EP3984646A1 - Installation modulaire de recyclage - Google Patents

Installation modulaire de recyclage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3984646A1
EP3984646A1 EP20202644.9A EP20202644A EP3984646A1 EP 3984646 A1 EP3984646 A1 EP 3984646A1 EP 20202644 A EP20202644 A EP 20202644A EP 3984646 A1 EP3984646 A1 EP 3984646A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorting
supporting structure
container
support structure
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20202644.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3984646B8 (fr
EP3984646C0 (fr
EP3984646B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Langhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swiss Krono Tec AG
Original Assignee
Swiss Krono Tec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP20202644.9A priority Critical patent/EP3984646B8/fr
Application filed by Swiss Krono Tec AG filed Critical Swiss Krono Tec AG
Priority to ES20202644T priority patent/ES2954903T3/es
Priority to PL20202644.9T priority patent/PL3984646T3/pl
Priority to CN202180071437.2A priority patent/CN116390816A/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2021/077467 priority patent/WO2022084031A1/fr
Priority to US18/032,646 priority patent/US20240017440A1/en
Priority to EP21790112.3A priority patent/EP4204161A1/fr
Publication of EP3984646A1 publication Critical patent/EP3984646A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3984646C0 publication Critical patent/EP3984646C0/fr
Publication of EP3984646B1 publication Critical patent/EP3984646B1/fr
Publication of EP3984646B8 publication Critical patent/EP3984646B8/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/005—Transportable screening plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing wood chips.
  • wood chips are produced industrially from unprocessed or processed wood and used for the production of wood-based materials.
  • high-performance devices are erected in a stationary manner, usually in halls or shelters.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device which allow improved provision of wood chips.
  • the object is achieved with a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 11.
  • aggregates for material feeding, sorting and shredding in a size that they can be mounted in a supporting structure are an element of the invention.
  • Such aggregates are available or they can easily z. B. can be adapted to the installation in a supporting structure by adjusting the attachment points.
  • these are aggregates that are usually installed in halls or buildings on solid foundations, which are therefore immobile.
  • carriers mostly metal carriers, e.g. B. I-beam made of steel, added to a supporting structure, which is based on the respective unit, its weight and its weight distribution and special features such. B. is adjusted during operation, for example the vibration behavior.
  • the supporting structure is reinforced by sections of steel profiles or steel sheets inserted between the girders, in particular at the support or attachment points of the units and/or in the area of connections for manipulating the supporting structure and in the area of connections for attaching the supporting structure to means of transport.
  • the steel sections or steel sheets are preferably welded to the supports, but they can also be detachably or permanently connected to the supports in other ways, e.g. B. by rivets, bolts or screws.
  • the supporting structure is optimally designed for securing or fastening the unit to the supporting structure.
  • This support structure in which the respective unit is then used, is preferred clad at least in sections with walls on the floor, sides and ceiling, so that a container is created. If necessary, e.g. B. a wall is completely or partially missing if a unit cannot be completely accommodated in a container. If the term container is used in connection with this invention, what is essentially meant is a supporting structure clad at least in sections with floor, walls and ceiling. Ports for manipulating the container can also be fitted where the center of gravity of the particular container allows so that the container with the unit fitted therein can be safely manipulated. For other aggregates that do not have any special requirements for the container, e.g. B. also commercially available, prefabricated containers, z. B. sea containers are used, z. B. for housing the control unit.
  • aggregates such as material supply, first and second sorting as well as material shredding, material separation and buffers are arranged in a supporting structure.
  • Supporting structures that are transportable are particularly preferred.
  • Typical support structures within the meaning of the invention correspond in size to z. B. standard 20-foot or 40-foot containers on means of transport such. B. trucks or can be transported by train.
  • the supporting structures are preferably provided with connections that allow the supporting structures to be manipulated and to be fastened to the means of transport.
  • conventional sea containers are generally not well suited; instead, the support structures described above, which are individualized for the respective aggregate, are used according to the invention.
  • the aggregates that are used to carry out the method can either be completely accommodated in a support structure.
  • a typical unit that can be accommodated in a supporting structure is the material feed.
  • a unit can also be subdivided into segments and housed in two or more supporting structures.
  • Typical here is the sorting, which in a simple version can also be accommodated in a supporting structure.
  • both the first and the second sorting are preferably designed in multiple stages.
  • the individual stages of the first or second sorting form segments, which may be based on two or more supporting structures can be divided.
