EP3969638A1 - Method for coating parts - Google Patents

Method for coating parts

Info

Publication number
EP3969638A1
EP3969638A1 EP20729958.7A EP20729958A EP3969638A1 EP 3969638 A1 EP3969638 A1 EP 3969638A1 EP 20729958 A EP20729958 A EP 20729958A EP 3969638 A1 EP3969638 A1 EP 3969638A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
planetary
rotation
cage
axis
main rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20729958.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3969638C0 (en
EP3969638B1 (en
Inventor
Fabian SIMONSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ejot SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ejot GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ejot GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ejot GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3969638A1 publication Critical patent/EP3969638A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3969638C0 publication Critical patent/EP3969638C0/en
Publication of EP3969638B1 publication Critical patent/EP3969638B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/04—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material with special provision for agitating the work or the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/08—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material with special provision for agitating the work or the liquid or other fluent material the work and the liquid or other fluent material being agitated together in a container, e.g. tumbled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
    • B05D1/005—Spin coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2258/00—Small objects (e.g. screws)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating parts in a dip-centrifugal method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the machine having a motor axis of rotation, from which a basket can be driven to rotate around its basket axis at a distance.
  • the drive takes place via a
  • Coating liquid is immersed, the parts to be coated then being thrown at least two planetary cage arrangements, in a first and a second planetary cage arrangement, each providing a maximum receiving volume.
  • the holding volume with parts is only up to a maximum of 50% of the maximum holding volume of the planetary cage arrangement.
  • the coated parts are in the planetary cage arrangement in a planetary centrifuge
  • the planetary centrifuge according to the invention having a main rotor rotating about a main rotor axis of rotation, and the at least two planet cage assemblies rotate about their planetary axis of rotation, the planetary axes of rotation on the main rotor being spaced apart from
  • Main rotor axis of rotation are arranged.
  • the rotations about the main rotor axis of rotation and the planetary axis of rotation are not necessarily generated by a planetary gear. Rather, a separate drive can be provided for each planetary cage arrangement, which is different from the drive of the main rotor.
  • the planetary axes of rotation are preferably parallel to one another and parallel to the main rotor axis.
  • the first planetary cage arrangement is opposite to the second during the spinning process
  • Planet cage arrangement rotated about their respective planetary axis of rotation.
  • a centrifuge which provides a plurality of planetary cage arrangements arranged in pairs, the two
  • Planet cage arrangements are rotated in opposite directions to each other.
  • the axes of rotation of the planetary cage arrangement of a pair are preferably on a line and symmetrical to the main rotor axis of rotation. Simple speed control and high reproducibility can thereby be achieved. Equal treatment of the parts in relation to the respective planetary cage arrangements can also be guaranteed.
  • the planetary cage arrangements can be designed such that a plurality of planetary cages, in which the parts are accommodated, rotate around their respective planetary axes of rotation.
  • the planetary axis of rotation lies in particular between the individual planetary cages.
  • the individual planetary baskets can preferably be mechanically connected to one another.
  • Planetary baskets can be rigidly connected to one another.
  • the planetary baskets also preferably have a circular cross-section and their walls lie against one another, the planetary axis of rotation lying in the center of the surface that results from the connection of the adjacent center points of the planetary baskets.
  • the number of planetary baskets is preferably odd. Three planetary baskets are preferably provided.
  • the planetary baskets are preferably cylindrical and of the same size.
  • the planetary baskets are in particular filled with the same mass of bulk material, so that a continuous reduction of the counter-torque acting against the direction of rotation of the planetary axis of rotation is produced.
  • the coating agent is preferably a liquid zinc flake coating, but can also
  • the planetary cage arrangement has a radius of a circle enveloping the planetary cages, the radius of which is less than the distance between the planetary axis of rotation and the main rotor axis.
  • the distance preferably corresponds approximately to this radius.
  • Planetary cage arrangement is preferably between 0.5 U / min and 5 U / min.
  • the distance between the planetary axes of rotation and the main rotor axis is preferably between 0.2 m and 1 m.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a planetary centrifuge in its use according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a planetary centrifuge in its
  • FIG. 1 shows a planetary centrifuge 10 with a main axis of rotation D about which the main rotor 14 rotates in a first direction of rotation D1.
