EP3983613B1 - Struktur mit einer anordnung von blöcken - Google Patents

Struktur mit einer anordnung von blöcken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3983613B1
EP3983613B1 EP20732892.3A EP20732892A EP3983613B1 EP 3983613 B1 EP3983613 B1 EP 3983613B1 EP 20732892 A EP20732892 A EP 20732892A EP 3983613 B1 EP3983613 B1 EP 3983613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
blocks
connecting element
vertical direction
cavity
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Application number
EP20732892.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3983613A1 (de
Inventor
Julien Lorentz
Jean-Philippe Jarrin
Lucas Meignan
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Geolithe Innov
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Geolithe Innov
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Publication of EP3983613A1 publication Critical patent/EP3983613A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structure, in particular a structure for protection against impacts or support.
  • Structures are frequently used to stabilize land and protect people and property against possible damage linked to ground movements or falling materials.
  • some are attached to a slope such as a retaining wall or a net making it possible to stop falling masses such as rocks detached from a wall and offering good dissipation of kinetic energy.
  • These structures are fixed either by guy wires or by bolts fixed in the slope.
  • Other structures are made up of a stack of blocks, materials or gabions and their mass allows them to retain the ground or stop the movement of sliding blocks.
  • An aim of the invention is therefore to propose a structure which requires a small footprint, while being simple and quick to set up or dismantle and allowing good dissipation of kinetic energy.
  • a structure in particular for protection against impacts or support, the structure comprising a set of blocks and at least one connecting element, the blocks being distributed in several levels superimposed in a vertical direction, each block having an upper face and a lower face, each block having at least two axes parallel to the vertical direction, each block comprising, for each axis, a protuberance, a conduit and a cavity, each protuberance being provided on the upper face, each cavity being formed on the lower face, each cavity having a bottom delimiting the cavity in the vertical direction, each conduit extending along the corresponding axis and being delimited by the block, each conduit crossing the block in the vertical direction and opening into the first corresponding cavity, each cavity of a block belonging to a level of blocks different from the lowest level accommodating a protuberance of a block of a level of blocks immediately lower than the block considered, the axis of the cavity being coincident with the axis of the protuberance accommodated in the cavity, each protuberance and the cavity in which said protuberance
  • the blocks are joined together in a simple and rapid manner to form a structure having great resistance and requiring little footprint.
  • the possibility of rotation between the blocks 15 in a horizontal plane makes it possible to easily adapt the shape of the structure to the topography.
  • a first example of work 10 is shown on the figure 1 .
  • Structure 10 is, for example, a retaining structure.
  • the structure 10 is supported against a wall or a slope of land or a cliff that the structure 10 is capable of supporting.
  • the structure 10 is a protection structure against impacts, in particular caused by falling materials.
  • the structure 10 is installed at the foot of a slope and is configured to stop materials falling, sliding, or sliding down the slope, such as blocks of rock.
  • the structure 10 is a retaining and protection structure against falling materials.
  • the structure 10 comprises a plurality of blocks 15, at least one connecting element 20, 25A, 25B and a set of optional anchoring elements 30. According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the structure 10 comprises a set of connecting elements 20, 25A, 25B, and a set of complementary elements 25C.
  • a first direction X, a second direction Y and a vertical direction Z are defined for the structure 10.
  • the first direction in the vertical direction Z.
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y define a horizontal plane.
  • the blocks 15 are distributed into several superimposed levels in the vertical direction Z.
  • the plurality of levels comprises a first level N1 and at least a second level N2.
  • a first level N1 and at least a second level N2.
  • four levels N1, N2, N3, N4 are represented.
  • the work 10 is likely to have a variable number of levels, depending on needs.
  • the first level N1 is the lowest level.
  • the first level N1 is the lowest level of the structure 10 and is supported on the ground 17.
  • the second level N2 is immediately higher than the first level N1. It is understood by “immediately higher” that at least one element of the second level N2 is supported by at least one element of the first level N1.
  • the first level N1 is then called “level immediately below” the second level N2.
  • a third level N3 is immediately higher than the second level N2.
  • a fourth level N4 is immediately higher than the third level N3.
  • the first level N1 has four blocks 15, the second level N2 has three blocks 15, the third level N3 has two blocks 15 and the fourth level N4 has a single block 15.
  • the number of blocks 15 of each level N1, N2, N3, N4 may vary.
  • the structure 10 is formed by blocks 15 arranged vertically in a staggered pattern. It is understood in particular by “staggered” that an offset, measured in the second direction Y, between the blocks of two successive levels N1, N2, N3, N4 is strictly greater than zero.
  • each block 15 belonging to a level N2, N3, N4 different from the first level N1 is supported by two blocks 15 from the immediately lower level N1, N2, N3.
  • each block 15 of a level N1, N2, N3 different from the highest level N4 supports up to two blocks 15 of the immediately higher level N2, N3, N4.
  • the structure 10 extends, for example, in the second direction Y.
  • the second direction Y is then sometimes called “extension direction”.
  • extension direction is also envisaged.
  • each level N1, N2, N3, N4 are, for example, aligned with each other in the second direction Y.
  • the structure 10 is a wall having a single thickness of blocks in the third direction X.
  • the structure 10 is a wall having two thicknesses of blocks in the first direction X, or more.
  • the structure 10 can also be considered as the union of walls juxtaposed in the first direction X.
  • block 15 is shown on the figure 2 in section in a vertical plane formed by the Z and Y directions.
  • Each block 15 extends horizontally in a main direction of the block 15.
  • the main directions of the blocks 15 are, for example, combined.
  • Each main direction is, for example, the second Y direction.
  • an angle between the main directions of two blocks 15 of the same level N1, N2, N3, N4 is different from zero, for example greater than or equal to 15 degrees, in particular greater than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • At least one block 15 has a main direction forming a non-zero angle with the second direction Y, along which the structure 10 extends.
  • the angle is for example greater than or equal to 15 degrees, in particular greater than or equal to 30 degrees.
  • Each block 15 has an upper face 35, a lower face 40 and at least one first side face 45. Each block 15 is delimited in the vertical direction Z by its upper face 35 and by its lower face 40.
  • each block 15 comprises at least one reinforcing element 42, in particular two reinforcing elements 42.
