EP3969020A1 - Procédé d'isolation des molécules contenues dans les couches organo-minérales des coquilles de mollusques marins bivalves - Google Patents
Procédé d'isolation des molécules contenues dans les couches organo-minérales des coquilles de mollusques marins bivalvesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3969020A1 EP3969020A1 EP20740708.1A EP20740708A EP3969020A1 EP 3969020 A1 EP3969020 A1 EP 3969020A1 EP 20740708 A EP20740708 A EP 20740708A EP 3969020 A1 EP3969020 A1 EP 3969020A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aragonite
- powder
- calcite
- calcitic
- supercritical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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Definitions
- the invention relates to the implementation of simultaneous and / or sequential steps aimed at separating, extracting and / or isolating all or part of the components contained in the internal aragonitic organo-mineral layer and in the calcitic organo-mineral layer outer shell of marine bivalve molluscs such as: Pinctada Maxima- Margaritifera- Martensi- Fucata, as well as Tridacnae Gigas- Maxima- Hippopus Hippopus- Derasa- Tevaroa- Crocea- Squamosa, Porcelanus.
- the external calcitic organo-mineral layer of the shell of these same mollusks also consists of a mineral fraction, composed of prisms of calcite, another polymorphic form of calcium carbonate, crystallizing in the rhombohedral system and of a fraction organic also consisting of soluble and insoluble protein and non-protein components, pigments and metals.
- the outer calcitic organo-mineral layer is richer than the inner aragonitic organo-mineral layer in melanin pigments and in metals associated with porphyrins and enzymes.
- the active molecules contained in the organic fractions of the internal organo-mineral aragonitic and external calcitic layers of the shells of the molluscs mentioned above are protein and non-protein components extracted by cold hydrolysis. These components are soluble and insoluble biopolymers which group together proteins, polypeptides and polysaccharides, as well as bio-monomers, amino acids and monosaccharides. All of them have many biological and pharmacological, osteo-inducing and healing properties among others. These properties are due to the presence of glycoproteins related to growth factors.
- the methods conventionally used to extract these molecules do not make it possible to extract all of the molecules, in particular those of low molecular weight having interesting properties, mainly antibiomimetics such as glycosamines, as well as lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, without forget about pigments, metalloenzymes and metalloporphyrins.
- the organic fraction of the internal aragonite organo-mineral layer of the shell of the molluscs mentioned contains, inter alia, fatty acids and total lipids (palmitic acid, stearic acid); it is the richest natural marine biomaterial in polyunsaturated fatty acids, in proportions of 0.2 to 3%. They are mostly polar and non-polar compounds represented by hydroxylated and non-hydroxylated ceramides, sulfate and / or acetate cholesterols, triglycerides and omega 3s.
- fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and immune properties, that they seem to play an inhibitory role in the development of certain tumor processes, in rheumatoid arthritis and in autoimmune diseases, and that these same lipids and fatty acids induce overexpression of filaggrin, a protein of the surface layer of the skin which has inhibitory properties of membrane transglutaminase (set of insoluble protein polymers involved in certain dermatoses), we can therefore understand their interest in the formulation of preparations for therapeutic purposes.
- filaggrin a protein of the surface layer of the skin which has inhibitory properties of membrane transglutaminase (set of insoluble protein polymers involved in certain dermatoses)
- a first object of the invention is a method of isolating molecules contained in an aragonitic organo-mineral layer and / or in a calcitic organo-mineral layer of a shell of a bivalve marine mollusk comprising the steps following:
- saturated aragonite solution comprising an aragonite liquid phase and an aragonite solid phase
- saturated calcite solution comprising a calcite liquid phase and a calcite solid phase
- the term “aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 ” is understood to mean a powder free of all or part of the soluble molecules contained in the aragonite organo-mineral layer.
- calcite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 is understood to mean a powder free of all or part of the soluble molecules contained in the calcitic organo-mineral layer.
- the bivalve marine mollusk can be chosen from Pinctada Maxima, Pinctada Margaritifera, Pinctada Martensi, Pinctada Fucata, Tridacnae Gigas, Tridacnae Maxima, Tridacnae Hippopus Hippopus, Tridacnae Derasa, Tridacnae Squadamosae Cridamosae, Cridamosae , Tridacnae Porcelanus and mixtures thereof.
- the shell can undergo, before step (a) of grinding, a grinding step to obtain on the one hand the aragonite organo-mineral layer and on the other hand the organo-mineral layer calcitic, said grinding step being optionally preceded by a step of pretreatment of the shell chosen from cleaning, ultrasonic treatment, rinsing, sterilization, drying, immersion in an isotonic bath and their mixtures.
- the calcitic organo-mineral layer obtained during the grinding step and / or used in step (a) of grinding can be pulverulent and have a particle size between 2 mm and 500 ⁇ m.
- the grinding step (a) can be carried out by planetary grinding.
- the planetary grinding of step (a) can comprise one or more cycles, in particular two cycles.
- Each planetary grinding cycle can, for example, be carried out dry or wet, in particular the first grinding cycle can be dry and the second cycle can be wet.
- the grinding step (a) can be carried out by:
- the grinding of the crushed aragonite powder and / or of the crushed calcite powder can be carried out by planetary grinding as described above.
- the crushed aragonite powder and / or the crushed calcite powder may have a particle size of between 10 ⁇ m and 2 mm.
- the aragonite powder and / or the calcite powder obtained during step (a) of grinding may have a particle size of 50 nm to 300 ⁇ m.
