Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
  • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
  • B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
  • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for operating an energy store for electrical energy, the energy store having a state of charge range and an operating range being specified which lies within the state of charge range.
• the invention also relates to a corresponding battery management system as well as a motor vehicle and a computer program.
• Accumulators or rechargeable batteries age due to different physical effects.
• an electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries can age more intensely at high cell voltages, i.e. in particular at high states of charge, and at high temperatures, while, for example, a copper arrester at the anode can age more intensely at a lower cell voltage, i.e. at a lower state of charge.
• an operating range for the rechargeable battery is therefore permanently specified, so that specific partial areas of the state of charge range, in particular in an area of maximum and minimum charge, are left out in order to prevent excessive aging.
• Opposite user behavior could, for example, be such that a user only charges the battery for a short time in order to ensure a minimum necessary capacity, but usually charges the battery the lower part of the state of charge or operating range, which, depending on temperature zones or seasons, can have a negative impact on the service life.
• this object is achieved by a method
• the improved concept is based on the idea of determining cumulative aging indicators and adapting the operating area, in particular a position of the operating area, as a function of the aging indicators in order to adapt the user behavior
• a method for operating an energy store for electrical energy that is to say an accumulator, or a battery for short, is specified, the energy store having a state of charge range.
• an operating range of the energy store is specified, in particular by means of a battery management system, the operating range within, in particular completely within, the
• Aging functions are each determined by means of a control unit, in particular the battery management system, one or more aging indicators accumulated over an operating period of the energy store.
• An upper limit value and / or a lower limit value of the operating range is adapted as a function of the one or more accumulated aging indicators by means of the control unit in order to define an adapted operating range, that is to say to adapt the operating range.
• a state of charge of the energy store is indicated by means of the control unit adapted operating range limited, in particular during charging and / or discharging of the energy store.
• the state of charge range is in particular a range of values that a state of charge (SOC) of the energy store can assume. It is therefore a range of values between complete discharge and complete charge of the energy store.
• the state of charge can be specified as a percentage of the maximum possible charge of the energy store, so that the state of charge range by definition extends from 0% to 100%.
• the state of charge can also be specified in relation to the electrical charge stored in the energy store, for example in Ah, so that the state of charge range extends from 0 Ah to a maximum charge of the energy store in Ah.
• the state of charge of the energy store can be understood as that charge capacity of the energy store that is required for the respective
• Time is available in relation to a nominal maximum charge value.
• a state of charge of X% therefore means that the energy store is still one
• the operating range of the energy store is, in particular, a range to which the state of charge is limited in an actual operation of the energy store by means of a battery management system.
• the operating range lies completely within the state of charge range. That is, the lower limit of the operating range is greater than or equal to a minimum value of the
• State of charge range that is greater than or equal to 0%
• the upper limit value of the operating range is less than or equal to a maximum value of the state of charge range, that is to say less than or equal to 100%. For example, if the state of charge reaches the lower limit of the operating range, the control unit ensures that the
• Energy store no further charge is taken, further use of the energy store for supplying energy to an electrical consumer is then no longer possible. If the state of charge reaches the upper limit of the operating range by charging the energy store, the control unit ensures that no further charge can be introduced into the energy store, so that charging can no longer be continued.
• the lower limit value can have a first distance of 0% and the upper limit value a second distance of 100%. This will avoid that the state of charge is too close to the values 0% and 100%, which can be associated with particularly severe aging of the energy storage device.
• Operating range are, for example, symmetrically within the state of charge range, so that the first and the second distance are the same.
• the energy store is in particular an accumulator or storage battery or a rechargeable battery.
• it can be a battery for driving an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle or a battery for an electronic device, for example a computer or a mobile radio device, a smartphone, a notebook or the like.
• the energy store can contain, for example, a lithium ion accumulator, for example a lithium polymer accumulator, a lithium cobalt dioxide accumulator, a lithium iron phosphate accumulator or another
• Accumulator which shows increased aging at a state of charge close to 0% and / or a state of charge close to 100%, in particular in comparison to a state of charge of about 50%.
• the aging index can be, for example, a relative aging rate of the energy store due to one or more specific aging mechanisms, which contributes to an overall aging rate of the energy store.
• the aging of the energy store can result, for example, in a reduced total charge capacity or in a reduced remaining service life of the energy store.
• the aging index can, for example, indicate how great the aging rate is Is compared to a reference aging rate.