  • Each block 15 delimits at least two conduits 50, an anchoring hole 55 and two passages 57. It should be noted that the anchoring hole 55 and the passages 57 are optional.
  • Each block 15 has a first length L1, measured in the second direction Y, between 0.38 meters (m) and 6.2 m.
  • Each block 15 has a first width i1, measured in the first direction X, between 0.18 m and 3 m.
  • Each block 15 has a first height H1, measured in the vertical direction Z between the upper face 35 and the lower face 40, between 0.2 m and 3.2 m.
  • Each block 15 is made of concrete.
  • concrete is lightweight concrete, that is to say concrete containing inclusions of a material lighter than concrete. Inclusions are, for example, balls or aggregates of a material lighter than concrete.
  • Concrete is, for example, reinforced concrete.
  • the block 15 is made of a mixture of concrete and a polymer such as polystyrene.
  • the block 15 comprises a metal box (also called by the English name "container" in certain cases) filled with a filling material.
  • a filler material is a material used to increase the mass of the block 15 relative to the mass of the empty box.
  • the filling material is, for example, a polymer material.
  • the polymer material is a polymer foam such as polyurethane foam.
  • the box then includes a filling member and a vent allowing the injection of the filling material into the box.
  • the filler material is water.
  • the box also includes a draining device capable of allowing the water to escape from the box.
  • the filler material is sand.
  • certain blocks 15 include a box containing no filling material.
  • non-metallic materials are also likely to be used for the box, for example a plastic material.
  • the box is perforated, for example made up at least partially of a mesh, in particular a metal mesh.
  • the box is a gabion.
  • Each upper face 35 is substantially flat. In particular, each upper face 35 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • At least two protuberances 60 are provided on each upper face 35.
  • protuberance is meant a portion of the block 15 or an attached element extending from the upper face 35 and configured to be engaged in a cavity 75 of another block 15.
  • each protuberance forms a single projection 60 extending in the vertical direction Z from the upper face 35 towards the outside of the block 15.
  • Each protuberance 60 has, for example, rotational symmetry around an axis A, in particular an axis A parallel to the vertical direction Z.
  • each protuberance 60 is in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • Each protrusion 60 has an end face 65 and at least one second side face 70.
  • the end face 65 delimits the protuberance 60 in the vertical direction Z.
  • Each end face 65 is, for example, perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • Each second side face 70 extends between the upper face 35 and the end face 65.
  • the second side face 70, or the second side faces 70 jointly, delimit the protuberance 60 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • the end face 65 is a disc.
  • the protuberance 60 has a single second lateral face 70, which surrounds the projection in a plane intersecting the vertical direction Z.
  • the second lateral face 70 is in the shape of a truncated cone portion.
  • the end face 65 has, for example, an exterior radius of between 4.5 centimeters (cm) and 72 cm, for example equal, to the nearest 10%, to 18 cm.
  • the base of the truncated cone that is to say the face of the truncated cone opposite the end face 65, has for example a radius of between 5 cm and 84 cm, in particular equal, to within 10%, to 21 cm.
  • Each axis A is, for example, distant from the other axis A by a distance of between 20 cm and 3.2 meters, for example equal to 80 cm.
  • the A axes are, for example, aligned with each other in the Y direction. In other words, the A axes define a plane parallel to the Y direction.
  • the axes A are spaced apart from each other, in the direction Y, by a distance greater than or equal to half the first length L1 of the block 15 considered.
  • Each axis A is, for example, equidistant from the first lateral faces 45 which delimit the block 15 in the direction X.
  • each protuberance 60 is a cylinder extending along the axis A.
  • each protuberance 60 has the shape of a portion of a sphere, in particular a half-sphere.
  • each protuberance 60 has a polyhedral shape, for example in the shape of a truncated pyramid extending along the axis A.
  • the pyramid is for example a regular pyramid, the second lateral faces 70 then being identical to each other. others. It should be noted that other polyhedral or non-polyhedral shapes are also possible for the protuberances 60.
  • protuberances 60 comprising a plurality of projections extending in the vertical direction Z from the upper face 35 are also possible, as will be described below.
  • Each protuberance 60 has a height, measured in the vertical direction Z between the upper face 35 and the end face, less than or equal to 1/3 of the first height H1 of a block 15, in particular between 1 cm and a third of the first height H1, for example equal to 5 cm, to the nearest 10%.
  • Each lower face 40 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • each block 15 of a level of blocks (N2, N3, N4) different from the lowest level (N1) rests against the upper face 35 of a block (15) of the level (N1, N2, N3) immediately lower.
  • Two cavities 75 are provided in each lower face 40.
  • Each cavity 75 corresponds to a protuberance 60 of the block 15 considered.
  • each cavity 75 is aligned in the vertical direction with the block 15 considered.
  • Each cavity 75 extends towards the inside of the block 15 from the lower face 40. In particular, each cavity 75 extends towards the inside of the block 15 along the axis A of the corresponding protuberance 60.
  • Each cavity 75 is adapted to accommodate a protuberance 60 of a block 15 supporting the block 15 in which the cavity 75 is formed.
  • each cavity 75 is configured, with the protuberance 60, to allow relative rotation between the blocks 15 considered around the axis A of the protuberance 60 and the cavity 75.
  • Each cavity 75 has, for example, rotational symmetry around the axis A of the corresponding protuberance 60.
  • each cavity 75 is in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • Each cavity 75 has a bottom 80 and at least one third side face 85.
  • the bottom 80 is perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • Each third side face 85 extends between the lower face 40 and the bottom 80.
  • the third side face 85, or the third side faces 85 jointly, delimit the cavity 75 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • the bottom 80 has, for example, a radius of between 5 centimeters (cm) and 76 cm, for example equal, to within 10%, to 19 cm.
  • the base of the truncated cone that is to say the face of the truncated cone opposite the bottom 80, has for example a radius of between 5.5 cm and 88 cm, in particular equal, to within 10%, to 22 cm. This base forms a circular opening opening onto the lower face 40.
  • each cavity 75 is likely to vary.
  • the cavity 75 has a depth, measured in the vertical direction Z, strictly greater than the height of the corresponding protuberance 60.
