EP3968096A1 - Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, with optimised contact surface - Google Patents
Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, with optimised contact surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3968096A1 EP3968096A1 EP20196229.7A EP20196229A EP3968096A1 EP 3968096 A1 EP3968096 A1 EP 3968096A1 EP 20196229 A EP20196229 A EP 20196229A EP 3968096 A1 EP3968096 A1 EP 3968096A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile
- phosphorus
- nickel
- substrate
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#B QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
- G04B31/08—Lubrication
Definitions
- the invention relates to a micromechanical component, in particular a horological mobile with optimized contact surface, in particular an escapement mobile.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece escapement mechanism comprising at least one non-magnetic mobile constituting an escape wheel or an anchor.
- the invention relates to the field of timepiece mechanisms, and more particularly escapement mechanisms comprising at least one escape wheel and at least one anchor, at least one of which is non-magnetic.
- the Swiss lever escapement wheels are historically made of nickel-plated steel, and are sensitive to magnetic fields.
- the invention proposes to solve the technical problem of the behavior of the usual watch lubricant, and more particularly to guarantee an epilame effect, under the usual climatic conditions, on components in LIGA NiP12, or similar, non-ferromagnetic, especially on Swiss lever escape wheels.
- the invention relates to a micromechanical component with optimized contact surface, in particular a horological mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, according to claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece escapement mechanism comprising at least one such mobile constituting an escape wheel or an anchor.
- the invention relates to the field of micromechanical components, and more particularly to watch mobiles.
- the invention proposes to solve in particular the technical problem of the behavior of the usual watchmaking lubricant, in the usual climatic conditions, on components made of LIGA NiP12, or similar, non-ferromagnetic, in particular on the wheels of an escapement mechanism. Swiss anchor.
- the contact between the lever's ruby lever and the tooth of the escapement wheel is particularly sensitive.
- this involves preventing any pollution of the pallet, in particular the pallet fork, and ensuring the presence of lubricant on the contact surfaces of the escape wheel and the pallet, and reduce the aging of the escape wheel and pallet.
- the main problem is the loss of epilame effect on the escape wheel plate, which causes oil spreading and loss of lubrication at the contact between the wheel tooth and the ruby lift.
- the stability of the lubrication in contact between the lifts of the anchor and the escapement wheel must make it possible to guarantee the constancy of the amplitude.
- the addition of a layer of galvanic nickel (Ni), or of chemical nickel (for example NiP6-9), or even of nickel-boron deposited by chemical means, on an escape wheel in LIGA NiP12 greatly improves movement performance. It has been demonstrated by various tests that this significant improvement is linked to better resistance of the epilame in climatic conditions, in particular temperature and humidity, better attachment of the epilame to the material, when the quantity of phosphorus on the surface is reduced, and the holding of the lubricant is all the better as the quantity of phosphorus is low.
- the tribological behavior of a surface layer of pure nickel is better than that of an NiP6-9 layer, the behavior of which is itself better than that of an NiP12 or NiP13 layer.
- the galvanic nickel coating may be an alloy, for example Ni-Fe, or Ni-W, or other.
- the invention relates to a micromechanical component, in particular a clockwork mobile.
- This component can advantageously be produced by a process for manufacturing a watch mobile, according to which a substrate is produced with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, this substrate is shaped to the geometry of the mobile, and a coating of the substrate, by galvanic and/or chemical means, at the level of at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, with at least one second material of low thickness, in particular less than 10 micrometers, which constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at level this at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, and which comprises at least nickel and which is poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or which comprises nickel and is devoid of phosphorus.
- this first material is non-magnetic.
- this second material is non-magnetic.
- nickel is not non-magnetic, and that NiP6-9% is not necessarily so, it is the low thickness of the deposit that keeps the part non-magnetic
- the substrate is a nickel-phosphorus of NiPx formulation, with x between 1% and 15% by mass, limits included, or more particularly with x between 10% and 15% by mass, limits included, this last range to guarantee the non-magnetic nature of the coating.
- This substrate is covered with a coating low in phosphorus, according to the invention, the thickness of which is more particularly and not limitingly between 0.2 micrometer and 5.0 micrometer, limits included, and, more particularly still between 0.2 micrometer and 2.0 micrometer , terminals included.
- the coating treatment with a coating low in phosphorus, according to the invention, can be carried out by galvanic means.