  • a first planetary cage arrangement 18a and a second planetary cage arrangement 18b opposite it symmetrically to the main axis of rotation D Eccentrically on the main rotor 14 is a first planetary cage arrangement 18a and a second planetary cage arrangement 18b opposite it symmetrically to the main axis of rotation D, the planetary cage arrangements 18a, 18b each revolving around their Rotate planetary axes of rotation P1 and P2.
  • the planetary cage arrangements 18a, 18b each include a cylindrical planetary cage 19a, 19b which is arranged coaxially to the planetary rotation axis P1, P2.
  • the direction of rotation of the main rotor 14 runs counter to this in the present exemplary embodiment
  • the speed of the main rotor is in the present case at 300 U / min and the speed of the
  • Planetary cage assembly 18a, 18b at about 1 rpm.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further schematic view of a planetary centrifuge as it is used in the coating method according to the invention.
  • it has two planetary cage arrangements 20a, 20b, each with three planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c, which are rotated about the planetary axis of rotation P1, P2 of the planetary cage arrangement 20a, 20b .
  • the forces F1, F2, F3 result, for example, for the planetary cage arrangement 20a due to the parts distributed in the planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c.
  • the forces F2, F3 generate a moment against the direction of rotation, whereas F1 generates a moment in the direction of rotation.
  • the planetary cage arrangements rotate about their respective planetary axes of rotation P1, P2 by more than 360 °, which leads to a mixing and change in position of the parts to be coated.
  • the wall of the planetary baskets 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c is such that the coating liquid can be removed from the planetary baskets during centrifugation.
  • they are designed as mesh baskets.
  • the planetary cage arrangements 20a, 20b comprising three planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c are rotated in opposite directions of rotation according to the invention. This reduces the restoring torque acting around the main axis of rotation due to the opposite rotation and the restoring torque acting around the planetary axes of rotation due to the plurality of planetary cages
  • Screw drives have the advantage that an excess coating in the drive does not counteract the ideal mounting of the drive bit.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating parts in a dip-spin process, wherein: the parts to be coated are dipped into a coating liquid; the parts to be coated are then spun in a planetary centrifuge (10) in at least two planetary basket arrangements (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), that is to say at least in a first and in a second planetary basket arrangement (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), which each provide a maximum accommodation capacity; the planetary centrifuge (10) has a main rotor (14) rotating around a main rotor axis (D); the at least two planetary basket arrangements (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) rotate around the planetary rotation axis (P1, P2) thereof and furthermore, the planetary rotation axes (P1, P2) are arranged on the main rotor (14) at a distance from the main rotor axis (D); the first planetary basket arrangement (18a, 20a) is rotated in the opposite direction to the second planetary basket arrangement (18b, 20b) during the spinning process, each basket rotating around its particular planetary rotation axis; and the accommodation capacity is filled only up to a maximum of 50% of the maximum accommodation capacity of the planetary basket arrangement.

Description

Verfahren zum Beschichten von Teilen Process for coating parts
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Teilen in einem Tauch-Schleuderverfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. The invention relates to a method for coating parts in a dip-centrifugal method according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die DE 299 1 1 753 U1 betrifft eine Maschine zum Oberflächenbehandeln und / oder DE 299 1 1 753 U1 relates to a machine for surface treatment and / or
Oberflächenbeschichten von Kleinteilen, wobei die Maschine eine Motordrehachse aufweist, zu der beabstandet ein Korb um seine Korbachse drehend antreibbar ist. Der Antrieb erfolgt über ein Surface coating of small parts, the machine having a motor axis of rotation, from which a basket can be driven to rotate around its basket axis at a distance. The drive takes place via a
Planetengetriebe. Durch die überlagerte Drehbewegung sind die im Korb aufgenommenen Teile wechselnden Radialbeschleunigungen ausgesetzt, was das Abschleudern von Beschichtungsflüssigkeit und günstiges Umschichtungsverhalten zur Folge hat. Planetary gear. As a result of the superimposed rotary movement, the parts received in the basket are exposed to changing radial accelerations, which results in the coating liquid being thrown off and a favorable shifting behavior.
