EP3972762A1 - Procédé de production additive de composants tridimensionnels, et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé de production additive de composants tridimensionnels, et dispositif correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP3972762A1
EP3972762A1 EP20728699.8A EP20728699A EP3972762A1 EP 3972762 A1 EP3972762 A1 EP 3972762A1 EP 20728699 A EP20728699 A EP 20728699A EP 3972762 A1 EP3972762 A1 EP 3972762A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
irradiation path
irradiation
path
maximum
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20728699.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Axel Helm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Am Metals GmbH
Original Assignee
Am Metals GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Am Metals GmbH filed Critical Am Metals GmbH
Publication of EP3972762A1 publication Critical patent/EP3972762A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/46—Radiation means with translatory movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a building material layer by layer and locally selective solidification of the building material.
  • the invention also relates to a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components and a corresponding irradiation unit for such a manufacturing device.
  • Three-dimensional components by applying layers and locally selective solidification of a building material are known in principle from the prior art. At least one corresponding coating unit is usually provided for application in layers. For the locally selective consolidation, at least one corresponding
  • Irradiation unit e.g. comprising at least one laser
  • EP 1 583 628 B1 and DE 10 2012 202 487 A1 known to move the point of impact of the beam on a non-linear path. This is achieved, for example, in EP 2 839 994 A1 in that a linear movement of the
  • Irradiation curve (irradiation path) a term perpendicular to this linear movement is superimposed, so that in particular sinusoidal
  • Irradiation curves can be achieved.
  • DE 10 2012 202 487 A1 also describes a helical course, here in the form of a cycloid.
  • the shortest possible construction time should also be realized.
  • the object (according to a first aspect of the invention) is achieved by a method for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a building material layer by layer and locally selective solidification of the building material by at least one on the building material
  • an irradiation path of the impinging beam i.e. in particular a path of a point of impact or impact area of the beam
  • an irradiation path of the impinging beam deviates from an, in particular straight, feed center line M during the advance, whereby at least a line parallel to M or corresponding to M is crossed by the irradiation path at three points P, 1 P2 and P3 successively (in the chronological order mentioned: first P, 1 then P2, then P3), so that:
  • - P3 is between P1 and P2, at a distance P1 to P1 and one
  • the irradiation path between P1 and P2 is a point-like maximum and / or at least one such maximum is a (straight) line-like maximum with a length I (or also forms such a line-like maximum), for which the following applies: I £ 0.33; preferably I £ 0.32, more preferably I £ 0.30 * (P1 + p2), more preferably I £ 0.20 * (P1 + p2), possibly I £ 0, 10 * (P1 + p2) and / or at least one such maximum is a (straight) line-shaped maximum with a length I. (or such a linear maximum also forms), for which applies: I £ 0.375 * p2; preferably I £ 0.325 * p2, more preferably I £ 0.200 * p2, if necessary
  • At least one of the aforementioned conditions applies to several, e.g. B. at least 50% of all, or at least 75% of all, or all such maxima (each based on an assigned section between P1 and P2).
  • a point-like maximum is to be understood in particular as a maximum that does not lie within the ends of any straight section (and also does not form any of the ends).
  • a linear maximum is to be understood in particular as a maximum that forms a straight section or consists of such a section.
  • the respective length I should then in particular be the length between the two ends of the straight section (the ends in turn being defined by the fact that the path deviates from the straight course or this ends).
  • a (sub) section should not be decisive in this sense for the determination of the linear maximum or the length I.
  • the heat input can continue to take place more uniformly (in particular in a direction transverse to the feed direction).
  • the long straight sections, as shown in US 2017/0341145 A1 in FIG. 2B, and the associated (in the transverse direction) comparatively localized heat input are avoided. This can reduce undesirable stresses.
  • the maximum of a deviation from M, in particular in a section (containing the maximum) of the irradiation path between P1 and P2, is preferably a component of a curved section.
  • the curvature can be continuous (such as an arc of a circle or a section of an ellipse). However, discontinuous shapes (such as the tip of a triangle) are also conceivable. In this respect, can the curvature also approaches infinity (however, it should preferably not be zero, i.e. it should exist at all).
  • a radius of curvature (in the region of the respective maximum) is preferably £ 10 mm, more preferably £ 1 mm, possibly £ 800mm or £ 500mm.
  • the irradiation path does not have any straight sections that are parallel to M.
  • the irradiation path does not have any straight sections at all.
  • the irradiation path has straight sections, these form (in total) preferably less than 80%, more preferably less than 50%, possibly less than 25% or less than 10% of the irradiation path (or of its length, in particular in an imaginary way , straight drawn state of the irradiation path) from and / or more than 2% of the irradiation path (or its length, in particular in an imaginary, straight drawn state of the irradiation path).
