EP4001508A1 - Device and method for sand blasting - Google Patents

Abstract

Sand cleaning device (10) with a chassis (20) on which a sand elevator (40) is held in an adjustable manner, in particular such that it can be lowered and raised, which is equipped with an endless, motor-driven, circulating conveying device (70) which has a large number of conveying elements (76 ) which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a throwing position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements (76) is thrown onto a sieve (80) located on the sand cleaning device, which allows the sand to pass and that Separating impurities that reach a collection container (83), the sand elevator (40) being connected to the chassis (20) by means of an arm (30) which can be extended and retracted, and a method for sand cleaning with this device.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cleaning sand. "Sand" here means granular, mineral materials made in particular from quartz, lime, dolomite or granite, with a typical grain size of about 1 to 6 mm. "Cleaning" specifically includes the loosening, aeration and removal of contaminants by raising the sand above its surface and passing it through a screen which separates out the contaminants. Typical uses of the invention relate to the cleaning of sand on sandpits and fall protection areas below play and climbing equipment, as well as the sand on diving pits and shot put facilities in schools and sports facilities, and sand on beaches and leisure facilities.

Sand cleaning on playgrounds and sports and leisure facilities is carried out to a large extent by specialized commercial companies commissioned by municipalities such as cities and municipalities. Animal excrement, broken glass, bottle caps, cigarette butts and the like are typically found in the surface layers of soiled sand. Up to a distance of about 15 to 20 cm from the sand surface, aerobic microflora predominate. Depending on the type, quality and compaction of the sand, this is followed by anaerobic microflora at a depth of about 25 to 40 cm, whose bacteria and microorganisms cause the typical moldy smell that can occur on sandy surfaces that have not been cared for for a long time. The sand must also be regularly loosened to a depth of at least 40 cm on the fall protection areas below play and climbing equipment in order to ensure effective fall protection. Proper and high-quality sand cleaning requires not only the detection of the cleaned area, but also the detection and recording of the working depth.

Commercial sand cleaning in playgrounds and sports facilities is typically carried out with the help of mobile sand cleaning devices, the essential components of which are a chassis, a drive motor, a sand elevator, a sieve, a receptacle for impurities and mechanical control and regulation devices. The sand elevator was built according to the state of the art ( EP 1 108 816 A2 ) provided with a plurality of sand conveying elements (slats, shovels, buckets) attached to a motor-driven, endless conveyor (chains or belts arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another, or a single, wide, circulating belt of rubber material) which are arranged between a, in the digging position that can be immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position, preferably conveying overhead, from which the sand raised with the aid of the sand conveying elements is thrown onto a sieve that lets the sand pass and separates impurities that get into the receiving container. The screen can be an inclined vibrating screen, and the sand that has passed the screen automatically falls back onto the sand surface behind the pick-up point. The frame (chassis) running on wheels, caterpillars and/or chains is typically equipped with at least one motor-driven shaft in order to create a mobile, self-propelled sand cleaning device. The engine located on the chassis, typically an internal combustion engine, is expediently coupled to a hydraulic pump, which supplies the various consumers (travel drive, conveying device of the sand elevator) with hydraulic fluid via hydraulic lines. Furthermore, at least the sand elevator is typically provided with a covering and housing.

"Grabstück" means - depending on the adjustment/lowering of the sand elevator - that section of the conveying device with conveying elements that is in the to be cleaned sand is immersed so that the moving conveying elements dig into the sand and absorb sand.

"Dig position" refers to such a position of the conveying device in which the digging piece dips into the sand to be cleaned.

"Dig depth" means, within the sand to be cleaned, the distance between the middle sand surface and the lower edge of the lowermost conveying element when the digging piece assumes its digging position. The massive, heavy frame of the sand cleaning device can serve as a reference point for the sand surface when it is standing or driving on the sand surface.

The sand elevator uses a digging piece that can be adjusted between a selectable working position (digging position) dipping into the sand to different depths and a resting position above the sand surface. The digging piece assumes this resting position, for example, when the mobile sand cleaning device drives automatically from its transport vehicle to the place of use, or when the sand cleaning device is reset in the course of the sand cleaning. Starting from this resting position, the digging piece must be lowered until it dips deep enough into the sand to be cleaned so that the sand elevator can pick up and circulate sand. Such lowering of the grave piece is achieved by adjusting the sand elevator with respect to a frame (chassis) of the sand cleaning device which holds the sand elevator. To carry out such an adjustment, for example, the entire sand elevator can be articulated pivotably on the chassis. The pivoting is effected by a hydraulically operated piston/cylinder arrangement, the piston rod of which adjusts the sand elevator in such a way that its digging piece dips more or less deeply into the sand. According to an alternative embodiment, the entire sand elevator can be along two, parallel and spaced from each other as well as almost vertically aligned rails that are permanently attached to the chassis (downwards) onto the sand surface or away from the sand surface (upwards). The downward adjustment (lowering) typically occurs solely under the action of gravity. At least one hydraulically operated piston/cylinder arrangement, which is inserted between a carrier on the chassis and an abutment on the sand elevator, ensures the upward adjustment (raising).