- the hot percolation step (b) can be carried out by wet sieving with a liquid whose temperature is greater than 30 ° C, in particular from 35 ° C to 75 ° C. , especially from 40 ° C to
- the liquid used in the hot percolation step (b) can be an aqueous solution, in particular an aqueous solution comprising methanol, an aqueous solution comprising a urea solution or their mixture.
- the aqueous solution can comprise from 1% to 10% of methanol, in particular from 2% to 7% of methanol, more particularly from 4.5% to 5.5% of methanol.
- step (b) of hot percolation can be carried out with a sieve machine comprising:
- a collection bottom equipped with a pipe which collects the saturated aragonite solution and / or the saturated calcite solution.
- the sieve may include 6 sieves whose pore diameter is, in the direction of flow of the liquid, 315 miti, 250 miti, 125 miti, 45 miti, 20 miti and 10 miti .
- the aragonite percolating powder and / or the calcitic percolating powder may have a particle size greater than the diameter of the sieve, the diameter of which is the smallest among the diameters of the sieves of the sieve, in particular a particle size greater than 10 ⁇ m, more particularly from 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the aragonite liquid phase of the aragonite saturated solution may comprise water-soluble and fat-soluble molecules contained in the aragonite organo-mineral layer.
- the aragonite solid phase of the aragonite saturated solution can comprise: - insoluble molecules contained in the aragonite organo-mineral layer, such as insoluble protein and non-protein molecules, and
- the calcitic liquid phase of the saturated calcitic solution may comprise water-soluble and fat-soluble molecules contained in the calcitic organo-mineral layer.
- the calcitic solid phase of the saturated calcitic solution can comprise:
- insoluble molecules contained in the calcitic organo-mineral layer such as insoluble protein and non-protein molecules
- the separation step (c) is carried out by centrifugation and the recovered liquid phase is called the supernatant and the recovered solid phase is called the pellet.
- the powder of the aragonite base and / or the powder of the calcite base, in particular the powder of the aragonite base may undergo a spheronization step.
- the aragonite pellet and / or the calcite pellet, in particular the calcite pellet can undergo step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2.
- step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 can be implemented in an installation comprising:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 are at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixture.
- the particle size of the aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 is less than or equal to the particle size of the percolating aragonite powder, in particular equal to the particle size of the percolating aragonite powder.
- the particle size of the calcite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 is less than or equal to the particle size of the percolation calcite powder, in particular equal to the particle size of the percolation calcite powder.
- the isolation method may comprise, after step (c) of separation carried out by centrifugation, the following steps:
- the filtration step (e) can be carried out on a bed of Celite or a membrane.
- the aragonite concentrate and / or the calcite concentrate can comprise at least one metal chosen from Mn, Fe, Zn, Ba, Sr, Mg, Cu, Al, Ni, V, Cr, Mo and their mixtures.
- step (g) of sonication can be implemented with a sonotrode at a frequency between 20 kHz and 200 kHz.
- the method may comprise, after step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2, the following steps:
- the insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) washing and super-centrifugation are at least those from insoluble biopolymers, insoluble organic pigments and their mixture.
- step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis can be carried out:
- aqueous solution comprising acetic acid and whose pH is acidic, in particular less than 6, more particularly less than 4.5.
- the steps (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation can be carried out one or more times.
- the insoluble molecules recovered can then be dried to obtain a dry extract of insoluble molecules.
- step (a) of grinding is carried out separately on the aragonitic organo-mineral layer and on the calcitic organo-mineral layer to obtain the aragonite powder and the calcite powder.
- step (b) is carried out separately on the aragonite powder and on the calcite powder to obtain:
- step (c) of separation is carried out separately on the saturated aragonite solution and the saturated calcite solution in order to recover:
- the separation step (c) is carried out by centrifugation and separately on the saturated aragonite solution and the saturated calcite solution to recover:
- step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 is carried out separately on the percolating aragonite powder and on a mixture of the percolating calcite powder and the calcite base.
- step (a) of grinding is carried out separately on the aragonitic organo-mineral layer and on the calcitic organo-mineral layer to obtain the aragonite powder and the calcite powder;
- step (b) of hot percolation is carried out separately on the aragonite powder and on the calcite powder to obtain:
- step (c) is carried out by centrifugation and separately on the saturated aragonite solution and the saturated calcite solution in order to recover:
- step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 is carried out separately on the aragonite percolation powder and on a mixture of the percolation calcite powder and the calcite base.
- the filtration step (e) is carried out separately on the aragonite supernatant and on the calcite supernatant to obtain the filtered aragonite supernatant and the filtered calcite supernatant.
- the concentration step (f) is carried out on a mixture of the filtered aragonite supernatant and of the filtered calcite supernatant to obtain a mixture of concentrates.
- step (g) of sonication is carried out on a mixture of concentrates to obtain a mixture of colloidal emulsions.
- step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis is carried out on a mixture of aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO2 and calcitic powder treated with supercritical CO2 to extract the insoluble molecules from the mixture of said powders.
- step (i) of washing and super centrifugation is carried out to isolate and recover the insoluble molecules extracted from the mixture of aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO2 and calcite powder treated with CO2 during step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis.
