EP3974760A1 - Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides - Google Patents

Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3974760A1
EP3974760A1 EP20198087.7A EP20198087A EP3974760A1 EP 3974760 A1 EP3974760 A1 EP 3974760A1 EP 20198087 A EP20198087 A EP 20198087A EP 3974760 A1 EP3974760 A1 EP 3974760A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recuperator
segments
triple
recuperator according
periodic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20198087.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dan-Adrian MOLDOVAN
Bernd-Henning FELLER
Jens TE KAAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kueppers Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Kueppers Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kueppers Solutions GmbH filed Critical Kueppers Solutions GmbH
Priority to EP20198087.7A priority Critical patent/EP3974760A1/fr
Publication of EP3974760A1 publication Critical patent/EP3974760A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/18—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes sintered
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/20—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes with nanostructures

Definitions

  • 3D printing offers the possibility of complex geometries, such as B to integrate a TPMS into a recuperator.
  • a TPMS is a surface in space that has locally minimal surface area. Such forms take, for example, soap skins when stretched over an appropriate frame (such as a bubble ring). Since TPMS structures are two-channel, they are suitable for use in recuperators.
  • recuperators are required in particular for installation in or for use with industrial burners. With these, as much heat as possible should be transferred between the outflowing hot and the inflowing cold medium in the smallest possible space with the lowest possible pressure losses.
  • other gaseous or liquid media can in principle also be the object of the recuperator.
  • recuperator is located inside the burner unit.
  • the heat-emitting medium flows from the combustion chamber along the same path, but in the opposite direction to the heat-absorbing medium, through the recuperator.
  • central recuperators With so-called "central recuperators”, the exhaust gas or the oxidizer is routed through a recuperator that is not located in the burner unit.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage of high heat transfer surfaces that can be realized, but has the disadvantage of long transport routes and line losses as well as a high construction volume.
  • recuperators that are integrated into the burner unit are known in the prior art. They are more compact in design, continuously heat up the combustion air and have no transport losses.
  • recuperator casing surrounding the recuperator represents the outer sealing plane for the exhaust gas.
  • the recuperator casing can either belong to the burner unit or be formed by a component enclosing the burner unit.
  • recuperators z. B. installed in burner blocks that have an internal cylindrical recess. The recuperator is then pushed into this recess and the burner block becomes the recuperator casing. Burners of this type are also often built into radiant tubes. The part of the steel tube into which the recuperator is inserted then forms the recuperator casing.
  • the performance of a recuperator depends, among other things, on its geometry and surface. Both factors can be influenced in different ways. Additive manufacturing can be used to create heat exchanger structures that cannot be produced using conventional production processes. Due to the high production accuracy of additive manufacturing of 20 - 30 ⁇ m, very compact structures with large surfaces can also be realized, which enable significantly improved heat transfer and thus optimized use of the exhaust heat.
  • 3D printing also offers other advantages. This includes, for example, the division into partial flows of two main flows flowing in the opposite direction, both the input and the output main flow, can be divided into a large number of small partial flows in the smallest possible space with a simultaneously low pressure loss. After passing through the recuperator, these are combined again to form a main stream. Additive manufacturing is particularly well suited for such complex duct systems.
  • TPMS structures are also subject to particular problems. For example, they get dirty very easily or become clogged with liquids.
  • the invention initially proposes providing a recuperator for gaseous or liquid media with triple-periodic minimal surfaces with openings on all sides. Production residues or surpluses as well as contamination occurring during use can be flushed out through these openings either mechanically or e.g. by means of an ultrasonic treatment and subjected to cleaning, and condensate drainage is also possible through this. Both the two channels and only one of the two channels can be provided with openings on all sides. In the case of a tight-fitting recuperator jacket, it is conceivable to provide circumferential openings in both channels and to seal these via the recuperator jacket. However, it is just as possible to provide openings according to the invention around only one channel, specifically the exhaust gas channel.
  • the respective segments have cleaning openings.
  • the corresponding triple-periodic minimal surfaces within the cartridges can be cleaned easily and inexpensively.
  • the recuperators according to the invention can thus be operated continuously without major downtimes, in that only individual segments are always removed and cleaned or serviced or, in special cases, also completely replaced.
  • the inside of the cartridges can be cleaned, for example, using a simple round or bottle brush, which is inserted through the appropriate cleaning opening, i.e. an opening in the outer wall of the cartridge.
  • An ultrasonic bath for example, can be considered as a possible alternative. Constant cleaning has proven to be necessary in practice, since the fine structures of the triple-periodic minimal surfaces tend to become clogged and easily soiled, so that the recuperator then fails in its performance.
  • recuperator 3D production sometimes comes up against technical, financial and spatial limits for larger recuperators.
  • a recuperator for gaseous or liquid media with triple periodic minimum surfaces and a recuperator provided with openings on all sides is produced in segments and assembled from these.
  • the performance of the recuperator can be influenced in a particularly suitable manner by changing the geometries and surfaces.
  • the required adaptation and variation can easily be achieved using a modular system with a number of standardized segments.
  • segment structures with a triple periodic minimal surface (TPMS)
  • the two channels can be both congruent and be constructed differently.
  • the choice of such a TPMS structure results in a turbulent and permanently deflected flow, which further improves the heat transfer within the recuperator.
  • a segmented structure in the form of exchangeable cartridges opens up the possibility of specifically adapting each recuperator to the respective installation and application situation and changed conditions in an advantageous manner.
  • any desired recuperator output can be defined and implemented via their number and arrangement.
  • the standardized cartridges can be manufactured inexpensively as equal parts in large quantities, e.g. using the new 3D printing process "binder jetting".