  • the depth is, for example, between 1.5 cm and 24 cm, in particular equal to 6 cm.
  • the first lateral face(s) 45 delimit the block 15 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • Each first side face 45 is, for example, perpendicular either to the first direction X or to the second direction Y.
  • the block 15 is substantially parallelepiped.
  • the first lateral faces 45 each have two chamfers 90 and a central part 95 perpendicular to one of the first direction X and the second direction Y.
  • the central part 95 is perpendicular to the first direction delimit the central part in the second direction Y and have a slight angle with the first direction angle with the first direction
  • the block 15 comprises a central parallelepiped portion, for example delimited by the central parts 90, and two semi-cylindrical end portions 97.
  • the end portions 97 frame the central portion, and can each be centered on a corresponding axis A.
  • variants in which the end portions 97 are not each centered on an axis A of a protrusion 60 are also possible.
  • Each axis A is, for example, equidistant from the first lateral faces 45 which delimit the block 15 in the direction X.
  • Each conduit 50 extends along the axis A of a protuberance 60. This conduit is then called “coaxial” with this corresponding protuberance 60.
  • the conduit 50 passes through the block 15 in the vertical direction Z.
  • the conduit 50 opens onto the cavity 75 and onto the corresponding protuberance 60.
  • the conduit 50 opens onto the end face of the protuberance 60 and onto the bottom 80 of the corresponding cavity 75.
  • a variant in which the conduit 50 opens onto the upper face 35 is also possible and is described below.
  • Each conduit 50 is, for example, cylindrical with a circular base around the axis A.
  • parallelepiped or polyhedral conduits 50 may also be considered.
  • Each conduit 50 has a diameter strictly less than the diameter of the corresponding end face 65, for example between 3 cm and 60 cm, in particular equal to 15 cm.
  • the end of the conduit 50 which opens onto the end face 65 has a chamfer.
  • the diameter of the portion of the conduit 50 which presents the chamfer increases from the diameter of the rest of the conduit 50 to a value strictly greater than this diameter.
  • a difference between these two values is, for example, between 1 cm and 28 cm, in particular equal to 7 cm.
  • a difference between the external diameter of the end face 65, equal to twice the radius of the end face 65, and the maximum diameter of the chamfer between the conduit 50 and the end face 65 is equal to 14 cm.
  • Each anchor hole 55 passes through the block 15 from one of the side faces 45 to another side face 45, the two side faces 45 considered delimiting the block 15 in the first direction X.
  • the anchor hole 55 s 'extends in a direction included in a plane also including the directions X and Z. In this plane, an angle between the direction in which the anchoring hole 55 extends and the first direction X is between 0° and 70° .
  • Each anchoring hole 55 is, for example, cylindrical with a circular base and has a diameter of between 4 cm and 64 cm, in particular equal, to within 10%, to 16 cm.
  • Each anchor hole 55 is configured to allow the passage of a drilling tool and/or an anchor bolt.
  • at least one block 15 is anchored to the ground by an anchor bolt received in an anchor hole 55.
  • the anchor hole 55 opens onto the two corresponding side faces 45 via two openings.
  • Each passage 57 extends from a corresponding cavity 75 to a side face 45, onto which the passage 57 opens. Each passage 57 extends for example in the first direction X.
  • Each passage 57 has, for example, a depth, measured in the vertical direction Z, equal to the depth of the corresponding cavity 75.
  • Each passage 57 has a width, measured in the second direction Y, for example between 6 and 100 cm, in particular equal to 25 cm, to the nearest 10%.
  • the blocks 15 are arranged so that each cavity 75 of a level of blocks N2, N3, N4 different from the lowest level N1 accommodates a protuberance 60 of a block 15 of the level N1, N2 or N3 immediately lower.
  • the cavities 75 of the same block 15 accommodate protuberances 60 corresponding to two distinct blocks 15.
  • the block 15 supports a single other block 15, when the blocks 15 are arranged in a staggered manner, a single protuberance 60 of the block 15 considered is accommodated in a cavity 75 of the block 15 of the immediately higher level.
  • the blocks 15 are aligned in the vertical direction Z, and are therefore not arranged staggered, the two protuberances 60 are received in cavities 75 of the block 15 of the immediately higher level.
  • the block 15 supports two other blocks 15, when the blocks 15 are arranged in a staggered manner, a single protuberance 60 of the block 15 considered is accommodated in a cavity 75 of each of the two blocks 15 of the immediately higher level, as visible on the Figure 3 .
  • the conduits 50 which open onto the bottom 80 of the cavity 75 and onto the end face 65 of the projection received in the cavity communicate with each other.
  • the axes A of the cavity 75 considered and of the protuberance 60 accommodated in the cavity 75 are combined.
  • conduits 50 communicating with each other form a single channel allowing passage from the upper face 35 of the block 15 belonging to the highest level N2, N3, N4 to the lower face 40 of block 15 belonging to the lowest level N1.
  • highest level is meant the level N1, N2, N3, N4 of blocks to which the highest block 15 belongs among the blocks 15 delimiting the channel. This highest level is likely to vary from one channel to another, in particular if the number of blocks 15 varies from one level N1, N2, N3, N4 to another.
  • Each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is accommodated jointly in two conduits 50 communicating with each other, in particular in two conduits 50 sharing a common axis A.
  • each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is received in a conduit 50 coaxial with a protuberance 60 of a block 15 and in the conduit 50 opening onto the bottom 80 of the cavity 75 in which the protuberance 60 is received.
  • Each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is configured to block at least one degree of freedom between the blocks 15 in which the connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is accommodated.
  • each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is configured to prevent relative translation and/or rotation of the blocks 15 in which the connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is accommodated.
  • Each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is, in particular, configured to prevent translation along an axis perpendicular to the direction vertical Z and/or a relative rotation around an axis perpendicular to the vertical direction Z of these two blocks 15.
  • Each connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is made of a metallic material such as steel, in particular stainless steel or galvanized steel.
  • the set of connecting elements 20 comprises a set of first connecting elements 20 and a set of second connecting elements 25A, 25B. It should be noted that embodiments in which the set of connecting elements comprises only first connecting elements 20, or on the contrary only second connecting elements 25A, 25B are also possible.