- the coating treatment with a coating low in phosphorus can be done chemically, according to a method of applying chemical nickel, which can be pure nickel, or else a nickel-phosphorus low in phosphorus, for example NiP6-9, with 6% to 9% by mass of phosphorus, or even a nickel-boron NiB.
- chemical nickel which can be pure nickel, or else a nickel-phosphorus low in phosphorus, for example NiP6-9, with 6% to 9% by mass of phosphorus, or even a nickel-boron NiB.
- the epilame used is a fluorine-based formulation.
- the lubricant can also be deposited on an escapement wheel set with a supplement in the form of a paste based on molybdenum disulphide MoS2, which acts as a lubricant and a lubricant sponge.
- the escapement wheel concerned has a geometry making it possible to reduce the contact surfaces to a minimum, for example the use of a cradled anchor is preferred, which is an anchor whose active faces of the fork, intended to come into contact with the ellipse and the stops, are rounded, which makes it possible to have a point of contact instead of a line of contact.
- a cradled anchor is preferred, which is an anchor whose active faces of the fork, intended to come into contact with the ellipse and the stops, are rounded, which makes it possible to have a point of contact instead of a line of contact.
- An innovative embodiment of an escapement mechanism comprises an anchor in LIGA, or an anchor whose pallets at least are in LIGA.
- the LIGA parts of the anchor are subject to the same problem, and the same solution is applicable.
- the invention makes it possible to guarantee normal aging conditions, constant amplitude, and the absence of shutdown, in particular in the presence of cradled LIGA nickel-phosphorus anchors, which provide better shock resistance than anchors silicon, for example.
- this coating of the substrate is carried out, at the level of at least one surface adjoining a friction surface of the mobile, with this at least one second material, which constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of this at least one surface adjoining a rubbing surface.
- “adjoining” is meant that the two surfaces are contiguous, or at least tangent, their intersection is not empty, even if it is limited to an isthmus of very small section.
- Such a micromechanical component in particular a clockwork mobile, thus comprises an optimized contact surface.
- This micromechanical component and more particularly this clockwork mobile, comprises a substrate in a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus. According to the invention, this substrate is covered, at at least one surface of the mobile substrate, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus , and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the at least one surface of the substrate.
- the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom. More particularly still, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces.
- the substrate is covered, at at least one surface adjoining a friction surface of the mobile, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus , and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the at least one surface adjoining a friction surface.
- the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of surfaces adjoining rubbing surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
- the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces adjoining the friction surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
- the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at all the surfaces adjoining the sliding surfaces of the mobile including the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
- the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces of the mobile including the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
- the first material comprises only nickel and phosphorus.
- the first material comprises phosphorus with a mass proportion of between 1% and 15%, limits included. More particularly still, the first material is non-magnetic and comprises phosphorus with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 10% and 15%, limits included.
- the second material is chosen with a phosphorus mass proportion of less than or equal to 15%. More particularly, the second non-magnetic material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 10% and 15%, limits included.
- the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 6% and 12%, limits included. In another alternative, the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 1% and 6%, limits excluded. In yet another alternative, the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 0% and 1%, limits included.
- the second material comprises only nickel and phosphorus.
- the second material comprises boron. More particularly still, the second material comprises only nickel and boron.
- the second material consists of pure nickel.
- the second material has a thickness of less than 10 micrometers. More particularly still, the second material has a thickness of less than 5 micrometers. Even more particularly, the second material has a thickness comprised between 0.2 micrometer and 2.0 micrometer, limits included.
- the second material is applied with a thickness of between zero and 0.2 micrometer, limits excluded, in particular in the vicinity of 0.1 micrometer.
- the invention also relates to a clockwork mechanism, in particular but not limited to an escapement mechanism.
- the timepiece escapement mechanism comprises at least one such wheel set, constituting an escape wheel or an anchor.
- this mobile comprises a substrate with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, and whose substrate is covered, at all the surfaces adjoining the rubbing surfaces of the mobile, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus, and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the surfaces adjoining the rubbing surfaces that the mobile has to cooperate with an anchor or an escapement wheel or a pendulum.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
Composant de micromécanique, notamment mobile d'horlogerie, notamment mobile d'échappement, comportant un substrat avec un premier matériau comportant au moins du nickel et du phosphore, lequel substrat est recouvert, au niveau d'au moins une surface du substrat du mobile, par un revêtement d'un deuxième matériau comportant au moins du nickel et plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou dépourvu de phosphore, et le deuxième matériau constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau de cette au moins une surface du substrat.Micromechanical component, in particular horological mobile, in particular escapement mobile, comprising a substrate with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, which substrate is covered, at the level of at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus, and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at this at least one surface of the substrate.