Known mobile sand cleaning devices of this kind are in use and for example in the documents DE-C2-32 09 134 , DE-C2-34 37 926 , DE-A1-35 13 454 , DE-A1-40 07 409 or in the German patent application 198 53 351.9 described. In all of these known sand cleaning devices, the digging depth is determined solely and exclusively by the appropriate setting and locking of levers, rods or lifting cylinders, which fix the sand elevator in a specific position with respect to the chassis, so that the digging piece can be moved up to a specific dig depth in accordance with this sand elevator position immersed in the sand to be cleaned.

The document EP 0 319 420 B1 discloses a self-propelled machine for cleaning beaches. The known self-propelled device has a tipping container into which the collected waste is conveyed. Also forward of the machine is a pivoted conveyor terminating at its inlet in a scraper plate which slides across the beach to be cleaned to collect debris which is then conveyed into the tipping bin by the two-stage conveyor.

The document DE 36 27 015 A1 discloses an earth clearing device, for example in the form of a bucket wheel excavator, with a chassis on which there is an elevator whose inclination relative to the chassis can be changed. An adjusting cylinder is used to change the elevator inclination a sensor is assigned, which detects the respective elevator inclination and converts it into electrical signals which are fed to a signal processing device.

Proceeding from this, the technical field of the present invention lies in specifying or providing a device for, in particular, commercial sand cleaning.

The closest prior art in this regard can be found in DE 199 60 209 C1 and the EP 1 108 816 A2 . This prior art already shows a method for sand cleaning, in particular for cleaning sand in sandboxes, playgrounds and sports facilities, using a mobile sand cleaning device that has a frame that can be moved on the sand surface and on which a sand elevator is adjustable, in particular that it can be lowered and raised , which is equipped with a circulating conveying device designed as an endless belt, which is provided with a large number of conveying elements, which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position, from which the sand transported in the conveying elements falls onto a sand cleaning device is thrown in place, allowing the sand to pass and separating impurities that end up in a collection tank, with the frame standing or moving on the original surface of the layer of sand to be cleaned; the adjustment/lowering of the sand elevator with respect to the frame causes the lower edge of the lowest conveying element to penetrate more or less deeply into the layer of sand below the sand surface on which the frame stands or travels; and the respective adjustment/lowering is detected with the aid of a sensor.

This prior art also describes a mobile sand cleaning device with a frame that can be moved on the original surface of the sand layer to be cleaned and on which a sand elevator is mounted adjustable, in particular lowerable and raisable, which is equipped with an endless belt, motor-driven, circulating conveying device which is provided with a large number of conveying elements which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements is thrown onto a sieve located on the sand cleaning device, which allows the sand to pass and separates impurities that end up in a collecting tank, the respective digging depth depending on the extent of the respective adjustment/lowering of the sand elevator with respect to the frame, wherein the sand cleaning device is equipped with a device for recording electrical signals, for processing these signals into data and for storing, making available and/or making these data available; and there is also a sensor which detects the respective adjustment/lowering of the sand elevator with respect to the frame and generates corresponding electrical signals and transmits them to the signal processing device.

Appropriate sand cleaning devices according to this prior art have proven themselves very well. In order to be able to use these sand cleaning devices of the prior art, however, a certain minimum size, i.e. a certain minimum length and/or minimum width of the sand area to be cleaned, is required, since the sand cleaning devices of the prior art have to move back and forth within the sand area to be cleaned and thus must also be turned within the sandy area. Furthermore, especially in children's playgrounds, the sand areas are often surrounded by a raised edge so that the children playing there can sit on them and the sand is not spread uncontrollably over the area. In addition, it is often necessary to carry out cleaning work under trees or playground equipment where a commercially available sand cleaning device cannot go because of its height. In the latter cases it is not possible to drive with the sand cleaning device according to the prior art in the corresponding sandbox and to clean the sand there.

Based on this state of the art, it is therefore the object of the present invention to further develop such a sand cleaning device in such a way that it can also be used in small areas of sand and/or sand areas surrounded by raised edges, as well as under trees and under playground equipment.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a device according to claim 1 or 11, which for the first time allows cleaning very small, very narrow or very narrow sandy areas, which can also be surrounded by a raised border, as well as working under trees and under playground equipment .

Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the above-mentioned object is therefore achieved with a sand cleaning device which comprises a chassis and a sand elevator which is held on the chassis in an adjustable manner, in particular such that it can be lowered and raised, and is equipped with a motor-driven, revolving conveying device which is provided with a large number of conveying elements which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a dumping position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements is thrown onto a sieve which allows the sand to pass and which separates impurities which reach a collection container, the conveying device is cylindrical, its axis of rotation runs parallel to the surface of the sand to be cleaned, its end faces and lateral surface are closed, and the conveying elements are attached to the lateral surface of the conveying device. This builds the conveyor much flatter and can also be used under obstacles such as trees or playground equipment.