  • the above-mentioned second and fourth supporting structures for the sorting can thus each be designed as a group of at least two supporting structures.
  • the individual units of the device can be stably attached to or in a supporting structure by means of detachable or non-detachable connections. If necessary, a single unit can also be attached to a supporting structure on a damping mount, especially if the respective unit causes vibrations or sound waves during operation.
  • the problem of vibrations, in particular sound waves can be further taken into account by arranging a supporting structure on a foundation, a further, simple supporting structure or another container, as described below. If the supporting structure is designed as a container, vibrations caused by sound sources can advantageously be dampened by a corresponding sound-insulating coating on the inner walls, the floor and/or the ceiling of the container, better than would be possible in a hall or another building.
  • the device according to the invention can therefore also be set up in an environment in which only a limited noise exposure is permissible.
  • the support structure used according to the invention if it is designed as a container, has at least one closable opening, e.g. B. opens a door that simplifies maintenance and, if necessary, repairing the unit installed in the special container.
  • a container used for the control e.g. B. a prefabricated container has doors. It has also been found that the individual units with the transport structure do not exceed the permissible weight of a transport vehicle, so that a mobile or semi-mobile device is required, especially if the supporting structure does not exceed the dimensions of a 20-foot or 40-foot container can be used to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the support structures with the aggregates arranged therein are left on the vehicles and are therefore to be regarded as mobile devices.
  • they are set up on a foundation, in particular on spot foundations, which can be produced quickly, inexpensively and easily, but without being permanently connected to the foundation.
  • the supporting structures or containers can be stacked on top of each other.
  • This embodiment is particularly preferred when, following the material flow from the supplied material to the wood chip, the outlet of a container through which the material first passes can be arranged above the inlet of a container through which the material subsequently passes. Typically this can e.g. B. done in a multi-level sorting. If it is necessary to place a container above ground level without being able to place it on top of another supporting structure or another container, it is advisable to place the container on a simple supporting structure, where the simple supporting structure does not contain any aggregate, but only from each other associated carriers.
  • the simple support structure preferably has the same length and width as the support structure or container used for the device, which contain aggregates.
  • the height of the simple support structure can preferably be adjusted individually, so that the various support structures or containers can be set up at the optimum height in relation to one another.
  • the connections that the supporting structure or the container already has for manipulation and transport can preferably be used to secure the supporting structure or the container that contains a unit on the simple supporting structure that does not contain any unit. If necessary, further connections can be created to secure the supporting structure or the container with the unit on the simple supporting structure without the unit. Preference is given to detachable connections, e.g. B. screwed or plugged or form-fitting connections.
  • the device according to the invention for producing wood chips can be set up very easily and without much preparation. Accordingly, the device can also be easily dismantled and re-erected at a different location. So it is mobile or semi-mobile.
  • the device according to the invention can easily be supplemented with additional units or reduced, depending on the requirements resulting from the wood material used arise or which requirements arise for the wood chips to be produced.
  • a building does not have to be erected in order to set up the device according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be scaled as desired in terms of performance, e.g. B. also by installing two or more parallel production lines for the production of wood chips.
  • a typical performance of a production line e.g. B. with equipment according to claim 1 or 11 can have a capacity of up to 500 m 3 / day of wood chips.
  • the material-carrying lines that connect the supporting structures or the container or the aggregates mounted therein, such as material supply, first sorting, material shredding, second sorting and, if necessary, buffers or material separators, are preferably of modular design, ie z. B. from screwed line sections. In this way, the lines can be adapted to the respective design or the respective location of the device according to the invention.
  • the material to be shredded or the wood chips are in the material-carrying lines, especially in pipelines z. B. conveyed by gravity, vibration, as a suction line or by means of compressed air.
  • conveyor belts, trough chain conveyors or the like can also be used as material-carrying lines, in which case the material or the wood chips can then be conveyed on the circulating belts from one of the units described above to the next or from one sorting stage to the next.
  • the conveyor belts can be open or closed.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out continuously or batchwise, preference being given to continuous process operation.
  • the supply of material to be comminuted for the material supply is preferably designed to be continuous.
  • the device and the method according to the invention are suitable for crushing any wood material.
  • the material to be shredded is preferably recycled wood, in particular untreated or uncoated recycled wood, e.g. B. from used packaging material such as crates or pallets, which is available in much smaller quantities and decentralized, i.e. in a different spatial distribution.