Description
L'invention concerne un composant de micromécanique, notamment un mobile d'horlogerie avec surface de contact optimisée, notamment un mobile d'échappement.The invention relates to a micromechanical component, in particular a horological mobile with optimized contact surface, in particular an escapement mobile.
L'invention concerne encore un mécanisme d'échappement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un mobile à caractère amagnétique constituant une roue d'échappement ou une ancre.The invention also relates to a timepiece escapement mechanism comprising at least one non-magnetic mobile constituting an escape wheel or an anchor.
L'invention concerne le domaine des mécanismes d'horlogerie, et plus particulièrement des mécanismes d'échappement comportant au moins une roue d'échappement et au moins une ancre, dont au moins l'un d'eux est à caractère amagnétique.The invention relates to the field of timepiece mechanisms, and more particularly escapement mechanisms comprising at least one escape wheel and at least one anchor, at least one of which is non-magnetic.
Dans les mécanismes d'échappement d'horlogerie à ancre suisse, les roues d'échappement à ancre suisse sont historiquement en acier nickelé, et sont sensibles aux champs magnétiques.In Swiss lever timepiece escapement mechanisms, the Swiss lever escapement wheels are historically made of nickel-plated steel, and are sensitive to magnetic fields.
On connaît des alternatives avec des matériaux comme le nickel-phosphore NiP12 mis en œuvre par procédé « LIGA » (Lithographie und Galvano-Abformung », qui ont un comportement amagnétique.Alternatives are known with materials such as nickel-phosphorus NiP12 implemented by the "LIGA" process (Lithographie und Galvano-Abformung), which have a non-magnetic behavior.
Toutefois l'emploi de tels matériaux, nickel-phosphore, ou analogues, peut se révéler sensible dans certaines conditions climatiques, qui sont susceptibles d'entraîner une dégradation des performances, notamment en termes de régularité d'amplitude, d'arrêts, ou encore de vieillissement, surtout quand les deux composants antagonistes du couple de frottement sont réalisés dans des matériaux LIGA similaires. Le dépôt d'une couche d'or superficielle, quoique favorable à la stabilisation de l'amplitude, ne résout pas le problème global, voire aggrave le phénomène de vieillissement, et peut influer sur la stabilité de la marche.However, the use of such materials, nickel-phosphorus, or the like, may prove to be sensitive under certain climatic conditions, which are likely to lead to a deterioration in performance, in particular in terms of amplitude regularity, stops, or even aging, especially when the two opposing components of the friction couple are made of similar LIGA materials. The deposition of a superficial layer of gold, although favorable to the stabilization of the amplitude, does not solve the overall problem, or even aggravates the aging phenomenon, and can influence the stability of the rate.
L'invention se propose de résoudre le problème technique de la tenue du lubrifiant horloger habituel, et plus particulièrement de garantir un effet épilame, dans les conditions climatiques usuelles, sur des composants en LIGA NiP12, ou similaire, non ferromagnétique, en particulier sur des roues d'échappement à ancre suisse.The invention proposes to solve the technical problem of the behavior of the usual watch lubricant, and more particularly to guarantee an epilame effect, under the usual climatic conditions, on components in LIGA NiP12, or similar, non-ferromagnetic, especially on Swiss lever escape wheels.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un composant micromécanique avec surface de contact optimisée, notamment un mobile d'horlogerie, notamment un mobile d'échappement, selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a micromechanical component with optimized contact surface, in particular a horological mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, according to claim 1.
L'invention concerne encore un mécanisme d'échappement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un tel mobile constituant une roue d'échappement ou une ancre.The invention also relates to a timepiece escapement mechanism comprising at least one such mobile constituting an escape wheel or an anchor.
L'invention concerne le domaine des composants de micromécanique, et plus particulièrement des mobiles d'horlogerie.The invention relates to the field of micromechanical components, and more particularly to watch mobiles.
L'invention se propose de résoudre notamment le problème technique de la tenue du lubrifiant horloger habituel, dans les conditions climatiques usuelles, sur des composants en LIGA NiP12, ou similaire, non ferromagnétique, en particulier sur des roues d'un mécanisme d'échappement à ancre suisse.The invention proposes to solve in particular the technical problem of the behavior of the usual watchmaking lubricant, in the usual climatic conditions, on components made of LIGA NiP12, or similar, non-ferromagnetic, in particular on the wheels of an escapement mechanism. Swiss anchor.