- - filtration step (e) is performed separately on the aragonite supernatant and on the filtered calcite supernatant to obtain the filtered aragonite supernatant and the filtered calcite supernatant;
- - step (f) of concentration is carried out on a mixture of the filtered aragonite supernatant and of the filtered calcite supernatant to obtain a mixture of concentrates;
- step (g) of sonication is carried out on a mixture of concentrates to obtain a mixture of colloidal emulsions
- step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis is carried out on a mixture of aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 and calcite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 in order to extract the insoluble molecules from the mixture of said powders;
- step (i) of washing and super-centrifugation is carried out to isolate and recover the insoluble molecules extracted from the mixture of aragonitic powder treated with supercritical CO 2 and calcitic powder treated with CO 2 during step (h) d cold acid hydrolysis.
- step (a) of grinding is carried out separately on the aragonitic organo-mineral layer and on the calcitic organo-mineral layer to obtain the aragonite powder and the calcite powder;
- step (b) of hot percolation is carried out separately on the aragonite powder and on the calcite powder to obtain:
- step (c) is carried out by centrifugation and separately on the saturated aragonite solution and the saturated calcite solution in order to recover:
- step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 is carried out separately on the aragonitic percolation powder and on a mixture of the calcitic percolation powder and the calcite base;
- step (e) is carried out separately on the aragonite supernatant and on the filtered calcite supernatant to obtain the filtered aragonite supernatant and the filtered calcite supernatant;
- step (f) of concentration is carried out on a mixture of the filtered aragonite supernatant and of the filtered calcite supernatant to obtain a mixture of concentrates;
- step (g) of sonication is carried out on a mixture of concentrates to obtain a mixture of colloidal emulsions
- step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis is carried out on a mixture of aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 and calcite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 in order to extract the insoluble molecules from the mixture of said powders;
- step (i) of washing and super-centrifugation is carried out to isolate and recover the insoluble molecules extracted from the mixture of aragonitic powder treated with supercritical CO 2 and calcitic powder treated with CO 2 during step (h) d cold acid hydrolysis.
- the isolation method of the invention makes it possible to obtain:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures,
- insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation, in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures.
- the isolation method of the invention makes it possible to obtain:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures, and
- insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation, in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures.
- the isolation method of the invention makes it possible to obtain the aragonite pellet instead of the aragonite solid phase and / or the calcite pellet at the instead of the calcitic solid phase, said pellets optionally being spheronized.
- Another object of the invention is a composition comprising:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures,
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process
- insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation, in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures.
- the composition can comprise:
- aragonite solid phase recovered during separation step (c) as described above in connection with the isolation process, said aragonite solid phase being optionally spheronized, and at least one component chosen from:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures,
- insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation, in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures.
- the composition can result from the mixture of these compounds.
- the composition may further comprise a mixture of essential and vegetable oils.
- the composition comprises:
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- the composition can comprise:
- step (g) of sonication sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- the composition can comprise: the aragonite solid phase and / or the calcitic solid phase recovered during the separation step (c) as described above in connection with the process insulation, said solid phases optionally being spheronized,
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures, and
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- the composition can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures, and
- step (g) of sonication sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- the composition can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process
- the composition can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures,
- insoluble molecules recovered during stages (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and (i) of washing and super-centrifugation, in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures.
- the aragonite solid phase recovered during step (c) of separation included in the composition which is the subject of the invention can be replaced by the aragonite pellet recovered during step (c) separation carried out by centrifugation, said aragonite pellet optionally being spheronized.
- the calcitic solid phase recovered during step (c) of separation included in the composition which is the subject of the invention can be replaced by the calcite pellet recovered during step (c) separation carried out by centrifugation as described above in connection with the isolation process, said calcite pellet optionally being spheronized.
- Another subject of the invention is a composition as described above for its use as a medicament.
- Another object of the invention is a method of therapeutic treatment in which the composition as described above is administered to a subject in need thereof.
- the therapeutic treatment is chosen from the treatment of a skin disease, the prevention of a skin disease.
- the skin disease is chosen from dermatitis, dermatoses such as vitiligo and psoriasis.
- the composition can be administered topically.
- the composition can also be used as a bone substitute, cement, implant, osteosynthesis devices, medical device in therapy.
- the bone substitute can be chosen from an extrudable bone substitute, in particular packaged in a vacuum syringe, a bone substitute with a porous collagen support, a bone substitute with a mineral frame of animal or human origin and theirs. mixtures.
- the cement is chosen from stent sealing cement, injectable cement for minimally invasive surgery in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.
- Another subject of the invention is a non-therapeutic use of a composition as described above.
- Another object of the invention is a method of non-therapeutic treatment in which the composition as described above is applied to a person who needs it.
- the composition can be used in cosmetics, in particular in the treatment of ptosis, dermocutaneous depressions, deep and superficial wrinkles, and prevention of body aging.
- compositions as described above as a culture medium, in particular as a culture medium for the maturation and / or proliferation of stem cells or progenitor cells.
- composition used as culture medium can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures, and
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- composition used as culture medium can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures, and
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- Another subject of the invention is another composition comprising:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO2 as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and their mixtures,
- step (g) of sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- the other composition can comprise:
- the soluble molecules obtained during step (d) of treatment with CO2 supercritical as described above in connection with the isolation process in particular at least those from soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, soluble pigments and mixtures thereof,
- step (g) of sonication sonication as described above in connection with the isolation process.
- Another subject of the invention is the other composition as described above for its use as a medicament.
- Another object of the invention is a method of therapeutic treatment in which the other composition as described above is administered to a subject in need thereof.
- the therapeutic treatment is chosen from chronic autoimmune pathologies.
