EP3981920B1 - Excavation device and and excavation method for removing earth - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a civil engineering device for excavating soil according to claim 1. The invention also relates to an excavation device according to claim 11 and a civil engineering method for excavating soil using such a civil engineering device according to claim 13.

To create slots or holes in the ground, it is known to provide civil engineering devices, such as those from DE 10 2004 013 790 A or the EP 3 208 384 A emerge. A so-called trench wall cutter is arranged vertically adjustable on a mast or cantilever arm. The masts or cantilever arms on the carrier devices usually have a height of 15 m to 30 m or more. The height of the mast is largely determined by the height of the trench wall cutter.

Such civil engineering devices are used to create diaphragm or cut-off walls which can reach depths of up to 100 m and more. Such slotted or sealing walls are used for. B. the support of construction pits or to create a groundwater blockage. It is also possible to mine mineral resources with such milling machines.

In certain cases it is necessary to construct a cut-off wall in or near a structure, from a tunnel or where space is limited. Carriers with large masts and large trench cutters cannot be used for this.

From the EP 05 18 297 B1 a compact civil engineering device for creating slots is known. This civil engineering device has a rail-guided carriage with a frame and a cantilever arm, which is only slightly higher than a vertical length of a trench wall cutter. A cable drum for a support cable and connecting cable and a hose drum for a supply hose are mounted on the support frame close to the ground. The trench wall cutter is limited to the essential components, such as cutting wheels, drives, pumps, with a guide frame being designed to be small.

Another compact civil engineering device comes from the EP 3 208 384 A out. In this device, a compact trench wall cutter is adjustably mounted below a yoke, which is formed by two carrier devices arranged next to one another. The two carrier devices are connected to each other via a swivel joint.

Another milling device is from the EP 2 251 491 A1 known. This shows a milling device for removing soil material with a support and guide frame on which at least two milling units, each with at least one cutting wheel, are mounted, of which at least one milling unit is guided along a sinking device on the support and guide frame.

The EP 3 425 123 A1 shows a construction machine with a compact boom, at the distal end of which a diaphragm wall grab is arranged. The boom integrates a hose or cable drum and thus enables a very compact design.

In the case of these known compact civil engineering devices, an application height is essentially limited by the height of the trench wall cutter. A trench wall cutter cannot be reduced in size at will, since a certain size is required for the cutting wheels, the drives, the pump and, in particular, for a guide frame.

From the DE 60 2004 008 375 T2 a trench wall cutter is known in which a maintenance time for changing the cutting teeth on the cutting wheels can be shortened. This is achieved by not replacing individual cutting teeth but a cutting head on the milling frame as a whole.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a civil engineering device, an excavation device and a civil engineering method for excavating soil, with which efficient operation is made possible even under particularly cramped spatial conditions.

The object is achieved on the one hand with a civil engineering device according to claim 1 and with a civil engineering method according to claim 13 . Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

According to the invention, a civil engineering device is provided which is equipped with a removal device, which is constructed from at least two device modules, and a supporting structure for suspending and moving the removal device in a vertical direction to form a recess in the ground, in and/or on at least two device modules a pedestrian passage is formed, which allows a person to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules in the supporting structure.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen in configuring the removal device with at least two device modules and optionally further components of the civil engineering device as transportable, compact device modules. Furthermore, a support structure is provided for suspending and moving the removal device in a vertical direction to form the recess, the support structure additionally having a guide device for feeding or transporting the separate device modules. According to the invention, it is therefore no longer necessary to transport a fully operational removal device to a work area at which a recess is being created. Instead, according to the invention, the removal device is divided into its device modules and fed to the work area and only assembled there to form the removal device. Other components such as supply units of the civil engineering device, concreting modules or modules for installing reinforcement can also be designed as device modules. For this purpose, the support structure is designed with a corresponding guide or transport device. The support structure can preferably have an overall height that is smaller than the height of the removal device that is ready for use. The support structure only needs to be the same height or higher than the height of the device modules.

Thus, in principle, operation can also be carried out at work locations where only a very low working height is available, which is even lower than the height of the assembled removal device. This can be the case in particular if a so-called guide slot, which can have a depth of about 1 m to 4 m, is prefabricated in the work area, so that one or more device modules can already be inserted into the guide slot when assembling the removal device.

