EP4003694A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel, ou de modification de l'état de surface d'un objet préformé, par photo-polymérisation - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel, ou de modification de l'état de surface d'un objet préformé, par photo-polymérisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP4003694A1 EP4003694A1 EP20740645.5A EP20740645A EP4003694A1 EP 4003694 A1 EP4003694 A1 EP 4003694A1 EP 20740645 A EP20740645 A EP 20740645A EP 4003694 A1 EP4003694 A1 EP 4003694A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inhibitor
- indicator
- polymerization
- amount
- reaction medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diacetyl Chemical group CC(=O)C(C)=O QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006711 bornane-2,3-dione Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-LDWIPMOCSA-N (+/-)-Camphorquinone Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C2(C)C VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-LDWIPMOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylglyoxal Chemical compound CC(=O)C=O AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L eosin Y Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C([O-])=C(Br)C=C21 SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N omega-Hydroxydodecanoic acid Natural products OCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDHCZVWCTKTBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1(O)CCCCC1 QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTKCEEWUXHVZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OTKCEEWUXHVZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)C(=O)C1C2(C)C VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-2-morpholin-4-ylpropan-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1C(=O)C(C)(C)N1CCOCC1 LWRBVKNFOYUCNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000819038 Chichester Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000582320 Homo sapiens Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030589 Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000005658 Spondias pinnata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025012 Spondias pinnata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010351 charge transfer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003269 fluorescent indicator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005581 pyrene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000207 volumetry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0037—Production of three-dimensional images
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, or for modifying the surface state of a preformed object, by localized polymerization of mono- or multifunctional monomers or mono- or multifunctional oligomers, said
- 3D printing in its additive manufacturing component covers different processes which have in common that they allow the manufacture of objects by depositing successive extremely thin layers of material, layers which are solidified as and when by a localized energy source. Conventionally, these methods are based on the
- This process does not require the formation of layers of resins, but requires the use of pulsed light sources.
- the principle of the process is shown schematically in FIG. light beams focused in a transparent medium, a local transformation of the medium is expected. This may involve populating an electronic excited state precursor of the species involved in the initiation, either by
- a polymerization inhibitor e.g., oxygen
- the voxel is the acronym for "pixel volumetry", that is to say volumetric pixel in French.
- the simulated process does not allow the achievement of the desired object. It appears in fact difficult to produce a complete object from a mono-photonic process, because it is difficult to always be in conditions where the areas which must remain liquid do not exceed the consumption threshold of the inhibitors.
- oxygen like other
- the curve presented in FIG. 3 shows three zones corresponding to the consumption of oxygen, to the actual polymerization followed by an end in the form of crosslinking.
- the area between 0 and Tl is substantially proportional to the local oxygen concentration.
- the light is focused in the vicinity of the area to be polymerized.
- the areas affected by the passage of light but not concerned by the polymerization zone, in particular in the zones adjacent to the
- oxygen is mainly consumed in the focal region (due to the non-linearity of the phenomenon).
- the propagation of polymerization in areas where polymerization is not desired is therefore more
- a technical problem which the invention proposes to solve is to control the areas to be photopolymerized in order to improve the resolution of a three-dimensional object to be formed or of the surface of a preformed object.
- the first object of the solution of the invention to this technical problem is a process for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, or for modifying the surface state of a preformed object, by localized polymerization of monomers or oligomers, said polymerization being initiated by mono- or multi-photon absorption, in a zone to be polymerized, comprising the following steps:
- this method allows a non-contact measurement to follow the progress of the
- This method also makes it possible not to go through the formation of successive layers to manufacture the three-dimensional object, or to modify the surface of a preformed object.
- the inhibitor is chosen from:
- the indicator is an optical indicator of the quantity of inhibitor and said indication of the quantity of inhibitor comprises measuring the light intensity emitted by the optical indicator using an optical sensor;
- the irradiation system further comprises an excitation system at an absorption wavelength of the optical indicator of the
- the amount of inhibitor - the light intensity of the optical indicator of the amount of inhibitor is measured continuously and / or over time; - the indicator is a fluorescent indicator or
- the indicator is chosen from 2,3-butanedione, 2, 3-propanedione, 2, 3-bornanedione, benzene or pyrene; the monomers or oligomers are acrylic monomers or oligomers; and - the means for moving the object and / or the focused light beam allow movement along five axes of said object and / or said light beam
- said five axes being formed of three linear axes synchronized with two rotary axes.