Le contact entre la levée en rubis de l'ancre et la dent de la roue d'échappement est particulièrement sensible.The contact between the lever's ruby lever and the tooth of the escapement wheel is particularly sensitive.
Il s'agit en particulier de prévenir toute pollution de l'ancre, notamment de la fourchette d'ancre, et d'assurer la présence de lubrifiant sur les surfaces de contact de la roue d'échappement et de l'ancre, et de réduire le vieillissement de la roue d'échappement et de l'ancre.In particular, this involves preventing any pollution of the pallet, in particular the pallet fork, and ensuring the presence of lubricant on the contact surfaces of the escape wheel and the pallet, and reduce the aging of the escape wheel and pallet.
Le problème principal est la perte d'effet épilame sur la planche de la roue d'échappement, qui provoque un étalement de l'huile et une perte de lubrification au contact entre la dent de la roue et la levée en rubis.The main problem is the loss of epilame effect on the escape wheel plate, which causes oil spreading and loss of lubrication at the contact between the wheel tooth and the ruby lift.
La stabilité de la lubrification au contact entre les levées de l'ancre et la roue d'échappement doit permettre de garantir la constance de l'amplitude.The stability of the lubrication in contact between the lifts of the anchor and the escapement wheel must make it possible to guarantee the constancy of the amplitude.
A cet effet, l'ajout d'une couche de nickel galvanique (Ni), ou de nickel chimique (par exemple NiP6-9), ou encore de nickel-bore déposé par voie chimique, sur une roue d'échappement en LIGA NiP12 permet d'améliorer grandement les performances des mouvements. Il a été démontré par différents tests que cette amélioration notable est liée à une meilleure tenue de l'épilame en conditions climatiques, en particulier température et humidité, un meilleur accrochage de l'épilame sur la matière, quand la quantité de phosphore en surface est réduite, et la tenue du lubrifiant est d'autant meilleure que la quantité de phosphore est faible. Notamment le comportement tribologique d'une couche superficielle de nickel pur est meilleur que celui d'une couche NiP6-9, dont le comportement est lui-même meilleur que celui d'une couche NiP12 ou de NiP13.For this purpose, the addition of a layer of galvanic nickel (Ni), or of chemical nickel (for example NiP6-9), or even of nickel-boron deposited by chemical means, on an escape wheel in LIGA NiP12 greatly improves movement performance. It has been demonstrated by various tests that this significant improvement is linked to better resistance of the epilame in climatic conditions, in particular temperature and humidity, better attachment of the epilame to the material, when the quantity of phosphorus on the surface is reduced, and the holding of the lubricant is all the better as the quantity of phosphorus is low. In particular, the tribological behavior of a surface layer of pure nickel is better than that of an NiP6-9 layer, the behavior of which is itself better than that of an NiP12 or NiP13 layer.
Dans une variante, le revêtement de nickel galvanique peut être un alliage, par exemple Ni-Fe, ou Ni-W, ou autre.Alternatively, the galvanic nickel coating may be an alloy, for example Ni-Fe, or Ni-W, or other.
Ainsi l'invention concerne un composant de micromécanique, notamment un mobile d'horlogerie.Thus the invention relates to a micromechanical component, in particular a clockwork mobile.
Ce composant est avantageusement réalisable par un procédé de fabrication de mobile d'horlogerie, selon lequel on réalise un substrat avec un premier matériau comportant au moins du nickel et du phosphore, on met en forme ce substrat à la géométrie du mobile, et on effectue un revêtement du substrat, par voie galvanique et/ou chimique, au niveau d'au moins une surface du substrat du mobile, avec au moins un deuxième matériau de faible épaisseur, notamment inférieure à 10 micromètres, qui constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau cette au moins une surface du substrat du mobile, et qui comporte au moins du nickel et qui est plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou qui comporte du nickel et est dépourvu de phosphore.This component can advantageously be produced by a process for manufacturing a watch mobile, according to which a substrate is produced with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, this substrate is shaped to the geometry of the mobile, and a coating of the substrate, by galvanic and/or chemical means, at the level of at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, with at least one second material of low thickness, in particular less than 10 micrometers, which constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at level this at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, and which comprises at least nickel and which is poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or which comprises nickel and is devoid of phosphorus.
Plus particulièrement, ce premier matériau est amagnétique.More particularly, this first material is non-magnetic.
