CN116348643A

CN116348643A - Civil engineering machine and civil engineering method for shoveling

Info

Publication number: CN116348643A
Application number: CN202180068726.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: L·韦克斯勒
Original assignee: Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Current assignee: Bauer Maschinen GmbH
Priority date: 2020-10-07
Filing date: 2021-09-15
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Also published as: EP3981920B1; EP3981920A1; WO2022073736A1; JP7621473B2; KR20230058524A; EP3981920C0; JP2023544796A

Abstract

The invention relates to a civil engineering device for cutting earth, which is formed from a plurality of device modules, has a cutting mechanism constructed from at least two device modules, and has a support structure for suspending the cutting mechanism and moving it in a vertical direction in order to form a pit in the ground, wherein a personnel channel is formed in and/or at the at least two device modules, which allows personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules.

Description

Civil engineering machine and civil engineering method for shoveling

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a civil engineering device for earthmoving according to claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a civil engineering method for excavating earth with such a civil engineering device according to claim 13.

Background

In order to make slots or bores in the ground, it is known to provide civil engineering devices as are known, for example, from DE 10 2004 013 790A. In this case, so-called slotting wall mills are arranged in a vertically adjustable manner on the pylon or cantilever. The tower or cantilever on the support device here typically has a height of 15m to 30m or more. The height of the tower is largely dependent on the height of the slotting wall mill.

For such civil engineering devices, it is possible to manufacture walls of the tank or of the seal walls up to depths of up to 100m and more. Such trough walls or sealing walls are used, for example, for supporting foundation pits or for building groundwater dams. It is possible to use such mills to mine underground resources.

In certain cases it is necessary to build a sealing wall in or near a structure, starting from a tunnel or under confined space conditions. For this reason, support devices with large pylons and large slotting wall mills cannot be used.

A compact civil engineering device for producing a slot is known from EP 05 18 297 B1. Such civil engineering devices have a rail-guided carriage with a chassis and a cantilever arm which is only slightly above the vertical length of the slotting wall milling cutter. A rope drum for slings and connecting cables and a hose drum for supply hoses are supported on a support frame close to the ground. The slotting wall mill is limited to major components such as milling wheels, drives, pumps, wherein the guide frame is of small design.

Another compact civil engineering device is known from EP 3 208 384 B1. For this device, a compact slotting wall milling cutter is adjustably supported below an iron yoke, which is formed by two support devices arranged alongside one another. The two support devices are connected to each other by a swivel joint.

For these known compact civil engineering devices the use height is substantially limited by the height of the slotting wall milling cutter. The slotting wall milling cutter cannot be arbitrarily reduced here, since specific dimensions are required for the milling wheel, the drive, the pump and in particular for the guide frame.

A slotting wall milling cutter is known from DE 60 2004 008 375 T2, in which the waiting time for changing the cutting teeth on the milling wheel can be reduced. This is achieved by: instead of replacing individual cutting teeth, the cutting heads on the milling frame are replaced as a whole.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to specify a civil engineering device and a civil engineering method for earthworking with which efficient operation is possible even in particularly confined space conditions.

This object is achieved on the one hand with a civil engineering device according to claim 1 and on the other hand with a civil engineering method according to claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the respective dependent claims.

According to the invention, a civil engineering device is provided, which has a cutting mechanism and a load-bearing structure, wherein the cutting mechanism is constructed from at least two device modules, and the load-bearing structure serves to suspend the cutting mechanism and to move it in a vertical direction in order to form a pit in the ground, wherein a personnel aisle is constructed in and/or at the at least two device modules, which personnel aisle allows personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules.

The basic idea of the invention can consist in constructing the extraction mechanism of the civil engineering device with at least two device modules and possibly further components as a movable compact device module. Furthermore, a load-bearing structure is provided for suspending the excavating mechanism and moving it in a vertical direction in order to form a pit in the ground, wherein the load-bearing structure additionally has a guide mechanism for transporting or conveying the separate device modules. According to the invention, it is therefore no longer necessary to transport the fully ready excavating mechanism to the work area where the pit is to be manufactured. More precisely, according to the invention, the removal means are transported to the working area with being divided into its device modules and only there are assembled into the removal means. Further components, such as the supply unit, the concrete-laying module or the module for installing the reinforcement of the civil engineering device, can also be constructed as device modules. For this purpose, the support structure is configured with corresponding guide or transport means. The load-bearing structure can preferably have a structural height that is less than the height of the ready-to-use extraction mechanism. The load bearing structure need only be equal to or greater than the height of the device module.