- a second object of the invention is a reaction medium for the manufacture of a three-dimensional object or the modification of the surface state of a preformed object as defined in the invention, comprising polymerizable monomers or oligomers or their mixtures. , a polymerization inhibitor, an indicator of
- the third subject of the invention is the use of an indicator of the amount of inhibitor as defined in the invention, or of a reaction medium as defined in the invention, to trigger the passage to a zone to be polymerized. following in a reaction medium, during a polymerization reaction initiated by
- FIG. 1 shows a method of the prior art, called CLIP method, in which the object being formed is "pulled" upwards making it possible to
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the initiation of polymerization by sequential (left) or simultaneous (right) bi-photon absorption, followed by polymerization;
- FIG. 3 shows schematically the kinetic curve of a typical polymerization, presenting three distinct zones: zone I corresponding to the oxygen consumption at the start of polymerization, zone II
- FIG. 4 - figure 4 represents the influence of the irradiation time on the oxygen consumption
- FIG. 5 shows the emission, by phosphorescence, of 2, 3-butanedione (commonly called biacetyl) used as an indicator, during the reaction of photo-polymerization of a monomer
- FIG. 7 illustrates a one-photon photochemical initiation process in the case of
- FIG. 8 represents a device using a parabolic mirror for focusing the beam emitted by the irradiation system according to the method
- FIG. 9 shows schematically another device using a focusing of the beam emitted by the irradiation system according to the method, the object under construction being linked to a 5-axis support allowing it to be animated along these axes; this device further comprises a recycling system allowing, for example, the reaction medium to be regularly supplied with polymerization inhibitor; and
- FIG. 10 - figure 10 illustrates the principle of
- the terms “from ... to " or “between ... and ", used to define intervals of values must be understood as integrating the lower and upper bounds of these intervals.
- the term “voxel” defines the predetermined zone of the reaction medium to be polymerized.
- the object of the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object or for modifying the surface condition of a preformed object.
- the object When the object is preformed, it can be obtained by any technique known to those skilled in the art, including by the process of the present invention.
- the process of the invention implements a polymerization of monomers or oligomers, the first step of which comprises the introduction of a reaction medium into a tank with walls transparent to light.
- a “tank with walls transparent to light” is understood to mean a tank whose walls do not absorb (or only slightly), nor do they deflect, the light beam emitted by the irradiation system.
- the tank can be made of any material known to those skilled in the art, such as glass or quartz.
- the reaction medium comprises “polymerizable monomers or oligomers”.
- the polymerizable monomers or oligomers are fluid resins known to those skilled in the art for their
- the reaction medium also comprises “a polymerization inhibitor”.
- this polymerization inhibitor is chosen from oxygen or hydroquinone, preferably
- Oxygen is a classic inhibitor of radical polymerizations. It is present at a rate of the order of 3-10 3 in molar fraction in hydrocarbon compounds such as acrylic resins, ie approximately 1 g / liter at atmospheric pressure for pure oxygen. Looks like this is about 0.2 g / liter.
- the reaction medium also comprises "an indicator of the quantity of said inhibitor".
- the indicator of the amount of inhibitor is a molecular probe
- the indicator of the amount of inhibitor sends a different signal when it is in the presence or absence of the polymerization inhibitor.
- This indicator can in particular be an optical indicator of the amount of inhibitor, and in particular an.
- the indicator of the amount of said inhibitor is a luminescent optical indicator, that is to say fluorescent and / or phosphorescent, at room temperature, the local luminescence intensity of which varies as a function of the amount of inhibitor, and in particular, the local luminescence intensity of which reaches a maximum in the absence of inhibitor.
- the choice of the optical indicator is determined, among other things, by the excitation wavelength of the initiator of
- the optical indicator is preferably chosen from 2, 3-butanedione, 2, 3-propanedione, 2, 3-bornanedione, benzene or pyrene. 2, 3-bornanedione is also hereinafter referred to as camphorquinone.