  • the irradiation path has straight sections, at least one (possibly several or all) of these is (are) preferably shorter than, in particular at most 0.5 times or at most 0.25 times as large as the width of the following the consolidation path explained in more detail or, such as a distance between the envelopes explained in more detail below (in particular if these run parallel to one another and straight).
  • the irradiation path has straight sections, at least one (possibly several or all) of these is (are) preferably shorter than 1 mm, possibly shorter than 250 mm or shorter than 100 mm or even shorter than 50 mm.
  • comparatively large surface areas are generated in which the building material (powder) is heated and cooled comparatively slowly. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the impinging beam is returned in phases comparatively far against the feed direction. This can reduce tensions. Furthermore, in particular, a comparatively short construction time can be achieved.
  • the processing is preferably comparative demanding materials such as Cu are possible.
  • a stress reduction in the material (building material) is achieved in particular by the fact that the building material (powder) is heated and melted comparatively slowly and then also slowly cooled. During the beginning of cooling, a renewed input of heat takes place when the same irradiation area is passed over. Comparatively demanding materials such as copper (Cu) can be processed more easily because of their porosity
  • (Irregularities) in the solidified material can be at least partially cured by an extended (prolonged) supply of irradiation.
  • the above object is achieved in particular by a method for the additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components, in particular according to the first aspect, by applying a building material in layers and locally selective solidification of the building material by at least one advancing direction that hits the building material Deviations from this, following) beam, being a
  • Irradiation path i.e. in particular a path of an impact point or
  • Area of impact of the beam) of the impinging beam during the advance deviates from a, in particular straight, advance center line M, with a deviation from M passing through at least two at least local maxima s1 and s2, where (or for which) the following applies in terms of amount:.
  • the irradiation path is crossed successively at three points P, 1 P2 and P3 (in the chronological order mentioned: first P, 1 then P2, then P3), where: P2 is further forward than P.1 in the feed direction
  • P2 is further forward than P.1 in the feed direction
  • This condition is preferably (at least) in a range between s1 / 2 and s2 / 2.
  • Irregularities can be reduced.
  • An advancement is generally an advancement or propagation of a solidification path (resulting from the irradiation) in a
  • a direction of advance is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a direction of propagation of a consolidation path.
  • the feed direction is preferably constant (over at least one row or column during the entire irradiation to produce the object), but can also vary (for example, if the consolidation path is not a linear path, but a curved, i.e. non-linear path).
  • the feed center line M is to be understood in particular as that line which runs centrally within the consolidation path. If the progression of the consolidation path is straight (for example during irradiation in
  • the feed center line is also straight.
  • the feed center line M can also be determined in that an envelope curve E1 (straight in embodiments) (or envelope curve, analogous to a beat for the superposition of two oscillations) is formed for all upper maxima and one for all lower maxima (in
  • Embodiments straight) envelope curve E2 is formed and the feed center line M is placed exactly between these envelopes.
  • envelope curve is only to be understood as a delimitation to the lower envelope curve, in the sense that the envelopes lie on different sides of the center line.
  • envelope curve envelope curve
  • the consolidation track is, in particular, the area that is through the
  • Irradiation (of the irradiation unit, in particular a laser) is tempered to such an extent that the construction material melts (and solidifies after cooling).
  • This consolidation path is determined (at least approximately) by the area between the envelopes E1, E2 and (additionally) by a beam width or width of a thermal effective area (half such a width in the area of both envelopes) of the incident beam.
  • a thermal effective area is to be understood in particular as that area around the irradiation path (assumed as a line) in which the beam is exposed (Laser) such an energy input is introduced that the building material is heated.
  • This width can be assumed to be 2.5 * d86, for example.
  • the d86 diameter should preferably be used, with d86 again being that
  • Diameter means within which 86% of the radiation power (of the beam, in particular the laser beam) is introduced.
  • the radiation power of the beam, in particular the laser beam
  • Diameter d86 of 80 mm means that 86% of the (laser) power hits an area with a diameter of 80 mm.
  • the (laser) power can optionally be distributed according to the Gaussian distribution. Other distributions are possible.
  • the incident laser beam preferably leads to heating in an effective area with a diameter of (approx.) 200 mm (around the respective center point of the irradiation path). The warming of the
  • the heated area can (depending on the point in time) be preheated or sintered or (at a later point in time) a weld pool can form, which the
  • Radiation source (in particular by the laser) is generated.
  • the path referred to as the irradiation path should preferably be one
  • the actual trajectory of the beam can be from it
  • the inertia of the deflector can lead to a deviation from the theoretical path of the beam.
  • a temperature profile within the consolidation path can be controlled, for example, by the power of the irradiation source, the focus width of the beam and / or the speed at which the beam moves. These parameters can be empirically adapted to the properties of the
  • Construction material and the object to be created can be adapted.
  • (local) maxima are preferably used which are completely within at least one other
  • the enveloping curve should therefore preferably not intersect the irradiation path at any point, but should only touch it.