As a result, it is in principle also possible to carry out operations at work sites where only a small work height is available, which is even smaller than the height of the assembled excavating mechanism. This occurs in particular in the case of: a so-called guide slot, which may have a depth of, for example, 1m to 4m, is prefabricated in the working area, so that one or more device modules can be inserted into the guide slot already when the removal mechanism is assembled.

The civil engineering device according to the invention can be used on the job site and in buildings with very small ceiling heights, which may be less than 5m and also less than 3m. Due to the person channels formed in or at the device modules, which in particular extend over the entire tunnel cross section, can also be used in tunnels. Reliable access by the operator, for example, for maintenance purposes, can thus be ensured. Furthermore, the limited tunnel cross section for the device module can be completely or largely filled. This enables a very good utilization of the limited space.

It is also possible to line the individual modules laterally or to manufacture them directly as a laterally or completely closed container, so that the construction work is also shielded from the surroundings during outdoor operation. The personnel channels are preferably located within the lining plate of the module.

In principle, the personnel channels can be provided only on the individual device modules. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly expedient if the personnel duct is formed in or at all the device modules.

A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in providing a first device module with a milling wheel and a second device module with at least one drive unit. The extraction mechanism is configured here as a slotting wall milling cutter. The first device module can have a lower section of the slotting wall milling cutter with milling wheels and a bearing of the milling wheels on a base. The second device module then comprises at least one drive unit, preferably for a pumping mechanism, which is designed in particular for flushing away and/or pumping out the suspension with the milled-off soil. Alternatively or additionally, the drive unit or another drive unit can also be used for the milling wheel. The excavating mechanism can be any apparatus for excavating earth. Preferably, the removal means comprises a slotting wall mill, a gripping device or a drilling device, in particular an in-hole drilling device.

In a compact embodiment, a guide element for guiding and adjusting the removal means in the pit can also be arranged on the second device module. In particular, a removable adjusting element can be provided, which can be produced by means of an adjusting cylinder in order to adjust the removal mechanism in this way relative to the wall.

In principle, the removal means can be formed from a plurality of further device modules which can have different functions. In this case, it is particularly preferred if at least one further device module with a guide frame is provided. The guide frame can be used purely passively as a frame like a bracket with abutment elements for positioning and guiding along the walls of the pit. Preferably, these plate-like elements can also be adjusted (ausstellbar) in order to cause a relative change in position in the pit, in particular in the slot or the borehole. In principle, a plurality of such device modules can be arranged with guide frames, wherein the guide accuracy and the guide stability of the removal mechanism are increased as the height of the guide frames increases. In this way, pits with large depths up to 100m and more can also be produced with good guidance accuracy with a limited constructional height.

In principle, a support means is arranged on at least one, preferably uppermost or lowermost, device module, with which the removal means is held on the load-bearing structure by means of slings or bar-shaped support means.

According to one embodiment variant, for the effective operation of the removal device according to the invention, it is advantageous if the support structure has at least one guide rail along which the individual device modules are mounted so as to be movable transversely to the pit. The load-bearing structure thus allows not only the excavating mechanism to be moved vertically in the direction of tunneling but also the individual device modules to be moved transversely to this direction of tunneling. This allows for an efficient transport and removal of the individual device modules and a suitable installation and removal, in particular in transversely or horizontally oriented tunnels.

In principle, the movement can be carried out by hand by means of a suitable bearing arrangement. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly expedient if the displacement mechanism has a displacement drive for the displacement device module. This can be, for example, a motor with a pinion which causes a movement, for example, along a rack. A control cable mechanism with a rope winch or a linear adjusting cylinder or other suitable drive mechanism can also be provided. The drive can be operated preferably electrically or hydraulically.

The connection of the device modules can in principle be carried out in every suitable way, which allows for an immediate release and connection. In this case, according to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the device module has a connection surface which is oriented transversely to and/or in the longitudinal direction or the removal direction. As a result, a connection surface of as large an area as possible is provided, which allows a particularly stable connection between the individual device modules. In addition to the device module for the removal mechanism itself, a further device module for the supply mechanism or the holding mechanism can be provided, which is separate from the removal mechanism.