Für das Abschleudern von Beschichtungsflüssigkeit ist es insbesondere von kleinen Teilen oder schöpfenden Strukturen ist es von Vorteil, die Körbe, die die Teile Aufnahmen nur teilweise zu befüllen, so dass eine gute Durchmischung erreicht werden kann. In diesem Fall ist die bekannte Anordnung jedoch nur für geringe Teilemengen, bzw. zum Betrieb mit einer verhältnismäßig geringen For the throwing off of coating liquid, it is particularly advantageous from small parts or scooping structures to only partially fill the baskets that hold the parts so that thorough mixing can be achieved. In this case, however, the known arrangement is only suitable for small quantities of parts or for operation with a relatively small one
Schleudermasse betreibbar, da bei intensiver Beladung ein hohes Drehmoment entsteht, so dass eine Drehung des Korbes um seine Korbachse nicht mehr möglich ist und ferner große Unwucht entsteht. The centrifugal mass can be operated, since with intensive loading a high torque arises, so that a rotation of the basket about its basket axis is no longer possible and furthermore large imbalances arise.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenbeschichtung von Teilen anzugeben, das eine effektivere Beladung ermöglicht. It is the object of the invention to provide a method for surface coating of parts which enables more effective loading.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Die Unteransprüche bilden vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Erfindungsgemäß werden zur Beschichtung die zu beschichtenden Teile in eine The subclaims form advantageous developments of the invention. According to the invention, the parts to be coated are in a
Beschichtungsflüssigkeit getaucht, wobei die zu beschichtenden Teile anschließend wenigstens zwei Planetenkorbanordnungen, in einer ersten und eine zweiten Planetenkorbanordnung, die jeweils ein maximales Aufnahmevolumen bereitstellen, geschleudert werden. Die Befüllung des Coating liquid is immersed, the parts to be coated then being thrown at least two planetary cage arrangements, in a first and a second planetary cage arrangement, each providing a maximum receiving volume. The filling of the
Aufnahmevolumens mit Teilen erfolgt nur bis zu höchstens 50% des maximalen Aufnahmevolumens der Planetenkorbanordnung. The holding volume with parts is only up to a maximum of 50% of the maximum holding volume of the planetary cage arrangement.
Die beschichteten Teile werden in der Planetenkorbanordnung in einer Planetenzentrifuge The coated parts are in the planetary cage arrangement in a planetary centrifuge
geschleudert, wobei die Planetenzentrifuge gemäß der Erfindung einen um eine Hauptrotordrehachse drehenden Hauptrotor aufweist, und sich die wenigstens zwei Planetenkorbanordnungen um ihre Planetendrehachse drehen, wobei die Planetendrehachsen am Hauptrotor beabstandet zur centrifuged, the planetary centrifuge according to the invention having a main rotor rotating about a main rotor axis of rotation, and the at least two planet cage assemblies rotate about their planetary axis of rotation, the planetary axes of rotation on the main rotor being spaced apart from
Hauptrotordrehachse angeordnet sind. In der erfindungsgemäßen Planetenzentrifuge werden die Drehungen um die Hauptrotordrehachse und die Planetendrehachse nicht zwingend durch ein Planetengetriebe erzeugt. Vielmehr kann für den jede Planetenkorbanordnung ein eigener Antrieb vorgesehen sein, der unterschiedliche zum Antrieb des Hauptrotors ist. Main rotor axis of rotation are arranged. In the planetary centrifuge according to the invention, the rotations about the main rotor axis of rotation and the planetary axis of rotation are not necessarily generated by a planetary gear. Rather, a separate drive can be provided for each planetary cage arrangement, which is different from the drive of the main rotor.
Die Planetendrehachsen liegen bevorzugt parallel zueinander und parallel zur Hauptrotorachse. Die erste Planetenkorbanordnung wird während des Schleudervorgangs gegenläufig zur zweiten The planetary axes of rotation are preferably parallel to one another and parallel to the main rotor axis. The first planetary cage arrangement is opposite to the second during the spinning process
Planetenkorbanordnung um ihre jeweilige Planetendrehachse gedreht. Planet cage arrangement rotated about their respective planetary axis of rotation.
Die gegenläufige Drehung der zwei Planetenkorbanordnungen führt dazu, dass das Drehmoment, das aufgrund der Lastverteilung der teilbeladenen Planetenkorbanordnungen für die Drehung um die jeweiligen Planetendrehachsen erhöht ist, aber durch die gegenläufige Drehung der The opposite rotation of the two planetary cage arrangements results in the torque that is increased due to the load distribution of the partially loaded planetary cage arrangements for the rotation about the respective planetary axes of rotation, but by the opposite rotation of the
Planetenkorbanordnungen das um die Hauptrotordrehachse wirkende Rückstellmoment reduziert werden kann. Planetary cage arrangements the restoring torque acting around the main rotor axis can be reduced.