  • the material to be crushed is preferably in a size of up to 500 mm, advantageously up to 300 mm fed in the maximum extension.
  • the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention is therefore possibly preceded by a first device for reducing the maximum size of the material to be comminuted.
  • the material supply of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention advantageously has a receiving container, which may also consist of the first supporting structure, which can usually consist of a container with closed side walls and bottom, or which is inserted into the first supporting structure.
  • the material to be shredded is introduced via an inlet, advantageously via an open top of the container.
  • the material supply has an outlet, which feeds the supplied wood material in doses to the subsequent processing units, initially to the first sorting.
  • the discharge can z. B. be designed as a moving floor or as a discharge screw. If necessary, a sloping floor has been drawn into the receiving container, which feeds the wood material contained therein to the discharge. From the discharge, the material to be shredded is metered, i.e. in a uniform flow of material, via the first material-carrying line to the first sorter.
  • the first sorting concerns the sorting of the material to be shredded. At least one specified fraction that is suitable for the subsequent material shredding is sorted. Pieces that are too large are sorted out, if necessary also pieces that are too small. In particular, pieces that are too large can be fed back to the crushing before the material is fed in. If necessary, different fractions of the material to be shredded can be sorted, e.g. B. are supplied to various crushing devices in the material crushing. Sorting is done e.g. B. with the help of grates, screens, vibrating screens, vibrators or conveyor belts, each through an air classification, z. B.
  • the sorting is carried out in one stage, but it is preferably carried out in several stages.
  • a typical sorting has e.g. B. a combination of a vibrating chute and a screen, such as a roller or disc screen.
  • the second sorting which is arranged in at least a fourth supporting structure, follows after the material has been shredded. It is connected to the material shredder via the third material-carrying line and is designed to sort wood chips.
  • vibrators, sieves or grates are used.
  • compressed air or vibration is used for sorting.
  • the sorting in particular the first sorting, can be carried out by other units, in particular by material separators, e.g. B. for metal or plastic, are supplemented.
  • material separators e.g. B. for metal or plastic
  • Typical aggregates for material separation are magnets, X-ray devices, NIR devices (NIR Near Infrared) or gravity separators.
  • the wood material which is sorted as accept in the first sorting and has the desired dimensions, is fed to the material crusher by means of the second material-carrying line.
  • the material shredding is arranged in the third support structure.
  • Material comminution can be carried out with one of the following devices: impact mechanism, hammer, mill, crusher or chipper or with a combination of these devices.
  • the aim is to produce chips, in particular from lumpy wood material. Since recycled wood is preferably to be comminuted, the comminuting device is advantageously designed to comminute dried wood with a moisture content of up to 30% by weight.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with at least one buffer, which can be arranged before or after at least one of the above units (material supply, first sorting, material comminution, second sorting).
  • a container is preferably used as a buffer or a buffer which is arranged in a support structure.
  • the material to be stored in the buffer is fed via a material-carrying line and an inlet and fed to the downstream unit via an outlet and a material-carrying line or used as a store for finished wood chips.
  • a support structure or a container which is used either as a buffer or with a unit arranged therein, has an inlet and an outlet.
  • the inlet and/or outlet are preferably each connected to a material-carrying line or are connected by a material-carrying line interspersed.
  • the individual above aggregates that must or can be used to carry out the method according to the invention are each connected to a controller for monitoring and control or regulation, which is arranged in a fifth container, which can also be a known standard container.
  • the controller is connected to the individual units via control connections that are designed either as lines or wirelessly.
  • the controller is connected via control connections to sensors that detect the operating state of the devices and whose signals are used by the control unit in particular to regulate the individual units, preferably to regulate them in a coordinated manner.
  • the control unit ensures that the wood chips produced meet the specified requirements, e.g. B. by adjusting the sorting and/or the shredding of the material. If required, the controller can also start up or shut down individual units.
  • individual units of the device can also be put into operation without the controller, e.g. B. to sort a batch of raw material or a batch of chips.
  • a device 2 according to the invention for the production of wood chips has according to 1 as aggregates of the device 2 a material supply 4, a first sorting 6, a material crushing 8, a second sorting 10, a control 12 and, as optional units, a suction device 14, a material separator 16 and a buffer 18. All of the aforementioned units 4 to 18 are each arranged in a support structure 3, which can also be designed as a container, ie at least in sections with a floor, walls or ceiling.