The civil engineering device according to the invention can be used at work sites and in buildings with very low ceiling heights, which can be less than 5 m and also less than 3 m. Due to a pedestrian passage formed in or on device modules, it can also be used in a tunnel, in which case the device modules extend in particular over the entire cross section of the tunnel. This ensures that operating personnel can safely pass through, for example for maintenance purposes. In addition, the limited tunnel cross-section for the device modules are completely or largely filled out. This allows a very good use of the limited space.

It is also possible to clad the individual modules on the side or to design them directly as containers that are closed on the side or completely, so that the construction work is shielded from the environment even when used outdoors. The pedestrian passage is preferably located within the paneling of the module.

In principle, pedestrian passages can only be provided on individual device modules. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly expedient for a pedestrian passage to be formed in or on all device modules.

A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that a first device module with cutting wheels and a second device module with at least one drive unit are provided. The removal device is designed as a trench cutter. The first device module can have the lower section of the trench wall cutter with the cutting wheels and the bearings of the cutting wheels on a base support. The second device module contains at least one drive unit, preferably for a pump device, which is designed in particular for flushing and/or pumping out suspension with the ground material that has been milled off. Alternatively or in addition, this or another drive unit can also be for the cutting wheels. The excavation device can be any device for excavating soil. It is preferred that the removal device comprises a trench wall cutter, a gripping device or a drilling device, in particular a down-the-hole drilling device.

In a compact configuration, guide elements for guiding and adjusting the removal device in the recess can also be arranged on the second device module. In particular, extendable adjusting elements can be provided, which can be executed by means of adjusting cylinders, in order to adjust the removal device relative to the walls.

In principle, the removal device can be constructed from a large number of other device modules, which can have different functions. It is particularly preferred that at least one further device module is provided, which has a guide frame. The guide frame can be purely passive as a scaffold-like frame with contact elements for positioning and guiding along the walls of the recess. Preferably, these plate-shaped elements can also be tiltable in order to bring about a relative change in position in the recess, in particular a slot or a bore. In principle, a plurality of such device modules with guide frames can be arranged, the guide accuracy and guide stability of the removal device being increased as the height of the guide frame increases. In this way, recesses with great depths of up to 100 m and more can be created with good guidance accuracy even with limited overall heights.

On at least one, preferably the uppermost or lowermost device module, a carrying device is arranged, with which the removal device is held on the carrying structure via a carrying cable or a rod-shaped carrying device.

For efficient operation of the removal device according to the invention, it is advantageous according to one embodiment that the support structure has at least one guide rail, along which the individual device modules are mounted so as to be displaceable transversely to the recess. The support structure thus not only allows the removal device to be displaced vertically in a forward direction, but also to enable the individual device modules to be displaced transversely to this forward direction. This allows efficient supply and removal of the individual device modules and expedient assembly and disassembly, particularly in a transverse or horizontal tunnel.

In principle, the shifting can be done by hand with suitable bearings. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly expedient for a displacement device to have a displacement drive for displacing the device modules. This can be a motor with a pinion, for example, which causes a movement along a rack, for example. It can also be a cable winch mechanism or a linear actuator or other suitable mechanism be provided drive device. The drive can preferably be operated electrically or hydraulically.

In principle, the device modules can be connected in any suitable manner that enables the quickest possible detachment and connection. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the device modules have connecting surfaces which are directed transversely and/or longitudinally to a longitudinal or removal direction. As a result, connecting surfaces are created that are as large as possible, which allow a particularly stable connection between the individual device modules. In addition to device modules for the removal device itself, further device modules for supply or holding devices that are separate from the removal device can be provided.

It is particularly preferred that detachable connecting devices are arranged on the connecting surfaces. In this case, the connecting devices are both mechanical connecting devices in order to couple the device modules to one another in a stable and firm manner. In addition, the connecting devices can also include devices for connecting supply hoses and lines, for example for electrical energy and for data transmission. In principle, quick-connect devices can also be provided. These can be operated manually or at least partially by means of appropriately driven actuators, such as actuating cylinders. However, the lines between supply units and device modules are preferably not separated and therefore no longer have to be connected when the removal device is installed. In particular, each device module can be assigned its own supply unit with a direct line connection. The connecting devices are preferably in the area of the pedestrian passages of the device modules.