Plus particulièrement, ce deuxième matériau est amagnétique.More particularly, this second material is non-magnetic.
On remarque que le nickel n'est pas amagnétique, et que le NiP6-9% ne l'est pas forcément, c'est la faible épaisseur du dépôt qui conserve à la pièce son caractère amagnétiqueNote that nickel is not non-magnetic, and that NiP6-9% is not necessarily so, it is the low thickness of the deposit that keeps the part non-magnetic
Dans une réalisation particulière, le substrat est un nickel-phosphore de formulation NiPx, avec x compris entre 1% et 15% en masse, bornes comprises, ou plus particulièrement avec x compris entre 10% et 15% en masse, bornes comprises, cette dernière plage permettant de garantir le caractère amagnétique du revêtement.In a particular embodiment, the substrate is a nickel-phosphorus of NiPx formulation, with x between 1% and 15% by mass, limits included, or more particularly with x between 10% and 15% by mass, limits included, this last range to guarantee the non-magnetic nature of the coating.
Ce substrat est recouvert d'un revêtement pauvre en phosphore, selon l'invention, dont l'épaisseur est plus particulièrement et non limitativement comprise entre 0.2 micromètre et 5.0 micromètre, bornes comprises, et, plus particulièrement encore comprise entre 0.2 micromètre et 2.0 micromètre, bornes comprises.This substrate is covered with a coating low in phosphorus, according to the invention, the thickness of which is more particularly and not limitingly between 0.2 micrometer and 5.0 micrometer, limits included, and, more particularly still between 0.2 micrometer and 2.0 micrometer , terminals included.
Le traitement de recouvrement avec un revêtement pauvre en phosphore, selon l'invention, peut se faire par voie galvanique.The coating treatment with a coating low in phosphorus, according to the invention, can be carried out by galvanic means.
Il est possible d'appliquer un traitement thermique au substrat avant l'opération de dépôt, notamment galvanique, ou bien, encore, d'appliquer un traitement thermique à l'ensemble formé par le substrat et son revêtement après l'opération de dépôt, notamment galvanique.It is possible to apply a heat treatment to the substrate before the deposition operation, in particular galvanic, or even to apply a heat treatment to the assembly formed by the substrate and its coating after the deposition operation, particularly galvanic.
Il est aussi possible d'appliquer un traitement chimique au substrat pour modifier ses caractéristiques superficielles de façon à faciliter l'accroche du revêtement, notamment par voie galvanique.It is also possible to apply a chemical treatment to the substrate to modify its surface characteristics so as to facilitate the adhesion of the coating, in particular by galvanic means.
En alternative, le traitement de recouvrement avec un revêtement pauvre en phosphore, selon l'invention peut se faire par voie chimique, selon un procédé d'application de nickel chimique, qui peut être du nickel pur, ou bien un nickel-phosphore pauvre en phosphore, par exemple de NiP6-9, avec de 6% à 9% en masse de phosphore, ou bien encore un nickel-bore NiB.Alternatively, the coating treatment with a coating low in phosphorus, according to the invention can be done chemically, according to a method of applying chemical nickel, which can be pure nickel, or else a nickel-phosphorus low in phosphorus, for example NiP6-9, with 6% to 9% by mass of phosphorus, or even a nickel-boron NiB.
L'ajout d'une couche de nickel, ou de NiP6-9, ou de NiB, permet d'augmenter la stabilité de l'épilame en conditions climatiques, l'accroche de l'épilame et donc la tenue de n'importe quel lubrifiant horloger usuel.The addition of a layer of nickel, or of NiP6-9, or of NiB, makes it possible to increase the stability of the epilame in climatic conditions, the grip of the epilame and therefore the holding of any usual watchmaker's lubricant.
Plus particulièrement, l'épilame utilisé est une formulation à base de fluor.More particularly, the epilame used is a fluorine-based formulation.
Le lubrifiant peut, encore, être déposé sur un mobile d'échappement avec un complément sous forme d'une pâte à base de bisulfure de molybdène MoS2, qui joue le rôle de lubrifiant et d'éponge à lubrifiant.The lubricant can also be deposited on an escapement wheel set with a supplement in the form of a paste based on molybdenum disulphide MoS2, which acts as a lubricant and a lubricant sponge.