- the chronic autoimmune pathologies can be rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, arteriosclerosis, type II diabetes, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. , especially psoriasis.
- the other composition can be administered by intramuscular, intravenous and / or subcutaneous injection.
- the invention consists of a method implementing a step (b) of hot percolation of the aragonitic and calcitic powders, ie of the internal aragonitic and external organo-mineral layers of the shells reduced to powder during a step ( a) grinding.
- the saturated solution resulting from hot percolation step (b) can then undergo a separation step (c) carried out by centrifugation, then optionally a concentration step (f) and a sonication step (g). All or part of the powder which has been the subject of hot percolation step (b) undergoes a supercritical CO 2 treatment step (d).
- the shells of the molluscs concerned after having been cleaned are subjected to an ultrasonic treatment for, for example, 30 minutes in a solution of network water at 50 ° C supplemented with a bactericidal, disinfectant, virucidal preparation of UC38 type .
- the shells thus treated are then rinsed, for example, with mains water at a temperature of approximately 50 ° C then immersed in a solution of sodium hypochlorite stabilized at 2.5% for 30 minutes, rinsed with water network for 5 minutes. They are then immersed in a solution of surgical Calbenium® for 1 hour, dried by a flow of air, then conditioned in autoclavable bags.
- the shells can then undergo one or more sterilization steps.
- the sterilization step can consist of three successive “Medical prion” sterilizations at 132 ° C for 85 minutes each.
- the sterilized shells can then be air-dried and set aside.
- the shells can be immersed in an isotonic "marine plasma" bath.
- This step can advantageously rebalance the initial water and mineral content of the aragonitic and calcitic organo-mineral layers of the shells, which would possibly have been modified by a prolonged stay of the shells outside the marine environment and / or by the successive treatments.
- This immersion step can last 48 hours.
- the mineral content in isotonic "marine plasma” can be as follows: either Na 12.88 mg / L, Br 66.3 mg / L, Zn 0.083 mg / L, K 493 mg / L, P 0.707 mg / l, Ca 442 mg / L, Mg 1.29 mg / L, Cu 0.007 mg / L.
- the shells are then dried in a draft and then set aside.
- the calcitic organo-mineral layer can undergo a grinding step.
- This grinding step can be performed using a coarse-grained diamond grinding wheel, for example, under current filtered and refrigerated seawater at a temperature between 2 and 4 ° C.
- a pulverulent grinding product is then obtained, with a particle size of 2 mm to 500 ⁇ m.
- the grinding product is reserved as well as the aragonitic organo-mineral layer freed from the calcitic organo-mineral layer.
- the aragonite organo-mineral layer can be crushed in a crusher with jaws and zirconium oxide walls of the Pulverisette 1 Premium Line type, FRITSCH, until a crushed aragonite powder is obtained, the particle size of which can be included. between 10 pm and 2 mm.
- This crushed aragonite powder can then be ground by planetary grinding.
- Planetary grinding can be carried out using a zirconia bowl and zirconia balls.
- 25 zirconium beads 20 mm in diameter and 300 g of crushed aragonite powder are placed in two zirconium bowls with a capacity of 500 ml each, previously frozen for 24 hours at a temperature of minus 30 ° C.
- the bowls are then introduced into the grinding chamber of a planetary mill of the 5 PL, FRITSCH Pulverisette type for 2 grinding cycles, at a speed of 400 rpm, of 5 minutes each.
- the second grinding cycle can be carried out by wet process, for example by adding additives in the form of liquid, high boiling point and low vapor pressure, for example ppi water or alcohols such as isopropanol or ethanol.
- the product of grinding the calcitic organo-mineral layer can undergo the same grinding step as that undergone by the organo-mineral layer.
- aragonite at the end of which it is also possible to obtain a calcite powder with a particle size of between 50 nm and 300 ⁇ m.
- the aragonite and calcite powders obtained by grinding can be sterilized with gamma radiation at 25 KGy before undergoing a hot percolation step.
- Step (b) of hot percolation [0110] Step (b) of hot percolation.
- Hot percolation is a method of filtration through a permeable medium which makes it possible to wet extract soluble components.
- Hot percolation has been found to be advantageous for two reasons. On the one hand, the optical microscope observation of the aragonite powder after grinding, showed agglomerates of grains of different diameters stuck together by organic residues. On the other hand, hot percolation, for example in the presence of methanol, makes it possible to solubilize the lipids bound to the proteins of the organic fraction of the aragonite organo-mineral layer.
- the wet sieving can be carried out with a Filtra type sieve machine, which comprises, from top to bottom:
- the parameters of the sieve are set to the maximum amplitude, the vibration time for a period of approximately 5 minutes.
- a defined quantity of aragonite powder from 500 g to 1 kg, can be placed in the upper sieve so as to produce a permeable filter of variable thickness; a tank overhanging the sieve is filled with water p.p.i at 45 ° C supplemented with 5% methanol in order to dissolve the lipids.
- a solution of urea as chaotropic agent, at a concentration of 4 mol / L, in order to split the proteins of high molecular weight. .
- the solution is sprayed onto the powder which behaves like a filtration membrane, the filtering power of which is optimized by the vibrations of the sieve by creating a vortex.
- the grains of the aragonite powder of smaller diameters can be entrained by the ppi water solution from the first sieve, the diameter of which is the largest, towards the lower sieves. on which they are deposited according to their diameters, up to the last sieve with the smallest diameter.
- the last sieve may have a diameter of 10 ⁇ m which retains grains with diameters greater than 10 ⁇ m, allowing grains of 10 ⁇ m and less to pass.