In principle, the supporting structure can be built up compactly from steel girders, with the supporting structure being arranged exclusively at the work area. A particularly efficient mode of operation of the civil engineering device can be achieved in that the supporting structure extends along a working area in which adjacent recesses are introduced. Thus, after creating a first recess, the removal device by dismantling the individual device modules along the supporting structure and reassembled to form the removal device in order to create a second or further recess in the work area. In this way, a continuous milled slot can be created in an efficient manner, such as is desired for a retaining or cut-off wall.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that at least one lifting unit for vertically moving the removal device is arranged on the supporting structure. The lifting unit is preferably designed as a winch arrangement with a carrying cable or as a telescoping linkage. The lifting unit has a corresponding lifting drive, such as a rotary drive. This can be operated electrically or hydraulically. The lifting unit itself can be mounted in modular form as an easily detachable and adjustable module on the supporting structure. A carrying cable, for example, can be guided from the winch arrangement of the lifting unit along an upper area of the supporting structure to the removal device via at least one corresponding deflection roller and can be releasably connected thereto. The at least one deflection roller can be rotatably mounted on a roller carriage, which is movably mounted on the supporting structure.

Furthermore, according to a further development of the invention, it is preferred that at least one supply unit with at least one hose and/or cable reel is arranged on the supporting structure. The one or more supply units can also be mounted on the supporting structure as easily detachable and displaceable device modules. The hoses can be designed to supply and remove suspension or hydraulic fluid to the removal device. The lines on the cable drums can be designed to transmit electrical energy, hydraulic fluid or as data lines. The lifting unit and the supply unit can also be formed together on a device module or a unit.

In principle, the support structure can be of any design. It is preferred that the support structure has vertical supports on which the at least one guide rail is held at a distance from the floor. In this way, along one or more parallel guide rails, the device modules can be reliably moved along the supporting structure and assembled at the work site. The individual device modules can have holding points for attaching the lifting unit, in particular a support cable, so that the individual device modules can be lifted into a guide slot or out of the recess and then moved along the support structure. The support structure itself can be made up of one or more containers forming an enclosure.

According to a preferred development of the invention, a removal device can be present, which is characterized in that it is made up of at least two device modules, which have essentially the same height and at least two device modules have a passage for people, which is directed transversely to the direction of advance of the removal device . This removal device can preferably be used in the underground construction device described above.

According to a development of the invention, particularly good transportability is achieved in that the height of the device modules is not higher than 3 m. The device modules can thus be accommodated for transport purposes in a standard container or at least in a so-called high-cube container, which is readily suitable for road transport. Furthermore, the compact height of the device modules according to the invention allows them to be used in tunnels or other cramped spaces. If the tunnels are created specifically for the use of the civil engineering device, a smaller tunnel cross section is more economical to produce than a large tunnel cross section required for known civil engineering devices. Also, one or more standard or high-cube containers can be provided as an enclosure or housing for use with the trench cutter. This once again simplifies the transport, on the one hand, and on the other hand, e.g. B. the construction activities shielded from the environment in an outdoor operation. Operating personnel can move to all modules without having to leave the protection of the container wall thanks to the passageways within the row of containers. In this way, rapid construction progress can be achieved even in unfavorable weather conditions. In principle, the pedestrian passage can be kept open and extend from a first side of the device module to the opposite side of the device module extend. Preferably, the passage for people on all adjacent device modules of a civil engineering device is designed in such a way that they adjoin one another in a side-by-side state such that a person can change from one device module to the other device module. The pedestrian passage can be formed on a side area of the individual device modules or in an inner area. According to a further development of the invention, it is preferred that one or two doors are arranged to close the pedestrian passage, particularly in the case of the design in an inner area. In particular in the case of device modules which are provided to form the removal device, the doors can be used to seal off the pedestrian passageway tightly. In this way it can be prevented that suspension in the milled trench penetrates into the pedestrian passage and soils it.