- the optical indicator of the amount of inhibitor is a phosphorescent optical indicator such as 2,3-butane- dione, also called hereinafter biacetyl or diacetyl.
- Biacetyl is the preferred phosphorescent optical indicator due to its quantum efficiency of
- the optical indicator is a fluorescent optical indicator. In this case, and to take into account the competition between transport to
- the preferred fluorescent optical indicator is pyrene whose
- the fluorescence of this compound using conventional optical filters known to those skilled in the art, and on the other hand, a lifetime of the singlet excited state of pyrene, of the order of 400 ns, which is sufficiently long to be reliably observed.
- the indicator of the amount of inhibitor is dissolved in the resin formed from the mono- or oligomers
- the indicator of the quantity of polymerization inhibitor present in the reaction medium it is possible, according to the process of the invention, to monitor the local transformation from liquid to solid, by following the progress of the polymerization in depth. fluid forming the reaction medium, without contact, as shown, for example, in Figure 5.
- the reaction medium further comprises a polymerization initiator
- the choice of the polymerization initiator is determined, among other things, without this being completely restrictive, by the excitation wavelength of the optical indicator, and vice versa.
- the polymerization initiators according to the invention are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the following articles: Yagci Y., Jockusch S., Turro NJ (2010) - "Photoinitiated
- the polymerization initiator is chosen from
- ketone compounds such as aromatic ketones, aromatic derivatives, eosin Y and other xanthenic dyes.
- polymerization is selected from aromatic ketones, such as benzophenone or 2, 2-dimethoxy-1,2-phenyl acetophenone (DMPA), marketed under the name
- Irgacure 651 registered trademark
- eosin Y for polymerizations in the visible range
- thermal initiators such as benzoyl peroxide for photopolymerizations in the IR range or even other xanthenic dyes.
- Benzophenone whose decomposition in free radicals after absorption of a photon of suitable energy is shown in Figure 6, is a preferred polymerization initiator, according to the invention.
- the reaction medium can further comprise a charge.
- the term “filler” is understood to mean a material, or a particulate material in the broad sense, which is added to the reaction medium, but which does not participate in the polymerization reaction, as defined and
- the filler can be considered as inert with respect to the polymerization.
- the polymerization implemented during the process of the invention is localized and initiated by a mono- or multi-photon absorption, preferably mono or bi-photon.
- a mono- or multi-photon absorption preferably mono or bi-photon.
- the polymerization of the monomers or of the oligomers is initiated by a mono-photon absorption by
- the Polymerization of monomers or oligomers is initiated by a multi-photon absorption, that is to say a sequential or simultaneous absorption of several photons of suitable wavelengths. For example, a sequential or simultaneous absorption of two, three or even four photons.
- the polymerization is initiated, preferably, by
- the choice of the mono- or multi-photonic photopolymerization wavelength in particular one or two
- photons is determined by the choice of the polymerization initiator and its capacity to generate reactive species, under the effect of irradiation. These gradually generate polymerization.
- the irradiation system allows the emission of a locally focused light beam.
- the focusing of the light power or in other words the confinement of the electromagnetic energy in a narrow region of space, can be obtained by any means known to those skilled in the art.
- this focusing can be made possible by components of the mirror or lens type implementing reflection or refraction processes, direct or secondary, linear or nonlinear, by a pulsed laser, typically a picosecond pulsed laser, or by liquid crystal arrays or arrays.
- the focusing of the light power results from the use of a set of fixed parabolic mirrors. An example of such an embodiment is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8.
- the parabolic mirror allows a larger solid angle of focus when using laser irradiation to focus light energy at a point on the object to be photochemically transformed.
- the shape of the voxels is
- the amount of polymerization inhibitor present in the voxel is indicated by the indicator of the amount of inhibitor.
- the amount of inhibitor present is indicated by an optical indicator. This optical indication is given in particular either by measuring the amplitude of the molecular emission signal, or by measuring the lifetime of the excited state.