  • the supporting structure 3 is made up of beams 3a, constructed here from double T-beams made of steel, which are detachably or permanently connected to one another, e.g. B. are welded together.
  • beams 3a constructed here from double T-beams made of steel, which are detachably or permanently connected to one another, e.g. B. are welded together.
  • two outer closed frame 3b are arranged from interconnected carrier 3a.
  • An additional closed frame 3c is preferably also arranged, which gives additional stability to the supporting structure 3 in a mostly central arrangement.
  • a steel section 3e is used in sections between the two outer I-beams 3a.
  • the steel profile 3e is two steel sheets which are connected to one another at a distance and on which the respective unit is fastened.
  • such steel profiles 3e or steel sheets can be attached in sections to the walls, ceiling or floor of the supporting structure, as required, in order to be able to optimally fasten or secure the unit to be accommodated in the supporting structure 3.
  • Additional components can optionally be attached between the steel profile 3e or sheet steel or the double T-beams of the supporting structure 3 and the unit to be fastened, e.g. B. for sound or vibration damping.
  • the carrier 3a of the supporting structure 3 spans a space whose base area 3d is freely chosen, but which is preferably rectangular and z. B. corresponds to the dimensions of a 20-foot sea container.
  • the height of the support structure can also be freely selected, but is preferably tailored to the fact that the support structure 3 is transportable.
  • the height of the support structure is preferably such that a transport z. B. is possible by truck or train. If the support structure 3 accommodates a unit according to the invention, the height of the support structure is preferably limited to the height of a 20-foot sea container.
  • the height of the supporting structure 3 can also be lower than one 20-foot sea containers are selected if they do not accommodate an aggregate according to the invention, but instead a simple supporting structure is designed which is intended for a supporting structure 3 which accommodates an aggregate to be placed on the simple supporting structure.
  • the supporting structure 3 is, as in the Figures 1 to 7 shown, in this embodiment usually designed as a container, so has at least partially a floor 3f and side walls 3g and possibly a ceiling 3h, z. B. to avoid contamination of the units or for reasons of noise protection.
  • Means 3i for fastening the supporting structure 3 are preferably attached to the supports 3a of the supporting structure 3 or the side walls 3g, preferably to or on another, simple supporting structure 3 or another container or to a vehicle.
  • the means 3i for fastening are known per se, for example from sea containers. These are preferably recesses into which releasable fastening means can engage.
  • means for manipulating can engage the means 3i for fastening, so that the support structure 3 can be manipulated, e.g. B. can be raised, positioned or moved.
  • the support structure 3 is preferably designed for transport by truck or train.
  • the support structure 3, in particular in the version as a container, may have doors 3j, preferably z. B. in the narrow sides of the mostly rectangular supporting structure or the container, in order to facilitate the maintenance and, if necessary, the repair of the units installed in the supporting structure 3.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by a particularly simple structure that is suitable for mobile or semi-mobile use.
  • the units can be arranged in any form of container, but containers that can be transported by truck or train are preferred.
  • some of the units of the device are arranged in a container or designed as a container, i.e. as a supporting structure 3, which is at least partially provided with a floor 3f, walls 3g and/or a ceiling 3h, the container with the contained therein Aggregate when running after 1 each placed on a simple support structure 3 made of metal.
  • the supporting structure 3 has the same length and width as z. B. a 20-foot sea container, while the height of the supporting structure 3 is individually adjusted.
  • the supporting structure 3 can also be transported and set up like a known sea container, in particular if the supporting structure 3 has the same receptacles 3i for fastening means as a known container.
  • the supporting structure 3 containing a unit or the container is fastened to the simple supporting structure 3 with a fastener, here with screwed bolts.
  • This fastener is either a known fastener with which the container z. B. is also attached to a truck or on a railroad car.
  • z. B. connectors are formed in which a plug-in element is aligned with a receptacle 3i on the container and with a receptacle 3i on the supporting structure 3 and these receptacles 3i penetrates.
  • the receptacles 3i can also be used to create a screw connection or another, preferably detachable connection between the container and the supporting structure 3.
  • a form-fitting connection can also be used to fasten a container to a supporting structure 3, advantageously in conjunction with an additional plug-in connection which prevents the container from becoming detached from the supporting structure 3.
  • the advantage of the combination of a simple support structure 3 and a support structure 3 containing a unit is that the various units are each arranged at the optimum height relative to one another.