  • Strengthening tracks or areas lying next to one another (for example in successive rows or columns), each separated by two
  • corresponding envelopes are limited, can overlap or not overlap (or be spaced apart from one another) or abut one another (for example over at least 5% and / or at most 50% of a width of at least one corresponding area or at least one strengthening path).
  • Irradiation path thus in particular on different sides of the feed center line M. If the crossing does not take place at a certain point, but over a certain section (e.g. flat point, in the mathematical sense), the particular point (or location the crossing) is the center of the then straight section.
  • a certain section e.g. flat point, in the mathematical sense
  • P2 lies further forward than P.1 in the feed direction. This means in particular that, with respect to the feed direction, a section containing point P2 is traversed later than a section containing point P1.
  • P1 in particular is closer to a start of the respective consolidation path than P2 or P1 is crossed first (before P2 is crossed).
  • the (local) maxima s1 and s2 can be on the same side of M.
  • the local maxima s1 and s2 or further local maxima s1 'and s2' can be located on different sides of M (with respect to one another).
  • This pattern can be cyclical
  • a (local) maximum is to be understood as a point at which the irradiation path, after moving away from the center line M, approaches it again or is part of a group of points that together form a linear (local) maximum (e.g. For the envelope curve (see above), however, preferably not all of these local maxima, but rather only the outer, local maxima (which may also be global maxima) are taken into account.
  • a global maximum is to be understood as a maximum whose distance from M is not exceeded by any other (local) maximum.
  • a dividing line is defined, the first and second
  • Irradiation path sections separates from one another. There are preferably several, in particular the majority of, preferably all of the reversal points
  • a shape of the second irradiation path sections can preferably correspond to a shape of the first irradiation path sections (e.g. both structures are defined by circular arcs), but the second irradiation path sections can be smaller than the first irradiation path sections (e.g. defined by circular arcs with a smaller radius his).
  • the dividing line T preferably runs parallel at a distance from M,
  • RI and R2 can correspond to the respective radius.
  • a reversal point is to be understood in particular as a point at which a component of the direction of the irradiation path that is parallel to the
  • Feed direction changes to opposite to the feed direction "or vice versa.
  • the irradiation path preferably forms (as a further education or as
  • the irradiation path forms a (complete) semicircle in sections.
  • the irradiation path is preferably composed of a series of circular arcs (semicircles), furthermore preferably semicircles with (in comparison) a larger radius and semicircles with (in comparison) a smaller radius alternate and the latter correspond in particular to sections that are directed against the feed direction ( or backwards).
  • all circular arcs on one side can be one
  • Separation line T have the same radius compared to one another and all circular arcs on the other side of T have the same radius compared to one another (for example, compared to the radius of the circular arcs on the one hand smaller).
  • different (for example at least two or at least three different) radii can also be implemented on one side of T.
  • the irradiation path can be elliptical in sections (as an elliptical arc; preferably over an angular range, with the center of the ellipse as the starting point, of at least 45 °, more preferably at least 90 °, even more preferably at least 135 °, especially 180 °).
  • the irradiation path preferably forms a semi-ellipse in sections.
  • the irradiation path can have a multiplicity of elliptical arcs, in particular semi-ellipses.
  • the irradiation path can also be constructed in sections from circular arcs, in particular semicircles, and in sections from elliptical arcs, preferably semi-ellipses.
  • Semi-ellipses are preferably to be understood as elliptical arcs which extend between the vertices of the ellipse which intersect the main axis.
  • the main axis is in particular aligned parallel to the feed center line M.
  • the arc of an ellipse is concerned, it is in particular not a circle (or its sections), even if a circle is sometimes viewed as a special case of an ellipse.
  • the irradiation path can form an oval at least in sections, in particular a semi-oval.
  • this should not (necessarily) be an arc of a circle or an arc of an ellipse (or sections of such), even if circles and ellipses are sometimes viewed as special cases of an oval.
  • An oval is preferably to be understood as a closed, twice continuously differentiable convex curve in the plane.
  • the respective (relevant) oval section or the respective (relevant) semi-oval is preferably not closed (however, it can be continuously differentiable twice and convex and can be supplemented to form a closed oval).
  • the irradiation path can be straight in sections, in particular (at least) a triangular shape (comprising two sides of a triangle).
  • the irradiation path can be rectangular and / or trapezoidal in sections.
  • the shape described in each case can be supplemented (conceptually) by the center line M.
  • larger triangular shapes (in the feed direction) can alternate with smaller triangular shapes (against the feed direction) and / or larger rectangular shapes (in the feed direction) with smaller rectangular shapes (against the
  • a forward movement can result in particular from different radii (ie different frequencies per half-wave).
  • different radii ie different frequencies per half-wave.
  • two (or more) frequencies can be alternated.