In this case, it is particularly preferred that a releasable connection is arranged on the connection surface. The connection is not only a mechanical connection, but also serves to couple the device modules to one another in a stable and secure manner. Furthermore, the connection means can also comprise means for connecting the supply hose to lines, for example for electrical energy and for data transmission. In principle, a quick-connect mechanism can also be provided. These quick-connect mechanisms can be operated manually or at least in part by means of a correspondingly driven adjusting mechanism, such as an adjusting cylinder. However, it is preferred that the lines between the supply unit and the device module are not separate and therefore no connection is necessary anymore when the removal mechanism is installed. In particular, each device module can be assigned its own supply unit with a direct line connection. The connection is preferably located in the region of the personnel aisle of the installation module.

In principle, the load-bearing structure can be constructed in a generally compact manner from steel beams, wherein the load-bearing structure is arranged only at the working area. A particularly efficient operation of the civil engineering device can be achieved by: the load-bearing structure extends along a work area in which pits are earthed alongside one another. Thus, after the first pothole has been manufactured, the excavating mechanism can be moved along the load bearing structure with the individual device modules removed and again assembled into an excavating mechanism to make a second or further pothole at the work area. In this way, a coherent milling groove can be produced in an efficient manner, as is desirable, for example, for support walls or sealing walls.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that at least one lifting unit for vertically moving the extraction mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing structure. The lifting unit is preferably configured as a hoisting machine with a hoisting line or as a telescopic support bar. The lifting unit has a corresponding lifting drive, for example a rotary drive. The lifting drive can be operated electrically or hydraulically. The lifting unit itself can be supported on the load-bearing structure in a modular manner as an easily releasable and adjustable module. By means of at least one corresponding steering roller, such as a sling, it is possible to be guided by the hoisting machine of the lifting unit along the upper region of the load-bearing structure to the excavating mechanism and to be connected releasably thereto. The at least one deflection roller can be rotatably mounted on a roller carriage, which is in turn mounted movably on a support structure.

Furthermore, according to one development of the invention, it is preferred that at least one supply unit with at least one hose drum and/or line drum is arranged on the load-bearing structure. The one or more supply units can also be supported on the support structure as easily releasable and movable device modules. The hose can be configured to convey or drain suspension or hydraulic fluid to the excavating mechanism. The pipeline on the pipeline drum can be configured for transmitting electrical energy, hydraulic fluid or as a data line. The lifting unit and the supply unit can also be formed together on a device module or a unit.

In principle, the load-bearing structure can be made arbitrarily. Preferably, the load bearing structure has a vertical support on which the at least one rail is held in spaced relation to the ground. In this way, the device module can be reliably moved along the load-bearing structure along one or more parallel guide rails and installed at the work site. The individual device modules can have holding points for the placement of lifting units, in particular slings, so that the individual device modules can be lifted into the guide channel or out of the pit and then moved along the load-bearing structure. The load-bearing structure can even be built up from one or more containers forming a jacket structure.

The invention further relates to a removal mechanism which is characterized in that it is constructed from at least two device modules which have substantially the same height and which have a personnel channel which is oriented transversely to the direction of development of the removal mechanism. Such a cutting mechanism can be preferably used in the civil engineering device described above.

According to one development of the invention, particularly good portability is achieved by: the height of the device module is not greater than 3m. The device module can thereby be received for transport purposes in a standard container or at least one so-called high container, which is easily adapted for road transport. Furthermore, the compact height of the device module according to the invention allows use in tunnels or other confined spaces. If the tunnel is constructed specifically for the use of the civil engineering device, the smaller tunnel cross section should be manufactured more economically than the large tunnel cross section necessary for the known civil engineering device. One or more standard or tall containers can also be provided as a wrap-around structure or housing for the slotted wall mill. This simplifies the transportation again, on the one hand, and shields the construction work from the surroundings, for example, during outdoor operation. The operator can access all modules inside the container next to each other due to the personnel access without having to leave the protection of the container walls. Thus, smooth construction progress can be achieved even under adverse weather conditions.