  • Each first connecting element 20 is configured to prevent relative translation in the vertical direction Z between the blocks 15 in which the first connecting element 20 is accommodated.
  • the first connecting element 20 is configured to exert on the blocks 15 in which the first connecting element 20 is accommodated a force opposing such a translation.
  • the first connecting element 20 prevents a relative rotation of these blocks 15 around an axis perpendicular to the vertical direction Z since such a movement would necessarily result in a relative movement of these blocks 15 in the direction Z due to the fact that the blocks 15 considered are superimposed.
  • Such a rotation would in fact imply a pivoting of the blocks 15 around a point of contact located at the intersection of a lateral face 45 with a lower face 40 or upper face 35, and therefore a relative movement of these blocks 15 according to the direction Z.
  • Each first connecting element 20 is fixed jointly to at least two of the blocks 15 delimiting the conduits 50 in which the first connecting element 20 is received.
  • each first connecting element 20 is fixed to the lower face 40 of the block 15 of the lowest level N1, N2, N3 among the blocks 15 in which the first connecting element 20 is accommodated and to the face upper 35 of block 15 of level N2, N3, N4 the highest among these blocks.
  • Each first connecting element 20 comprises, for example, a flexible link such as a cable or even a chain.
  • a flexible link such as a cable or even a chain.
  • other types of first connecting elements 20 are also possible, for example a bar or a tube.
  • Each first connecting element 20 is, for example, fixed to the corresponding upper face 35, in particular to the end face 65 of the protuberance 60, by a bar or a plate passing through a cable loop and pressed against the upper face 35 or the terminal face 65 of the protuberance.
  • Each first connecting element 20 is, for example, fixed to the corresponding lower face 40, in particular to the bottom 80 of the cavity 75, by a bar or a plate passing through a cable loop and pressed against the bottom 80.
  • each first connecting element 20 is received jointly in each of the conduits 50 of a set of conduits 50 communicating with each other.
  • the first connecting element 20 is accommodated jointly in each of these conduits 50.
  • the first connecting element 20 is configured to prevent relative movement in the vertical direction Z of each of the blocks 15 delimiting the conduits 50 in which the first connecting element 20 is received relative to the other blocks 15 delimiting these conduits.
  • each first connecting element 20 is fixed jointly to the upper face of the block 15 of the highest level of blocks N2, N3, N4 among the blocks 15 delimiting the conduits 50 in which the first connecting element 20 is received and on the lower face 40 of the block 15 of the lowest level N1 among the blocks 15 delimiting the conduits 50 in which the first connecting element 20 is received.
  • Each second connecting element 25A, 25B is configured to come to bear against the walls of the conduits 50 in which the second connecting element 25A, 25B is accommodated to prevent relative rotation of the blocks 15 in which the second connecting element 25A, 25B is accommodated around an axis perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • the second connecting element 25A, 25B exerts a force on the walls of the conduits 50 in which the second connecting element 25A, 25B is accommodated, the force opposing said rotation. The force appears in particular when a force tending to generate such a rotation is exerted on the blocks 15 in which the second connecting element 25A, 25B is accommodated.
  • Each second connecting element 25A, 25B is, in addition, configured to prevent a movement of a block 15 relative to at least one other block 15 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • Each second connecting element 25A, 25B has a length, measured in the vertical direction Z.
  • At least one second connecting element 25A, 25B has a length greater than or equal to the first height H1. So that the connecting elements 25A, 25B cross at least 2 blocks vertically, it may be necessary to use a complementary element 25C allowing the correct positioning of the connecting elements 25A, 25B.
  • the set of second connecting elements 25A, 25B comprises, for example, a first set of second connecting elements 25A, a second set of second connecting elements 25B.
  • Each second connecting element 25A, 25B is, for example, a tube extending along an axis parallel to the vertical direction Z. According to one embodiment, each complementary element 25C is then a tube 25C.
  • the tube(s) 25A, 25B, 25C are replaced by bars. In other words, tubes 25A, 25B, 25C are full.
  • no connecting element 20 is, for example, present or the connecting element 20 is located next to the elements 25A, 25B, 25C.
  • Each second connecting element 25A of the first set has a length equal, for example, to the height H1 of a block 15, to within 10%.
  • Each second connecting element 25A has an exterior diameter strictly less than the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • the diameter of each second connecting element 25A is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • Each second connecting element 25A of the first set is received jointly in a conduit 50 of a block 15 and in a conduit 50 communicating with the conduit 50 considered, for example in a conduit 50 delimited by a block 15 of an immediately higher level or immediately lower than the block 15 delimiting the conduit 50 considered.
  • the second connecting element 25A prevents relative movement of these two blocks in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • each second connecting element 25A at least partially surrounds the first connecting element 20 received in the same conduits 50 as the second connecting element 25A considered.
  • the first connecting element 20 passes through the second connecting element 25A in the vertical direction Z.
  • Each second connecting element 25B of the second set has a length equal, for example, to three halves of the height H1 of a block 15, to the nearest 10%.
  • Each second connecting element 25B has an external diameter strictly less than the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • the diameter of each second connecting element 25B is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • Each second connecting element 25B of the second set is received jointly in a conduit 50 of a block 15 and in a conduit 50 communicating with the conduit 50 considered, for example in a conduit 50 delimited by a block 15 of one level immediately superior or immediately inferior to the block 15 delimiting the conduit 50 considered.
  • the second connecting element 25B prevents relative movement of these two blocks 15 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • each second connecting element 25B at least partially surrounds the first connecting element 20 accommodated in the same conduits 50 as the second connecting element 25B considered.
  • the first connecting element 20 passes through the second connecting element 25B in the vertical direction Z.
  • Each complementary element 25C has a length equal, for example, to one-half of the height H1 of a block 15, to the nearest 10%.
  • Each complementary element 25C has an external diameter strictly less than the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • the diameter of each complementary element 25C is greater than or equal to half the diameter of the conduits 50.
  • each complementary element 25C at least partially surrounds the first connecting element 20 accommodated in the same conduits 50 as the complementary element 25C considered.
  • the first connecting element 20 crosses the complementary element 25C in the vertical direction Z.
  • each channel formed by at least two conduits 50 accommodates at least one second connecting element 25B of the second set and one element 25C.