  • the simple supporting structure 3, which also contains a unit, can be reused at different locations. It can also be transported by truck or train.
  • the simple support structure 3 or the support structure 3 containing a unit or the container is placed on a foundation, with a point foundation usually being sufficient for about four to six support points on which the support structure 3 then rests.
  • a simple supporting structure 3 or one containing a unit or a container can also be stacked next to or on top of one another.
  • supporting structures 3 or containers arranged next to one another or one above the other are secured to one another, it being possible for the fastening means described above to be used.
  • the three alternatives for the arrangement of supporting structures 3 or containers can be used when setting up a device can also be combined with several aggregates for the production of wood chips.
  • the individual units are each detachably or non-detachably attached to the support structure 3 and possibly in a container, for example by screws, plug connections, rivets, welded connections or snap-in connections, but also by form-fitting connections. If necessary, the individual units are each mounted on noise or vibration-damping bearings.
  • the support structure provides carriers 3a, steel profiles 3e and/or steel sheets individually matched to the units, which take into account the size and the weight and the weight distribution of the respective unit.
  • a container is provided with a sound-absorbing coating on the inner wall.
  • the lines are also mounted on noise and vibration-damping bearings if required. If a line as closed, i. H., provided with a housing line, this line can also be provided on the inner wall at least in sections with a sound-absorbing coating.
  • Aggregates of the device 2 according to the invention are also presented in alternative designs below. Identical components are given the same reference symbols in connection with this description.
  • the individual aggregates of the material feed 4, the first and the second sorting 6, 10 and the material shredding 8 and, if necessary, the suction 14, the material separator 16 and the buffer 18 are either known aggregates or are provided in the desired dimensions within the framework of usual adjustments .
  • the device 2 is for the production of wood chips z. B. for the production of z. B. wood-based materials such as chipboard or for the production of fibers for fiberboard, especially MDF boards or insulating materials. According to the exemplary embodiment, it is designed for processing wood material with a maximum length of 500 mm, preferably a maximum of 300 mm.
  • the wood material comes either from fresh wood or - preferably - from recycled wood, eg from roughly broken pallets or crates.
  • the material supply 4 has a supporting structure 3, which is equipped as the first container 4a with a moving floor 4b and with walls 3g, as in 2 to see in detail.
  • the sliding floor 4b as a discharge device feeds the wood material at the bottom of the first container 4a to a first material-carrying line 20, which connects the material supply 4 to the first sorting system 6.
  • the first material-carrying line 20 is equipped with a conveyor belt or a trough chain conveyor for transporting the material to be shredded. It starts at the lower end at the outlet 4c of the first container 4a and ends on the top of the second container 6a of the first sorting 6.
  • the material to be shredded is, as in 2 shown, the material supply 4 fed via an inlet 4d, here the open top of the 1st container 4a.
  • the material feed 4 is arranged on a simple support structure 3, which has the same dimensions as the material feed 4.
  • the first sorting 6 sorts the wood material to be shredded.
  • the first sorting 6 has three levels. All supporting structures 3, which have sorting units, are each placed on a simple supporting structure 3, which has the same dimensions as the supporting structures of the first sorting 6 placed on it.
  • the supporting structures 3 of the first sorting 5 are each designed as a second container 6a, which has a bottom 3f.
  • One each of the in 3 or 4 illustrated three supporting structures 3 of a first sorting 6 can be designed for dividing the wood material to be shredded into at least two fractions.
  • the material to be shredded is 3 e.g. B. fed through an inlet 6b, in which the first material-carrying line 20 opens.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first sorting 6, which is designed as a sieve 6c and created in the second container 6a.
  • the first material-carrying line 20 opens through the inlet 6b in the top or in a side wall in the second container 6a.
  • the sieve 6c separates the material to be crushed into two fractions, for example a first fraction of wood material up to 20 mm long in the largest dimension and a second fraction of wood material more than 20 mm long in the largest dimension.
  • the first fraction is processed as accept and z. B. used for the production of chipboard or fiberboard
  • the second fraction is too large to be processed as accept and is fed to the material shredding. Particles that are too small are discharged.
  • Correspondingly shows 3 a first outlet 6d and a second outlet 6e for the wire 6c.