In principle, the personnel channel can remain open and can extend from a first side of the device module to an opposite side of the device module. The person passage is preferably formed on all the device modules of the civil engineering device lying next to one another, so that the device modules, in the state lying next to one another, adjoin one another in such a way that persons can be transferred from one device module to the other. The personnel channels can be formed on the side areas of the individual device modules or in the interior area. According to a further development of the invention, it is preferred, in particular when formed in the interior region, to provide one or two doors for closing the personnel channel. In particular, for the device module provided for forming the removal mechanism, the door can be used to seal off the personnel channel. In this way, the suspension in the milling groove can be prevented from being pushed into the personnel channel and from being soiled.

For horizontal person passages, a grid-like walking grid can preferably be provided on the person passage.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a civil engineering method for cutting earth with the aforementioned civil engineering device is provided, in which a load-bearing structure with a guide mechanism is arranged and a cutting mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing structure and lowered into the ground in the vertical direction, in which earth material is cut out in the working area and a pit is thus formed, in which the cutting mechanism is constructed from at least two device modules which are transported separately from one another by means of the guide mechanism to the working area and are connected to one another in the working area for forming the cutting mechanism, and in which a personnel aisle is constructed in and/or at the at least two device modules, through which personnel can pass horizontally in the load-bearing structure through the at least two device modules. In this way, it is possible to ensure that the operator is safely transported to the individual modules or to the working site during the installation of the civil engineering device and/or during its operation.

With the method according to the invention, the advantages described above can be achieved. In principle, the removal means can then be pulled out again from the produced milling groove in the opposite manner and removed.

A particularly advantageous variant of the method according to the invention can consist in producing at least two holes next to one another, wherein after the production of a first hole, the removal means are pulled back out of the first hole when the device module is separated, and in order to form a further hole, the device module is moved along the guide means and is connected again to form the removal means, which are then lowered into the ground when the earth is removed. In this way, a plurality of pits can be produced efficiently even in narrow space conditions, while good guidance is performed and with a relatively large depth. In the sense of the present invention, the holes side by side with each other (which can be slots or bores) do not have to be directly adjacent to each other side by side. Such as in the manufacture of support walls in a reciprocating manner, can also involve primary or secondary pits. The individual method steps can be repeated at will, if necessary, wherein the support structure can be adjusted or moved along the working area with the aid of guide means as the work progresses.

In principle, the method can be carried out at any working site. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous to arrange the load-bearing structure in the ground inside the tunnel. Thereby, the method can be carried out in very narrow space conditions in the ground inside the tunnel. Thus, in this way, it is also possible to exploit underground resources, for example, underneath so-called micro-tunnels made for this purpose.

According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the at least one pit is backfilled with a settable suspension for forming a support wall in a structure, in particular in the ground, which suspension hardens into a support wall. The backfilling process with the condensable suspension can already be carried out in a so-called single-phase method during the removal or in a so-called two-phase method by replacing the supporting suspension with the final condensable suspension.

For producing a condensable suspension, at least a part of the excavated earth material can be used, which is mixed with a condensable liquid directly in the pit or in a treatment device outside the pit for forming a condensable suspension.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with the aid of preferred embodiments, which are schematically shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a civil engineering device according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows a front view of the civil engineering device of fig. 1;

fig. 3 shows a side view of the civil engineering device of fig. 2;

fig. 4 shows a top view of the civil engineering device according to fig. 1 to 3;

fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the load-bearing structure of the civil engineering device according to the invention according to fig. 1;

fig. 6 shows an enlarged perspective view of a first device module of the civil engineering device of fig. 1;

fig. 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of a second device module of the civil engineering device of fig. 1;

fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a mobile carriage for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a supply unit with a hose reel for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

fig. 10 shows a perspective view of a further feed unit with a pipeline drum for a civil engineering device according to the invention;

fig. 11 shows a front view of the civil engineering device according to the invention in use;

fig. 12 shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the civil engineering device of fig. 11;

FIG. 13 shows a front view of the civil engineering device of FIG. 11, together with an assembled cutting mechanism;

fig. 14 shows a side view of the civil engineering device of fig. 13;

fig. 15 shows a front view of the civil engineering device of fig. 11 to 14 at the beginning of the milling method;

fig. 16 shows a side view of the civil engineering device of fig. 15; and is also provided with

Fig. 17 shows a cross-sectional view of the device module according to the invention together with the interior personnel channel.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 4 show, in different views, a civil engineering device 10 according to the invention, which is designed to be installed into a tunnel having an approximately circular tunnel cross section. Civil engineering device 10 according to fig. 1 to 4 is shown in a rest or initial position before the milling method according to the invention is carried out.