It is particularly preferred if the conveying elements are removably attached to the lateral surface of the conveying device. As a result, conveying elements damaged by heavy foreign objects in the sand can be replaced quickly and easily without having to replace the entire conveying device.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred if the sand elevator is connected to the chassis by means of an arm, the arm comprising two members which are pivotally connected to one another about an axis parallel to the sand surface, the member facing the chassis being pivotable about an axis parallel to the sand surface is pivoted to the chassis. In this way, hard-to-reach areas of sand behind enclosures or under trees and playground equipment can be reached and cleaned.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred if the sand elevator is pivoted about an axis parallel to the surface of the sand at the free end of the limb of the arm facing away from the chassis. In this way, the change in the working position of the sand elevator when the arm is extended and retracted can be easily compensated. This improves the efficiency of the sand elevator in the far extended or far retracted position.

It is further preferred if the sand elevator can be moved back and forth on a rail which runs radially away from the chassis about an axis parallel to the surface of the sand and is pivotably articulated at the free end of the member of the arm facing away from the chassis. In this way, the reciprocation of the sand elevator for sand cleaning can be performed without complicated movements of the arm, whereby the Operation of the sand cleaning device according to the invention is greatly facilitated.

Hydraulic cylinders are preferably used to pivot the links.

The sand elevator can also be moved back and forth on the rail by means of a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor.

According to the invention, the conveyor elements are preferably designed as angular strips with two legs, one leg of which is screwed to the lateral surface of the conveyor device and the other leg of which is beveled in the direction of rotation of the conveyor device. In this way, with a very simple design of the conveying elements, efficient sand conveyance can be achieved.

The conveying elements are preferably closed on the side by a metal sheet. This prevents sand losses to the side during the conveying process.

The rail on which the sand elevator is reciprocally movable can preferably be provided with a coupling for coupling an arm of a commercially available excavator. The sand cleaning device according to the invention then does not require its own chassis with hydraulic arm, but can be coupled to any commercially available excavator (as well as excavator shovels of different sizes and other tools). Recently, a hydraulic coupling has also been made available, so that the hydraulic pressure required to drive the conveying device can be made available by the commercially available excavator.

According to the invention, the above object is also provided with a mobile sand cleaning device with a chassis on which a sand elevator is adjustable, in particular lowerable and raisable, which is equipped with an endless, motor-driven, circulating conveying device, which is provided with a large number of conveying elements, which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position, from which the The sand transported by the conveying elements is thrown onto a sieve located on the sand cleaning device, which allows the sand to pass and separates impurities which end up in a collection container, the sand elevator being connected to the chassis by means of a telescopically retractable and extendable arm.

It is particularly preferred that the arm is horizontally rotatably attached to the chassis. This eliminates the need to rotate the carriage itself by means of the crawler tracks or wheels on the carriage, which may cause damage to the sand cleaning apparatus stand.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the arm is vertically pivotably attached to the chassis. This also makes it possible to work over an enclosure in the path.

It is particularly preferred if the chassis runs on crawler tracks. This significantly improves the off-road mobility of the mobile sand cleaning device.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the sand elevator is attached to the distal end of the arm such that it can rotate about an axis perpendicular to the direction of extension of the arm. In this way, the working direction of the sand elevator can be flexibly adapted to the shape of the sand area to be cleaned.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the sand elevator is arranged at the distal end of the arm so that it can be lowered perpendicular to the direction in which the arm extends. In this way it is possible to reach and clean a sandy area below, even over relatively high enclosures.

This advantage can also be achieved in that the arm is mounted so that it can pivot vertically about a bearing block, and the bearing block can be raised vertically upwards and lowered downwards relative to the chassis.

It is particularly preferred that the revolving conveying device is formed by a wheel rotating about a horizontal axis, on the radial outside of which the conveying elements are arranged. In this way, the construction of the conveying device is as light and small as possible, which facilitates the handling of the sand elevator by the telescopic arm. It is then not so strong telescopic arm required.

This advantage can also be achieved in that the circulating conveying device is designed as a hollow cylinder with a horizontal axis of rotation, on whose lateral surface the conveying elements are arranged.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for cleaning sand, in particular for cleaning sand in sandpits, playgrounds and sports facilities, in which a mobile sand cleaning device having a chassis on which a sand elevator is adjustable, in particular lowerable and raisable, is held which is equipped with an endless circulating conveyor which is provided with a plurality of conveying elements which circulate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a dumping position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements is thrown onto a sieve located on the sand cleaning device , which allows the sand to pass and which separates impurities that are collected in a Arrive collection container, wherein the sand elevator is lowered into the sand to be cleaned and moved in the sand to be cleaned by means of a telescopically retractable and extendable, rotatably and pivotably mounted arm on the chassis.

Fig. 1

eine erste erfindungsgemäße Sandreinigungsvorrichtung von der Seite während des Betriebes;

Fig. 2

die Sandreinigungsvorrichtung der Fig. 1 am Ende eines Arbeitsgangs;

Fig. 3

die erfindungsgemäße Sandreinigungsvorrichtung der Fig. 1 mit dem mindest möglichen Abstand vom Fahrgestell;

Fig. 4

die Sandreinigungsvorrichtung der Fig. 1 mit ganz eingefahrenem Arm aber ausgefahrenem Sandelevator;

Fig. 5

die Sandreinigungsvorrichtung der Fig. 1 in der maximal ausgefahrenen Stellung des Armes;

Fig. 6

die maximale ausgefahrene Stellung des Armes, wobei auch der Sandelevator maximal ausgefahren ist;