  • the formation of the irradiation path is through successive circular arcs and / or elliptical arcs with a large semiaxis in the feed direction and / or triangular sections and / or square sections, in particular
  • Rectangular sections and / or trapezoidal sections to be regarded as an independent (and hereby claimed) invention, which can be developed according to the above and following explanations (with or, alternatively, without the requirement p2 / P1 3 2.0 and / or the requirement s1 * s2).
  • Sections should preferably be designed in such a way that the corresponding (closed) shape (e.g. triangle) results, taking into account the dividing line T.
  • the corresponding (closed) shape e.g. triangle
  • a distance between a first point of intersection of the irradiation path with M and a next but one point of intersection with M and / or a fourth next and / or sixth next and / or eighth next intersection with M preferably remains constant. This allows a comparatively
  • intersection point but one is to be understood as the intersection point which is reached as the next but one when the irradiation path is traveled.
  • the next but one intersection is here the one that is traveled after the starting point and after the next intersection.
  • the fourth next intersection is the intersection that is reached after the starting point and three further intersections. Insofar as the respective distance remains constant, this should apply over at least 10, preferably at least 100, more preferably at least 1,000 subsequent intersection points.
  • the first point of intersection can be a starting point (at the beginning of a row or column) or any intermediate point that is then to be regarded as the first point.
  • a distance between a first reversal point (generally any starting point) of the irradiation path at which a component of the direction of the irradiation path, which runs parallel to the direction of advance, is the
  • the irradiation path (based on the feed direction) changes, for example, from “in the feed direction” to “against the feed direction”.
  • At least one change in direction with respect to the feed direction preferably takes place between s1 and s2.
  • s1 and s2 can be consecutive maxima, or s2 can be the maximum next but one to the maximum s1 (or another maximum, for example the third or fourth next maximum).
  • the maxima s1 and s2 can be on the same side of M or, alternatively, on different sides of M. In a specific embodiment, the maxima s1 and s2 lie on the same side of M and at least one further maximum s3 (or s2 '), in particular, on another side of M
  • maxima s4 which are greater than s2 (for example equal to s1 in terms of amount) can lie on the other side.
  • the irradiation path of the beam includes, inter alia, points A, B, C, D and E, which are traversed successively, with point E being closer to point A than point C, with points B and D at different points Sides of M lie, with point D defining the maximum s1 on a first section of the irradiation path between points A and C and point D defining the maximum s2 (or s2) on a second section of the irradiation path between points C and E ') Are defined.
  • the deviation from M preferably passes through at least a third (local) maximum s3, with (preferably) the absolute value; and or
  • a distance between at least one pair (in terms of time, particularly directly) of successive intersection points with the center line M and / or a distance between at least one pair (in terms of time, in particular immediately) of successive reversal points (in relation to the feed direction) is preferably greater than between the maximum lying at the two intersection points or reversal points (opposite M; in terms of amount; perpendicular to the feed direction).
  • Strengthening web covers and / or at least 10%, possibly at least 30% or at least 50%, of an area between the two envelopes E1, E2.
  • At least one point of the consolidation path or at least one point in the area between the envelopes is passed over at least twice, if necessary at least three times, by the impinging jet and / or at least by an effective area assigned to the impinging jet (when traveling through a specific row or column) .
  • This at least one point can be a point of intersection (at which the irradiation path intersects itself) or a point that is not a point of intersection, in particular by at least half a beam diameter of the incident beam (or at least half a diameter of the warm-up area) from the next
  • Crossing point is removed.
  • the above condition of at least two strokes can possibly apply to a large number (or a continuum) of points that cover at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, possibly at least 50% or at least 80% of the area between the
  • Enveloping trains can alternatively or additionally apply to at least one point that lies on the center line M (preferably: for at least 50% of such points) and / or apply to at least one point that lies on the dividing line T (preferably; for at least 50% such points).
  • a diameter of the effective area (warm-up area) of the incident beam can be derived from the diameter of the incident beam
  • the impinging laser beam for example with a d86 of 80 mm, preferably leads to heating in an effective area with a diameter of (approx.) 200 mm (around the respective center point of the irradiation path).
  • the heating of the active area can (depending on the point in time) result in preheating or sintering or (at a later point in time) a melt pool which is caused by the
  • Radiation source (in particular by the laser) is generated.
  • an irradiation unit in particular for performing the method of the above type, for a (or a) manufacturing device for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a build-up material in layers by means of at least one coating unit and locally selective solidification of the build-up material by at least a beam impinging on the building material and following a direction of advance, wherein a control unit is provided and configured, a To control the irradiation path of the incident beam so that the
  • the irradiation path of the incident beam deviates from a, in particular straight, feed center line M during the advance, with at least one line P parallel to M or corresponding to M being successively crossed by the irradiation path at three points P, 1 P2 and P3, so that:
  • - P3 lies between P1 and P2, at a distance P1 from P1 and at a distance p2 from P2, where: p2 / P1 3 2.0, preferably p2 / P1 3 3.5.