• the reference aging rate can be, for example, a relative aging rate of the energy store due to one or more specific aging mechanisms, which contributes to an overall aging rate of the energy store.
• the aging of the energy store can result, for example, in a reduced total charge capacity or in a reduced remaining service life of the energy store.
• the aging index can, for example, indicate how great the aging rate is Is compared to a reference aging rate.
• the reference aging rate can
• the reference state of charge can for example be in a range from 30 to 60%.
• the aging index indicates in particular how much the energy store ages in a given state, for example a given temperature and / or a given state of charge, due to the corresponding aging mechanisms. In particular, the aging index is not an actually given aging of the energy store.
• An aging function is, in particular, a function which assigns a corresponding aging index to a charge state of the energy store.
• aging mechanisms for example reflect one or more aging mechanisms.
• a first aging function can be used for relatively small values of the
• the state of charge can be relatively large and decrease as the state of charge increases.
• the first aging function thus describes, for example, an aging mechanism that leads to severe aging in the case of relatively small states of charge and is less important in the case of larger states of charge.
• a second aging function can, for example, be relatively small in the case of low state of charge values and increase as the state of charge rises, and can assume a relatively large value itself in the case of relatively large states of charge.
• the second aging function can therefore describe, for example, one or more aging mechanisms that occur more intensely with high states of charge and are less important for smaller states of charge.
• each aging function can be assigned to a sub-area of the state of charge area, that is to say a sub-area in which the energy store ages particularly strongly.
• the operating time of the energy store is in particular a time that has elapsed since a reference point in time, with periods of time within which the energy store was neither charged nor discharged, for example from the
• Aging functions can be determined by means of the control unit.
• the function values determined in this way are, for example, added up over the operating period for each aging function and then represent the one or more accumulated aging indicators.
• Aging functions precisely determine a cumulative aging index over the operating life of the energy storage device.
• Each of the aging functions can, for example, be defined and specified continuously or discretely, in particular uniformly, over the entire state of charge range.
• the control unit restricts the state of charge of the energy store to the operating range, for example.
• a position of the operating range can advantageously be adjusted depending on user behavior, which is directly included in the determination of the accumulated aging indicators, that one or more critical parts of the
• State of charge area can be specifically left out.
• the aging rate of the energy store can be particularly high, for example, so that the overall aging rate, in particular the average aging rate, is reduced and the service life of the
• the user behavior decides whether the state of charge is more frequently in an upper or in a lower sub-range of the state of charge range or the operating range.
• a symmetrical positioning of the operating area is therefore not necessarily optimal.
• the cumulative aging indicators reflect how often
• Operating range can then take place specifically in such a way that less severe aging, so less strongly increasing cumulative aging indicators are to be expected over the further operation of the energy storage device.
• a time profile of the cumulative aging indicators can be taken into account.
• it can be taken into account whether past adjustments to the limit values of the operating range resulted in a slowing down of the increase in the cumulative aging indicators. If this is not the case, the direction of the adaptation of the limit values can be inverted when there is a renewed adaptation.
• Aging function is used. By including the time profile, a basis for comparison can be created for the single cumulative aging indicator.
• the lower limit value is increased by means of the control unit depending on a result of the comparison, the upper limit value not being changed, or the upper limit value being reduced, the lower limit value not being changed, or the lower and upper limit values in each case, that is to say in particular both, reduced or in each case, that is to say in particular both, increased.
• the variable that is dependent on the cumulative aging index can be the corresponding cumulative aging index itself, in particular if only one accumulated aging index and only one associated aging function are used. If two aging functions are used and there are correspondingly two accumulated aging indicators, the size can in particular be a difference between the accumulated aging indicators.
• the operating range is adapted in such a way that it differs from a critical sub-range of the
• a first cumulative aging index of the cumulative aging index is determined by means of the control unit on the basis of a first aging function of the predefined aging functions.
• the control unit is specified using a second aging function
• Aging functions a second cumulative aging indicator of the cumulative
• the control unit determines a difference between the first and the second cumulative aging index, and the difference is compared, in particular, with a predetermined maximum difference value. If the difference is greater than the predetermined maximum difference value, the lower and the upper limit value of the operating range are increased by means of the control unit or the lower and the upper limit value of the operating range are decreased.
• the first aging function relates to a
• Energy store in a first sub-area of the state of charge range, and the second aging function relates to an aging behavior, in particular an aging rate, of the energy store in a second sub-range of the state of charge range.