Fig. 7

einen erfindungsgemäßen Sandelevator mit Schiene und Kupplungsvorrichtung für die Verwendung an einem handelsüblichen Bagger schräg von oben gesehen;

Fig. 8

den Sandelevator der Fig. 7 von vorne;

Fig. 9

den Sandelevator der Fig. 7 von der Seite in Mittelstellung;

Fig. 10

den Sandelevator der Fig. 7 in distaler Stellung voll ausgefahren von der Seite;

Fig. 11.

den Sandelevator der Fig. 7 in proximaler Stellung ganz eingefahren von der Seite;

Fig. 12

eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Sandreinigungsvorrichtung in Transportstellung;

Fig. 13

eine Ansicht der gleichen erfindungsgemäßen Sandreinigungsvorrichtung aus einem anderen Blinkwinkel in Arbeitsstellung mit leicht ausgefahrenem Teleskoparm;

Fig. 14

die gleiche erfindungsgemäße Sandreinigungsvorrichtung mit voll ausgefahrenem Teleskoparm und der Arbeitsrichtung "quer"; und

Fig. 15

die erfindungsgemäße Sandreinigungsvorrichtung der Fig. 12 mit voll ausgefahrenem Teleskoparm mit der Arbeitsrichtung "längs".

The present invention is explained in more detail below using two exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

1

a first sand cleaning device according to the invention from the side during operation;

2

the sand cleaning device 1 at the end of an operation;

3

the sand cleaning device according to the invention 1 with the minimum possible distance from the chassis;

4

the sand cleaning device 1 with arm fully retracted but sand elevator extended;

figure 5

the sand cleaning device 1 in the maximum extended position of the arm;

6

the maximum extended position of the arm, whereby the sand elevator is also at maximum extension;

7

seen a sand elevator according to the invention with rail and coupling device for use on a commercial excavator obliquely from above;

8

the sand elevator 7 from the front;

9

the sand elevator 7 from the side in the middle position;

10

the sand elevator 7 fully extended in distal position from side;

11

the sand elevator 7 fully retracted in proximal position from the side;

12

another sand cleaning device according to the invention in the transport position;

13

a view of the same sand cleaning device according to the invention from a different angle in the working position with a slightly extended telescopic arm;

14

the same sand cleaning device according to the invention with the telescopic arm fully extended and the working direction "transverse"; and

15

the sand cleaning device according to the invention 12 with fully extended telescopic arm with the "longitudinal" working direction.

As in 1 shown, a sand cleaning device 1 according to the invention comprises a chassis 10 which is provided with crawler tracks 12 . The chassis 10 can of course also be provided with pneumatic tires.

On the chassis 10, a frame 14 is rotatably mounted about a vertical axis. This frame 14 carries a driver's cab 16 and on this frame 14 is a swivel arm 18 about an axis parallel to the sand surface to be processed, ie horizontally, pivotably mounted. The pivot arm 18 includes a proximal and a distal member 20, 22, the are also hinged to one another so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis, that is to say running parallel to the surface to be machined. The proximal member 20 is pivoted by a hydraulic cylinder 24 . This is mounted on the frame 14. Likewise, the distal member 22 is pivoted by a hydraulic cylinder 26 articulated to the proximal member 20 . At the distal end of the distal member 22 there is an adapter 28 which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis and which is also articulated on the distal end so that it can be pivoted about a horizontal axis. This adapter 28 is pivoted by a further hydraulic cylinder 30. Up to this point, the device described corresponds to a commercially available small excavator, which is usually also equipped with adapters 28 for receiving various tools such as excavator shovels, grippers, etc. These small excavators are preferably also provided with a tap connection for the hydraulic fluid, so that the devices attached to the adapter, such as grabs or the sand elevator 36 according to the invention, are powered by the power source of the excavator, which is usually a hydraulic pump arranged on the frame 14 or under the driver's cab 16 , can be driven.

The sand elevator 36 of the present invention preferably includes a suitable receptacle 32 for the adapter 28 so that the sand elevator 36 of the present invention can be connected to a commercially available excavator in lieu of any other tool.

In the present invention, the receiving element 32 for the adapter 28 is preferably not connected directly to the sand elevator 36, but is arranged on a rail 34 running horizontally.

It is particularly preferred if the receiving element 32 for the adapter 28 and the sand elevator 36 can each be moved back and forth along the rail 34, so that it is possible to work on a sandbox by simply moving the rail 34 opposite the receiving element 32 for the adapter 28 and the sand elevator 36 opposite the rail 34 and is moved. In this way, a uniform digging depth is ensured without the need for complicated control of the swivel arm 18 in order to move the sand elevator 36 away from and back onto the chassis 10 with a constant digging depth. By means of the excavator arm, the sand cleaning device according to the invention can for the first time also be used in sand areas, for example sand boxes, which are surrounded by an enclosure. Furthermore, there is the decisive advantage that in this way sand areas under trees or under playground equipment can also be worked on which would otherwise not be accessible at all for a sand elevator device attached directly to a commercially available excavator due to the upright swivel arm 18 .