  • the complementary element 25C is arranged in a lower part of the conduit 50 of the lowest block 15 among the blocks 15 delimiting the channel considered, this element 25C being in particular in contact with the ground 17, for example supported by the ground 17. This element 25C then extends from the ground 17 to half the height of the block 15 of the lowest level among the blocks 15 delimiting the channel considered.
  • the structure 10 comprises a first set of second connecting elements 25A, a second set of second connecting elements 25B and a third set of elements 25C, each element 25C and each second connecting element 25A, 25B having a length measured in the vertical direction Z, each block 15 having a height H1 measured in the vertical direction Z, the length of each second connecting element 25A of the first set being equal, to within 10 percent, to the height H1, the length of each second connecting element 25B of the second set being equal, to within 10 percent, to three halves of the height H1, the length of each element 25C of the third set being equal, to within 10 percent, to half of the height H1.
  • the second connecting element 25B of the second set is arranged in the conduit 50 of the block 15 of the highest level among the blocks 15 delimiting the channel considered, as well as in the upper part of the conduit 50 delimited by the block 15 from the level immediately lower to the highest level.
  • the second connecting element 25B extends from half the height of the block from the level immediately below the highest level to the upper face 35 of the block 15 of the highest level. For example, if the channel is delimited by two superimposed blocks 15, the second connecting element 25B is supported by the element 25C.
  • one or more second connecting elements 25A of the first set are interposed between the second connecting element 25B and the element 25C, such that the second connecting element 25B extends in the upper half of the conduit 50 delimited by the block 15 from the level immediately lower to the highest level among the blocks 15 delimiting these conduits.
  • the second connecting element 25B of the second set is arranged in the conduit 50 of the block 15 of the lowest level among the blocks 15 delimiting the channel considered, as well as in the lower part of the conduit 50 delimited by block 15 from the level immediately above to the lowest level.
  • the connecting element 25A, 25B or the lowest complementary element 25C has openings passing through it in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction Z, at least one opening being for example a slot. This allows access to the first connecting element 20 through the connecting element 25A, 25B or the complementary element 25C to fix this first connecting element 20.
  • each anchoring element 30 is interposed between the lowest level N1 of blocks 15 and the ground 17.
  • Each anchoring element 30 is, for example, configured to be anchored in the ground 17 and to be fixed to the end of a first connecting element 20 in order to prevent relative movement in the direction Z of the blocks 15 in which the first element 20 is received with respect to each other and with respect to the ground 17.
  • At least one block 15, in particular a block 15 of the first level N1 comprises at least one fixing hole passing through the corresponding block 15 from the upper face 35 to the lower face 40.
  • Each fixing hole extends along the vertical direction Z.
  • Each fixing hole is distinct from or from each conduit 50 of the block 15.
  • Each fixing hole is for example cylindrical, in particular with a circular base.
  • Each fixing hole is configured for anchoring the block 15 to the ground, for example using an anchor bolt or an anchor cable passing through the anchor hole.
  • Each fixing hole is configured to allow the passage, through the anchoring hole, of a drilling tool from the upper face 35 to the lower face 40.
  • the drilling tool is, for example, a drill .
  • each block 15 of the first level N1 is fixed to the ground by an anchor bolt passing through the fixing hole.
  • the reinforcing elements 42 are visible on the figure 2 , but are not shown on the Figure 3 so as not to overload it.
  • Each reinforcing element 42 is configured to join two second connecting elements 25A, 25B each received in a respective conduit 50 of the block 15 considered.
  • each reinforcing element 42 is configured to join two second connecting elements 25A, 25B each received in the upper ends of the conduits 50 of the block 15 considered, or to join two second connecting elements 25A, 25B each received in the ends lower parts of the conduits 50 of the block 15 considered.
  • Each reinforcing element 42 is, in particular, configured to prevent translation in a horizontal plane between the two second connecting elements 25A, 25B joined together.
  • each reinforcing element 42 is a plate pierced with two holes, each hole being crossed by a conduit 50 of the block 15 considered.
  • each second connecting element 20, 25A, 25B is surrounded, in a horizontal plane, by each reinforcing element 42 of the block 15 considered.
  • each reinforcing element 42 jointly surrounds the two upper ends or the two lower ends of the two conduits 50 of the same block 15.
  • the reinforcing element 42 When the reinforcing element 42 is a plate, the reinforcing element 42 is horizontal.
  • reinforcing elements 42 for example special reinforcement based on shaped filaments or based on a cable sling.
  • Each reinforcing element 42 is made of a metallic material, in particular steel.
  • the anchoring elements 30 are first put in place.
  • Levels N1, N2, N3, N4 of blocks 15 are set up one after the other.
  • 25C elements are inserted in the blocks of level N1, 25C elements are inserted.
  • second connecting elements 25A or 25B are inserted, depending on whether the conduit 50 in which the second connecting element 25A or 25B is inserted is intended to be placed in communication with a conduit 50 of a level superior or not.
  • connecting elements 20 are put in place after all the blocks 15 and all the second connecting elements 25A, 25B and the elements 25C have been put in place.
  • the structure 10 is easy to manufacture and install, since the embedding of the protuberances 60 in the cavities 75 makes it possible to precisely position the conduits 50 relative to each other. In addition, this embedding limits the movements of the blocks 15 relative to each other in a horizontal plane.
  • the connecting elements 20, 25A, 25B then make it possible to effectively join these embedded blocks together in a simple manner to form a very resistant structure 10.
  • Flexible links such as cables or chains allow easy installation of the structure 10.
  • second connecting elements 25A, 25B accommodated in the conduits 50 again makes it possible to join the blocks 15 in the plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z, in a simple manner and in particular without complicating the installation of the connecting element.
  • the choice of the two types of second connecting elements 25A, 25B and elements 25C superimposed in the channels formed by at least three blocks 15 makes it possible in particular to ensure easy installation of these second connecting elements while ensuring that the forces in said plane are well distributed over the entire surface of the conduits 50.
  • the installation of the blocks 15 is facilitated since rotation of the blocks 15 relative to each other in a horizontal plane is tolerable during their installation.
  • the truncated cone shape also facilitates the installation of the blocks 15 since a disorientation of the blocks 15 in which the axes A would not coincide is then tolerable.