  • each cartridge is easier to adapt to the conditions at each point of the recuperator.
  • the cleaning openings are also of great advantage for the production process of binder jetting: First, a so-called “green body” is produced in a powder bed. This green compact is then freed from the internal powder before the subsequent sintering process. Through the openings, the powder can be easily removed from the interior of the recuperator green body before sintering and is accessible from all sides.
  • the cleaning openings can be suitable for condensate drainage after sintering. This is also of particular importance in the case of the recuperator according to the invention, so that with this it is also possible to recover excess energy from the exhaust gas in the manner of condensing technology, since condensate always occurs when generating energy from the water vapor.
  • the invention further provides that the segments are sealed from one another only via one sealing level, while a second sealing level is formed via the recuperator casing enclosing the segments. This will make the Significantly reduced effort when setting up larger structures, only one housing is required as the second sealing level. The necessary mechanical processing is reduced to a minimum. This saves additional seals and increases the tightness.
  • the sealing planes of the individual segments can be braced against each other by spring force.
  • the spring can advantageously be located outside of the recuperator in order to also protect it from the effects of heat.
  • the segments can also be positioned relative to one another and clamped to one another via rods, rods or the gas lance. Additional components can be dispensed with by using the gas lance. Rods, rods or the gas lance can also be cooled with cold combustion air via a bypass in order to protect them.
  • the individual segments in the network can also be designed as a cross-flow recuperator. This has the advantage that a more homogeneous temperature distribution is established over several segments lined up in a row.
  • selected segments are designed in such a way that the exhaust gas temperature falls below 59° C. when natural gas is burned and the exhaust gas condenses. This means that energy can also be obtained from the water vapour. This effect is even more pronounced with hydrogen combustion, since the exhaust gas from hydrogen combustion has a 60% greater water load than comparable natural gas combustion.
  • the threefold periodic minimal surfaces are fluidically optimized as much as possible, eg as gyroid, double gyroid, black-P, diamond, as gyroid with a rectangularly arranged cell structure, cylindrically arranged cell structure or spherically arranged cell structure.
  • the selection and combination can be optimized so that the strongest possible turbulence or the lowest possible pressure losses occur in each segment when the gaseous or liquid medium flows through. It can also be optimized to the effect that the greatest possible power can be transmitted in the smallest possible space.
  • Segments with different benefits can also be staggered one behind the other, such that a coarser pitch and larger cell sizes and segments are followed by finer pitches and/or cell sizes.
  • This has the advantage that the pressure loss within the recuperator can be positively influenced. The hotter the respective area in the recuperator, the larger the cell size selected there. Gaseous media expand significantly depending on the temperature, so that the flow velocities in the hot area are significantly greater than in colder areas. The pressure losses resulting from the higher flow speeds can be counteracted by using larger cells.
  • the cell sizes can be mapped within the individual segments using a parameterizable CAD model.
  • the advantage of this is that a large number of variants can be created in a very short time. Since there are no device costs in 3D printing, a recuperator can be configured without additional costs, which is customized exactly to the requirements at hand.
  • the parameters can be selected in such a way that the lowest possible pressure losses occur in each segment.
  • the structure and application of the segments can also be selected in such a way that the exhaust gas condenses in a previously precisely defined area and can be diverted from there in a targeted manner.
  • the advantage is that the other areas of the recuperator remain free of condensation.
  • a recuperator 1 for gaseous or liquid media has several elements with triple periodic minimum surfaces (TPMS) 2, 2', 2" - 2n and two channels 3, 4 each, with channel 3 as an exhaust gas channel and channel 4 as a supply channel for a gaseous or liquid medium is used Cell sizes may vary, as exemplified in FIG Figures 2a - 2c emerges.
  • the recuperator 1 according to the invention with triple-periodic minimal surfaces 2, 2', 2" -2n is as shown in FIG 4 shows, in individual recuperator segments 5, 5 ', 5' - 5 n divided, as from 4 can be seen, lined up and assembled, each via a single sealing plane 6.
  • the recuperator segments 5, 5 ', 5 "- 5 n are, for example, disc-shaped.
  • the elements 5, 5', 5" - 5 n have a Implementation 7 for a gas lance 13 and electrodes not shown.
  • the recuperator elements 5, 5′, 5′′ -5n have further openings 8 on all sides in addition to the openings 16 on the inlet and outlet side. These are used both for cleaning and for draining off condensate.
  • a recuperative burner 14 composed of several segments 5, 5′, 5′′ -5n is exemplified figure 5 evident.
  • Both channels 3, 4 or only one of the two can be provided with openings 8 according to the invention. If the recuperator jacket 11 fits tightly, openings can be provided in both channels 3, 4, which are sealed by the jacket 11.
  • at least one duct, namely the exhaust gas duct 3, has openings 8 running around it.
  • the multi-part, segmental or cartridge-wise structure according to the invention with concentric sealing surfaces 6 results in a minimized Installation space with high efficiency, ie a maximized heat transfer from hot exhaust gas to the gaseous or liquid medium supplied to the flame.
  • TPMS structures 2, 2', 2" - 2 n simultaneously guarantee low pressure losses and high heat transfers due to the turbulence that occurs.
  • the segment structures can be designed differently in the various elements, from coarser structures on the inlet side to finer structures on the outlet side.
  • FIG. 7 Figure 12 shows other alternative triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) segments, namely a Lidinoid 18, a Black-P 19, and a Diamond 20.
  • TPMS triply periodic minimal surface
  • the cell structure can look like 8 evident, also cylindrical or, as from 9 evident, also be arranged spherically.
  • the gas lance 13 can serve as a pulling element.
  • recuperator segments 5, 5′, 5′′ -5n are surrounded by a recuperator jacket 11, which forms a second sealing level.
  • an external spring element 12 is provided so that it is exposed to as little heat as possible.
  • the desired flame 15 forms on the open outlet side of the recuperative burner 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP20198087.7A 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides Pending EP3974760A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20198087.7A EP3974760A1 (fr) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20198087.7A EP3974760A1 (fr) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3974760A1 true EP3974760A1 (fr) 2022-03-30