The civil engineering device 10 has a support-like load-bearing structure 20, which is also shown in detail in fig. 5. The load-bearing structure 20 comprises a grid-like ground support 21, which is built up from stringers and beams. Furthermore, a correspondingly grid-like or ladder-like construction of the top region 23 is provided, which is supported by the floor support 21 via a plurality of vertical struts 22. Along the top region 23 and also along the floor support 21, a guide 24 can be provided with a guide rail 25, the function of which is described further below. Both the longitudinal beams of the floor support 21 and the longitudinal beams of the top region 23 can form the guide rail 25 of the displacement mechanism 26. The vertical struts 22, which are arranged in pairs, respectively connect the floor support 21 and the roof region 23 in the region of the transverse beam, which can be arranged at a substantially uniform distance from one another. An exception may be milling section 28 for mounting and dismounting the excavating mechanism in the central region of the load bearing structure 20. In this milling section 28 with an enlarged distance between the vertical struts 22, a floor channel 29 for a slotting wall milling cutter is formed in the floor support 21. In principle, such ground passages 29 can be provided between all pairs of vertical struts 22. Laterally protruding supports 12 are formed on the floor support 21, which support serve to receive the walking grid 14. Thereby, one or two lateral person channels 18 can be formed. The personnel channels can also be arranged inside the

device modules

40, 50 if they extend overall or to a large extent over the tunnel cross section.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first device module 40 is arranged in the milling section 28 in the rest state or initial state. The first device module 40 has a base frame 44 which in turn has milling wheels 42 arranged thereon. By means of the basic frame 44, the first device module 42 is supported movably along the upper guide rail 25 in the longitudinal direction of the load-bearing structure 20.

The second device module 50 is also supported by a guide frame 54 on the side of the first device module 40 so as to be movable along the upper guide rail 25 of the moving mechanism 26. The second device module 50 is suspended on two ropes 64 together with the drive unit 52 supported therein. The rope 64 is guided here by the hoist 62 of the lifting unit 60 along the upper top region 23 all the way to the mobile carriage 27, from which the rope 64 is guided via the deflecting roller to the second device module 50 and is releasably fastened thereto. In addition to the lifting function for lifting and lowering the slotting wall mill, the rope 64 can also be part of a displacement mechanism 26 for displacing at least the second device module 50 longitudinally along the upper guide rail 25.

For the civil engineering device 10 shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first supply unit 80 with a rotatable line drum 82 for a plurality of lines 84 is mounted on a first support carriage 86 on the left side of the load-bearing structure 20 with respect to the milling section 28. The line 84 can be a data line for the current or can also be configured for the supply of hydraulic energy or compressed air to the first device module 40 with the milling wheel 42. The first support carriage 86 is supported in the embodiment shown in a longitudinally movable and fixable manner not only along the guide rail 25 on the top region 23 but also along the guide rail 25 of the floor support 21. The first supply unit 80 is directly connected to the first device module 40.

On the right, a second supply unit 70 with a hose drum 72 and a line drum 73 is shown, which is rotatably supported in a second support carriage 76. The two winding drums of the winding machine 62 are also rotatably mounted on the second support carriage 76, which is movable and fixed longitudinally along the guide rail 25 on the upper top region 23. The second supply unit 70 is used for directly supplying the second device module 50. Of course, it is also possible to position the line drum 82, the hose drum 72 and the line drum 73 all in the

same supply unit

70, 80.

In fig. 1 to 4, a hose line 74 of the hose drum 72 is shown. The hose line 74 can be configured for draining the milled earth with a supporting liquid. The further line 75 on the line drum 73 can be an electrical line for control or measurement signals or be configured for the delivery or discharge of hydraulic fluid. Further feeding and discharging of the medium into the load-bearing structure 20 takes place in a usual manner by means of pipelines and hoses and is not shown for reasons of simplicity.

The first device module 40 is shown in detail in fig. 6. Two pairs of milling wheels 42 are rotatably supported on a basic frame 44 having a generally U-shaped cross-section. The two milling wheels 42 are rotatably mounted therein

43, the milling shield is arranged on the underside of the basic frame 44. The milling wheel 42 is provided on its outer side with teeth for removing earth material in a manner known in principle.