- the product of the percolation is a saturated solution composed of a liquid phase and a solid phase, said liquid phase contains all or part of the water-soluble and liposoluble components of the aragonite organo-mineral layer, said solid phase contains the insoluble components of the aragonite organo-mineral layer and of the aragonite grains the diameter of which is less than or equal to the diameter of the last sieve, in particular from 50 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- Hot percolation step (b) also produces a percolating aragonite powder containing aragonite grains whose diameter may be greater than the diameter of the last sieve, in particular greater than 10 ⁇ m.
- the hot percolation step (b) can be applied in an identical manner to the calcite powder resulting from the step (a) of grinding the calcitic organo-mineral layer.
- Step (c) of separation In order to separate the liquid phase and the solid phase from the saturated solution resulting from the hot percolation step (b), a separation step (c) can be applied to the saturated solution to recover on the one hand the liquid phase and on the other hand the solid phase.
- this separation step (c) can be carried out by centrifugation and the liquid phase recovered is called the supernatant and the solid phase recovered is called the pellet. Only this example is described here, but those skilled in the art will know how to implement separation techniques other than centrifugation to carry out this step (c).
- the separation step (c) carried out by centrifugation can be carried out in a Lisa-type centrifuge, 2 liters, equipped with 4 buckets which can receive 4 vials with a unit capacity of 300 ml of solution.
- the rotation speed can be increased to 18,000 rpm, the temperature fixed at 5 ° C and the rotation time fixed at 20 minutes.
- the aragonite pellet and / or the calcite pellet can, for their part, be dried, for example in an oven at 25 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the aragonite pellet and / or the calcite pellet can have a particle size between 10 ⁇ m and 50 nm and contain the insoluble protein and non-protein components.
- the aragonite pellet can then be spheronized and reserved for sterilization with gamma radiation at 25 kGy.
- the calcite base can, for its part, be reserved.
- Step (c) of separation carried out by centrifugation can be carried out one or more times.
- CO2 in the supercritical state has very specific properties: a coefficient of diffusivity, the possibility of extracting the soluble components rather of low molecular weight and nonpolar, as well as the materials. greasy, without generating polluting residues. It also has disinfectant properties vis-à-vis viruses and bacteria. In addition, the addition of co-solvents makes it possible to increase the solvent power thereof. It also has a low coefficient of viscosity and an absence of surface tension, which increases its penetrating power, facilitated by the physico-chemical nature of aragonite and calcite biocrystals, hydrophilic biomaterials, permeable to gases, including CO 2 , a fortiori when it is supercritical.
- the installation of a reactor for treatment with supercritical CO 2 comprises 5 main elements:
- Step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 can be applied to the percolating aragonite powder according to the following procedure:
- the aragonite percolation powder collected in the screens after hot percolation step (b) is placed.
- the exchanger valve opens, releasing the supercritical CO 2 , it is injected into the reactor where the reaction for extracting the molecules of interest (soluble biopolymers, fatty acids, lipids, pigments) takes place.
- the dissolved substances are recovered according to their nature in one or two extractors connected to the reactor, where the lowering of the temperature and the pressure cause them to precipitate in dry form.
- the CO 2 becomes gaseous again when it leaves to be recovered, in order to be used for a new extraction cycle.
- Step (d) of treatment with supercritical CO 2 can be applied in an identical manner to the calcite percolation powder and optionally to the calcite base.
- Step (e) of filtration [0134]
- the aragonite supernatant and / or the calcite supernatant can be filtered during a filtration step (f) to obtain a filtered aragonite supernatant and / or a filtered calcitic supernatant which can then be reserved.
- filtration step (f) can be carried out on a Celite bed or a membrane.
- the filtered aragonitic supernatant and / or the filtered calcitic supernatant can be concentrated, for example, in a Buchi-type Rotavapor at a temperature of 40 ° C, the speed of rotation of the heating flask set at 10 rpm and a vacuum of 23.33 mbar.
- This concentration step (f) makes it possible to obtain an aragonite concentrate and / or a calcite concentrate, the concentration factor of which may be 1/4.
- This concentrate may exhibit an allochromatic coloration varying from yellow to orange, from red to brown or gray, colors due to the presence of pigments originating from the metals which are contained therein either Mn, Fe, Zn, Ba, Sr, Mg, Cu, Al, Ni, V, Cr, Mo.
- Step (g) of sonication [0140] Step (g) of sonication.
- Sonication is a process using mechanical and acoustic waves in a liquid medium, for example using a sonotrode, at a frequency between 20 kHz and 200 kHz depending on the initial viscosity of the concentrate.
- sonication makes it possible to trigger and accelerate the reactions and hence, to modify and potentiate the pharmacological and pharmacodynamic properties of the active soluble molecules.
- cavitation causes the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, which results in an improvement in the yield of the reactions, a reduction in the reaction time of the molecules of interest between them and an exponential potentiation of the anti-radical properties of some of them.
- the solution to be treated can be placed in an ultrasonic tank in which is immersed a sonotrode whose tip is located at least 1 cm from the surface and from the walls, in order to avoid the formation of electric arcs.
- Sonication step (g) can be applied for 30 min at the end of which an increase in the viscosity of the concentrate can be observed.
- the concentrate is then in the form of a stable colloidal emulsion thanks to the physicochemical modification and the arrangement of the collagen components.
- the colloidal emulsion can then be sterilized either by microfiltration, sterilizing filtration, or by 25 kGy gamma radiation.