  • Irradiation device in particular of the above type, preferably for
  • the irradiation device in particular its
  • Control unit configured that described above and / or below
  • a manufacturing device for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components configured to carry out the above method and / or comprising an irradiation unit of the above type and at least one coating unit.
  • the (powdery) building material preferably comprises at least one metal and / or at least one ceramic material and / or at least one plastic, preferably polymer.
  • the metal can, for example, aluminum, titanium, nickel, Iron, tungsten, molybdenum, and / or alloys thereof.
  • the (powdery) building material particularly preferably comprises copper.
  • the build-up material preferably consists of at least 10% by weight, more preferably 50% by weight, even more preferably at least 80% by weight, even more preferably at least 99% by weight or 99.99% by weight or 100% by weight .-% of one (in particular one of the above) or at least one
  • Two adjacent consolidation tracks can be designed to overlap, abut or at a distance from one another.
  • a speed in the feed direction can be at least 500 mm / s, preferably at least 2,000 mm / s and / or at most 20,000 mm / s.
  • a semicircle with a radius RI followed by a further semicircle with a radius R2, followed by a semi-ellipse with a (in particular small) semi-axis r3 and a further semi-ellipse with a (in particular small) semi-axis r4 (possibly cyclically repeating ) be trained.
  • RI is greater than R2 and / or greater than r3 and / or greater than r4.
  • R2 is greater than r3.
  • r4 is greater than r3.
  • the irradiation path can be interrupted (e.g. over at least 1%, possibly at least 5% and / or at most 20%, possibly at most 10%).
  • a deflection unit can, if necessary, continue to move, but be exposed to irradiation, in particular one
  • Irradiation source preferably a laser
  • a sum R1 + R2 and / or a sum r3 + r4 can, for example, be dependent on a width of a thermal effective range and / or dependent on
  • Diameter of the irradiation focus (laser focus) and / or can be selected depending on the path speed.
  • r3 + r4 always corresponds to at least R1 + R2 minus a width of the thermal effective range of the impinging beam resulting from the irradiation focus (laser focus).
  • the resulting melt pools can overlap.
  • the consolidation path width (and / or the distance between the envelopes) can be at least 10 mm, more preferably at least 100 mm and / or at most 5000 mm, possibly at most 2,000 mm.
  • the (additive) manufacturing device and the corresponding manufacturing method are generally characterized in that objects (components) can be manufactured layer by layer by solidifying a (in particular shapeless) building material.
  • the solidification can be achieved by supplying thermal energy to the building material by irradiating it with electromagnetic radiation or particle radiation, for example when
  • SIS Laser sintering
  • DMLS Laser melting
  • Electron beam melting are brought about.
  • the first electrode Electron beam melting
  • Manufacturing device designed as a laser sintering or laser melting device.
  • laser sintering or laser melting the area of action of the laser beam (laser spot) on a layer of the building material is moved over those points of the layer that correspond to the component cross-section of the component to be manufactured in this layer. It is repeated (after each lowering of the laser beam (laser spot) on a layer of the building material.
  • Construction field a thin layer of a powdery building material is applied and the building material is locally selectively solidified in each layer by selective irradiation with at least one laser beam.
  • a construction field is to be understood in particular as a two-dimensional area (2D partial area) of a working plane of the manufacturing device for additive manufacturing, in which the rays of the at least one irradiation unit are used selective solidification can impinge on the building material or in which a building container that accommodates the component extends, which (also) the
  • the construction field can be understood as the top powder layer (2D surface).
  • the construction field is preferably round, in particular at least substantially circular, but can also assume other shapes, for example rectangular,
  • the distance between two successive points of intersection with the center line M and / or the distance between two successive reversal points (with respect to the feed direction) is preferably greater than one between the two
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration, partially shown as
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of sections of a
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an inventive
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a section of a further irradiation path according to the invention
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 is a known laser sintering or laser sintering device a1.
  • a process chamber a3 with a chamber wall a4.
  • the process chamber a3 there is an upwardly open building container a5 with a wall a6.
  • a working plane a7 is defined by the upper opening of the building container a5, the area of the working plane a7 lying within the opening, which can be used to build up the object a2, is referred to as building field a8.
  • a carrier a1O which can be moved in a vertical direction V and to which a base plate a1l is attached which closes the building container a5 at the bottom and thus forms its bottom.
  • the base plate a1 l can be a plate formed separately from the carrier a10 and attached to the carrier a10, or it may be formed integrally with the carrier a10. Depending on the powder and process used, a1 l can be placed on the base plate
  • Build platform a12 be attached on which the object a2 is built.
  • the object a2 can, however, also be built on the base plate a1 l itself, which then serves as a construction platform.