De façon avantageuse, le mobile d'échappement concerné a une géométrie permettant de réduire au minimum les surfaces de contact, par exemple on privilégie l'emploi d'une ancre bercée, qui est une ancre dont les faces actives de la fourchette, destinées à venir en contact avec l'ellipse et les butées, sont arrondies, ce qui permet d'avoir un point de contact à la place d'une ligne de contact.Advantageously, the escapement wheel concerned has a geometry making it possible to reduce the contact surfaces to a minimum, for example the use of a cradled anchor is preferred, which is an anchor whose active faces of the fork, intended to come into contact with the ellipse and the stops, are rounded, which makes it possible to have a point of contact instead of a line of contact.
Une réalisation innovante de mécanisme d'échappement comporte une ancre en LIGA, ou une ancre dont au moins les palettes sont en LIGA. Dans un tel cas, les parties en LIGA de l'ancre sont soumises au même problème, et la même solution est applicable.An innovative embodiment of an escapement mechanism comprises an anchor in LIGA, or an anchor whose pallets at least are in LIGA. In such a case, the LIGA parts of the anchor are subject to the same problem, and the same solution is applicable.
L'invention permet de garantir des conditions de vieillissement normal, une constance de l'amplitude, et l'absence d'arrêt, notamment en présence d'ancres en nickel-phosphore LIGA bercées, lesquelles assurent une meilleure tenue au choc que des ancres en silicium, par exemple.The invention makes it possible to guarantee normal aging conditions, constant amplitude, and the absence of shutdown, in particular in the presence of cradled LIGA nickel-phosphorus anchors, which provide better shock resistance than anchors silicon, for example.
Ainsi, de façon préférée, on met en œuvre un procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant de micromécanique, notamment un mobile d'horlogerie, selon lequel :
- on fabrique un substrat avec un premier matériau comportant au moins du nickel et du phosphore, et
- on effectue un revêtement de ce substrat, au niveau d'au moins une surface du substrat du mobile, avec au moins un deuxième matériau qui constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau de cette au moins une surface du substrat ;
- cet au moins un deuxième matériau comporte au moins du nickel, et est plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou bien cet au moins un deuxième matériau comporte du nickel et est dépourvu de phosphore.
- a substrate is manufactured with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, and
- this substrate is coated, at at least one surface of the substrate of the mobile, with at least one second material which constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at this at least one surface of the substrate;
- this at least one second material comprises at least nickel, and is poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or else this at least one second material comprises nickel and is devoid of phosphorus.
Plus particulièrement, on effectue ce revêtement du substrat, au niveau d'au moins une surface jouxtant une surface frottante du mobile, avec cet au moins un deuxième matériau, qui constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau de cette au moins une surface jouxtant une surface frottante. Par « jouxtant » on entend que les deux surfaces sont contiguës, ou au moins tangentes, leur intersection n'est pas vide, même si elle est limitée à un isthme de très petite section.More particularly, this coating of the substrate is carried out, at the level of at least one surface adjoining a friction surface of the mobile, with this at least one second material, which constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of this at least one surface adjoining a rubbing surface. By "adjoining" is meant that the two surfaces are contiguous, or at least tangent, their intersection is not empty, even if it is limited to an isthmus of very small section.
Un tel composant micromécanique, notamment un mobile d'horlogerie, comporte ainsi une surface de contact optimisée.Such a micromechanical component, in particular a clockwork mobile, thus comprises an optimized contact surface.
Ce composant de micromécanique, et plus particulièrement ce mobile d'horlogerie, comporte un substrat dans un premier matériau comportant au moins du nickel et du phosphore. Selon l'invention, ce substrat est recouvert, au niveau d'au moins une surface du substrat du mobile, par un revêtement d'un deuxième matériau comportant au moins du nickel et plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou dépourvu de phosphore, et le deuxième matériau constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau de la au moins une surface du substrat.This micromechanical component, and more particularly this clockwork mobile, comprises a substrate in a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus. According to the invention, this substrate is covered, at at least one surface of the mobile substrate, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus , and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the at least one surface of the substrate.
Plus particulièrement, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de surfaces du mobile autres que les surfaces de guidage du mobile pour son pivotement ou pour son guidage selon un degré de liberté unique. Plus particulièrement encore, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de toutes les surfaces du mobile autres que les surfaces de guidage.More particularly, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom. More particularly still, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces.
