 -

back end of 36

61 -

tactile contour

62 -

end of 49

63 -

unlocking

64 -

reset button

65 -

tension spring

66 -

blocking body

67 -

Unit

68 -

bolt

69 -

lever arm

70 -

rest

71 -

locking body

72 -

support bar

73 -

snap-in mount

74 -

snap-in mount

75 -

abutment surface

76 -

flank v. 33

77 -

tooth contour

78 -

tooth flank

P1

Arrow

p2

Arrow

P3

Arrow

P4

Arrow

P5

Arrow

P6

Arrow

P7

Arrow

P8

Arrow

P9

Arrow

P10

Arrow

P11

Arrow

E -

unlocked position

Claims (17)

1. Lifting gear, in particular lever hoist (1), comprising a housing (2), in which a load sprocket (17) and a drive shaft (20) driving the load sprocket (17) via a gear (18) are rotationally mounted, and a drive (12), a load pressure brake (16) and a safety brake (30, 31), wherein a load chain (10) is movable over the load sprocket (17), characterised in that the safety brake (30, 31) has a locking disc (32) having locking teeth (33) and a control disc (34) having control cams (35) and an arrester hook (36), wherein the locking disc (32) and the control disc (34) are twistable in relation to one another, wherein the twisting is limited by a turning stroke limit (47) and wherein the arrester hook (36) is arranged to as to be pivotably movable and has at a front end (55) a latch contour (56) and at a rear end (60) a touch contour (61), wherein the touch contour (61) rests on the control disc (34) under the influence of a spring element (44) and the latch contour (56) can be brought lockingly into engagement with a locking tooth (33) of the locking disc (32) and an unlocking mechanism (63) is provided for returning locking disc (32) and control disc (34) into their start position, wherein the unlocking mechanism (63) has a return button (64) and a blocking body (66), wherein the blocking body (66) can be brought into an unlocking position (E) by operating the return button (64) in which the locking disc (32) is held by the blocking body (66) such that the control disc (34) is rotatable relative to the locking disc (32) and is movable into the start position.
2. Lifting gear according to claim 1, characterised in that the twist path limitation (47) has at least one cam track (48) and a stop body (50) which is displaceable along the cam track (48).
3. Lifting gear according to claim 2, characterised in that the cam track (48) is formed by an elongated hole (49) or a groove in the control disc (34) or the locking disc.
4. Lifting gear according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the stop body (50) is a pin.
5. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that latch elements (52) are integrated between the locking disc (32) and the control disc (34).
6. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that several locking teeth (33) are arranged evenly distributed on the periphery of the locking disc (32).
7. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that several control cams (35) are evenly distributed on the periphery of the control disc (34).
8. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that control disc (34) has a central socket (38) equipped with an inner toothing (37) on which the locking disc (32) is positioned with a central bearing section (39) and is secured in position by a securing element (40, 41).
9. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that control disc (34) has a central socket (38) equipped with an inner toothing (37) on which the locking disc (32) is positioned with a central bearing section (39) and is secured in position by a securing element (40, 41).
10. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the arrester hook (36) is mounted on a side plate (5, 6) which can be integrated into the housing (2).
11. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the return button (64) is rotationally mounted.
12. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the return button (64) interacts with a tension spring (65).
13. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the return button (64) and the blocking body (66) form a unit.
14. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the unlocking mechanism (63) has a notch (70) which secures the return button (64) and/or the blocking body (66) in the unlocking position (E).
15. Lifting gear according to claim 14, characterised in that the notch (70) has a locking body (71) which in the unlocking position (E) engages in a locking receptacle (74), wherein the locking body (71) in the start position of locking disc (32) and control disc (34) is movable out of the locking receptacle (74).
16. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the blocking body (66) has an abutment surface (75) on which the locking disc (32) in the unlocking position (E) is supported with an outer flank (76) of a locking tooth (33).
17. Lifting gear according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the blocking body (66) has a tooth contour (77) with a tooth flank (78) which can be brought into engagement with a locking tooth (33) of the locking disc (32).

Images