  • FIG. 1 the object a2 to be formed in the building container aS on the building platform a12 is shown below the working plane a7 in an intermediate state with several solidified layers, surrounded by building material a13 that has remained unsolidified.
  • the laser sintering device a1 further contains a storage container a14 for a powdery building material a15 which can be solidified by electromagnetic radiation and a coater a16 which can be moved in a horizontal direction H for applying the
  • the laser sintering device a1 further includes an exposure device a20 with a laser a21, the one
  • Laser beam a22 is generated as an energy beam, which is deflected via a deflection device a23 and via a focusing device a24
  • Coupling window a25 which is attached to the top of the process chamber a3 in its wall a4, is focused on the working plane a7.
  • the laser sintering device a1 further contains a control unit a29, via which the individual components of the laser sintering device a1 are controlled in a coordinated manner for carrying out the construction process.
  • the control unit a29 may contain a CPU, the operation of which is controlled by a computer program (software).
  • the computer program can be stored separately from the device on a storage medium, from which it can be imported into the device,
  • the carrier a10 is first lowered by a height that corresponds to the desired layer thickness.
  • a layer of the powdery build-up material a15 is then applied.
  • the coater a16 pushes a somewhat larger amount of build-up material a15 in front of it than is necessary for the build-up of the layer. The scheduled
  • the coater a16 pushes excess build-up material a15 into one
  • Overflow tank a18 An overflow container a18 is arranged on both sides of the building container a5.
  • the powdery build-up material a15 is applied at least over the entire cross section of the object a2 to be produced, preferably over the entire construction field a8, i.e. the area of the working plane a7, which can be lowered by a vertical movement of the carrier a10.
  • the cross section of the object a2 to be produced is then scanned by the laser beam a22 with a radiation effective area (not shown) which schematically intersects the energy beam with the
  • the laser sintering device a1 also contains a
  • Gas supply channel a32 a gas inlet nozzle a30, a gas outlet opening a31 and a gas discharge channel a33.
  • the process gas flow a34 moves horizontally over the construction field a8.
  • the gas supply and discharge can also be from the
  • Control unit a29 be controlled (not shown).
  • the gas extracted from the process chamber a3 can be fed to a filter device (not shown), and the filtered gas can be fed back to the process chamber a3 via the gas feed channel a32, thereby forming a circulating air system with a closed gas circuit.
  • a filter device not shown
  • the filtered gas can be fed back to the process chamber a3 via the gas feed channel a32, thereby forming a circulating air system with a closed gas circuit.
  • Openings may be provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows details of two irradiation paths 10, which are part of two partially overlapping consolidation paths 11 formed by the irradiation paths 10. While the irradiation paths 10 are curvilinear per se, the consolidation paths 11 are straight.
  • the irradiation paths 10 define the path of the incident beam (or its center point).
  • a feed takes place in a feed direction 12 from left to right; in the (in Fig. 2 lower) consolidation path 11 from right to left.
  • a thermal effective area 13 of the incident beam is indicated by a black circle; the respective feed direction 12 by a black arrow.
  • the respective irradiation path 10 is made up of larger semicircles and smaller semicircles, which are arranged alternately.
  • the larger semicircles have a radius RI
  • the smaller semicircles have a radius R2. Because the following applies: R2 £ RI, a feed is implemented. If a larger semicircle and a subsequent smaller semicircle are traversed once, this feed corresponds to the distance P1.
  • the distance P1 is significantly smaller than p2.
  • p2 / P1 3 2.0 preferably p2 / P1 3 2.5, even more preferably p2 / P1 3 3.0, even more preferably p2 / P1 3 3.5, even more preferably p2 / P1 3 4.0.
  • an overlap U is significantly smaller than a sum of the radii R1 + R2.
  • the following preferably applies (in particular also generalized to shapes of the irradiation path 10 which differ from FIG. 2, then R1 + R2 would have to be replaced by an envelope curve spacing): (R1 + R2) / U 3 2.0, preferably 3 3.0.
  • R1 + R2 For a diameter d of the thermal effective area 13 of an impinging beam 15, it preferably applies that this diameter d is (significantly) smaller than R1 + R2, whereby the following preferably applies (in particular also generalized to shapes of the irradiation path 10 which deviate from FIG. 2) R1 + R2 would have to be replaced by an envelope distance): (R1 + R2) / D 3 1.5, preferably 3 2.5.
  • At least the thermal effective area 13 of the impinging beam passes over at least a large part of all points within the two envelopes E1, E2 at least twice (due to the diameter d and due to the fact that a given path section adjacent path sections
  • each other which is smaller than d, which applies, for example, to track sections that run close to the envelopes E1, E2).
  • These points preferably form at least 50%, possibly at least 80% of the area between the envelopes E1, E2.