Plus particulièrement, le substrat est recouvert, au niveau d'au moins une surface jouxtant une surface frottante du mobile, par un revêtement d'un deuxième matériau comportant au moins du nickel et plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou dépourvu de phosphore, et le deuxième matériau constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau de la au moins une surface jouxtant une surface frottante. Plus particulièrement, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de surfaces jouxtant des surfaces frottantes du mobile autres que les surfaces de guidage du mobile pour son pivotement ou pour son guidage selon un degré de liberté unique. Plus particulièrement encore, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de toutes les surfaces jouxtant des surfaces frottantes du mobile autres que les surfaces de guidage du mobile pour son pivotement ou pour son guidage selon un degré de liberté unique. Encore plus particulièrement, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de toutes les surfaces jouxtant des surfaces frottantes du mobile y compris les surfaces de guidage du mobile pour son pivotement ou pour son guidage selon un degré de liberté unique.More particularly, the substrate is covered, at at least one surface adjoining a friction surface of the mobile, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus , and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the at least one surface adjoining a friction surface. More particularly, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of surfaces adjoining rubbing surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom. More particularly still, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces adjoining the friction surfaces of the mobile other than the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom. Even more particularly, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at all the surfaces adjoining the sliding surfaces of the mobile including the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
Plus particulièrement, le revêtement du substrat recouvre le substrat au niveau de toutes les surfaces du mobile y compris les surfaces de guidage du mobile pour son pivotement ou pour son guidage selon un degré de liberté unique.More particularly, the coating of the substrate covers the substrate at the level of all the surfaces of the mobile including the guide surfaces of the mobile for its pivoting or for its guidance according to a single degree of freedom.
Plus particulièrement, le premier matériau comporte uniquement du nickel et du phosphore.More particularly, the first material comprises only nickel and phosphorus.
Plus particulièrement, le premier matériau comporte du phosphore avec une proportion en masse comprise entre 1% et 15%, bornes comprises. Plus particulièrement encore, le premier matériau est amagnétique et comporte du phosphore avec une proportion en masse de phosphore comprise entre 10% et 15%, bornes comprises.More particularly, the first material comprises phosphorus with a mass proportion of between 1% and 15%, limits included. More particularly still, the first material is non-magnetic and comprises phosphorus with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 10% and 15%, limits included.
Plus particulièrement, on choisit le deuxième matériau avec une proportion en masse de phosphore inférieure ou égale à 15%. Plus particulièrement, on choisit le deuxième matériau amagnétique avec une proportion en masse de phosphore comprise entre 10% et 15%, bornes comprises.More particularly, the second material is chosen with a phosphorus mass proportion of less than or equal to 15%. More particularly, the second non-magnetic material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 10% and 15%, limits included.
Dans une alternative, on choisit le deuxième matériau avec une proportion en masse de phosphore comprise entre 6% et 12%, bornes comprises. Dans une autre alternative, on choisit le deuxième matériau avec une proportion en masse de phosphore comprise entre 1% et 6%, bornes exclues. Dans une autre alternative encore, on choisit le deuxième matériau avec une proportion en masse de phosphore comprise entre 0% et 1%, bornes comprises.Alternatively, the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 6% and 12%, limits included. In another alternative, the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 1% and 6%, limits excluded. In yet another alternative, the second material is chosen with a mass proportion of phosphorus of between 0% and 1%, limits included.
Plus particulièrement, le deuxième matériau comporte uniquement du nickel et du phosphore.More particularly, the second material comprises only nickel and phosphorus.
Plus particulièrement, le deuxième matériau comporte du bore. Plus particulièrement encore, le deuxième matériau comporte uniquement du nickel et du bore.More particularly, the second material comprises boron. More particularly still, the second material comprises only nickel and boron.
Plus particulièrement, le deuxième matériau est constitué de nickel pur.More particularly, the second material consists of pure nickel.
Plus particulièrement, le deuxième matériau a une épaisseur inférieure à 10 micromètres. Plus particulièrement encore, le deuxième matériau a une épaisseur inférieure à 5 micromètres. Encore plus particulièrement, le deuxième matériau a une épaisseur comprise entre 0.2 micromètre et 2.0 micromètres, bornes comprises.More particularly, the second material has a thickness of less than 10 micrometers. More particularly still, the second material has a thickness of less than 5 micrometers. Even more particularly, the second material has a thickness comprised between 0.2 micrometer and 2.0 micrometer, limits included.
Dans une autre variante encore, on applique le deuxième matériau avec une épaisseur comprise entre zéro et 0.2 micromètre, bornes exclues, notamment au voisinage de 0.1 micromètre.In yet another variant, the second material is applied with a thickness of between zero and 0.2 micrometer, limits excluded, in particular in the vicinity of 0.1 micrometer.