Preferably, a lattice-like grating can be provided on the passage for people in the case of a horizontal passage for people.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a civil engineering method for removing soil is provided with a civil engineering device as described above, in which a supporting structure is arranged with a guide device and a removing device is arranged on the supporting structure and lowered into the ground in a vertical direction, with soil material being removed in a working area and a recess is formed in this way, with the removal device being constructed from at least two device modules, which are fed separately from one another by means of the guide device to the work area and are connected to one another at the work area to form the removal device, and wherein in and/or on at least two device modules Person passage is formed, through which a person can happen horizontally at least two device modules in the supporting structure. As a result, safe access by operating personnel to individual modules or to the work site can be guaranteed during assembly and/or during operation of the civil engineering device.

The advantages described above can be achieved with the method according to the invention. In principle, the removal device can then be pulled out of the prepared cut and dismantled in the opposite way.

A particularly advantageous method variant of the invention can be seen in the fact that at least two adjacent recesses are created, after the creation of a first recess, the removal device is withdrawn from the first recess, separating the device modules, and that to form a further recess, the device modules are moved along the Process guide device and be reconnected to the removal device, which is then lowered under removal of soil material in the ground. With this method, several recesses can be produced efficiently with good guidance and at relatively large depths, even in cramped spatial conditions. For the purposes of the invention, the adjacent recesses, which can be slots or bores, do not have to be directly adjacent to one another. For example, it can also be a matter of primary or secondary recesses when manufacturing a retaining wall using the pilgrim step method. The individual process steps can be repeated as desired, with the support structure having to be adjusted or moved along the work area with the guide device as the work progresses.

In principle, the process can be carried out at any work location. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the support structure is arranged in the ground within a tunnel. Thus, the method can be carried out within a tunnel in the ground under very tight spatial conditions. This method can therefore also be used to mine mineral resources that are located, for example, below a so-called micro tunnel produced for this purpose.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that to form a structure, in particular a retaining wall in the ground, the at least one recess is filled with a settable suspension, which hardens to form the retaining wall. The filling with a settable suspension can already take place during removal in a so-called single-phase process or by a final one Replacing a support suspension with a settable suspension in a so-called two-phase process.

At least part of the removed soil material can be used to produce the settable suspension, which is mixed directly in the recess or in a processing plant outside the recess with a settable liquid to form the settable suspension.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbauvorrichtung;

Fig. 2

eine Vorderansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf die Tiefbauvorrichtung nach den Figuren 1 bis 3;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Tragkonstruktion der erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbauvorrichtung nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische vergrößerte Darstellung eines ersten Vorrichtungsmoduls der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 1;

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische vergrößerte Ansicht eines zweiten Vorrichtungsmoduls der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 1;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Verschiebeschlittens für eine erfindungsgemäße Tiefbauvorrichtung;

Fig. 9

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Versorgungseinheit mit Schlauchtrommeln für eine erfindungsgemäße Tiefbauvorrichtung;

Fig. 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer anderen Versorgungseinheit mit Leitungstrommel für eine erfindungsgemäße Tiefbauvorrichtung;

Fig. 11

eine Vorderansicht einer im Einsatz befindlichen erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbauvorrichtung;

Fig. 12

eine schematische Seitenquerschnittsansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 11;

Fig. 13

eine Vorderansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 11 mit zusammengesetzter Abtragseinrichtung;

Fig. 14

eine Seitenansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 13;

Fig. 15

eine Vorderansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung der Figuren 11 bis 14 bei Beginn des Fräsverfahrens;

Fig. 16

eine Seitenansicht der Tiefbauvorrichtung von Fig. 15; und

Fig. 17

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Vorrichtungsmoduls nach der Erfindung mit einem inneren Personendurchgang.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:

1

a perspective view of a civil engineering device according to the invention;

2

a front view of the civil engineering device of 1 ;

3

a side view of the civil engineering device of 2 ;

4

a plan view of the civil engineering device according to Figures 1 to 3 ;

figure 5

a perspective view of a support structure of the civil engineering device according to the invention 1 ;

6

a perspective enlarged view of a first device module of the civil engineering device of 1 ;

7

a perspective enlarged view of a second device module of the civil engineering device of 1 ;

8

a perspective view of a displacement carriage for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

9

a perspective view of a supply unit with hose reels for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

10

a perspective view of another supply unit with cable reel for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

11

a front view of a civil engineering device according to the invention in use;

12

FIG. 12 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the underground construction device of FIG 11 ;

13

a front view of the civil engineering device according to the invention 11 with compound removal device;

14

a side view of the civil engineering device of 13 ;

15

a front view of the civil engineering device Figures 11 to 14 at the start of the milling process;

16

a side view of the civil engineering device of 15 ; and

17

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a device module according to the invention having an internal passageway.