• the first sub-area lies below the second sub-area.
• both limit values can be increased so that the operating range is shifted overall to higher state of charge values. If, on the other hand, the sign of the difference is such that the first aging index is smaller than the second aging index, then, for example, the two limit values are reduced, that is, the operating range is shifted to smaller state of charge values.
• the method can regulate itself, in particular if it is carried out iteratively several times, so that after a certain time or a certain amount of time Number of adjustments of the operating range an optimal position of the
• Operating range can be set, in particular without affecting the entire
• an automatic adjustment of the operating range can also take place in the event of changing user behavior, since, by taking into account the difference, the limit values of the operating range, for example, always take place in such a way that an increase in the difference in the aging indicators is counteracted.
• the first sub-range of the state of charge range lies in particular in an area around the minimum value of the state of charge range, that is to say in an area of 0%, or the first sub-range is itself limited by the minimum value, that is, it begins at 0%.
• the second sub-range of the state of charge range lies in particular in the vicinity of the maximum value of the state of charge range or the minimum value itself is limited, that is to say ends at 100%.
• each state of charge value that lies in the first sub-range is smaller than each state of charge value that lies in the second sub-range.
• the first aging function has an absolute maximum in the first partial range, in particular at the minimum value, for example at 0%.
• the first aging function thus describes one or more aging mechanisms that lead to increased aging at low state of charge values.
• Aging mechanisms can include anode corrosion, for example.
• the second aging function has an absolute maximum in the second sub-range, in particular at the maximum value
• the second aging function describes in particular one or more
• Such aging mechanisms can include electrolyte aging, for example.
• the first and / or the second aging function can in particular be determined empirically or be determined by experimental measurements. This enables a particularly exact description of the aging of the energy store as a function of the state of charge.
• the first and / or the second aging function can also be based on
• the first aging function can decrease linearly or quadratically from the absolute maximum in the first partial area.
• the second aging function can, for example, increase linearly or quadratically up to the absolute maximum in the second partial range.
• the upper and lower limit values of the operating range are increased or decreased by the same value in each case.
• the state of charge range which is allocated to the operating range, remains constant as a result of the adjustment.
• the steps of determining the cumulative aging indicators, adapting the operating range and limiting the state of charge of the energy store are repeated iteratively.
• a value of the charge state of the energy store is determined by means of the control unit for a plurality of repetitions, a function value for the value of the charge state is determined for each of the one or more aging functions, and each of the function values is added to a respective sum variable.
• the one or more cumulative aging indicators are determined by means of the control unit as a function of the sum variables.
• the sum variables can, for example, be equal to zero at the reference operating time and then be filled up over the operation of the energy store as described.
• the function value for the value of the state of charge is in particular the respective function value of the aging function at the given value of the state of charge.
• the respective cumulative aging index can therefore in particular be the respective sum variable after a certain number of repetitions. That is, the comparison of the difference with the maximum difference value is
• the respective cumulative aging index of the sum variables can be made accordingly after each repetition, so that the comparison and the adjustment of the operating range can take place after each repetition.
• the aging indicators are determined in particular by simply adding up aging-specific indicators, so that an actual analysis of the aging status of the energy store is not required.
• a size is the adapted
• the size of the operating range or the adapted operating range corresponds in particular to a difference between the upper limit value and the lower limit value or the upper adapted and the lower adapted limit value.
• a first distance of the lower limit value from a minimum value of the state of charge range is determined by means of the control unit and / or a second distance of the upper limit value from a maximum value of the state of charge range is determined.
• the control unit does not reduce the lower limit value to define the adapted operating range if the first distance is smaller than a predefined first minimum distance and / or the upper limit value is not increased to define the adapted operating range if the second distance is greater than a predefined one second
• the minimum value and the maximum value of the state of charge range can in particular be the lower and the upper limit of the state of charge range.
• the minimum value is therefore in particular 0%, the maximum value in particular 100%.
• Operating range can be limited to the minimum distances.
• a battery management system for an energy store for electrical energy is specified, the energy store having a state of charge range.
• the battery management system includes a state of charge sensor and a
• the state of charge sensor is set up to determine a state of charge of the energy store and to generate a sensor signal based thereon, that is to say on the determined state of charge.
• the control unit is set up to limit operation of the energy store as a function of the sensor signal to a predetermined operating range, the predetermined operating range being within the state of charge range.
• the control unit is designed to use one or more aging functions to determine one or more cumulative aging indicators, in particular as a function of the sensor signal.