Next is in 1 recognizable that the sand elevator 36 comprises a conveying device 37 enclosed by a housing 38 . In its front area, this housing 38 has two end-face end plates 40 on both sides of the conveying device 37, which have the shape of a sector of a circle in the distal area and are rectangularly terminated proximally. A lateral surface 42 of the housing 38 is formed by a correspondingly bent metal sheet, which then ends straight to the rear. Further details of the sand elevator 36 are described below.

the 1 shows the sand elevator 36 in a middle working position. the 2 shows the same arrangement as 1 , but with the sand elevator 36 fully retracted towards the chassis 10.

3 shows a further embodiment of the sand cleaning device 1 according to the invention, in which the sand elevator 36 is provided with its own chassis 44, which consists of two pneumatic tires 46 arranged distally in front of the sand elevator 36. These pneumatic tires 46 are preferably also arranged next to the sand elevator 36 in the width direction, so that the track width of the two pneumatic tires 46 is wider than the width of the sand elevator 36.

This chassis 44 is used on the one hand to prevent the tilting moment, which acts on the chassis 10, from becoming too large when the sand elevator 36 is in the distally fully extended position, by the two pneumatic tires 46 then having the corresponding moment compared to the support the ground. On the other hand, the two pneumatic tires 46 are adjustable in height, and by adjusting the height of the chassis 44, the digging depth of the sand elevator 36 can be precisely set and maintained.

A more detailed description of the sand elevator 36 and its attachments is provided below with reference to FIG Figures 7 to 11 .

3 shows a middle position of the adapter 28 and a maximally proximal retracted position of the sand elevator 36.

4 shows the maximum distally extended position of the sand elevator 36 with the adapter 28 in the same position.

Otherwise both figures show the same embodiment of the invention from the same point of view (from the side). A catch sieve 48 and a collection container 50 can also be seen here for the first time, which are located proximally to the side behind the opening of the housing 38 of the sand elevator 36, so that when the sand elevator works in a clockwise direction (= direction of rotation of the sand elevator when digging) the sand flows through the Sieve 48 is thrown, get stuck on the foreign body of larger dimensions and slip into the collecting container 50. The sieve 48 and collecting container 50 are firmly connected to the housing 38 of the sand elevator 36, so that optimal sand cleaning is guaranteed despite different working positions.

the Figures 5 and 6 show other possible operating positions of the sand cleaning device 3 .

figure 5 shows the swivel arm 18 in the maximum extended position, with the adapter 28 in turn being in the middle position and the sand elevator 36 also being extended to the maximum.

6 also shows the swivel arm 18 and the sand elevator 36 which are extended to the maximum, whereby this time the adapter 28 is also extended to the maximum, ie it is in a rear position in the vicinity of the chassis 10 (proximal).

7 shows only the device consisting of adapter 32, rail 34 and sand elevator 36, which is to be fastened to the swivel arm 18 with the adapter 32, obliquely from above in a three-dimensional representation in order to show the technical details of the device more clearly.

The adapter 32 can be moved along the rail 34 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 52 . Another hydraulic cylinder 54 engages the outer surface 42 of the sand elevator housing 38 and enables the sand elevator housing 38 to be moved back and forth with respect to the rail 34 . For this purpose, a carriage 56 with rollers 58 is movably mounted in the rail 34 .

As already explained above, the sand elevator 36 comprises a sheet metal construction in the form of a cylindrical drum as the conveying device 37, the axis of rotation of which runs parallel to the surface of the sand to be processed. Evenly spaced conveying elements 76 are screwed to the outer surface of the drum, projecting radially outwards.

These conveying elements 76 comprise an L-profile with two legs at an angle of about 90° to one another, the shorter legs of which are parallel to the Lateral surface 42 of the conveying device 37 is arranged, while the other longer leg projects radially from the lateral surface 42 and is bent in its outer area counter to the intended direction of rotation of the conveying device 37 . On the outside, the conveying elements 76 are closed off by a pentagonal plate 78 so that sand caught by the conveying elements 76 can no longer flow off to the side.

At its front, the housing 38 supports the running gear 44, which includes a shaft 80 which supports the two tires 46 in a rotatable manner, the distance between the tires 46 being greater than the width of the housing 38 and the shaft 80 being horizontal to the surface of the sand to be processed runs. The shaft 80 is designed to be adjustable in height, in that a piece of pipe 82 is attached in the middle of the shaft 80, which is accommodated in a further piece of pipe 84 with a larger inside diameter than the outside diameter of the piece of pipe 82, with the piece of pipe 84 on the Front of the housing 38 is fixed and mounted vertically. The height of the chassis 44 and thus the digging depth of the sand elevator 36 can thus be adjusted by adjusting the height of the chassis 44 by adjusting the pipe section 82 in the pipe section 84 . The pipe section 82 can then be mechanically fixed in the pipe section 84, for example by means of a locking screw 86. In order to ensure a straight running direction of the chassis 44, the pipe sections 82, 84 are polygonal, preferably rectangular or square in cross section.

8 shows the sand elevator 36 according to the invention from the outside, ie viewed in the direction of the chassis 10 . The design and the screwing of the conveying elements 76 become even clearer in that the screw heads 88 are visible. Furthermore, stabilizing plates 90 arranged further inwards parallel to the plates 78 can be seen same shape as the plates 78, which serve the outer end of the conveyor elements 76 correspond.