  • this is not mandatory, especially since the the impinging beam or the zone heated by the irradiation path, if necessary, is larger than the beam diameter,
  • FIG. 3 a schematic irradiation path 10 is shown enlarged analogously to FIG. 2 and shown with further inscriptions and explanatory lines.
  • a feed center line M can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • Center line M not an (imaginary) dividing line T, which separates the large semicircles from the small semicircles.
  • the feed center line M is arranged (exactly) in the middle between the envelopes E1 and E2, that is to say defines a
  • Solidification path propagation direction changes.
  • P3 P1 is comparatively close to p 1 ( ' ⁇ and thus the same areas with regard to the feed direction or all areas the consolidation path 11 are passed over several times or in particular (depending on the beam diameter d) all areas are crossed at least twice, in particular if: d 3 p 1 (' ⁇ for all possible p 1 (' ⁇ the latter condition is met.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment in which (analogously to FIGS. 2 and 3) larger and smaller semicircles are also traversed, but also larger and smaller half-ellipses. Above a dividing line T there are the respectively smaller semicircles and the respectively smaller semi-ellipses (in the drawing according to FIG. 4, where "above” is not actually intended to mean “in the space above”). The larger semicircle and the larger semi-ellipses are arranged below the dividing line T.
  • the dividing line T is also here above the actual feed center line M (which lies centrally between the envelopes E1 and E2). Successively, preferably one after the other: large semicircle - large semi-ellipse - small semicircle - small ellipse (repeating periodically).
  • the large semicircle has the radius RI.
  • the small semicircle has the radius R2.
  • the large semi-ellipse has the small semi-axis r3.
  • the small semi-ellipse has the small semi-axis r4.
  • the respective semi-axis of the respective semi-ellipse thus extends perpendicular to the feed direction 12.
  • the major semi-axis of the large semi-ellipse has the value RI and the major semi-axis of the small semi-ellipse has the value R2.
  • a large number of maxima with the magnitude s1 are formed on one side of M.
  • a large number of maxima with the magnitude s2 are formed on one side of M.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment analogous to FIG. 4, but with smaller half-ellipses in relation to the semicircles (or on an extension perpendicular to the feed direction 12).
  • the following preferably applies: r3 + r4 £ (R1 + R2) - d, preferably r3 + r4 £ (Rl + R2-d) / l, 2 ..
  • control variables R1 + R2 and r3 + r4 are shown again in FIG. 6.
  • control variables e.g. r5 + r6, which can be formed, for example, by ellipses (arcs) that are even smaller (at least perpendicular to the feed direction 12) than the ellipses (arcs) with the small semiaxes r3 or r4.
  • the semicircles in Fig. 4-6 can also be replaced by corresponding half-ellipses, or by still other shapes (see Fig. 8-12).
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6 is again (additionally) advantageous compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3. This is explained with reference to FIG. 7. 7 shows (highly schematically) the solidification path resulting from the irradiation (or a section of it). This consolidation path can be divided into a first zone 16, a second zone 17 and a third zone 18. Tests have now shown that the
  • the outer (or the first and third) zones 16, 18 are comparatively hotter than the middle (or second) zone 17).
  • This inhomogeneous temperature distribution in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction can possibly lead to Lead to tension, which in turn can lead to defects in the manufactured product. A risk for this is created by the
  • this irradiation path (analogous to FIGS. 2-6) comprises a smaller and a larger semicircle, separated by the dividing line T.
  • the irradiation path comprises a smaller and a larger rectangular shape, separated by the dividing line T.
  • the irradiation path comprises a larger and a smaller triangular shape, separated by the dividing line T.
  • the irradiation path comprises a larger (with respect to the feed direction 12) and a smaller semi-ellipse, separated by the dividing line T in FIG. 12
  • the irradiation path comprises a larger and a smaller oval arc, separated by the dividing line T, the size here also relating to the extension perpendicular to the feed direction 12.
  • the respective (complete) irradiation path (for example over a row or column) can be built up exclusively from the shapes shown in the individual figures or (as for example in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6) from several of these shapes (for example, from semicircles and half-ellipses according to FIGS. 8 and 11, or half-ellipses and
  • the radius RI was set to 500mm and the radius R2 to 400mm.
  • An overlap between adjacent consolidation sheets was 75 mm.
  • the speed of the laser path was between 1700 mm / s and 2700 mm / s. A material density of 99.9% was achieved in the samples.
  • Aspect 1 Method for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a building material layer by layer and locally selective solidification of the building material by at least one on the building material
  • P2 is further forward in the feed direction than P1 and P3 lies between P1 and P2, a distance P1 to P1 and a distance p2 to P2, where: p2 / P1 3 2.0; preferably p2 / P1 3 3.5.