- the indication of the quantity of inhibitor comprises measuring the light intensity of the optical indicator, using an optical sensor capable of measuring the light intensity of
- the optical indicator or its evolution over time.
- the optical indicator is
- the light intensity emitted by the optical indicator is dependent on the amount of polymerization inhibitor present in the zone to be polymerized.
- the optical indicator after absorption of a photon emitted by the irradiation system, the optical indicator emits a light intensity by a phenomenon of fluorescence and / or phosphorescence (at wavelengths greater than those of irradiation) , and this light intensity emitted by the optical indicator is dependent on the amount of polymerization inhibitor present in the zone to be polymerized.
- the polymerization inhibitor is oxygen and the luminescence of the optical indicator is altered, or even extinguished, by the presence of oxygen (decreasing amplitude of the signal under continuous excitation, lifetime of the excited state precursor of fluorescence and / or phosphorescence in pulsed excitation when the concentration of
- the lifetime of the excited state responsible for the luminescence of the optical indicator is within a sufficiently long time window to make it possible to distinguish the excitation from the emission of luminescence. According to a particular embodiment, the lifetime of the excited state responsible for the luminescence of the optical indicator is of the order of 200 ns to 2 ms, preferably of the order of 400 ns to 1 ms .
- the locally focused light beam emitted by the irradiation system allows both the initiation of the polymerization and the excitation of the optical indicator (molecular probe).
- irradiation allows the emission of the locally focused light beam allowing the initiation of the
- the locally focused light beam emitted by the irradiation system is then a multi-photon beam while the optical indicator reacts to a mono-photon absorption.
- the locally focused beam of light emitted by the system is particularly suitable for a polymerization initiated by a multi-photon absorption, insofar as the locally focused light beam emitted by the irradiation system is then a multi-photon beam while the optical indicator reacts to a mono-photon absorption.
- the locally focused beam of light emitted by the system is particularly suitable for a polymerization initiated by a multi-photon absorption
- irradiation allows the excitation of the polymerization initiator, by a multi-photon excitation, while the excitation system at an absorption wavelength of the optical indicator allows the mono-photon excitation of optical indicator.
- the method according to the invention allows the slaving of the quantity of light emitted by the irradiation system to the quantity, or to the concentration threshold, of.
- the quantity of light emitted by the irradiation system in the zone to be polymerized is slaved to the quantity of polymerization inhibitor present in this same zone, or voxel, according to the indication given.
- the irradiation system stops the irradiation of the voxel considered when
- the irradiation system stops the irradiation of the voxel considered when the optical indicator emits
- the reaction medium comprises the polymerizable monomers or oligomers HDDA, oxygen as polymerization inhibitor and 2, 3- butane-dione as an indicator of the amount of said inhibitor.
- the irradiation system stops irradiating this voxel. “Means for moving the object and / or the focused light beam” are then implemented in order to polymerize another zone. The means for moving the object and / or the focused light beam thus make it possible to switch from one voxel to another, during the
- these means for moving the object and / or the focused light beam allow movement along five axes: three linear axes synchronized with two axes
- the focused light beam is stationary and the object is animated by
- the movement of the object in the reaction medium makes it possible to ensure mixing, at least partially, of the fluid, thus replenishing the vicinity of the object under construction with oxygen.
- the object can thus be animated by a movement along the five axes thanks to a movement of the tank in which it is located, or thanks to a movement of a support on which the three-dimensional object is built or on which the object preformed is placed.
- the object, which is placed in a sphere is immersed in a fluid of iso-refractive index, so as not to have to take into account problems of diopters and so of avoid possible focusing difficulties.
- the reaction medium is permanently replenished with the inhibitor of
- the reaction medium is
- the recycling process can comprise resin in which air is bubbled, or even oxygen.
- the object is stationary and the focused light beam is animated along the five axes.
- the means for moving the focused light beam then allow, for example, a displacement of the irradiation system or a displacement of the focused light beam, using for example a set of mirrors and lenses on the optical path. or the displacement of an optical fiber guiding the beam to the zone to be polymerized, while maintaining the fixed irradiation system.
- the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce three-dimensional objects, but also to use preformed objects on which material is added, for example, for the repair of industrial metal parts or of organic materials.