In the Figures 1 to 4 a civil engineering device 10 according to the invention is shown in various views, which is designed for installation in a tunnel with an approximately circular tunnel cross section. The civil engineering device 10 according to Figures 1 to 4 is shown in a rest or home position before a milling method according to the invention is carried out.

The civil engineering device 10 has a framework-like supporting structure 20, which is also described in more detail in figure 5 is shown. The support structure 20 includes a lattice-like floor support 21, which is made up of longitudinal and transverse beams. Furthermore, a ceiling area 23 constructed in the manner of a lattice or ladder is provided, which is carried by the floor support 21 via a large number of vertical supports 22 . A guide device 24 with guide rails 25 can be formed along the ceiling area 23 and also along the floor support 21, the function of which will be described in more detail below. The longitudinal beams of both the floor support 21 and the ceiling area 23 can form guide rails 25 of a displacement device 26 . The vertical supports 22, which are arranged in pairs and which connect the floor support 21 and the ceiling area 23 in the area of cross members, can be essentially be arranged at equal distances from each other. An exception to this can be a milling section 28 for assembling and disassembling a removal device in a central area of the supporting structure 20 . A ground passage 29 for the trench wall cutter is formed in the ground support 21 on this cutting section 28 with an increased spacing of the vertical supports 22 from one another. In principle, such a floor passage 29 can be provided between all pairs of vertical supports 22 . Laterally protruding supports 12 are formed on the floor support 21 , which serve to support gratings 14 . As a result, one or two lateral pedestrian passages 18 can be formed. The pedestrian passage 18 can also be arranged within a device module 40, 50 if this extends entirely or largely over a tunnel cross-section.

As in the Figures 1 to 4 1, a first fixture module 40 is disposed within the milling section 28 in the quiescent or home state. The first device module 40 has a base frame 44 with cutting wheels 42 arranged thereon. The first device module 42 is mounted displaceably along the upper guide rails 25 in a longitudinal direction of the supporting structure 20 via the base frame 44 .

A second device module 50 with a guide frame 54 is mounted laterally next to the first device module 40 so that it can also be displaced along the upper guide rails 25 of the displacement device 26 . The second device module 50 with the drive unit 52 mounted therein is suspended on two cables 64 . The cables 64 are guided by a winch 62 of a lifting unit 60 along the upper ceiling area 23 to a displacement carriage 27, from which the cables 64 are guided via deflection rollers to the second device module 50 and are releasably attached thereto. In addition to a lifting function for raising and lowering a trench cutter, the cable 64 can also be part of the displacement device 26 for longitudinal displacement of at least the second device module 50 along the upper guide rails 25 .

In the illustrated civil engineering device 10 according to the Figures 1 to 4 is a first supply unit 80 with a rotatable cable drum 82 for a plurality of cables 84 on the left side of the supporting structure 20 in relation to the milling section 28 slidably mounted on a first support carriage 86 . The lines 84 can be embodied as data lines for electric power or for the supply of hydraulic energy or compressed air to the first device module 40 with the cutting wheels 42 . In the illustrated embodiment, the first support carriage 86 is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable and lockable manner both along the guide rails 25 on the ceiling area 23 and along guide rails 25 on the floor support 21 . The first supply unit 80 is directly connected to the first device module 40 .

A second supply unit 70 with a hose drum 72 and a cable drum 73 which are rotatably mounted in a second support carriage 76 is shown on the right-hand side. The second support carriage 76, on which two winch drums of the winch 62 are also rotatably mounted, can be moved longitudinally along the guide rails 25 on the upper ceiling area 23 and fixed. The second supply unit 70 serves to supply the second device module 50 directly. It is of course also possible to position the cable reel 82, the hose reel 72 and the cable reel 73 all in the same supply unit 70, 80.

In the Figures 1 to 4 a hose line 74 of the hose drum 72 is shown. The hose line 74 can be designed for removing milled soil material with support liquid. Additional lines 75 on the line drum 73 can be electrical lines for control or measurement signals or for supplying and removing hydraulic fluid. The further supply and removal of the media into and out of the supporting structure 20 takes place in the usual way by means of lines and hoses and is not shown for reasons of clarity.