  • protuberances 60 have rotational symmetry, rotation is possible between the blocks 15 around a vertical axis, which makes it possible to easily adapt the shape of the structure 10 to a change of direction.
  • a staggered arrangement of the blocks 15 makes it possible to form a particularly resistant structure 10 very simply, since it is then not necessary to additionally join neighboring blocks 15 of the same level.
  • the passages 57 allow access to the cavities 75 after the installation of the blocks 15, and in particular the blocks 15 of the lowest level N1, and therefore to fix the first connecting elements 20 to these blocks 15 or to the elements of anchor 30 after the blocks 15 are put in place. The manufacture of the work 10 is then facilitated.
  • the structure 10 is a wall having two or more thicknesses of blocks in the first direction another by a metal element accommodated jointly in a passage 57 of each of these two blocks 15. This has the effect in particular of easily fixing the two thicknesses of blocks 15 to one another.
  • structure 10 has been described in the role of retaining structure or protection against falling materials. However, it should be noted that work 10 is also suitable for other roles.
  • structure 10 is a surrounding wall of a property.
  • each reinforcing element 42 is interposed between two levels N1, N2, N3, N4 of superimposed blocks 15.
  • each reinforcing element 42 is jointly secured to two second connecting elements 25A, 25B belonging to two neighboring blocks 15 of the same level N1, N2, N3, N4.
  • Such reinforcing elements are particularly suitable for joining neighboring columns of a structure 10 which would not form a staggered arrangement of the blocks 15.
  • the blocks 15 are aligned in the vertical direction Z to form a set of columns.
  • the blocks 15 of the same column are aligned with each other in the vertical direction Z.
  • each block 15 of a column is located at the level of a block 15 of each other column adjacent, or, alternatively the columns are not aligned with each other, each block 15 of a column being offset horizontally relative to each adjacent block 15 of an adjacent column.
  • the columns are interconnected by reinforcing elements 42.
  • the geometry of the reinforcing elements is adapted according to the case.
  • the dimensions or shapes of the blocks 15 are likely to vary.
  • the structure comprises two types of blocks 15, one of the two types of which has a first length L1 equal to half the length L1 of the blocks 15 of the other type.
  • the smallest blocks 15 each comprise a single conduit 50.
  • the vertical direction Z is the vertical of the place where the structure 10 is placed. It should be noted that the vertical direction Z is likely to differ from the vertical of the location. In all cases, the term “horizontal” is taken to mean a direction or a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction Z.
  • a structure 10 comprises a first wall and a second wall, the blocks 15 of each level N1, N2, N3, N4 of the first wall being aligned in the second direction Y, the blocks 15 of each level N1, N2, N3, N4 of the second wall being aligned in the third direction X, at least one block 15 of the first wall being secured to a block 15 of the second wall.
  • this solidarity can be ensured by a block 15 one and a half times longer than the other blocks 15 and having a third conduit 50.
  • a structure is formed by the union of at least two walls parallel to each other, each wall being perpendicular to the third direction X and having a thickness of a single block 15 according to the third direction X, at least one block 15 of one wall being secured to a block 15 of the other wall.
  • first connecting elements 20 are not common to all the blocks 15 delimiting the same channel but only to two superimposed blocks are also possible. A first connecting element 20 is then provided for each pair of superposed blocks 15.
  • each block 15 has a parallelepiped central portion and two semi-cylindrical end portions 97 is shown.
  • other shapes of blocks 15 are possible.
  • the protuberance 60 is formed by a plurality of projections 100 separated from each other.
  • Each projection 100 extends in the vertical direction Z from the upper face 35.
  • the conduit 50 opens onto the bottom 80 of the corresponding cavity 75 and onto the upper face 35.
  • the projections 100 are configured so that the protuberance 60 allows, with the cavity 75 in which the protuberance 60 is accommodated, a rotation between the two corresponding blocks 15 around the axis A common to the protrusion 60 and the cavity 75.
  • the projections 100 are, in particular, arranged along a circle centered on the axis A of the protuberance 60.
  • the circle has in particular a diameter strictly greater than the diameter of the conduit 50.
  • the projections 100 surround, in a perpendicular plane at axis A, the end of the conduit 50 which opens onto the upper face 35.
  • the two projections 100 are equidistant from the axis A, for example diametrically opposed to each other in the direction Y.
  • projections 100 are likely to vary. For example, embodiments in which the protuberance has three or more projections 100 are envisaged.
  • the projections 100 are arranged at the vertices of a regular polygon centered on the axis A, the polygon comprising for example but not exclusively as many vertices as there are projections 100 in the protuberance.
  • the protuberance 60 has four projections 100 arranged at the four vertices of a square. The sides of the square are, in particular, each parallel or perpendicular to the Y direction.
  • the projections 100 are three in number, arranged at the vertices of an equilateral triangle centered on axis A, or even 6 in number and arranged at the vertices of a hexagon centered on axis A.
  • each projection 100 is parallelepiped.
  • each projection 100 has an external face configured to come to bear against the third face 85 of the cavity 75 in which the projection 100 is engaged, each external face being a portion of a surface having circular symmetry around the axis A, this surface being common to all the projections 100 of the protuberance 60 considered.
  • this surface is a truncated cone centered on axis A, and each external face is then a portion of a truncated cone. According to other possible embodiments, this surface is a portion of a sphere, or even cylindrical.
  • Said truncated cone is, in particular, identical to the truncated cone mentioned previously in the first example of work 10.
  • Each projection 100 is, for example, removable relative to the block 15.
  • each projection 100 is formed by a lug 100 configured to be inserted into a recess of the upper face 35.
  • a single recess in the form of a groove 105 is provided in the upper face 35, and each lug 100 is partially received in the groove 105.
  • the groove 105 is, for example, an annular groove delimited by two concentric cylindrical surfaces in a plane perpendicular to the axis A.
  • the groove 105 is, in particular, centered on the axis A.
  • other forms of groove 105 are possible, for example a polygonal groove 105.
  • the groove 105 has an internal diameter of between 7.5 cm and 120 cm, for example 30 cm.
  • the groove 105 has an external diameter of between 9.5 cm and 152 cm, for example 38 cm.