- the objectives summarized in FIG. 10 are reached.
- the voxels are cubes and that the preformed object has, for example, at least a first resolution of size Dz.
- Dz 10 ⁇ Dzz.
- Several voxel size settings can be considered. By immersing the preformed object in the reaction medium, it is possible to improve its surface condition, or even to use other materials to treat the surface, thus allowing marking, surface treatment with charged resins, or even colorization.
- the number of voxels to be used is substantially proportional to the surface of the object and no longer to its volume, this method allows a time saving of
- the method as defined in the invention therefore provides notable improvements to existing stereolithography methods.
- the method then implements a step of removing the three-dimensional object formed or modified in the tank.
- This removal operation can be carried out by any means known to those skilled in the art such as removal with the forceps, or else with a sieve, for example.
- the method can implement an operation of removing, in particular, unpolymerized monomers or oligomers. forming for example a film on the three-dimensional object obtained.
- This removal operation can be carried out by any means known to those skilled in the art, such as by wiping, by soaking in a bath or by rinsing with a solvent which dissolves the
- This removal operation can be carried out at the end of the resin impressions in the mass. In some cases, a
- fluidization of the reaction medium, and in particular of at least one unpolymerized monomer or oligomer can be done by adding liquid monomer or oligomer which allows recycling of the non-transformed materials, or using a solvent conventional monomer or oligomer.
- this removal operation is carried out by rinsing with a solvent, in particular chosen from ketone or alcoholic compounds, in particular acetone or else.
- the invention also relates to a reaction medium for the manufacture of a three-dimensional object or the
- the reaction medium comprises polymerizable monomers or oligomers advantageously chosen from the family of acrylic resins, a polymerization inhibitor, an indicator of the amount of said inhibitor and at least one initiator.
- reaction medium of the process of the invention also applies to the reaction medium of the invention as such, insofar as it comprises the same
- the monomers or oligomers polymerisables, the polymerization inhibitor,
- the polymerization initiator are as defined above.
- the invention also relates to the use of
- the invention or of the reaction medium according to the invention, to trigger the passage to a next zone to be polymerized in the reaction medium, during a polymerization reaction initiated by mono- or multi-photon absorption.
- the use of the indicator of the quantity of inhibitor or of the reaction medium according to the invention allows the slaving of the quantity of light emitted by an irradiation system, in a zone to be polymerized of the reaction medium, to the quantity of 'inhibitor
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1908646A FR3099479B1 (fr) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Procédé de fabrication d’un objet tridimensionnel, ou de modification de l’état de surface d’un objet préformé, par photo-polymérisation |
PCT/EP2020/070623 WO2021018677A1 (fr) | 2019-07-30 | 2020-07-22 | Procédé de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel, ou de modification de l'état de surface d'un objet préformé, par photo-polymérisation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4003694A1 true EP4003694A1 (fr) | 2022-06-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20740645.5A Withdrawn EP4003694A1 (fr) | 2019-07-30 | 2020-07-22 | Procédé de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel, ou de modification de l'état de surface d'un objet préformé, par photo-polymérisation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220266505A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4003694A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3099479B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021018677A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2001268465A1 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multiphoton curing to provide encapsulated optical elements |
FR2871582B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-11 | 2006-08-25 | Univ Louis Pasteur Etablisseme | Procede de fabrication d'un bloc optique a circuit optique integre par photopolymerisation localisee d'une matrice organique par absorption a deux photons et bloc optique ainsi obtenu |
FR3056593B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-28 | 2020-06-26 | Ecole Centrale De Marseille | Procede pour la realisation d’un objet tridimensionnel par un processus de photo-polymerisation multi-photonique et dispositif associe |
-
2019
- 2019-07-30 FR FR1908646A patent/FR3099479B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-22 US US17/631,570 patent/US20220266505A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-22 EP EP20740645.5A patent/EP4003694A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-07-22 WO PCT/EP2020/070623 patent/WO2021018677A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3099479A1 (fr) | 2021-02-05 |
US20220266505A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
FR3099479B1 (fr) | 2021-07-02 |
WO2021018677A1 (fr) | 2021-02-04 |
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