In 8 The hydraulic motor 92 arranged on the outside of the lateral surface 42 can also be seen, which drives the conveying device 37 via a belt pulley 94 and drive belt 96 .

Furthermore, here it is particularly easy to see how the two pneumatic tires 46 are arranged to the side of the housing 38 .

9 shows the sand cleaning device of FIG 7 of the page. Here again the hydraulic motor 92, the belt pulley 94 and the drive belt 96 for driving the conveying device 37 can be clearly seen. In addition, the pulley 98 can be seen here, which sits on a common shaft with the conveyor 37 and is driven by the drive belt 96 . the figures 7 , 8th and 9 show both the receiving element 32 and the sand elevator 36 in a middle position on the rail 34.

the 10 FIG. 1 shows the sand elevator 36 fully extended in the distal direction, while the receiving element 32 is still positioned in the middle position.

11 12 shows the sand elevator 36 in the fully proximally retracted position on the rail 34, i.e. in the position closest to the carriage 10.

The function of the sand cleaning device 1 according to the invention will now be explained with reference to these figures.

How particularly good in 9 can be seen, the conveyor 37 rotates clockwise, ie so that the conveyor elements 76 are moved down to the front. As a result, the conveying elements 76 are filled with the sand in which the conveyor 37 is immersed. This is conveyed upwards on the distal side of the housing 38 and cannot escape laterally from the conveying elements 76 through the metal sheets 78 .

In the housing 38 at the top, the sand is then ejected backwards through the opening of the housing 38 between the end plates 40 by centrifugal force and gravity and hits the catch sieve 48. This can have a suitable mesh diameter so that only sand components of a suitable fineness can pass through pass through the catch screen 48 and be deposited back on the ground.

Any larger debris in the excavated sand will catch on the catch screen 48 and will slide down the length of the catch screen by gravity into the catch bin 50 where it will collect. The collection container 50 must then be occasionally emptied by the operator. Catching sieve 48 and collection container 50 preferably consist of metal grids with a corresponding mesh size. Catching sieve 48 and collecting container 50 can be provided with a vibrating device so that the sand falls through better.

Should impeller elements 76 be damaged by particularly large or heavy foreign objects in the sand, the operator can easily replace them by unscrewing the three screws 88, removing the damaged impeller element 76 and screwing on a new impeller element 76 without having to leave the machine for a long time fails.

12 shows a further sand cleaning device 110 according to the invention in a 3-dimensional representation from diagonally behind in the transport position, i.e. with the telescopic arm 130 fully retracted.

The further sand cleaning device 110 according to the invention comprises a chassis 120, which is preferably provided with crawler tracks 122 for independent locomotion of the machine. Of course, wheels, preferably with pneumatic tires, can also be provided on the chassis 120 instead.

A telescopic arm 130 is mounted on the chassis 120 so that it can rotate horizontally relative to the chassis 120 . The telescopic arm 130 can be moved in and out by means of a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 132 . Above this multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 132 there is also an extendable cable guide 134 for supplying energy to a sand elevator 140 attached to the distal end of the telescopic arm 130 .

The telescopic arm 130 is mounted on a platform 150 so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis. In order to be able to pivot the telescopic arm up and down about this axis, at least one hydraulic cylinder 136 is provided, which acts between the telescopic arm 130 and the platform 150 . A hydraulic cylinder 136 is preferably provided on both sides of the telescopic arm 130 in order to better distribute the forces that arise.

As in figure 12 best seen, the platform 150 can be moved up and down in the vertical direction on four vertical rails 152 . The rails 152 are preferably arranged on both sides of the platform 150 and in each case at the front and rear, so that there is a corresponding rail at each corner of the platform 150 . Preferably on the side of the platform 150 opposite the telescopic arm, there is a vertically acting hydraulic cylinder 154, optionally multi-stage, which is used to raise and lower the platform 150. In this way, the sand cleaning device according to the invention can also reach over enclosures of sand courts and work there. The hydraulic cylinder 154 is thus arranged between the platform 150 and one horizontally rotatable part 124 of the chassis 120 .

The sand elevator 140 is attached to the distal end of the telescopic arm 130 so that it can rotate about a vertical axis. In addition, it can be provided that the sand elevator 140 can also be lowered and raised from the distal end of the telescopic arm 130 by means of hydraulic cylinders or by means of a toothed rack. A corresponding lowering option for the Sandelevator 140 allows even better work beyond the enclosures of sand courts.