Überraschend ergibt sich nämlich, dass sich zwar bei diesem Verfahren ein Unwuchtmoment auf der Hauptdrehachse ergibt, aber die Gesamtsumme aus Rückstellmoment und Unwuchtmoment gegenüber einer gleichgerichteten Drehung bei einer Teilbeladung der Planetenkorbanordnung reduziert ist. Surprisingly, it turns out that although this method results in an unbalance moment on the main axis of rotation, the total sum of the restoring moment and unbalance moment is reduced compared to a rectified rotation with a partial load of the planetary cage arrangement.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird eine Zentrifuge verwendet, die eine Mehrzahl von paarweise angeordneten Planetenkorbanordnungen vorsieht, wobei die beiden According to an advantageous further development of the invention, a centrifuge is used which provides a plurality of planetary cage arrangements arranged in pairs, the two
Planetenkorbanordnungen gegenläufig zueinander gedreht werden. Bevorzugt liegen die Drehachsen der Planetenkorbanordnung eines Paares auf einer Linie und symmetrisch zur Hauptrotordrehachse. Dadurch kann eine einfache Geschwindigkeitssteuerung und eine hohe Reproduzierbarkeit erreicht werden. Auch eine Gleichbehandlung der Teile bezogen auf die jeweiligen Planetenkorbanordnungen kann gewährleistet werden. Planet cage arrangements are rotated in opposite directions to each other. The axes of rotation of the planetary cage arrangement of a pair are preferably on a line and symmetrical to the main rotor axis of rotation. Simple speed control and high reproducibility can thereby be achieved. Equal treatment of the parts in relation to the respective planetary cage arrangements can also be guaranteed.
Eine Planetenkorbanordnung kann einen, insbesondere zylindrischen Planetenkorb umfassen, in welchen die Teile aufgenommen sind, wobei die Planetendrehachse identisch mit der A planetary cage arrangement can comprise a, in particular cylindrical, planetary cage, in which the parts are received, the planetary axis of rotation being identical to the
Planetenkorbachse ist. Planet cage axis is.
Alternativ dazu können die Planetenkorbanordnungen derart ausgestaltet sein, dass sich um ihre jeweiligen Planetendrehachsen eine Mehrzahl von um diese umlaufend angeordneten Planetenkörben drehen, in welchen die Teile aufgenommen sind. Die Planetendrehachse liegt dabei insbesondere zwischen den einzelnen Planetenkörben. As an alternative to this, the planetary cage arrangements can be designed such that a plurality of planetary cages, in which the parts are accommodated, rotate around their respective planetary axes of rotation. The planetary axis of rotation lies in particular between the individual planetary cages.
Die einzelnen Planetenkörbe können bevorzugt miteinander mechanisch verbunden sein. Die The individual planetary baskets can preferably be mechanically connected to one another. The
Planetenkörbe können untereinander starr verbunden sein. Planetary baskets can be rigidly connected to one another.
Weiter bevorzugt weisen die Planetenkörbe einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf und liegen mit ihren Wandungen aneinander, wobei die Planetendrehachse im Mittelpunkt der Fläche liegt, die sich durch die Verbindung der benachbarten Mittelpunkte der Planetenkörbe ergibt. The planetary baskets also preferably have a circular cross-section and their walls lie against one another, the planetary axis of rotation lying in the center of the surface that results from the connection of the adjacent center points of the planetary baskets.
Dadurch wird das um die Planetendrehachse entgegen der Drehrichtung der Planetenkorbanordnung wirkende Drehmoment - Rückstellmoment - reduziert, wodurch sowohl das Unwuchtmoment auf der Hauptrotorachse reduziert wird, als auch die insgesamt im System wirkenden Rückstellmomente. As a result, the torque acting around the planetary axis of rotation against the direction of rotation of the planetary cage arrangement - restoring torque - is reduced, whereby both the unbalance torque on the main rotor axis and the restoring torques acting overall in the system are reduced.