  • the groove 105 has a depth, measured in the Z direction, of between 1.25 cm and 20 cm, for example 5 cm.
  • a plurality of recesses are provided in the upper face 35, the recesses being arranged at the vertices of a regular polygon.
  • the recesses being arranged at the vertices of a regular polygon.
  • each lug 100 is then received in the corresponding recess or in the groove 105, and a second portion of the lug 100 extends from the upper face 35 in the vertical direction Z to form the projection 100.
  • Each recess is configured to hold the corresponding lug 100 in position relative to the upper face.
  • the recess is complementary to the corresponding portion of the lug 100.
  • Each pin 100 is, for example, made of a metallic material.
  • each lug 100 is made of steel, in particular stainless steel.
  • Each lug 100 is, for example in the shape of wedges, in particular made of wood. This allows greater flexibility for assembling the blocks during assembly.
  • the first portion has a height, measured in the vertical direction Z, of between 3 cm and 10 cm, for example equal to 5 cm.
  • the first portion is, for example, triangular.
  • each lug 100 has, for example, a height measured in the vertical direction Z greater than or equal to 1 cm, for example greater than or equal to 5 cm.
  • Each lug 100 is, for example, solid. Alternatively, the lug 100 is hollow.
  • each groove 105 is connected by a trench 110 formed in the upper face 35 to a first side face 45.
  • the trench 100 has a depth greater than or equal to the depth of the corresponding groove 105, and is in particular sloping from the groove 105 to the corresponding side face 45 so as to allow the evacuation of rainwater which could enter the groove 105.
  • the structure 10 allows the forks of a lifting machine to pass between the projections 100, and therefore facilitates the installation of the blocks 15.
  • such projections can be destroyed, deformed or severed in the event of impact against the structure 10, without the structure of the block 15 being damaged.
  • the rotation between the blocks 15 of different levels N1 to N4 is particularly easy if the external faces of the projections 100 are in the shape of a truncated cone portion.
  • Projections 100 formed by removable lugs allow easy replacement in the event of damage during an impact.
  • the blocks 15 can be reused even when the projections have been damaged, for example during a fall of stones against the structure 10.
  • the annular groove 105 makes it possible to place the lugs 100 freely, and in particular to provide a passage between the projections 100 so as to allow the passage of a fork of a lifting machine, this passage being oriented freely.
  • the installation of the structure 10 is made easier, particularly when the structure 10 is curved or arranged in a location in which the lifting equipment cannot be positioned freely, since the orientation of the lifting equipment relative to the work can then vary.
  • annular groove also makes it possible to position the lugs 100 so that they are not arranged at the vertices of a regular polygon.
  • the groove 105 allows great freedom of positioning the lugs 100.
  • Semi-cylindrical end portions 97 make it possible in particular to facilitate the rotation of the blocks 15, and to allow their free orientation relative to each other in the horizontal plane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Struktur (10), insbesondere zum Schutz vor Einwirkungen oder zum Abstützen, die Struktur (10) umfassend eine Anordnung von Blöcken (15) und mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20, 25A, 25B), wobei die Blöcke (15) in mehreren Ebenen (N1, N2, N3, N4) verteilt sind, die in einer vertikalen Richtung (Z) übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Block (15) eine Oberseite (35) und eine Unterseite (40) aufweist,
    jeder Block (15) mindestens zwei Achsen (A) parallel zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) aufweist, jeder Block (15) umfassend für jede Achse (A) einen Vorsprung (60), einen Kanal (50) und einen Hohlraum (75), wobei jeder Vorsprung (60) auf der Oberseite (35) ausgebildet ist, wobei jeder Hohlraum (75) an der Unterseite (40) ausgebildet ist, jeder Hohlraum (75) einen Boden (80) aufweist, der den Hohlraum (75) in der vertikalen Richtung (Z) begrenzt, wobei sich jeder Kanal (50) entlang der entsprechenden Achse (A) erstreckt und von dem Block (15) begrenzt wird, jeder Kanal (50) in der vertikalen Richtung (Z) durch den Block 15 verläuft und in den entsprechenden ersten Hohlraum (75) mündet, jeder Hohlraum (75) eines Blocks (15), der zu einer Ebene von Blöcken (N2, N3, N4) gehört, die sich von der untersten Ebene (N1) unterscheidet, einen Vorsprung (60) eines Blocks (15) einer Ebene (N1, N2, N3, N4) von Blöcken (15) aufnimmt, die unmittelbar unter dem betrachteten Block (15) ist, wobei die Achse (A) des Hohlraums (75) mit der Achse (A) des Vorsprungs (60) zusammenfällt, der in dem Hohlraum (75) aufgenommen ist,
    wobei die Struktur derart ist, dass jeder Vorsprung (60) und der Hohlraum (75), in dem der Vorsprung (60) aufgenommen ist, konfiguriert sind, um eine relative Drehung um die Achse (A) des Vorsprungs (60) zwischen dem Block (15) mit dem Vorsprung (60) und dem Block (15) mit dem Hohlraum (75) zu ermöglichen, mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20, 25A, 25B) gemeinsam in den zwei Kanälen (50) aufgenommen wird, das Verbindungselement (20, 25A, 25B) konfiguriert ist, um mindestens einen Freiheitsgrad zwischen den Blöcken (15), in denen das Verbindungselement (20, 25A, 25B) aufgenommen ist, zu blockieren, wobei die Struktur dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der Vorsprung (60) eine Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen (100) aufweist, die entlang eines Kreises angeordnet sind, der auf der Achse (A) des Vorsprungs (60) zentriert ist, wobei sich jeder Vorsprung (100) von der oberen Fläche (35) in der vertikalen Richtung (Z) erstreckt.
  2. Struktur nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Vorsprung (60) ein kegelstumpfförmiger Vorsprung (60) ist, der auf der Achse (A) zentriert ist.
  3. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei jeder Vorsprung eine Außenfläche aufweist, die konfiguriert ist, um an einer Seitenfläche (85) des Hohlraums (75), in dem der Vorsprung (60) aufgenommen wird, anzuliegen, wobei die Außenfläche die Form eines Abschnitts eines Kegelstumpfs aufweist, der auf die Achse (A) zentriert ist.