Between the two pairs of counter-rotating milling wheels 42 with respect to the centre, there is provided a suction pipe connection 45 for sucking out the milled earth material with surrounding supporting or milling liquid. On the basic frame 44, a milling drive 46 is provided for each pair of milling wheels 42. In principle, the drive can also be integrated into the milling wheel 42. Furthermore, as the first connection surface 48, vertical and horizontal surfaces are provided on the base frame 44, wherein through-holes 49 for screw connections can be provided. The receptacle 41 is used in connection with the first supply unit 80 as explained in detail in connection with fig. 10.

Fig. 7 shows a second installation module 50, which is formed by a box-shaped guide frame 54. The guide frame 54 corresponds approximately in its cross section to the milled cross section of the first device module 40, so that the slotting wall milling cutter is guided as a cutting mechanism by the guide frame 54 in the milling slot itself. For the position correction, a plate-like adjusting element 56 is provided, which can be adjusted in a manner known per se by means of hydraulic cylinders, by means of which a certain position adjustment can be achieved with respect to the wall of the milling groove.

A second connection surface 58 is provided on the guide frame 54, which enables a positionally accurate connection to the first connection surface 48 on the first device module 40. Inside the guide frame 54, a drive unit 52 is arranged, which is configured as a pumping mechanism. On the upper side of the guide frame 54, a holding mechanism 55 for positioning slings is provided in the middle region.

The first device module 40 and the second device module 50 can be mechanically connected to each other.

The previously mentioned mobile carriage 27 is shown in detail in fig. 8. This moving carriage 34 has a carriage frame 34 on the outer side of which four guide rollers 35 are rotatably supported. The moving carriage 27 is guided linearly by guide rollers 35 at or in the guide rail 25 of the guide mechanism 24 on the load-bearing structure 20.

The guide rollers 35 are each arranged opposite one another in pairs, a gap being formed between the two pairs, in which there are disposed in total two laterally opposite deflection rollers 36 for a rope 64 for holding the second device module 50 and thus the slotting wall mill. The rope 64, which is guided for example horizontally, is deflected vertically downwards by the hoisting machine 62 by means of the deflection roller 36. In order to divert the hose line 74 and the line 75 of the second supply unit 70, an arcuate, for example, quarter-round hose guide 37 is arranged on the carriage frame 34. The horizontally conveyed hose line 74 and the line 75 are diverted by these hose guides 37 into a vertical direction to the slotting wall mill.

The second supply unit 70 already mentioned is shown in detail in fig. 9. The second supply unit has a second support carriage 76 in which a hose roller 72 for a large hose line 74 for the fluid and a line roller 73 for two hydraulic hoses 75 and two electric lines 75 are rotatably supported. In addition, in the rear region of the second bearing carriage 76, the hoist drums of the hoist 62 for two ropes 64 running parallel to one another are rotatably supported. Along both side walls of the second bearing carriage 76, four guide rollers 35 are arranged uniformly distributed and rotatably supported. The second supply unit 70 is supported longitudinally movably along the guide rail 25 on the top region 23 of the load-bearing structure 20 by guide rollers 35.

In a similar manner, the first supply unit 80 is constructed as in fig. 10. This first supply unit comprises a first support carriage 86 on which the line drum 82 is rotatably supported. The first support carriage 86 is provided on its side walls with three upper guide rollers 35, respectively, which are guided linearly along the guide rails 25 on the top region 23 of the load-bearing structure 20. Furthermore, two lateral support rollers 38 are rotatably supported on the lower region of the first support carriage 86, which rest on the floor support 21 along the guide rail 25 and are guided linearly along the latter.

On the end face of the first support carriage 86, a quarter-round, arc-shaped deflection guide 88 is arranged, with which the line of the line drum 82 can be deflected from a horizontal direction into a vertical direction in the direction of the slotting wall mill.

The latch mechanism 89 is used to connect with the first device module 40 by: the locking mechanism is introduced into a receptacle 41 (see fig. 6) on the first device module 40, for example by: it is moved out horizontally by means of hydraulic cylinders. The first device module 40 can be lowered into the guide channel or lifted again after the grooving is completed by means of a lifting mechanism 90, which can for example comprise one or two hydraulic cylinders.

Fig. 11 to 16 show in detail the use of the civil engineering device 10 according to the invention and an embodiment of the method according to the invention for milling a milling groove in narrow space conditions.