Durch einen derartigen Betrieb einer Planetenzentrifuge in einem Beschichtungsverfahren kann eine Erhöhung der Gesamtladung erfolgen, und dennoch kann das Gesamtdrehmoment in einem anlagentechnisch sinnvoll beherrschbaren Rahmen bleiben. By operating a planetary centrifuge in this way in a coating process, the total charge can be increased, and the total torque can nevertheless remain within a range that can be reasonably controlled in terms of the system.
Die Anzahl der Planetenkörbe ist bevorzugt ungerade. Bevorzugt sind drei Planetenkörbe vorgesehen. Die Planetenkörbe sind bevorzugt zylindrisch ausgebildet und gleich groß. The number of planetary baskets is preferably odd. Three planetary baskets are preferably provided. The planetary baskets are preferably cylindrical and of the same size.
Die Planetenkörbe werden insbesondere mit einer gleichen Masse an Schüttgut befüllt, so dass eine kontinuierliche Verminderung des entgegen der Drehrichtung der Planetendrehachse wirkenden Gegendrehmoments hergestellt wird. Das Beschichtungsmitel ist bevorzugt ein flüssiger Zinklamellenüberzug, kann aber auch The planetary baskets are in particular filled with the same mass of bulk material, so that a continuous reduction of the counter-torque acting against the direction of rotation of the planetary axis of rotation is produced. The coating agent is preferably a liquid zinc flake coating, but can also
beispielsweise ein Aluminiumlamellenüberzug sein. for example be an aluminum lamella cover.
Die Planetenkorbanordnung weist einen Radius eines die Planetenkörbe umhüllenden Kreises auf, dessen Radius geringer ist als der Abstand der Planetendrehachse von der Hauptrotorachse. Bevorzugt entspricht der Abstand in etwa diesem Radius. The planetary cage arrangement has a radius of a circle enveloping the planetary cages, the radius of which is less than the distance between the planetary axis of rotation and the main rotor axis. The distance preferably corresponds approximately to this radius.
Die Drehzahl für den Hauptrotor beträgt bevorzugt von bis zu 450 U/min. Die Drehzahl für die The speed for the main rotor is preferably up to 450 rpm. The speed for the
Planetenkorbanordnung beträgt bevorzugt zwischen 0,5 U/min und 5 U/min. Planetary cage arrangement is preferably between 0.5 U / min and 5 U / min.
Dadurch kann eine Durchmischung, insbesondere eine Lageänderung der kleinen Elemente während des Zentrifugierens gewährleistet werden. This ensures thorough mixing, in particular a change in position, of the small elements during centrifugation.
Der Abstand der Planetendrehachsen von der Hauptrotorachse beträgt bevorzugt zwischen 0,2 m und 1 m. The distance between the planetary axes of rotation and the main rotor axis is preferably between 0.2 m and 1 m.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung in Verbindung mit den in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention emerge from the following description in conjunction with the ones shown in the drawings
Ausführungsbeispielen. Embodiments.
In der Beschreibung, in den Ansprüchen und in der Zeichnung werden die in der unten aufgeführten Liste der Bezugszeichen verwendeten Begriffe und zugeordneten Bezugszeichen verwendet. In der Zeichnung bedeutet: In the description, in the claims and in the drawing, the terms and assigned reference symbols used in the list of reference symbols given below are used. In the drawing means:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführung einer Planetenzentrifuge in ihrer erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung, und 1 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a planetary centrifuge in its use according to the invention, and
Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführung einer Planetenzentrifuge in ihrer Fig. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a planetary centrifuge in its
erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung. use according to the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Planetenzentrifuge 10 mit einer Hauptdrehachse D, um die sich der Hauptrotor 14 in einer ersten Drehrichtung D1 dreht. Exzentrisch am Hauptrotor 14 ist eine erste Planetenkorbanordnung 18a und ihr symmetrisch zur Hauptdrehachse D gegenüberliegend eine zweite Planetenkorbanordnung 18b vorgesehen, wobei sich die Planetenkorbanordnungen 18a, 18b jeweils um ihre Planetendrehachsen P1 und P2 drehen. Die Planetenkorbanordnungen 18a, 18b umfassen je einen zylindrischen Planetenkorb 19a, 19b, der koaxial zur Planetendrehachse P1, P2 angeordnet ist. 1 shows a planetary centrifuge 10 with a main axis of rotation D about which the main rotor 14 rotates in a first direction of rotation D1. Eccentrically on the main rotor 14 is a first planetary cage arrangement 18a and a second planetary cage arrangement 18b opposite it symmetrically to the main axis of rotation D, the planetary cage arrangements 18a, 18b each revolving around their Rotate planetary axes of rotation P1 and P2. The planetary cage arrangements 18a, 18b each include a cylindrical planetary cage 19a, 19b which is arranged coaxially to the planetary rotation axis P1, P2.