• the control unit is set up to set an upper limit value or a lower limit value
• the state of charge sensor contains a voltage sensor which is set up and arranged to determine an output voltage or a counting voltage of the energy store and to generate the sensor signal based thereon. According to at least one embodiment, it is the
• Battery management system to a battery management system for a fully or partially electrically driven motor vehicle or an electronic device, for example a smartphone, a tablet computer or a notebook.
• the battery management system can be set up or programmed to carry out a method according to the improved concept, or the battery management system carries out such a method.
• a motor vehicle which has an energy store for at least partially electrically driving the motor vehicle, the motor vehicle having a battery management system for the energy store according to the improved concept.
• a computer program is specified with commands which, when the
• Computer program by means of a computer system, in particular by means of a control unit of a battery management system according to the improved concept, cause the computer system to carry out a method for operating an energy store according to the improved concept.
• a computer-readable storage medium is specified on which a computer program according to the improved concept is stored.
• Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a motor vehicle according to the
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the improved concept
• the motor vehicle 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a motor vehicle 1 according to the improved concept.
• the motor vehicle 1 has a
• Energy store 2 which can be designed, for example, as a lithium ion battery, and a battery management system 3 based on the improved concept in order to control operation of the energy store 2.
• the battery management system 3 has a state of charge sensor 4 which is set up, for example, to determine a cell voltage of the energy store 2.
• the battery management system 3 also has a control unit 5 which is connected to the charge state sensor 4 in order to receive a sensor signal generated by the charge state sensor 4 as a function of the determined cell voltage.
• the control unit 5 can depending on the sensor signal
• the charge characteristic can, for example, be stored in an optional storage medium 6 of the
• the storage medium 6 can for example also contain a computer program according to the improved concept.
• the control unit 5 can, in particular, have read access to the storage medium 6 in order to carry out a method according to the improved concept.
• FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the improved concept, as it is, for example, from a
• Battery management system 3 as shown in FIG. 1, can be executed.
• a state of charge area 7 of the energy store 2 is shown by way of example as a bar.
• the state of charge range 7 has a minimum value 7a and a
• Maximum value 7b the minimum value 7a, for example, corresponding to 0% and the maximum value 7b, for example, corresponding to 100% of the maximum available charging capacity of the energy store 2.
• step 13 of the method in particular by means of the control unit 5, a
• Operating range 8 corresponds, for example, to a part, in particular to one
• State of charge range 7 for example, the same distance as a lower limit value 8a of the operating range 8 from a minimum value 7a of the state of charge range 7. It should be noted that the initial position of the operating range is not relevant for the improved concept and is only assumed to be typically symmetrical.
• the lithium-ion battery of the energy store 2 can show increased aging in the case of particularly small and particularly large states of charge.
• first aging function 9 and a second aging function 10 which can be stored, for example, on the storage medium 6 and are shown schematically in Figure a) of FIG. 2.
• the aging functions 9, 10 assign a respective aging index to a state of charge value SOC in percent.
• the aging functions 9, 10 can be determined empirically, for example.
• the first aging function 9 is in particular at a maximum at a state of charge of 0%, then drops and is then approximately negligibly small at values of 40% or greater.
• the second aging function 10 is at very low state of charge values negligible, increases at values from approx. 30 to 40% and finally reaches its absolute maximum at 100%.
• the first aging function 9 can, for example, describe corrosion of a copper conductor on an anode of the energy store 2, which can lead to increased aging at low cell voltages, that is to say in particular at a low state of charge.
• the second aging function 10, can, for example, be a
• the control unit 5 can, for example, determine a first and a second cumulative aging index 11, 12 based on the aging functions 9, 10 and an actual usage behavior of the energy store 2.
• a time profile of the cumulative aging indicators 11, 12 is shown as an example.
• the time course of the cumulative aging indicators 11, 12 can be determined, for example, in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store 2 is determined by means of the state of charge sensor 4 and the control unit 5 in accordance with a sampling scheme, in particular in accordance with a predetermined sampling rate, and respective functional values in accordance with the aging functions 9, 10 be calculated.
• the function values are summed up over an operating period of the energy store 2, for example, and rise accordingly, the rise in the different accumulated aging indicators over time depending on the specific user behavior.
• the first cumulative aging index increases more strongly the more often or the longer the energy store 2 is in a low state of charge, that is to say in particular in the vicinity of the lower limit value 8a.