The first device module 40 is in 6 shown in more detail. Two pairs of cutting wheels 42 are rotatably mounted on a base frame 44 which is approximately U-shaped in cross section. Two milling wheels 42 each are rotatably mounted on a central milling shield 43 which is attached to an underside of the base frame 44 . The cutting wheels 42 are provided, in a manner known in principle, on their outside with removal teeth for removing soil material.

Between the two pairs of milling wheels 42, which rotate in opposite directions to the center, a suction nozzle 45 is provided for sucking off the milled soil material with the surrounding supporting or milling liquid. A milling drive 46 is attached to the base frame 44 for each pair of milling wheels 42 . In principle, the drive could also be integrated into the cutting wheels 42 . Furthermore, vertical and horizontal surfaces are provided on the base frame 44 as the first connecting surface 48, it being possible for through-holes 49 to be provided for bolt connections. Shots 41 are used to connect to the first supply unit 80, as in connection with the figure 10 is explained in more detail.

According to 7 a second device module 50 is shown, which consists of a box-shaped guide frame 54 . The cross-section of the guide frame 54 corresponds approximately to the cut cross-section of the first device module 40, so that the trench wall cutter as a removal device is guided through the guide frame 54 in the cut trench itself. For a position correction, plate-shaped adjusting elements 56 are provided in a basically known manner by means of hydraulic cylinders, with which a certain position adjustment relative to the walls of the cut trench is made possible.

Second connecting surfaces 58 are provided on the guide frame 54 , which enable a precisely positioned connection to the first connecting surfaces 48 on the first device module 40 . Within the guide frame 54, a drive unit 52 is mounted, which is designed as a pump device. A holding device 55 for attaching a carrying cable is provided on a top side of the guide frame 54 in a central region.

The first device module 40 and the second device module 50 can be mechanically connected to each other.

The previously mentioned displacement carriage 27 is in 8 shown in more detail. This has a carriage frame 34, on the outside of which four guide rollers 35 are rotatably mounted. With the guide rollers 35, the displacement carriage 27 is guided linearly on or in the guide rails 25 of the guide device 24 on the supporting structure 20.

The guide rollers 35 are arranged in pairs opposite one another, with an intermediate space being formed between the two pairs, in which two laterally opposite deflection rollers 36 for the cable 64 for holding the second device module 50 and thus the trench wall cutter as a whole are arranged. The approximately horizontally guided cables 64 are deflected vertically downwards by the winch 62 by means of the deflection rollers 36 . For a deflection of the hose line 74 and the lines 75 from the second supply unit 70 , arcuate hose guides 37 embodied approximately in the shape of a quarter circle are arranged on the carriage frame 34 . The horizontally supplied hose line 74 and the lines 75 are deflected in a vertical direction to the trench wall cutter by these hose guides 37 .

In 9 the already mentioned second supply unit 70 is shown in more detail. This has a second support carriage 76 in which a hose reel 72 for a large hose line 74 for a fluid and a line reel 73 for two hydraulic hoses 75 and two electrical lines 75 are rotatably mounted. Furthermore, a winch drum of the winch 62 for two cables 64 running parallel to one another is rotatably mounted in a rear region of the second support carriage 76 . Along the two side walls of the second support carriage 76 four guide rollers 35 are arranged evenly distributed and rotatably mounted. With the guide rollers 35, the second supply unit 70 is mounted to be longitudinally displaceable along the guide rails 25 on the ceiling area 23 of the supporting structure 20.

Similarly, the first supply unit 80 according to FIG 10 educated. This includes a first support carriage 86 on which a cable drum 82 is rotatably mounted. The first support carriage 86 is provided on its side walls with three upper guide rollers 35 which are linearly guided along the guide rails 25 on the ceiling area 23 of the support structure 20 . Furthermore, two lateral support rollers 38 are rotatably mounted on a lower region of the first support carriage 86, which rest along the guide rails 25 on the floor support 21 and are linearly guided along them.

Arranged on one end face of the first support carriage 86 is a quarter-circle, arcuate deflection guide 88 with which cables from the cable reel 82 can be deflected from the horizontal to a vertical in the direction of the trench cutter.