- the product can be reserved at a temperature of 5 ° C.
- Step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and step (i) of washing and supercentrifugation [0146] Step (h) of cold acid hydrolysis and step (i) of washing and supercentrifugation.
- the aragonite powder treated with supercritical CO 2 and the calcitic powder treated with supercritical CO 2 can be combined and placed in a hydrolysis reactor, refrigerated, of adequate capacity, filled with pyrogen-free water at 2 ° C.
- An adjustment of the ionic strength can first be carried out in order to weaken any ionic interactions, mineral matrix / proteins.
- the solution is added with 0.5 mol NaCl with stirring for 30 min, ie, depending on the ratio, 1 kg of powder per 25 liters of water and 5 liters of NaCl.
- a first centrifugation is then carried out, for example at 18,000 G.
- the pellet is taken up by a adequate amount of pyrogen-free water to which 80% acetic acid is added at the same ratio.
- the whole is maintained at a temperature between 1 and 4 ° C. for a pH below 4.5, with constant stirring.
- An emulsion is obtained which is diluted with pyrogen-free water to break it; the presence or absence of undissolved calcium carbonate is checked using oxalic acid. This is removed through gauze and by settling.
- a suspension of insoluble proteins and other components is obtained, in particular insoluble pigments, which is centrifuged continuously, for example, at 18,000 G.
- the centrifugation pellet is taken up with stirring in the same quantity of acetic acid diluted to 5%, intended to dissolve any residue of calcium carbonate.
- the centrifugation pellet undergoes two successive washings in the same quantity of pyrogen-free water, the pH is adjusted to 7 by adding sodium hydroxide.
- a colloidal emulsion obtained from step (g) of sonication composed of soluble polymers, soluble organic pigments (beta-carotene), metals, metalloproteins, metalloenzymes, growth factors, glycoproteins, glycosamines, lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids,
- EXAMPLE 1 Formulation of a sealing cement which can be used in arthroplasty
- the cartilaginous coating of the articular surfaces wears out and the progressive deterioration reveals changes resulting in pain and functional impotence characterizing, for example, hip disease, which ultimately require the fitting of a prosthesis.
- This generally consists of a hemispherical cup implanted at the acetabulum of the iliac bone, a rod implanted in the femoral shaft ending in a hemispherical head. These two parts are articulated by means of a polyethylene or ceramic insert.
- the stem of the femoral prosthesis and the cup are usually either sealed with a surgical cement based on methyl methacrylate or impacted.
- the use of the spheronized aragonite powder, with a particle size between 50 nm and 10 ⁇ m, is justified for the following reasons: the spheronization is intended initially to ensure better injectability and flowability of the cement and to promote the creation of an interconnected porosity with pores of 10 to 100 ⁇ m essential for osteoconduction.
- Soluble and insoluble proteins which stimulate cell differentiation and proliferation as well as osteogenesis, play a capital role in building bone architecture.
- the addition of the carbonated calcium carbonate confers on the whole plasticity, adhesiveness and malleability, favored by the spheronization of the aragonite grains, making handling and insertion easier.
- the addition of a setting accelerator makes it possible to modify the preparation time, the initial setting time and the final setting time.
- the colloidal emulsion obtained during sonication step (g), added to the mixture makes it possible to obtain a fluid, homogeneous and stable paste.
- Cement was used for the experimental cementation of a stent stem in the femoral shaft of a calf.
- Postoperative X-ray showed densification around the tail of the prosthesis, characteristic of the presence of calcium carbonate, the major component of the mineral fraction of the internal aragonite organo-mineral layer, densification which will gradually diminish during processing. cement in newly formed bone and merge with that of the recipient bone. The prosthesis then behaves like an impacted prosthesis.
- EXAMPLE 2 Modelable bone substitute for the resumption of osteoarticular prostheses
- the particle size of the aragonite powder is chosen to promote the creation of an open and interconnected porosity, conducive to rapid osteo-conduction, associated with the osteoinductive properties of the bone substitute, and also with its antibiomimetic properties.
- the bone substitute was used after removal of the fractured orthopedic material, trimming of necrotic tissue and placement of an osteosynthesis plate, without antibiotic prophylaxis.
- the antibiomimetic properties were confirmed by microbial load checks on the product according to the invention before use, which demonstrated an inhibition of microbial proliferation in particular on strains of Candida albicans, Aspergillus brasilensis, Staphilococus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis.
- the postoperative follow-up showed sedation of the infectious episode and the postoperative X-rays at 3 months demonstrated ad integrum restitution of the bone tissue.
- the bone substitute was also used in a hospital environment in another critical clinical case of resumption of treatment of a comminuted fracture with small fragments of the lower third of the femur, 15 cm long, after failure of the orthopedic treatment by nail. intramedullary and two attempts at iliac transplants over a period of 2 years, with the following clinical picture: rhabdomyolysis, coma and vital prognosis.
- the exemplified bone substitute was molded into a cylinder shape to the dimensions of the loss of substance and placed between the distal and proximal fragments.
- the postoperative period at 4 months allowed unipodal support and almost normal walking at 7 months.
- Radiological control showed reconstruction not only of the cortex of normal thickness but also the permeabilization of the medullary canal between the proximal and distal fragments of the restored femur.
- the inventors also propose the use of the bone substitute in minimally invasive surgery, in kyphoplasty, in vertebroplasty, in the treatment of osteoporosis, fractures and vertebral compression.