  • the outlets open into the bottom of the container 6a; alternatively, depending on the configuration of the sorting, the outlets can also be located in the side walls or the top of the second container 6a. So that the performance of the first sorting 6 is adapted to the performance of the material feed 4 or the material shredding 8, according to the embodiment 1 second container 6a, each with at least one aggregate of the first sorting 6 arranged in series.
  • the three support structures 3 of the first sorting 6 are each connected to one another by material-carrying lines 20 . Material that is too large is forwarded to the next aggregate of the first sorting 6 and sorted again there.
  • Each second container 6a preferably has a different unit for sorting or a different combination of units, e.g. B. according to 3 or 4 on.
  • the first sorting 6 is connected via a suction line 14c to a suction device 14, the structure of which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the suction line 14c can be connected via any side of a second container 6a.
  • a sorting of the material to be shredded via a vibrating chute 6f which distributes the material to be sorted widely, followed by z. B. a roller or disc screen.
  • This vibration channel 6f is arranged above the second container 6a in its own support structure 3, the width of which corresponds to the width of the second container 6a.
  • the first material-carrying line 20 for the material to be comminuted is routed through an inlet in the upper side of the supporting structure 3 of the vibrating chute 6f.
  • the second container 6a is specially adapted to the requirements of the roller or disk screen arranged therein.
  • the outlet or outlets of the roller or disc screen are here arranged in the bottom 3f of the second container 6a, which rests on a simple supporting structure 3.
  • the roller or disk screen in the second container 6a is connected to the suction device 14 via a suction line 14c, which ensures that no wood dust escapes from the first sorting 6.
  • a material separator 16 is arranged between the vibrating chute 6f and the second container 6a. B. is designed with a gravity separator, as an X-ray machine or as a NIR device to sort out foreign objects. Foreign bodies are then discharged via a line 16a. More on the material separator 16 is given below executed.
  • the flow of the material to be crushed can be as in Fig.1 shown, according to a first alternative through material-carrying lines 20, the two or more containers of the first sorting 6 happen one after the other.
  • the flow of material to be shredded is divided into partial flows, the number of which corresponds to the number of supporting structures 3 or containers of the first sorting 6 if the two or more second containers 6a of the first sorting 6 are arranged in parallel are.
  • the material separator 16 is usually arranged in a container 6a, 10a of the first or second sorting or in its own supporting structure 3 in connection with the first or second sorting 6, 10.
  • the material separator 16 usually has one of two units, either a first aggregate designed to separate metallic or such particles from the accept of the first sorting, which are heavier than the wood material (heavy material separator).
  • the second unit which is usually used in later stages of sorting, is designed to separate foreign matter or particles that are lighter than the wood material, e.g. B. plastic particles or plastic films.
  • NIR near infrared
  • a second material-carrying line 22 connects according to FIG 1 the second container 6a of the first sorting 6 with the shredding material 8, which is arranged in a supporting structure in a third container 8a, as shown in FIG figure 5 shown in detail.
  • the container 8a stands on a simple supporting structure 3.
  • a material separator 16 is arranged in the third container 8a in front of the material crushing unit.
  • the second material-carrying line 22 is connected through an inlet 8b in the top of the third container 8a to the material separator 16, e.g. B. an X-ray or NIR device connected.
  • the inlet 8b can be made in any wall of the container.
  • a connection 8c leads from the material separator 16 to the unit that crushes the material.
  • the third container 8a depending on the material to be shredded and the requirement for the shredded material
  • a percussion mechanism, a hammer, a mill, a crusher or a chipper can be installed as a unit for crushing the material.
  • a chipper 8d which is designed for the production of wood chips. It also applies to the material crushing 8 that two or more of the above-mentioned units can be combined, either arranged in parallel or one behind the other. Is particularly suitable z.
  • B a combination of a crusher and a subsequently arranged chopper, which are successively traversed by the material to be crushed.
  • third containers 8a can also be arranged in parallel here.
  • the material comminution 8 is connected via an outlet to a third material-carrying line 24 to a second sorting device 10, which is arranged in a fourth support structure 10a.
  • the third material-carrying line 24 extends from the bottom of the third container 8a to the top or to a side wall 3g of the fourth container 10a.
  • the shredding of material 8 is also in accordance with 1 connected to the suction device 14 via a suction line 14d.
  • the third material-carrying line 24 can be designed as a conveyor belt, trough chain conveyor or as a blow line in the wood chips z. B. be promoted to the second sorting 10 by means of compressed air.