Die Drehrichtung des Hauptrotors 14 läuft im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel entgegen dem The direction of rotation of the main rotor 14 runs counter to this in the present exemplary embodiment
Uhrzeigersinn, wohingegen die Drehrichtung der ersten Planetenkorbanordnung 18a im Uhrzeigersinn orientiert ist, die Drehrichtung der zweiten Planetenkorbanordnung 18b gegen den Uhrzeigersinn. Clockwise, whereas the direction of rotation of the first planetary cage arrangement 18a is oriented clockwise, the direction of rotation of the second planetary cage arrangement 18b is counterclockwise.
Die Drehzahl des Hauptrotors liegt im vorliegenden Fall bei 300 U/min und die Drehzahl der The speed of the main rotor is in the present case at 300 U / min and the speed of the
Planetenkorbanordnung 18a, 18b bei etwa 1 U/min. Planetary cage assembly 18a, 18b at about 1 rpm.
Durch die gegenläufige Drehung der Planetenkorbanordnungen wird das Rückstellmoment M1 das entgegen der Drehrichtung des Hauptrotors 14 um die Hauptrotordrehachse wirkt, reduziert, wobei sich ein Unwuchtmoment auf der Hauptdrehachse D ergibt. Das Unwuchtmoment ist im Vergleich zu dem, bei gleichläufiger Drehung der Planetenkorbanordnungen um die Hauptdrehachse wirkenden By rotating the planetary cage arrangements in opposite directions, the restoring torque M1, which acts counter to the direction of rotation of the main rotor 14 about the main rotor axis of rotation, is reduced, with an unbalance moment on the main axis of rotation D being produced. The unbalance moment is in comparison to the one that acts when the planetary cage arrangements rotate in the same direction about the main axis of rotation
Drehmoment deutlich geringer. Significantly lower torque.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine weitere schematische Ansicht einer Planetenzentrifuge, wie sie im erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsverfahren eingesetzt wird. Sie weist zusätzlich zu der in Fig.1 beschriebenen Anordnung zwei Planetenkorbanordnung 20a, 20b auf, die jeweils mit drei Planetenkörben 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c auf, die um die Planetendrehachse P1, P2 der Planetenkorbanordnung 20a, 20b gedreht werden. FIG. 2 shows a further schematic view of a planetary centrifuge as it is used in the coating method according to the invention. In addition to the arrangement described in FIG. 1, it has two planetary cage arrangements 20a, 20b, each with three planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c, which are rotated about the planetary axis of rotation P1, P2 of the planetary cage arrangement 20a, 20b .
Erfindungsgemäß werden alle Planetenkörbe 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c mit der gleichen oder der annähernd gleichen Menge an beschichteten Teilen befüllt. According to the invention, all planetary baskets 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c are filled with the same or approximately the same amount of coated parts.