- the bone substitute of the example can also be used in maxillofacial surgery and in stomatology.
- EXAMPLE 3 Topical preparation for the treatment of severe rebellious dermatoses
- the formulation of the topical preparation of the example is:
- a mixture containing 5 g of urea, 10 g of allantoin, 3 g of salicylic acid and 30 ml of colloidal emulsion is also prepared.
- Vitiligo is a non-contagious, serious, difficult and long-to-treat dermatosis, with very significant psycho-social repercussions, which affects 0.5 to 2% of the world population and whose evolution is unpredictable. It results in depigmentation of the skin, either by diffuse plaques, by zones or generalized. It is manifested by the appearance of white patches due to the disappearance of melanocytes, cells that make melanin, the main pigment in the skin.
- the therapeutic possibilities are limited. They range from UVB use, topical corticosteroids and biosimilars, to topical preparations, and as a last resort to surgical melanocyte grafts or thin skin grafts.
- most of the treatments offered can have bothersome or serious side effects.
- Vitiligo is often accompanied by an alteration and thinning of the skin coating, due to a fragility of the keratinocytes which are accidentally eliminated by microtrauma in the areas of friction.
- melanocytes and hair bulbs, melanin reservoirs due to their maturation dysfunction, due to a problem of cohesion and attachment with the basement membrane and the adjacent keratinocytes.
- the inventors propose a topical preparation intended to modify the metabolism of the area. dermocutaneous by inducing the maturation, recruitment, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells of all types, in particular melanocytes, keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
- the formulation of the topical preparation of the example is as follows:
- the components of the topical preparation are, among others, low molecular weight glycoproteins having BMP like properties, including TNEb, EGF, TGF, which have biological activities in the synthesis, proliferation, maturation of all the cell lines of the basal layer of the epidermis and more particularly on the melanocytes. It also naturally contains free pigments such as beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, which plays an essential role in the synthesis of melanin; also melanin pigments associated with porphyrins, with enzymes, in the form of metalloporphyrins, metalloenzymes, which are involved in the coloring of biological tissues.
- BMP like properties including TNEb, EGF, TGF, which have biological activities in the synthesis, proliferation, maturation of all the cell lines of the basal layer of the epidermis and more particularly on the melanocytes. It also naturally contains free pigments such as beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, which plays an essential role in the synthesis of melanin; also
- the mixture of essential and vegetable oils of the topical preparation of the example has the following formulation for 100ml:
- the pharmacological properties and the interactions of the natural components of the topical preparation also have an action on the stimulation and the multiplication of the melanosomes as well as on the transfer of the matrix melanin present in the melanosomes towards the surrounding keratinocytes, which ensure the turn-over of the epidermal population as well as the regeneration of hair follicles, melanin reservoirs.
- the soluble molecules of interest contained in the colloidal emulsion after sonication such as among others the proteins of low molecular weight related to growth factors or that cytokines, which otherwise have pleiotropic properties, inhibit lipid peroxidation by preventing the attachment of singlet oxygen (102) to the double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- This has the consequence of preventing the deterioration of these acids, proteins and biomolecules in general, deterioration responsible for the production of new free radicals harmful to the skin coating.
- the topical preparation is recommended in the treatment of vitiligo na ⁇ ve to any prior treatment; however during old vitiligos or having been the subject of iterative treatments without visible results, which generally cause the migration of melanocytes and keratinocytes as well as the disappearance of the hair bulbs, it is possible, in order to cause a more active penetration and from the topical according to the invention to the basal layer, to combine the application of the latter with the use of an iontophoresis medical device whose principle is to promote the transcutaneous penetration of a product that can be ionized by the application to the skin of a galvanic current of low intensity using an electrode causing the migration of ions in the direction chosen according to the polarity of the electrode.
- EXAMPLE 5 Cosmetic preparation for correcting wrinkles and dermal depressions.
- the inventors propose the cosmetic use of the composition according to the invention for the correction of ptosis, skin depression, deep and superficial wrinkles, prevention of body aging.
- composition of the example is as follows:
- 68 ml of colloidal emulsion obtained during step (g) of sonication and 2 g of sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose In practice, a solution of sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose is first prepared: in a mixer, 68 ml of colloidal emulsion, 2 g of sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose are placed. The whole is stirred for 20 minutes and left in the cold at 5 ° C. for 12 hours until a gel forms.
- composition is packaged in 1 ml syringes fitted with 0.4 mm / 20 mm screwed needles, then placed in double packaging before being sterilized with gamma radiation at 25 kGy.
- composition has significant advantages through its physicochemical composition, the properties of its natural components which result in an absence of postoperative pain and inflammatory phenomena.
- composition exemplified is subject to the local systemic regulation of the recipient and produces its orrective effects for a prolonged period.
- Tanning is a reaction of defense and adaptation of the skin to the attacks of the sun and more precisely to UVA and UVB rays, by coloring the skin by an increased production of melanin by the melanocytes: this is tanning.
- Excessive exposure to the sun causes the system to run away, and the resulting oxidative stress induces sunburn, allergies, pigment spots, burns, skin aging, not to mention the fact that repeated exposure and exaggerated eventually causes an alteration of microRNAs cells which can lead to their deterioration and the appearance of skin cancer.