Locking devices 89 are used to connect to the first device module 40 by fitting them into the receptacles 41 (see figure 6 ) are introduced at the first device module 40, e.g. B. by being extended horizontally by means of hydraulic cylinders. About a lifting device 90, the z. B. can include one or two hydraulic cylinders, so that the first device module 40 can be lowered into the guide slot or raised again after completion of the slot.

In connection with the Figures 11 to 16 the use of a civil engineering device 10 according to the invention and an implementation of a method according to the invention for milling a milled trench under cramped spatial conditions are explained in more detail.

In 11 the arrangement of a civil engineering device 10 according to the invention in a tunnel tube 5 is shown in the ground, which is shown in the partial cross-sectional view according to FIG 12 has a circular tunnel cross-section. Before the civil engineering device 10 is introduced into the tubular tunnel 5 , a guide slot 6 with fixed guide walls 7 is created in a basically known manner at the bottom of the tunnel 5 . The guide walls 7 can be concreted or formed by inserted guide elements made of concrete or steel. The guide slot 6 can have a depth of between 1 m and 5 m and is created in a basically known manner, for example by an excavator or by means of a sword cutter. The guide slot 6 is used in a basically known manner to initially guide the trench wall cutter along the guide walls 7. For the method according to the invention, the guide slot is also used as an assembly space for mounting and connecting the first device module 40 to the second device module 50, as will be explained in more detail below.

The used in the tunnel 5 civil engineering device 10 corresponds to the civil engineering device 10 described above and has as essential components a framework-like support structure 20, in which a first device module 40, a second device module 50 and a first supply unit 80 and a second supply unit 70 are guided and held in a linearly displaceable manner. The supporting structure 20 is adapted to the tunnel 5 , with a floor support 21 being supported on the floor of the tunnel 5 and a ceiling area 23 of the supporting structure 20 being supported on a ceiling of the tunnel 5 . It is also possible that the civil engineering device 10 is not supported on the ceiling but only on the floor. The tunnel 5 can have a diameter of about 2 m to 6 m. With a correspondingly large tunnel cross-section, lateral support of the civil engineering device 10 is also conceivable, with a free space at the side being able to be used as a passage 18 for operating personnel. A grating 14 is placed on the laterally protruding lower horizontal supports 12 to form the pedestrian passage 18 . With horizontally spaced apparatus modules, the pedestrian passageway 18 may extend partially on the support structure 20 and partially through the apparatus modules 40,50.

In a first step according to 13 the first device module 40 with the cutting wheels 42 is connected to the first supply unit 80 via the locking device 89 and then at least partially lowered into the prefabricated guide slot 6 by means of the lifting device 90, so that the second device module 50 is pushed along the supporting structure 20 over the first device module 40 can be. In this case, the second supply unit 70 can be displaced and tracked in accordance with the second device module 50 . In this position according to Figures 13 and 14 the first device module 40 can be assembled and connected to the second device module 50 to form the ready-to-use trench wall cutter 30 as a removal device Figures 15 and 16 is shown.

After the mechanical connections between the two device modules 40, 50 have been established, a lock between the first device module 40 and the first supply unit 80 can be released via the locking device 89. The removal device 30 can then be lowered into the ground via the carrying cable 64 while the cutting wheels 42 rotate, and soil material can be removed to form the cut trench. In principle, the hose line 74 and the lines 75 from the second supply unit 70 can also be connected to the removal device 30, while the lines 84 are permanently connected to the first supply unit 80 . However, it is preferred that the lines between the first supply unit 80 and the first device module 30 and the lines between the second supply unit 70 and the second device module are each permanently connected and no longer have to be connected during assembly. The milled soil material can be pumped out via the suction socket 45 by means of the drive unit 52 designed as a pump device and conveyed away by means of the hose line 74 outside the milled trench as a recess in the tunnel tube 5 and from there outside the tunnel tube 5 .

After a desired final depth has been reached, the removal device 30 can be pulled back up again and dismantled in the reverse manner. After moving the civil engineering device 10 with the supporting structure 20 as a whole or by linearly displacing the device modules 40, 50 along the supporting structure 20 to a new work area, the assembly step can then be repeated to reassemble the removal device 30 and to perform milling of a slot again.