The sand elevator 140 itself comprises a conveying device 170, which is designed in the form of a mill wheel or a hollow cylinder, on the outer surface of which conveying elements 176 are arranged. The conveyor device 170 rotates about the axis of rotation of the hollow cylinder, which runs essentially horizontally. The conveyor elements 176 are designed as essentially rectangular plates that are slightly concave in the direction of rotation of the conveyor device 170 and have a front edge that projects in the direction of rotation and runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the hollow cylinder. The edges of the hollow cylinder are formed by circumferential rings that connect the individual conveying elements 176. A protective plate 172 is mounted forward in the direction of rotation of the conveyor device 170 and is in the form of a quarter sector of a hollow cylinder coaxial with the hollow cylinder of the conveyor device 170 with a slightly larger diameter and slightly longer length than the hollow cylinder of the conveyor device 170 . This protective plate prevents the sand picked up by the conveying elements 176 from being thrown forward by the centrifugal force. Rather, the guard plate 172 forces the sand to remain on the conveyor elements 176 until it has passed the highest point of the conveyor 170. Beyond the axis of rotation of the conveying device 170, the protective plate 172 in the form of a hollow cylinder sector merges into a cuboid box 174 with the same cross section. In the area of the box 174, the sand leaves the blades of the conveying elements 176 and flies out of the box 174 to the rear. After leaving the box 174, the sand hits a sieve 180 arranged behind it, which pushes the box 174 in the direction of flight of the sand essentially closed. The sieve 180 also has a rectangular shape, like the cross-section of the box 174, but has slightly larger dimensions in order to still be able to sieve sand that has been deflected to the side. During operation, the sand passes through the sieve 180 and the impurities are held back by the sieve 180 and fall down along the almost vertical sieve 180 into a cuboid collecting container 183 which is arranged horizontally parallel to the axis of rotation of the conveying device and is approximately as wide as the sieve 180, but has a significantly shorter length. The impurities that have been screened out collect in the collecting container 183, the collecting container 183 can be removed in order to empty it if necessary. Preferably, at least the side surfaces of the collecting container 183, like the sieve 180, are designed as a fine metal mesh which does not significantly impede the passage of the sand, but retains all larger contaminants. The screen 180 may be slanted slightly so that its top edge is slightly further away (backward) from the conveyor. This further facilitates the passage of the sand.

The front and rear directions are considered to be in the working direction with respect to the sand elevator 140, i.e. the screen 180 on which the screened sand is ejected is defined as rear.

The conveying elements 176 then move downwards, i.e. on the side facing the sand or immersed in the sand, forwards at the front within the protective plate 172 and downwards at the rear, while the sand picked up is thrown through the sieve 180 by centrifugal force.

The conveying device 170 is driven by an electric or hydraulic motor 190 which is located directly above the axis of rotation of the conveying device and directly outside the protective plate 172 . the The axis of rotation of the motor is parallel to the axis of rotation of the conveying device if a V-belt drive preferably takes place via a pulley 192 attached to the motor shaft, a V-belt 193 and another pulley 194 attached to the conveying device. Alternatively, a chain drive, a drive via a shaft with two bevel gears and similar drive solutions are of course also possible. The advantage of the motor arrangement described here is that the motor is optimally protected against damage. If, for example, a sandpit surrounded by a wall is to be cleaned with the sand cleaning device 110 according to the invention, the sand cleaning device 110 moves on its crawler tracks 122 close to the wall, the telescopic arm is pivoted upwards via the hydraulic cylinder 136 and extended via the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 132. As soon as the sand elevator 140 is beyond the wall, it is lowered again and can then be moved back and forth in the sand to be cleaned by swiveling the telescopic arm 130 sideways and by extending and retracting the telescopic arm 130 laterally to its working direction, such as this in figure 14 is shown as an example.

Alternatively, the sand elevator can also be used as in figure 15 be used. The sand elevator is aligned in the direction of the telescopic arm 130, i.e. the axis of rotation of the conveying device 170 is perpendicular to the direction of extension of the telescopic arm. The sand elevator 140 can then be moved back and forth by extending and retracting the telescopic arm 130 and can only be moved by turning the rotatable one to the side Clean part 124 or the entire sand cleaning device 110 lane by lane the sand.

In order to be able to rotate the sand elevator 140 in a suitable manner, a further electric or hydraulic motor can be provided at the distal end of the telescopic arm 130.

Compared to the previous state of the art, the sand cleaning device 110 according to the invention has the great advantage that it can also be used to perfectly clean small sand areas that are difficult to access, for example those located beyond an enclosure. For the first time, the cleaning of sandy areas without direct access is also possible. Not all previously described degrees of freedom of movement possibilities of the sand cleaning device have to be realized. For example, the part 124 can also be firmly connected to the chassis 120 . The required rotation of the sand cleaning device then takes place via the crawler tracks 122 or correspondingly provided wheels. Likewise, the ability to lower and/or actively rotate the sand elevator 140 relative to the distal end of the telescopic arm 130 can be dispensed with. The sand elevator 140 can, for example, also be rotated in the appropriate direction by the operator before the start of work and then fixed to the distal end of the telescopic arm.

If necessary, the ability to move the platform 150 up and down can also be dispensed with, for example if work does not have to be carried out over high enclosures.