  • the fourth container 10a, z. B. is designed as a clad with floor, walls and ceiling support structure 3, has the second sorting 10, which is designed for the fractionation of chips.
  • the second sorting 10 can, for. B. by means of compressed air, gravity or vibration.
  • the second sorting 10 is also preferably connected via a suction line 14e to the suction device 14, which sucks off the dust produced during the second sorting 10. While a fraction that is too small is either sucked off as dust or sorted out, a fraction that is too large is preferably fed again via a fifth material-carrying line 28 to the material shredding 8 in order to reduce waste and maximize the yield.
  • the accept of the second sorting also passes through a material separator 16 arranged in or on the fourth container 10a, so that an accept is produced that has no disruptive foreign matter.
  • a fourth material-carrying line 26 leads from the second sorting 10 to the utilization of the wood chips produced, in particular to a wood-based material production, but also to an insulating material production or to other further processing methods.
  • the fourth material-carrying line 26 can be designed like the third material-carrying line 24.
  • a buffer 18 is inserted into the fourth line 26 carrying material.
  • the buffer 18 is optional and can also be arranged before or after the material feed 4, the first or second sorting 6, 10 or before the material shredding 8, depending on the requirements of the respective embodiment of the device 2 according to the invention.
  • the buffer 18 is according to 6 designed as a support structure 3, in which a container 18a is used with an inlet 18b, which is designed as an open top 18c of the container 18a.
  • the walls 18d of the container 18a taper in the shape of a funnel towards a conveyor screw which is arranged at the lower end of the walls 18d and is arranged in a trough 18e, which conveys the wood chips stored in the buffer 18 to an outlet 18f.
  • the outlet 18f is connected to the fourth material-carrying line 26 .
  • FIG. 7 shows in general a suction device 14b arranged essentially in a support structure 3 designed as a container 14a, which, among other things, together with the suction lines 14c-f, forms the suction 14.
  • the suction device 14 is arranged in a cuboid support structure 3 standing on one end face.
  • the drive 14g and the intake pipe 14h are arranged outside of the container 14a. They are mounted on one half of a simple supporting structure 3, on the other half of which the container 14 rests with its end face. Intake pipe 14h and drive 14g are transported separately from container 14a during transport. If necessary, as in 1 shown, several suction devices 14b can be arranged in parallel. Suction devices 14b arranged in parallel can have different capacities or be designed for suction of particles of different sizes or weights. When executing according to 1 three suction devices 14 are provided.
  • the suction device 14b generates a negative pressure in the suction lines 14c-f, through which dust and other light particles are sucked in the direction of the suction device 14b and are separated there by means of a bag filter.
  • a suction line 14c connects the material feed 4 with the suction device 14b
  • a suction line 14d connects the first sorting 6 with the suction device 14b
  • a suction line 14e connects the material shredding 8 with the suction device 14b
  • a suction line 14f connects each stage of the second-stage second sorting 10 with the suction device 14b.
  • the material fed to the exhaust 14 through the exhaust lines 14c-f is collected in a waste container 14i.
  • the fifth container 12a can consist of a conventional 20-foot sea container, but it can also be constructed from a support structure 3 clad at least in sections with floor, walls and ceiling. In order to ensure easy access to the controller 12, the fifth container 12a has a door in a side wall.
  • the device according to the invention is monitored by sensors, not shown here, which, for. B. record the material flow or stoppages in the material flow, or z. B.
  • the controller 12 can also control individual units if this is desired.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out by supplying a device 2 for producing wood chips with uncomminuted material made of wood, either unprocessed wood or wood that has already been processed and is to be recycled, so-called recycled wood.
  • the uncomminuted material is preferably already pre-crushed, e.g. B. in pieces with a maximum length of 500 mm, in particular of a maximum of 300 mm.
  • This material which has not yet been comminuted within the meaning of the invention, is fed to the material feed 4 . There, the material is removed as far as possible from particles that are too heavy or too light or other foreign matter, in particular metal parts such as nails or staples and plastics, e.g. B. the wood adhering plastic films freed.
  • the material to be shredded is then fed to the first sorting 6, which separates out material that is too small and material that is too large as a one-stage or multi-stage sorting.
  • the material that is too large is preferably pre-crushed again and then fed back to the material feed 4 . If necessary, the material that is too small can be reused directly without further shredding of the material.
  • the uncomminuted material of the right size sorted in the first sorting 6 is then fed to the material comminution 8 after it has optionally passed through another material separator. There, the uncrushed material is chopped into the desired wood chips in one or more stages.