  4. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei jeder Vorsprung (100) durch einen Abschnitt eines Zapfens (100) gebildet wird, der in Bezug auf den entsprechenden Block (15) abnehmbar ist.
  5. Struktur nach Anspruch 4, wobei jeder Block (15) für jede Achse (A) einen ringförmigen Einschnitt (105) aufweist, der in der Oberseite (35) ausgebildet ist, wobei ein Abschnitt von jedem Zapfen (100) in dem Einschnitt (105) aufgenommen ist.
  6. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei jeder Hohlraum (75) eine zweite Seitenfläche (85) aufweist, die den Hohlraum (75) in einer Ebene senkrecht zu de vertikalen Richtung (Z) begrenzt, wobei die zweite Seitenfläche (85) ein Abschnitt eines Kegelstumpfs ist, der sich entlang der Achse (A) des Hohlraums (75) erstreckt.
  7. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20) gemeinsam an zwei der Blöcke (15) befestigt ist, die die Kanäle (50) begrenzen, in denen das Verbindungselement (20) aufgenommen ist.
  8. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20) konfiguriert ist, um eine relative Verschiebung entlang der vertikalen Richtung (Z) der Blöcke (15), die die Kanäle (50) begrenzen, in denen das Verbindungselement (20) aufgenommen ist, zu verhindern.
  9. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20) eine flexible Verbindung, wie beispielsweise ein Kabel oder eine Kette umfasst.
  10. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20) eine starre Verbindung, wie beispielsweise eine Stange oder ein Rohr umfasst.
  11. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (20) in Kanälen (50) aufgenommen ist, die von einer Vielzahl von Blöcken (15) begrenzt werden, die in der vertikalen Richtung (Z) übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei das Verbindungselement (20) an der unteren Fläche (40) des Blocks (15), die zu der untersten Ebene (N1) gehört, und an der oberen Fläche des Blocks (15), die zu der höchsten Ebene (N2, N3, N4) gehört, befestigt ist.
  12. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei mindestens ein Verbindungselement (25A, 25B), wie beispielsweise eine Stange oder ein Rohr, konfiguriert ist, um an den Wänden der Kanäle (50) anzuliegen, in denen das Verbindungselement (25A, 25B) aufgenommen ist, um auf diese Wände eine Kraft auszuüben, die sich entgegensetzt zu einer Verschiebung zwischen den Blöcken entlang einer Achse senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) oder einer relativen Drehung der Blöcke (15), in denen das Verbindungselement (25A, 25B) aufgenommen ist, um eine Achse senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) entgegenzuwirken.
  13. Struktur nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei jeder Block (15) eine in der vertikalen Richtung (Z) gemessene Höhe aufweist, mindestens ein Verbindungselement (25A, 25B), das konfiguriert ist, um an den Wänden der Kanäle (50) anzuliegen, in denen das Verbindungselement (25A, 25B) aufgenommen ist, um auf diese Wände eine Kraft auszuüben, die einer Translation zwischen den Blöcken entlang einer Achse senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) und/oder einer relativen Drehung der Blöcke (15), in denen das Verbindungselement (25A, 25B) um eine Achse senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) aufgenommen ist, entgegenzuwirken, eine Länge aufweist, die entlang der vertikalen Richtung (Z) gemessen wird, wobei die Länge größer als oder gleich wie die Höhe eines Blocks (15) ist.
  14. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei jeder Kanal (50) eine Rotationssymmetrie um die entsprechende Achse (A) aufweist.
  15. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Blöcke (15) vertikal versetzt angeordnet sind.
  16. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei sich jeder Block (15) entlang einer Hauptrichtung (Y) in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) erstreckt, die Achsen (A) des jeweiligen Blocks (15) eine Ebene parallel zu der Hauptrichtung (Y) definieren, wobei ein entlang der Hauptrichtung (Y) gemessener Abstand zwischen den Achsen (A) insbesondere größer als oder gleich wie die Hälfte einer entlang der Hauptrichtung (Y) gemessenen Länge des jeweiligen Blocks (15) ist.
  17. Struktur nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei jeder Block (15) mindestens eine Seitenfläche (45) aufweist, die den Block (15) in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) begrenzt, wobei jeder Block (15) ferner für jeden Hohlraum (75) mindestens einen Durchgang (57) begrenzt, der sich in einer seitlichen Richtung (X) senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) erstreckt und in den Hohlraum (75) und in eine Seitenfläche (45) mündet.
  18. Struktur nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, umfassend mindestens zwei Blöcke (15), die durch ein Metallelement, das in einem Durchgang (57) von jedem der betrachteten Blöcke (15) aufgenommen ist, fest miteinander verbunden sind.
  19. Struktur nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei sich das Struktur (10) entlang einer Erstreckungsrichtung (Y) in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) erstreckt, wobei sich jeder Block (15) entlang einer Hauptrichtung in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der vertikalen Richtung (Z) erstreckt, wobei ein Winkel zwischen der Erstreckungsrichtung (Y) und der Hauptrichtung von mindestens einem Block (15) strikt größer ist als Null, insbesondere größer als oder gleich wie 15 Grad.
EP20732892.3A 2019-06-17 2020-06-16 Struktur mit einer anordnung von blöcken Active EP3983613B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1906479A FR3097242B1 (fr) 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Ouvrage comprenant un ensemble de blocs
PCT/EP2020/066559 WO2020254288A1 (fr) 2019-06-17 2020-06-16 Ouvrage comprenant un ensemble de blocs

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EP3983613B1 true EP3983613B1 (de) 2024-03-27

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2826906A (en) * 1954-07-07 1958-03-18 William A Rice Wall of building blocks
US7413081B2 (en) * 2005-05-11 2008-08-19 Ken Rogers Stackable multi-use shipping and storage capsule and system
US8667760B2 (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-03-11 Coobs Canada Ltd. Modular building blocks with interlocking reinforcement rods
EP2758611A2 (de) * 2011-08-09 2014-07-30 Tie-Cast Systems, Inc. Mauerwerkverstärkungssystem

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WO2020254288A1 (fr) 2020-12-24
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FR3097242B1 (fr) 2022-08-05

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