Reference List

1

sand cleaning device

10

chassis

12

crawler tracks

14

frame

16

driver's cab

18

swivel arm

20

proximal limb

22

distal limb

24, 26

hydraulic cylinder

28

adapter

30

hydraulic cylinder

32

Mounting element for adapter 28

34

rail horizontally

36

sand elevator

37

conveyor

38

Housing

40

end plates

42

lateral surface

44

landing gear

46

tire

48

catch screen

50

collection container

52, 54

hydraulic cylinder

56

chassis

58

roll

76

conveying elements

78

sheet

80

Wave

82, 84

pieces of pipe

88

screw heads

90

stabilizing plates

92

hydraulic motor

94

pulley

96

drive belt

98

pulley

110

sand cleaning device

120

chassis

122

crawler tracks

124

rotating part

130

telescopic arm

132

multi-stage hydraulic cylinder

134

cable routing

136

hydraulic cylinder

140

sand elevator

150

platform

152

vertical rails

154

hydraulic cylinder

170

conveyor

172

fender

174

Crate

176

conveying elements

180

Sieve

183

collection container

190

hydraulic motor

192

pulley

193

V-belt

194

pulley

Claims (16)

sand cleaning device (1),
comprising a chassis (10) and a sand elevator (36) which is held on the chassis (10) so that it can be adjusted, in particular so that it can be lowered and raised, and is equipped with a motor-driven, revolving conveying device (37),
which is provided with a large number of conveying elements (76) which rotate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements (76) is thrown onto a sieve (48) which passes through the sand leaves and separates impurities that get into a collection container (50),
characterized in that
the conveying device (37) is cylindrical, its axis of rotation runs parallel to the surface of the sand to be cleaned, the conveying elements (76) being attached to a lateral surface of the conveying device (37). Sand cleaning device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the end faces and the lateral surface of the conveying device (37) are designed to be closed, Sand cleaning device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conveying elements (76) are detachably attached to the lateral surface of the conveying device (37). Sand cleaning device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the sand elevator (36) is connected to the chassis (10) by means of a swivel arm (18), the swivel arm (18) comprising two links (20, 22) which are mutually connected around an axis running parallel to the sand surface, preferably by means of hydraulic cylinders (24, 26) are pivotally connected, wherein the chassis (10) facing member (20) is hinged to the chassis (10) pivotably about an axis parallel to the sand surface. Sand cleaning device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the sand elevator (36) is pivoted about an axis parallel to the surface of the sand at the free end of the link (22) of the pivot arm (18) facing away from the chassis (10). Sand cleaning device according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the sand elevator (36) can be moved back and forth on a rail (34), preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder (52) or an electric motor, which extends radially away from the chassis (10). pivoted about an axis parallel to the surface of the sand at the free end of the chassis (10) facing away from the link of the pivot arm (18). Sand cleaning device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying elements (76) are designed as angular strips with two legs, one leg of which is screwed to the lateral surface of the conveying device (37) and the other leg of which is in the direction of rotation of the conveying device (37) is beveled. Sand cleaning device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the conveying elements (76) are closed on the side by a metal sheet (78). Sand cleaning device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the rail (34) is provided with a receiving element (32) for coupling to an arm of a commercially available excavator. Sand cleaning device (1; 110) with a chassis (10; 120) on which a sand elevator (36; 140) is adjustable, in particular lowerable and raisable, which is equipped with an endless, motor-driven, circulating conveying device (37; 170). ,
which is provided with a plurality of conveying elements (76; 176) which rotate between a digging position immersed in the sand to be cleaned and a discharge position from which the sand transported in the conveying elements (76; 176) is discharged onto a sieve ( 48; 180) is thrown, which allows the sand to pass and which separates impurities which end up in a collection container (50; 183),
characterized in that
the sand elevator (36; 140) is connected to the chassis (10; 120) by means of an arm (18; 130) which can be extended and retracted. Sand cleaning device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the arm (18; 130) is mounted on the chassis (10; 120) so that it can be rotated horizontally and/or pivoted vertically. Sand cleaning device according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the sand elevator (36; 140) at the distal end of the arm (18; 130) can be rotated about an axis perpendicular to the direction of extension of the arm (18; 130) and/or perpendicular to the direction of extension of the arm (18; 130) is arranged such that it can be lowered. Sand cleaning device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the arm (130) is vertically pivotally mounted on a platform (150) and the platform (150) can be raised vertically upwards and downwards with respect to the chassis (120). Sand cleaning device according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the circulating conveying device (170) is formed by a wheel rotating about a horizontal axis, on the radial outside of which the conveying elements (176) are arranged. Sand cleaning device according to one of Claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the circulating conveying device (170) is designed as a hollow cylinder with a horizontal axis of rotation, on the outer surface of which the conveying elements (176) are arranged. methods of sand cleaning,
in particular for cleaning sand in sandboxes, playgrounds and sports facilities,
with the aid of a mobile sand cleaning device (1; 110) which has a chassis (10; 120) on which a sand elevator (36; 140) is held in an adjustable manner, in particular such that it can be lowered and raised,
which is equipped with an endless, circulating conveying device (36; 170),
which is provided with a plurality of conveyor elements (76; 176) which are immersed in the sand to be cleaned between a digging position and
a discharge position, from which the sand transported in the conveying elements (76; 176) is thrown onto a sieve (48; 180) located on the sand cleaning device (10), which allows the sand to pass and separates impurities which are collected in a collecting container ( 50; 183)
characterized in that
the sand elevator (36; 140) is lowered into the sand to be cleaned and moved in the sand to be cleaned by means of a telescopically retractable and extendable arm (18; 130) mounted rotatably and pivotably on the chassis (10; 120).

Images