- composition of this example for the preparation of a sunscreen has the following formulation:
- Excipient qsp per 100 ml 10 g of spheronized aragonite powder, 5 g of insoluble biopolymers, 1 g of soluble biopolymers, 20 ml of colloidal emulsion, 10 ml of concentrated Coco Nucifera solution, 0.05 ml of palmitate are prepared. ascorbyl. The whole is placed in a blender and mixed for 1 hour. The excipient is then added to this assembly: the whole is mixed for 1 hour until a cream is obtained.
- the protection index noted under experimental conditions is between 10 and 40.
- composition was tested on about ten individuals with fair skin ranging from red to blond, whose sun exposure always resulted in erythema, even burns and an absence of tanning.
- the application of the composition of the example over a period of 10 days with summer sunshine enabled all of the individuals tested not only to avoid the occurrence of erythema or burns but also to ensure a uniform tan. resulting from stimulation of melanogenesis.
- the hot percolation, centrifugation, concentration, sonication and supercritical CO2 treatment steps make it possible to extract active molecules such as cytokines and growth factors. These molecules have pleiotropic properties which determine several phenotypic characters and with local systemic activity, participating in tissue homeostatic regulation, in particular anti-inflammatory, on cytokines of inflammation such as TNFa, interleukins IL-23, IL-17 , common to many pathologies.
- the injectable solution of this example which can be used in biotherapy by intramuscular, intravenous and / or subcutaneous injections, can be formulated as follows:
- the soluble biopolymers are added to the colloidal emulsion and then placed in an oven at 25 ° C for 12 h, with stirring every 6 h until complete dissolution.
- the assembly is then packaged in crimped ampoules which are sterilized with gamma radiation at 25 kGy.
- EXAMPLE 8 Culture medium for the maturation and proliferation of animal and human stem cells and progenitor cells
- Progenitor cells are an advanced stage of stem cells, although having limited dividing properties; they are the basis of tissue repair and, due to their reduced mobility, are found close to target tissues.
- the inventors therefore also propose the preparation of culture media for the maturation and proliferation of animal and human stem cells and progenitor cells.
- Such a medium comprises:
- a culture medium is placed in a bioreactor, which can be aerobic or anaerobic, into which autologous progenitor cells, muscle cells or those originating from the periosteum, are introduced for the purpose of multiplying them.
- a bioreactor which can be aerobic or anaerobic, into which autologous progenitor cells, muscle cells or those originating from the periosteum, are introduced for the purpose of multiplying them.
- ci for an incubation period of 0 to 15 days.
- the progenitor cells are obtained by biopsies, extracted by enzymatic digestion according to the usual method.
- the preparation can be used in the donor subject for indications such as tissue regeneration of all types: major burns, extensive wounds, muscle destruction, extensive loss of substance, periodontal disease. The use can be made during a common surgical act, either by injection or in minimally invasive surgery.
- EXAMPLE 9 Production of a capsule for "per os" administration
- the aragonite powder, the soluble and insoluble biopolymers, as well as the acerola powder are mixed with the colloidal emulsion. The whole is mixed for 10 minutes, then placed in an oven at 30 ° C. for 3 hours until a paste with a viscosity of 10 2 Pa.S.
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FR1904913A FR3095947B1 (fr) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Procédé d'isolation des molécules contenues dans les couches organo-minérales des coquilles de mollusques marins bivalves |
PCT/FR2020/050786 WO2020229771A1 (fr) | 2019-05-13 | 2020-05-12 | Procédé d'isolation des molécules contenues dans les couches organo-minérales des coquilles de mollusques marins bivalves |
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US (1) | US20230115562A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3969020A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2022532373A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20220027842A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN114080229A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2020273608A1 (fr) |
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CA (1) | CA3140206A1 (fr) |
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FR2777190B1 (fr) * | 1998-04-14 | 2001-07-27 | Georges Camprasse | Procede d'extraction, identification des principes actifs contenus dans la coquille interne et externe des mollusques marins, leur utilisation dans des preparations a visee thera peutique,diagnostic et cosmetique |
FR2856303B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-20 | 2007-09-07 | Innovation Et De Rech Applique | Utilisation therapeutique de lipides extraits de nacre |
FR2880277B1 (fr) * | 2005-01-04 | 2007-04-06 | Georges Camprasse | Preparations a usage orthopedique et dermatologique, destinees aux equides, bovides et autres animaux domestiques a base de biopolymeres marins, solubles et insolubles, et de biocritaux d'aragonite |
FR3016293B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-10 | 2019-12-20 | Mbp (Mauritius) Ltd | Procede de fabrication de dispositifs d'osteosynthese, dispositifs d'osteosynthese et implants en materiau hybride semi-synthetique obtenu par modification structurale des composants d'un biomateriau naturel marin |
FR3037801B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-08-11 | Jd Invest | Materiau semi-synthetique pulverulent, obtenu par modification de la composition d'un biomateriau naturel marin, son procede de fabrication, ses applications |
CN106366156A (zh) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 广东澳珍药业有限公司 | 一种超临界co2萃取珍珠蛋白液的方法 |
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FR3095947B1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 |
KR20220027842A (ko) | 2022-03-08 |
BR112021022808A2 (pt) | 2022-01-25 |
IL288013A (en) | 2022-01-01 |
CN114080229A (zh) | 2022-02-22 |
US20230115562A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
AU2020273608A1 (en) | 2021-12-16 |
FR3095947A1 (fr) | 2020-11-20 |
MX2021013813A (es) | 2022-01-24 |
JP2022532373A (ja) | 2022-07-14 |
CA3140206A1 (fr) | 2020-11-19 |
TW202108118A (zh) | 2021-03-01 |
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