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EP20198087.7A Pending EP3974760A1 (fr) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Récupérateur pour média gazeux ou liquides

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115502413A (zh) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-23 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种tpms多孔散热装置和利用镀铜金刚石/铜复合材料slm增材制造其的方法
WO2024091173A1 (fr) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-02 Bättre Design Göteborg Ab Dispositif de chauffage de liquide et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage de liquide

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180187984A1 (en) * 2017-01-03 2018-07-05 Titan Tensor LLC Monolithic Bicontinuous Labyrinth Structures and Methods For Their Manufacture
US20200033070A1 (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Andreas Vlahinos Minimal surface heat exchanger
CN111159903A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 重庆邮电大学 一种紧凑型多通道多流体热交换装置的设计和制造方法
EP3709206A1 (fr) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-16 United Technologies Corporation Procédé de création d'un composant par transformation d'éléments de volume représentatifs

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180187984A1 (en) * 2017-01-03 2018-07-05 Titan Tensor LLC Monolithic Bicontinuous Labyrinth Structures and Methods For Their Manufacture
US20200033070A1 (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Andreas Vlahinos Minimal surface heat exchanger
EP3709206A1 (fr) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-16 United Technologies Corporation Procédé de création d'un composant par transformation d'éléments de volume représentatifs
CN111159903A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 重庆邮电大学 一种紧凑型多通道多流体热交换装置的设计和制造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115502413A (zh) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-23 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种tpms多孔散热装置和利用镀铜金刚石/铜复合材料slm增材制造其的方法
WO2024091173A1 (fr) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-02 Bättre Design Göteborg Ab Dispositif de chauffage de liquide et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage de liquide

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