Dadurch ergeben sich in einer Momentaufnahme während der Zentrifugation exemplarisch für die Planetenkorbanordnung 20a die Kräfte F1, F2, F3 aufgrund der in der in den Planetenkörben 16a, 16b, 16c verteilten Teile. Die Kräfte F2, F3 erzeugen ein Moment entgegen der Drehrichtung, wohingegen F1 ein Moment in Drehrichtung erzeugt. Dies reduziert erheblich die Belastung des Antriebsmotors für die Drehung der Planetenkorbanordnung 20a, 20b um die Planetendrehachse, was eine Drehung der Planetenkorbanordnung um 360° ermöglicht. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren führen die Planetenkorbanordnungen eine Drehung um ihre jeweiligen Planetendrehachsen P1, P2 um mehr als 360° aus, was zu einer Durchmischung und Lageänderung der zu beschichtenden Teile führt. Die Planetenkörbe 16a, 16b, 16 c, 22a, 22b, 22c sind in ihrer Wandung so beschaffen, dass die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit während der Zentrifugation aus den Planetenkörben abgeführt werden kann. Insbesondere sind sie als Gitterkörbe ausgeführt. Die jeweils drei Planetenkörbe 16a, 16b, 16 c, 22a, 22b, 22c umfassenden Planetenkorbanordnungen 20a, 20b werden erfindungsgemäß in gegenläufige Drehrichtungen gedreht. Dies reduziert durch die gegenläufige Drehung das um die Hauptdrehachse wirkende Rückstellmoment und durch die Mehrzahl an Planetenkörben das um die Planetendrehachsen wirkende Rückstellmoment als auch das As a result, in a snapshot during centrifugation, the forces F1, F2, F3 result, for example, for the planetary cage arrangement 20a due to the parts distributed in the planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c. The forces F2, F3 generate a moment against the direction of rotation, whereas F1 generates a moment in the direction of rotation. This considerably reduces the load on the drive motor for rotating the planetary cage arrangement 20a, 20b about the planetary axis of rotation, which enables the planetary cage arrangement to rotate through 360 °. According to the method according to the invention, the planetary cage arrangements rotate about their respective planetary axes of rotation P1, P2 by more than 360 °, which leads to a mixing and change in position of the parts to be coated. The wall of the planetary baskets 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c is such that the coating liquid can be removed from the planetary baskets during centrifugation. In particular, they are designed as mesh baskets. The planetary cage arrangements 20a, 20b comprising three planetary cages 16a, 16b, 16c, 22a, 22b, 22c are rotated in opposite directions of rotation according to the invention. This reduces the restoring torque acting around the main axis of rotation due to the opposite rotation and the restoring torque acting around the planetary axes of rotation due to the plurality of planetary cages
Unwuchtmoment. Unbalance moment.
Insgesamt führt diese Verwendung zu einem auch bei effektiven Teilemengen zu maschinentechnisch umsetzbaren Momentverhältnissen während des Schleudervorgangs. Overall, this use leads to a machine-technically realizable torque ratio during the spinning process even with effective quantities of parts.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit zuverlässig aus kleinsten schöpfenden Strukturen abgeschleudert werden. Dies hat insbesondere bei kleinen With the method according to the invention, the coating liquid can be reliably thrown off from the smallest scooping structures. This is especially important with small
Schraubenantrieben den Vorteil, dass eine überschüssige Beschichtung im Antrieb der idealen Aufnahme des Antriebs-Bits nicht entgegenwirkt. Screw drives have the advantage that an excess coating in the drive does not counteract the ideal mounting of the drive bit.
Dadurch kann der Durchsatz der in einem Beschichtungsvorgang zu bearbeitenden Teile erhöht werden. This allows the throughput of the parts to be processed in one coating process to be increased.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Beschichtungsverfahren zur Beschichtung von Teilen in einem Tauch-Schleuder-Verfahren, wobei die zu beschichtenden Teile in eine Beschichtungsflüssigkeit getaucht werden, wobei die zu beschichtenden Teile anschließend in wenigstens zwei Planetenkorbanordnungen (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), nämlich wenigstens in einer ersten und in einer zweiten 1. Coating process for coating parts in a dip-spinning process, the parts to be coated being immersed in a coating liquid, the parts to be coated then in at least two planetary cage arrangements (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), namely at least one first and in a second
Planetenkorbanordnung (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), die jeweils ein maximales Aufnahmevolumen bereitstellen, in einer Planetenzentrifuge (10) geschleudert werden, wobei die Planetary cage assembly (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), each providing a maximum receiving volume, are centrifuged in a planetary centrifuge (10), the
Planetenzentrifuge (10) einen um eine Hauptrotordrehachse (D) drehenden Hauptrotor (14) aufweist, wobei sich die wenigstens zwei Planetenkorbanordnungen (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) um ihre Planetendrehachse (P1, P2) drehen, und ferner die Planetendrehachsen (P1, P2) am Hauptrotor (14) beabstandet zur Hauptrotordrehachse (D) angeordnet sind, wobei die erste Planetenkorbanordnung (18a, 20a) während des Schleudervorgangs gegenläufig zur zweiten Planetenkorbanordnung (18b, 20b) um ihre jeweilige Planetendrehachse gedreht wird, wobei die Befüllung des Aufnahmevolumens nur bis zu höchstens 50% des maximalen Planetary centrifuge (10) has a main rotor (14) rotating about a main rotor axis of rotation (D), the at least two planetary cage arrangements (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) rotating about their planetary axis of rotation (P1, P2), and furthermore the planetary axes of rotation (P1, P2) are arranged on the main rotor (14) at a distance from the main rotor axis of rotation (D), the first planetary cage arrangement (18a, 20a) being rotated around its respective planetary cage arrangement (18b, 20b) in opposite directions during the centrifugal process, with the filling of the receiving volume only up to a maximum of 50% of the maximum
Aufnahmevolumens der Planetenkorbanordnung erfolgt. Recording volume of the planetary cage arrangement takes place.
2. Beschichtungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine 2. Coating method according to claim 1, characterized in that a
Planetenzentrifuge (10) verwendet wird, deren Planetendrehachsen (P1, P2) der Planetary centrifuge (10) is used, the planetary axes of rotation (P1, P2) of the
Planetenkorbanordnungen (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), parallel und symmetrisch zur Planetary cage arrangements (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b), parallel and symmetrical to
Hauptrotordrehachse (D) liegen. Main rotor axis of rotation (D).
3. Beschichtungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine 3. Coating method according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that a
Planetenzentrifuge (10) verwendet wird, die eine Planetenkorbanordnung (20a, 20b) aufweist, die eine Mehrzahl von Planetenkörben (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) umfasst, die um die Planetendrehachsen (P1, P2) der Planetenkorbanordnung (20a, 20b) drehbar angeordnet sind, wobei die Planetenkorbanordnung (20a, 20b) während des Schleudervorgangs gedreht wird. Planetary centrifuge (10) is used, which has a planetary cage arrangement (20a, 20b) which comprises a plurality of planetary cages (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) which are arranged around the planetary axes of rotation (P1, P2) of the planetary cage arrangement (20a , 20b) rotatably arranged are, wherein the planetary cage assembly (20a, 20b) is rotated during the spin process.
4. Beschichtungsverfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine 4. Coating method according to claim 3, characterized in that a
Planetenkorbanordnung (20a, 20b) mit einer ungeraden Anzahl an Planetenkörben (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) verwendet wird. Planetary cage arrangement (20a, 20b) with an odd number of planetary cages (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) is used.
5. Beschichtungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Planetenzentrifuge (10) verwendet wird, die mehrere Paare von 5. Coating method according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that a planetary centrifuge (10) is used, the several pairs of
Planetenkorbanordnungen (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) verwendet, wobei die zwei Planet cage assemblies (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) used, the two
Planetenkorbanordnungen (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) eines Paares gegenläufig gedreht werden. Planet cage assemblies (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) of a pair are rotated in opposite directions.
6. Beschichtungsverfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 6. Coating method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die zu beschichtenden Teile in den Planetenkörben (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) in die Beschichtungsflüssigkeit getaucht werden. characterized in that the parts to be coated in the planetary baskets (16a, 16b, 16c; 22a, 22b, 22c) are immersed in the coating liquid.
7. Beschichtungsverfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 7. Coating method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehzahl um die Hauptdrehachse (D) weniger als 450 U/min beträgt. characterized in that the speed around the main axis of rotation (D) is less than 450 rpm.
8. Beschichtungsverfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 8. Coating method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehzahl um die Planetendrehachse (P1, P2) zwischen 0,5 U/min und 5 U/min beträgt. characterized in that the speed around the planetary axis of rotation (P1, P2) is between 0.5 U / min and 5 U / min.
9. Beschichtungsverfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 9. Coating method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Planetenkorbanordnung (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) während des Schleudervorgangs um mehr als 360° um ihre Planetendrehachse (P1, P2) gedreht wird. characterized in that the planetary cage arrangement (18a, 18b, 20a, 20b) is rotated by more than 360 ° about its planetary axis of rotation (P1, P2) during the centrifugal process.
EP20729958.7A 2019-05-17 2020-05-15 Method for coating parts Active EP3969638B1 (en)

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TWI845683B (en) 2024-06-21
ES2949189T3 (en) 2023-09-26
KR20220008883A (en) 2022-01-21
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KR102615090B1 (en) 2023-12-15
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