Fig. 11 shows a layout of earthworking system 10 according to the invention in tunnel pipe 5 in the ground, which has a circular tunnel cross section in the partial cross section according to fig. 12. Before the civil engineering device 10 is introduced into the tubular tunnel 5, a guide channel 6 with a solid guide wall 7 is produced in a manner known in principle on the floor of the tunnel 5. The guide wall 7 can be constructed from concrete or be formed by the guide elements used, which are composed of concrete or steel. The guide groove 6 can have a depth of between 1m and 5m and can be produced in a manner known in principle, for example by means of an excavator or by means of a sword-shaped milling cutter. The guide groove 6 serves in a manner known per se for guiding a slotting wall mill along a guide wall 7 at the outset. For the method according to the invention, the guide groove additionally serves as a mounting space for mounting the first installation module 40 and connecting it to the second installation module 50, as will be explained in more detail below.

Civil engineering device 10, which is inserted into tunnel 5, corresponds to civil engineering device 10 described above and has, as a main component, a bracket-like support structure 20 in which first device module 40, second device module 50, and first and

second supply units

80 and 70 are guided and held in a linearly movable manner. The load bearing structure 20 is compatible with the tunnel 5, wherein the ground support 21 is supported on the ground of the tunnel 5 and the top region 23 of the load bearing structure 20 is supported on top of the tunnel 5. It is also possible that the civil engineering device 10 is not supported on top, but only on the ground. The tunnel 5 can have a diameter of, for example, 2m to 6 m. For correspondingly large tunnel cross sections, lateral support of civil engineering device 10 is also conceivable, wherein the lateral free space can be used as a personnel channel 18 for the operator. To form the personnel aisle 18, a walking grid 14 is placed on the laterally projecting lower horizontal support 12. For horizontally spaced apart device modules, the personnel aisle 18 can extend partially over the load-bearing structure 20 and partially through the

device modules

40, 50.

In a first method step according to fig. 13, the first device module 40 with the milling wheel 42 is connected to the first supply unit 80 by means of the locking mechanism 89 and is then lowered at least partially into the prefabricated guide channel 6 by means of the lifting mechanism 90, so that the second device module 50 can be moved along the support structure 20 onto the first device module 40. The second supply unit 70 can be moved and tracked in this case in correspondence with the second device module 50. In this position according to fig. 13 and 14, the first device module 40 can be assembled and connected to the second device module 50 in order to form a usable slotting wall mill 30 as a removal mechanism, which is shown in fig. 15 and 16.

After the mechanical connection between the two

device modules

40, 50 has been established, the locking state between the first device module 40 and the first supply unit 80 can be released by the locking mechanism 80. The cutting mechanism 30 can then be lowered into the ground by the slings 64 under the rotational movement of the milling wheel 42 and the earth removed for the formation of the milling groove. In principle, the hose line 74 and the line 75 of the second supply unit 70 can also be connected to the removal device 30, while the line 84 of the first supply unit 80 is fixedly connected. However, it is preferred that the lines between the first supply unit 80 and the first device module 30 and the lines between the second supply unit 70 and the second device module are each fixedly connected and no longer have to be connected during installation. The milled earth material can be pumped out through the suction pipe connection 45 by means of the drive unit 52 embodied as a pumping mechanism and is discharged outside the milling groove, which is a pit, into the tunnel pipe 5 by means of the hose line 74 and is discharged outside the tunnel pipe 5 from there.

After the desired final depth is reached, the excavating mechanism 30 can again be pulled back up and removed in the opposite manner. After earthworking apparatus 10 with load-bearing structure 20 has been moved to a new work area, either as a whole or by linearly moving

apparatus modules

40, 50 along load-bearing structure 20, the installation steps for reinstalling cutting mechanism 30 and for reinstalling the slot can then be repeated.

The support structure 20 can be constructed not only as a single component as described in the previous embodiment, but also in multiple pieces from multiple components that are spaced apart from one another or connected to one another by a swivel joint. To control the excavating mechanism 30, a console can be provided, which is preferably provided on the load bearing structure 20 or in the region of the excavating mechanism 30 itself. In principle, the removal means 30 can also be constructed directly on the removal means 30 without an aspiration means. The respective suction means can be arranged here in the region of the load-bearing structure 20. As an alternative, the suction means, in particular the pump, can be arranged on the first device module 40 with the milling wheel 42 or on the second device module 50 immediately above the milling wheel 42.