• the second cumulative aging index 12 then rises all the more the more often or the longer the energy store 2 is in a relatively high state of charge, that is to say in particular in the vicinity of the upper limit value 8b.
• the energy store 2 is more frequently in high charge state ranges than in low charge state ranges.
• This can be the case with motor vehicle 1, for example, when it regularly only covers relatively short distances before energy store 2 is recharged.
• the second cumulative aging index rises more strongly over time than the first cumulative aging index 11.
• the difference between the two aging indexes also increases over time, the difference being calculated from the second cumulative aging index minus the first cumulative aging index 11, for example positive.
• step 15 of the method the difference between the cumulative aging indicators 11, 12 is determined by means of the control unit 5.
• the determined difference is compared with a predetermined maximum difference value.
• the maximum difference value can correspond, for example, to a maximum tolerated difference between the cumulative aging indicators 11, 12, up to which there is still no reaction by means of an adaptation of the limit values 8a, 8b. This can be advantageous because the difference between the two cumulative aging indicators 11, 12 does not necessarily increase continuously and, in particular, can also decrease depending on user behavior.
• step 16 If it is determined in step 16 that the difference between the accumulated data
• Aging indicators 11, 12 is greater than the maximum difference value, the position of the operating range 8 is shifted, for example, in such a way that a smaller increase in the difference is to be expected in the future.
• the direction of the shift depends on whether the difference is positive or negative, i.e. whether the second cumulative aging index is greater or less than the second cumulative aging index 11.
• step 16 the two current limit values 8a, 8b with the corresponding minimum and maximum values 7a, 7b of the
• State of charge area 7 are compared. For example, a distance between the upper limit value 8b and the maximum value 7b can be calculated and compared with an associated minimum distance. Correspondingly, a distance between the lower limit value 8a and the minimum value 7a can be determined and compared with a further associated minimum distance.
• FIG. 3 Different situations are shown in FIG. In figure a) of FIG. 3, the second aging function 10 and the operating range 8 are shown. In Figure b) of FIG. 3, the first aging function 9 and also the operating range 8 are shown.
• Aging indicators 11, 12 are shown, as they are also shown in Figure b) of FIG. 2 is shown, that is, the second aging index 12 is greater than the first cumulative aging index 11, so that the difference is positive.
• the operating range 8 is adapted in step 17 of the method, for example, in such a way that an adapted operating range 8 'results in that the two limit values 8a, 8b of the operating range 8 are each reduced by the same value to match the adapted limit values 8a', 8b '
• Figure d) of FIG. 3 shows the opposite situation in which the first cumulative aging index 11 is greater than the second cumulative aging index 12, so that the difference that was formed in step 15 of the method is negative.
• Figure c) of FIG. 3 shows a user behavior which is opposite to that shown in Figure c) of FIG. 3, according to which therefore rather low states of charge of the energy store 2 prevail.
• the operating range 8 can be shifted upwards, i.e. to larger values of the state of charge, by the adapted operating range 8 "with associated upper and lower limit values 8a", 8b " to obtain.
• the adaptation can optionally be omitted if the associated minimum distance between the upper limit value 8b and the maximum value 7b of the state of charge range 7 has already been reached.
• steps 14, 15 and 16 can be carried out again, so that a continuous adjustment of the Operating area 8 takes place, for example, in order to gradually achieve an optimal position of operating area 8 in accordance with the current user situation or current user behavior.
• the aging of the energy store can thus be achieved by adapting the position of the operating range, for example using a
• the software function determines, for example, the optimal position of the operating range with regard to aging by adding two
• Damage sizes are determined and compared. If faster aging is identified at the upper limit of the operating range than at the lower limit, the position of the operating range is shifted downwards, otherwise it is shifted upwards.
• the aging of energy stores is reduced according to the improved concept by a position of the operating area that is adapted to the actual conditions of use.
• the battery life can be increased even with very different user behavior.
• This increase in service life is advantageous, for example, for various electronic devices, for example computers or smartphones, and in particular for fully electric motor vehicles or plug-in hybrids.
• the improved concept can, however, be used to advantage for all corresponding aging mechanisms

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-05-31 DE DE102019003823.1A patent/DE102019003823A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-05-20 CN CN202080038177.4A patent/CN113875117A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-05-20 WO PCT/EP2020/064071 patent/WO2020239577A1/de unknown
  • 2020-05-20 EP EP20727608.0A patent/EP3977587A1/de active Pending

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