  • Aspect 2 Method for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components, preferably according to aspect 1, by applying a layer by layer
  • Aspect 3 The method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 or 2, wherein the irradiation path (10) runs such that a dividing line is defined, the irradiation path comprising first and second irradiation path sections which are separated from one another by the dividing line T, with reversal points of the irradiation path preferably lie on the dividing line and / or wherein a shape of the second irradiation path sections preferably corresponds to a shape of the first irradiation path sections, but the second
  • Irradiation path sections are smaller than the first
  • Irradiation path sections the dividing line T preferably running parallel at a distance from M, in particular such that at least one maximum RI on one side of T is greater than at least one maximum R2 on the other side of T.
  • Aspect 4 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 3, wherein the irradiation path (10) in sections forms an arc of a circle, in particular a semicircle, and / or wherein the irradiation path (10) in sections forms an elliptical arc, in particular a semi-ellipse.
  • Aspect 5 The method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 4, the irradiation path (10) being straight in sections, in particular one
  • Triangular shape forms.
  • Aspect 6 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 5, a distance between a first point of intersection of the irradiation path (10) with M and an intersection point after the next but one with M remains constant.
  • Aspect 7 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 6, wherein a distance between a first reversal point (A) of the irradiation path, at which a component of the direction of the irradiation path, which runs parallel to the feed direction, changes sign, and a respective next such Reversal point (C), at which the sign change is the same, remains constant.
  • Aspect 8 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 7, wherein between P3 and P2 there are at least one further, preferably at least two further, more preferably at least three further points at which the irradiation path crosses the line P, in particular M.
  • Aspect 9 The method according to one of the preceding aspects 2 to 8, wherein between s1 and s2 at least one change in direction with respect to the
  • Feed direction (12) takes place.
  • Aspect 10 The method according to any one of the preceding aspects 2 to 9, wherein s1 and s2 are on the same side of M or on different sides of M.
  • an irradiation path of the beam includes, inter alia, points A, B, C, D and E, which are traversed successively, point E being closer to point A than point C, with points B and D on different sides of M, wherein on a first section of the irradiation path (10) lying between points A and C, point B defines the maximum s1 and on a second section of the irradiation path between points C and E, point D defines the maximum s2,
  • Aspect 12 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 2 to 11, wherein the deviation from M passes through at least a third local maximum s3, the absolute value of which applies; and or
  • Aspect 13 Method according to one of the preceding aspects 2 to 12, where: s2 £ 0.95 * s1, if necessary, s2 £ 0.80 * s1, and / or s2 3 0.5 * s1, preferably s2 3 0, 7 * s1.
  • Aspect 14 Irradiation unit, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding aspects 1 to 13, for a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a build-up material in layers by means of at least one coating unit and locally selective solidification of the build-up material by means of at least one, a feed direction (12) following beam, wherein a control unit is provided and configured to control an irradiation path (10) of the impinging beam (15) so that the irradiation path of the impinging beam (15) during the advance of a, in particular straight, Feed center line M deviates, with at least one line P parallel to M or corresponding to M being successively crossed by the irradiation path (10) at three points P, 1, P2, and P3, so that:
  • P2 is further forward than P1 and in the feed direction (12)
  • P3 lies between P1 and P2, at a distance P1 to P1 and a distance p2 to P2, where: p2 / P1 3 2.0, preferably p2 / P1 3 3.5.
  • Aspect 15 Irradiation unit, preferably according to aspect 14, for a
  • Manufacturing device for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional components by applying a building material in layers by means of at least one
  • Aspect 16 Manufacturing device for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional
  • Components configured to carry out the method according to one of aspects 1 to 13 and / or comprising an irradiation unit according to one of aspects 14 or 15 and at least one coating unit.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production additive de composants tridimensionnels par application par couches d'un matériau de construction et par solidification localement sélective du matériau de construction par au moins un faisceau (15) arrivant sur le matériau de construction, suivant une direction d'avancement (12). Une trajectoire d'irradiation (10) du faisceau incident s'écarte pendant l'avancement d'une ligne centrale M d'avancement en particulier rectiligne. Au moins une ligne P parallèle à M ou correspondant à M est traversée par la trajectoire d'irradiation (10) sur trois points P1, P2 et P3 successivement de sorte que s'applique ce qui suit : P2 se situe dans la direction d'avancement davantage à l'avant que P1, et P3 se situe entre P1 et P2 à un éloignement p1 par rapport à P1 et un éloignement p2 par rapport à P2, étant entendu que : p2/p1 ≥ 2,0, de préférence p2/p1 ≥ 3,5.
EP20728699.8A 2019-05-23 2020-05-22 Procédé de production additive de composants tridimensionnels, et dispositif correspondant Pending EP3972762A1 (fr)

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WO2020234446A1 (fr) 2020-11-26
DE102019113841A1 (de) 2020-11-26
CN113853292B (zh) 2024-05-07
US20220305561A1 (en) 2022-09-29

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