L'invention concerne encore un mécanisme d'horlogerie, notamment mais non limitativement un mécanisme d'échappement. Dans cette application avantageuse, le mécanisme d'échappement d'horlogerie comporte au moins un tel mobile, constituant une roue d'échappement ou une ancre. Et ce mobile comporte un substrat avec un premier matériau comportant au moins du nickel et du phosphore, et dont le substrat est recouvert, au niveau de toutes les surfaces jouxtant les surfaces frottantes du mobile, par un revêtement d'un deuxième matériau comportant au moins du nickel et plus pauvre en phosphore que le premier matériau, ou dépourvu de phosphore, et le deuxième matériau constitue la couche périphérique du mobile au niveau des surfaces jouxtant les surfaces frottantes que comporte le mobile pour coopérer avec une ancre ou une roue d'échappement ou un balancier.The invention also relates to a clockwork mechanism, in particular but not limited to an escapement mechanism. In this advantageous application, the timepiece escapement mechanism comprises at least one such wheel set, constituting an escape wheel or an anchor. And this mobile comprises a substrate with a first material comprising at least nickel and phosphorus, and whose substrate is covered, at all the surfaces adjoining the rubbing surfaces of the mobile, by a coating of a second material comprising at least nickel and poorer in phosphorus than the first material, or devoid of phosphorus, and the second material constitutes the peripheral layer of the mobile at the level of the surfaces adjoining the rubbing surfaces that the mobile has to cooperate with an anchor or an escapement wheel or a pendulum.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20196229.7A EP3968096A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, with optimised contact surface |
| JP2023511636A JP2023539069A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | A micromechanical component whose surface is optimized, in particular an escapement wheel, specifically a clock wheel. |
| KR1020237008248A KR20230047479A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical parts with optimized surfaces, especially timepiece wheels, especially escapement wheels |
| US18/041,584 US20230305492A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, particularly a timepiece wheel, particularly an escapement wheel, the surface of which is optimised |
| EP21769740.8A EP4214580A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece wheel, in particular an escapement wheel, the surface of which is optimised |
| CN202180055060.1A CN116018564A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, in particular surface-optimized timepiece movement, in particular escape wheel |
| PCT/EP2021/074026 WO2022058159A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece wheel, in particular an escapement wheel, the surface of which is optimised |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20196229.7A EP3968096A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, with optimised contact surface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3968096A1 true EP3968096A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
Family
ID=72521412
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20196229.7A Pending EP3968096A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece mobile, in particular an escapement mobile, with optimised contact surface |
| EP21769740.8A Pending EP4214580A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece wheel, in particular an escapement wheel, the surface of which is optimised |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21769740.8A Pending EP4214580A1 (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2021-08-31 | Micromechanical component, in particular a timepiece wheel, in particular an escapement wheel, the surface of which is optimised |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230305492A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP3968096A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2023539069A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20230047479A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN116018564A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022058159A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH514873A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1971-07-15 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Manufacturing process of a watch anchor |
| WO2008052378A2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Rolex S.A. | Timepiece |
| EP2586879A1 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-01 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Method for thermal treatment of micromechanical clock parts |
| EP3171230A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-24 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Timepiece component with improved tribology |
| WO2017102661A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Rolex Sa | Method for producing a timepiece component |
-
2020
- 2020-09-15 EP EP20196229.7A patent/EP3968096A1/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-08-31 EP EP21769740.8A patent/EP4214580A1/en active Pending
- 2021-08-31 JP JP2023511636A patent/JP2023539069A/en active Pending
- 2021-08-31 WO PCT/EP2021/074026 patent/WO2022058159A1/en unknown
- 2021-08-31 KR KR1020237008248A patent/KR20230047479A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2021-08-31 CN CN202180055060.1A patent/CN116018564A/en active Pending
- 2021-08-31 US US18/041,584 patent/US20230305492A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH514873A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1971-07-15 | Far Fab Assortiments Reunies | Manufacturing process of a watch anchor |
| WO2008052378A2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Rolex S.A. | Timepiece |
| EP2586879A1 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-01 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Method for thermal treatment of micromechanical clock parts |
| EP3171230A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-24 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Timepiece component with improved tribology |
| WO2017102661A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Rolex Sa | Method for producing a timepiece component |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2023539069A (en) | 2023-09-13 |
| WO2022058159A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| CN116018564A (en) | 2023-04-25 |
| US20230305492A1 (en) | 2023-09-28 |
| KR20230047479A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
| EP4214580A1 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
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