The support structure 20 can be designed not only as one part, as shown in the previous exemplary embodiment, but also in several parts from a number of components which are spaced apart from one another or are connected to one another via swivel joints. To control the removal device 30, a control station can be provided, which is preferably provided on the supporting structure 20 or in the area of the removal device 30 itself. In principle, the removal device 30 can also be formed directly on the removal device 30 without a suction device. A corresponding suction device can be arranged in the area of the supporting structure 20 . Alternatively, a suction device, in particular a pump, can be arranged on the first device module 40 with the cutting wheels 42 or on the second device module 50 directly above the cutting wheels 42 .

An alternative embodiment of the civil engineering device 10 according to the invention is shown in 17 shown. A device module 50 of the civil engineering device 10 has a cross section which almost completely or largely covers a cross section of the tunnel 5 . The support structure 20 can be used as a rail arrangement be formed along the tunnel 5. In order to allow people to pass through 18, a passage is provided inside the device module, the floor of which forms a grating 14 for the operating or maintenance personnel.

Claims (15)

1. A civil engineering machine for removing soil, which is formed with a plurality of machine modules (40, 50), comprising

   - a removal device (30), which is constructed from at least two machine modules (40, 50), and

   - a carrier structure (20) for suspending and moving the removal device (30) in a vertical direction in an advancing direction in order to form a hole in the ground,

   - wherein the carrier structure additionally has a guide device for conveying or transporting the separate machine modules (40, 50) transversely to the advancing direction, and

   - wherein a personnel passage (18) is formed in and / or on the at least two machine modules (40, 50), which allows a person to pass horizontally along the at least two machine modules (40, 50) in the carrier structure (20).
2. The civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a personnel passage (18) is formed in or on all machine modules (40, 50) which allows a person to pass horizontally along all machine modules (40, 50).
3. The civil engineering machine according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the removal device (30) comprises a trench cutter, a gripping device or a drilling device.
4. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   at least one further machine module having a guide frame (54) is provided.
5. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the carrier structure (20) has at least one guide rail (25), along which the individual machine modules (40, 50) are mounted so as to be movable transversely to a trench which extends in the advancing direction.
6. The civil engineering machine according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   a positioning device (26) with a travel drive for moving the machine modules (40, 50) is provided.
7. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the machine modules (40, 50) have connecting surfaces (48, 58) on which releasable connecting devices are arranged.
8. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the carrier structure (20) extends along a work area in which adjacent trenches or boreholes are introduced as holes.
9. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   at least one hoisting unit (60) for vertically moving the removal device (30) is arranged on the carrier structure (20) in the advancing direction.
10. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    at least one supply unit (70, 80) having at least one hose reel and/or line reel (72, 73, 82) is arranged on the carrier structure (20).
11. The civil engineering machine according to one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that

    the removal device (30) is constructed from at least two machine modules (40, 50), which are of substantially the same height in an advancing direction, and

    in that the at least two machine modules (40, 50) of the removal device have a personnel passage (18), which is oriented transversely to the advancing direction of the removal device (30).
12. The civil engineering machine according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    one or two doors for laterally closing off the personnel passage (18) are arranged.
13. A civil engineering method for removing soil with a civil engineering machine (10), particularly according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which

    - a carrier structure (20) having a guide device (24) is arranged, and

    - a removal device (30) is arranged on the carrier structure (20) and lowered in a vertical direction in an advancing direction into the ground, wherein soil material is removed in a work area to thus form a hole,

    - wherein the removal device (30) consists of at least two machine modules (40, 50), which are conveyed to the work area separately from one another by way of the guide device (24) and are connected to one another at the work area to form the removal device (30), and

    - wherein a personnel passage (18) is formed in and / or on at least two machine modules (40, 50), through which a person can pass horizontally through the at least two machine modules (40, 50) in the carrier structure (20).
14. The method according to claim 13,
    characterized in that

    at least two adjacent holes are produced, wherein, after producing a first hole, the removal device (30) is withdrawn from the first hole, the machine modules (40, 50) are separated, and

    in that in order to form a further hole, the machine modules (40, 50) are moved along the guide device (24) and connected together again to form the removal device (30), which is then lowered into the ground while removing soil material.
15. The method according to claim 13 or 14,
    characterized in that
    the carrier structure is arranged in the ground inside a tunnel (5).

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