  • the material shredding 8 is followed by the second sorting 10, which sorts the shredded material in one or more stages.
  • too fine or too large material is sorted out and, if necessary, the material passes through a material separator again.
  • the material that is too large is preferably fed back to the material crusher 8 .
  • the shredded material in the desired or specified size is fed for further processing.
  • the method according to the invention provides that the steps of supplying material, sorting the uncomminuted material, crushing material and sorting the comminuted material are monitored, controlled and, if necessary, regulated by a controller 12 .
  • At least one suction device 14 can be provided, which collects dust and other small and light particles via suction lines 14c-f.
  • at least one material separator 16 can be provided, e.g. B. for separating heavy, magnetic or light particles or of other foreign substances, e.g. B. metal or plastic.
  • the method according to the invention can provide at least one buffer 18, which can be associated with one of the units 4, 6, 8 or 10 described above, and which enables the material to be comminuted or the comminuted material to be stored.
  • the method according to the invention for producing wood chips can, for example, provide up to 10 t per hour of wood chips. This amount can be economically interesting to z. B. to operate a technical or test facility or to provide a partial flow of shredded material for the production of wood-based materials or insulating materials, for example a partial flow of wood chips from recycled wood for joint processing into fiberboard or chipboard together with chips from unprocessed wood.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with a device belonging to a production facility. However, the device for carrying out the method can also be set up independently of a production device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
EP20202644.9A 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Installation modulaire de recyclage Active EP3984646B8 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES20202644T ES2954903T3 (es) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Instalación de reciclaje modular
PL20202644.9T PL3984646T3 (pl) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Modułowa instalacja do recyklingu
EP20202644.9A EP3984646B8 (fr) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Installation modulaire de recyclage
PCT/EP2021/077467 WO2022084031A1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 Procédé et dispositif pour produire des copeaux de bois
CN202180071437.2A CN116390816A (zh) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 用于制备木屑的方法和设备
US18/032,646 US20240017440A1 (en) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 Method and device for producing wood shavings
EP21790112.3A EP4204161A1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 Procédé et dispositif pour produire des copeaux de bois

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20202644.9A EP3984646B8 (fr) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Installation modulaire de recyclage

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3984646A1 true EP3984646A1 (fr) 2022-04-20
EP3984646C0 EP3984646C0 (fr) 2023-06-07
EP3984646B1 EP3984646B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
EP3984646B8 EP3984646B8 (fr) 2023-07-12

Family

ID=73043011

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20202644.9A Active EP3984646B8 (fr) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Installation modulaire de recyclage
EP21790112.3A Pending EP4204161A1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 Procédé et dispositif pour produire des copeaux de bois

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21790112.3A Pending EP4204161A1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2021-10-05 Procédé et dispositif pour produire des copeaux de bois

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20240017440A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP3984646B8 (fr)
CN (1) CN116390816A (fr)
ES (1) ES2954903T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3984646T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022084031A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2312599A1 (fr) * 1975-05-28 1976-12-24 Leger Paul Dispositif de transformation et de separation des produits ligneux ou fibreux et de leurs derives
US4383651A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-05-17 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Portable crushing and screening plant
EP0443315A1 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Werner Doppstadt Installation de préparation des déchets
KR20020071507A (ko) * 2002-08-16 2002-09-12 주식회사 대성엔지니어링 나무 뿌리를 이용한 톱밥 칩의 제조장치

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2312599A1 (fr) * 1975-05-28 1976-12-24 Leger Paul Dispositif de transformation et de separation des produits ligneux ou fibreux et de leurs derives
US4383651A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-05-17 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Portable crushing and screening plant
EP0443315A1 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Werner Doppstadt Installation de préparation des déchets
KR20020071507A (ko) * 2002-08-16 2002-09-12 주식회사 대성엔지니어링 나무 뿌리를 이용한 톱밥 칩의 제조장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3984646B8 (fr) 2023-07-12
WO2022084031A1 (fr) 2022-04-28
EP3984646C0 (fr) 2023-06-07
US20240017440A1 (en) 2024-01-18
CN116390816A (zh) 2023-07-04
ES2954903T3 (es) 2023-11-27
PL3984646T3 (pl) 2023-10-30
EP4204161A1 (fr) 2023-07-05
EP3984646B1 (fr) 2023-06-07

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