An alternative embodiment of the civil engineering device 10 according to the invention is shown in fig. 17. The device module 50 of the civil engineering device 10 has a cross section which covers the cross section of the tunnel 5 almost completely or to a large extent. The load-bearing structure 20 can be configured here as a rail arrangement along the tunnel 5. To realize the personnel aisle 18, an aisle is provided inside the device module, the floor of which forms a walking grid 14 for operating or maintenance personnel.

Claims

1. A civil engineering device for excavating earth formed from a plurality of device modules (40, 50) having:

- an excavation mechanism (30) constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50), and

- a load-bearing structure (20) for suspending and moving the excavating mechanism (30) along the vertical direction in the direction of excavation in order to form a hole in the ground,

- wherein the load-bearing structure additionally has a guide mechanism for conveying or transporting the separate device modules (40, 50) transversely to the direction of excavation, and

- wherein at said at least two plant modules (40, 50) a personnel passage (18) is constructed in said load-bearing structure (20), said personnel passage allowing persons to walk along said at least two plant modules ( 40, 50) to pass horizontally.

2. Civil engineering device according to claim 1,

It is characterized in that,

In or at all plant modules ( 40 , 50 ), personnel passages ( 18 ) are formed, which allow persons to pass horizontally along all plant modules ( 40 , 50 ).

3. A civil engineering device according to claim 1 or 2,

It is characterized in that,

The digging mechanism (30) includes a slotted wall milling cutter, a grabbing device and a drilling device.

4. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

It is characterized in that,

At least one further device module is provided, which has a guide frame (54).

5. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

It is characterized in that,

The load-bearing structure (20) has at least one guide rail (25), along which the individual plant modules (40, 50) are displaceably supported transversely to slots extending in the direction of excavation.

6. A civil engineering device according to claim 5,

It is characterized in that,

A movement mechanism (26) with a movement drive for moving the device modules (40, 50) is provided.

7. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

It is characterized in that,

The device module (40, 50) has a connection surface (48, 58) on which a releasable connection is arranged.

8. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

It is characterized in that,

The load-bearing structure (20) extends along a working area in which notches or boreholes are cut alongside one another as potholes.

9. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

It is characterized in that,

At least one lifting unit (60) for vertically moving the digging mechanism (30) along the driving direction is arranged on the load-bearing structure (20).

10. A civil engineering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,

It is characterized in that,

At least one supply unit (70, 80) having at least one hose drum and/or line drum (72, 73, 82) is arranged on the supporting structure (20).

11. Excavation mechanism, in particular for a civil engineering device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10,

It is characterized in that,

The excavation mechanism (30) is constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50), which have substantially the same height along the direction of excavation, and

At least two device modules (40, 50) of the excavation mechanism have a personnel passage (18) which is oriented transversely to the direction of advancement of the excavation mechanism (30).

12. A civil engineering device according to claim 11,

It is characterized in that,

One or two doors are arranged for laterally closing the personnel passage (18).

13. Civil engineering method for excavating earth with a civil engineering device (10) in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein

- arrange the load-bearing structure (20) with the guide mechanism (24) and

- arranging the excavation mechanism (30) on the load-bearing structure (20) and lowering it vertically in the direction of excavation into the ground, whereby earth is excavated in the working area and a hole is thus formed ,

- wherein the excavation device (30) is constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50), which are transported separately from each other to the working area by means of a guide device (24) and in the working area are connected to each other to form the scooping mechanism (30), and

- wherein at least two plant modules (40, 50) a personnel passage (18) is constructed in the load-bearing structure (20), through which personnel can pass horizontally in the load-bearing structure (20) The at least two device modules (40, 50).

14. The method of claim 13,

It is characterized in that,

producing at least two potholes side by side, wherein after the first pothole is produced, the removal mechanism (30) is pulled out of the first pothole with the device modules (40, 50) separated back, and

In order to form another hole, the device module (40, 50) is moved along the guide mechanism (24) and it is connected again to the excavation mechanism (30), and then in the case of excavating earth material Lower the digging mechanism into the ground.

15. A method according to claim 13 or 14,

It is characterized in that,

The load-bearing structure is arranged in the ground inside the tunnel (5).