EP3963015A1 - Particules nanocomposites conductrices étirables - Google Patents
Particules nanocomposites conductrices étirablesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3963015A1 EP3963015A1 EP20724029.2A EP20724029A EP3963015A1 EP 3963015 A1 EP3963015 A1 EP 3963015A1 EP 20724029 A EP20724029 A EP 20724029A EP 3963015 A1 EP3963015 A1 EP 3963015A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- core
- polyaniline
- stretchable
- polyacrylate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/026—Wholly aromatic polyamines
- C08G73/0266—Polyanilines or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/046—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with synthetic macromolecular fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08L33/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/02—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08J2333/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/02—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of stretchable conductive materials, in particular for the fields of printed electronics requiring elasticity.
- the IoE can be implemented thanks to the latest technological advancements, and mainly to the advancements acquired in the world of printed electronics.
- Printed electronics allow the production of flexible components and on large surfaces, in particular as a complement to traditional electronics on silica.
- the main differences in the devices obtained with traditional semiconductor technologies are in their thickness, their weight, their robustness and their cost. These qualities have enabled the emergence of new markets and products, and have contributed to the development of innovative concepts such as portable electronics or smart labels.
- innovative concepts such as portable electronics or smart labels.
- nanocomposites take advantage of the inclusion of conductive fillers in insulating elastomer matrices. Materials like carbon nanotubes, silver nanowires or metallic nanoparticles are used as conductive materials. Despite the versatility and the large number of material choices, the percolation dependent conductivity is highly sensitive to tension and remains an obstacle for the miniaturization of the device and the stability under cyclic deformation.
- An inherently stretchable and conductive material capable of being deposited in solution and capable of printing a pattern is further desirable.
- Conductive polymers are good candidates due to their flexibility and their electrical and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, to date, high conductivity and high stretchability could not be achieved simultaneously for conductive polymers.
- Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): sodium poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOTPSS) is the conductive polymer that can be deposited from solution with the highest conductivity, but it exhibits fracture at deformation around 5%.
- Application WO2007 / 012736 describes electrically conductive nanocomposite particles having a polyalkylacrylate core and a polyaniline shell. The particles make it possible to obtain composites having both high conductivity and good film-forming properties. However, no stretchability property is demonstrated for these particles, let alone retention of their conductive properties on stretch.
- the Applicant has demonstrated that electrically conductive nanocomposite particles having a polyalkrylate core and a polyaniline shell unexpectedly make it possible to obtain a composite whose initially high electrical conductivity is retained on stretching.
- the core-shell architecture of the composite makes it possible to obtain an electrical continuum up to an elongation of 300%.
- the present application relates firstly to the use of electrically conductive nanocomposite particles comprising a core consisting of a homopolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl acrylate and of an unsaturated a, b amide comonomer, a shell made of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant for printing on a stretchable support.
- a second object of the invention is a printed stretchable support, in which the printing comprises at least one electrically conductive nanocomposite particle comprising a core made of a homopolymer of C1-C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C 1 -C 6 alkyl acrylate and an a, b unsaturated amide comonomer, a shell consisting of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant.
- the present application finally relates to electrically conductive nanocomposite particles comprising a core consisting of a homopolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl acrylate and of an ⁇ -amide comonomer, b unsaturated, a shell consisting of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant, in which a characteristic dimension of the core, in particular its diameter, is strictly less than 200 nm.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of the device for viewing the conductivity of stretchable substrates according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a photo of the devices for verifying the electrical continuity obtained with the substrates printed according to the invention
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the evolution of the resistance of the printed thermoplastic polyurethane test piece during the tensile test as a function of time (a) and of stretching (b),
- Figure 4 is a graph showing the evolution of the resistance (upper part) and stretching (lower part) of the thermoplastic polyurethane test piece printed during the tensile / release cycles
- Figure 5 is a graph showing the evolution of the resistance of the printed thermoplastic polyurethane test piece during stretching up to 300%
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the evolution of the resistance (upper part) and the stretching (lower part) of the test piece of printed stretchable textile during a single stretching (a) and during tensile cycles / release (b, c and d),
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the signal obtained during various successive manual events with the printed stretch fabric specimen
- Figure 8 is a graph showing the change in resistance over time during successive stretching / releasing of the printed Lycra test tube
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the evolution of the resistance of the printed stretchable yarn test piece during the pull / loosen cycles as a function of the stretch.
- the present application relates firstly to the use of electrically conductive nanocomposite particles comprising a core consisting of a homopolymer of poly (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate or of a copolymer of C 1 -C 6 alkyl acrylate and an a, b unsaturated amide comonomer, a shell made of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant to produce a printing on stretchable media.
- electrically conductive nanocomposite particles comprising a core consisting of a homopolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl acrylate and of an amide comonomer. , b unsaturated, a shell consisting of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant for depositing the nanocomposite particles on a stretchable support.
- nanocomposite is understood to mean composite particles of size less than one micrometer.
- the size (diameter) of the core is generally on the order of 20 nm to 700 nm and the size (thickness) of the shell is generally on the order of a few nm to 100 nm.
- the terms “nanocomposite” and “composite” are used interchangeably in the present application to denote this nanocomposite.
- the particles used according to the invention have a core diameter of less than 200 nm.
- the diameter here corresponds to the hydrodynamic size of the particles in suspension, and can be measured by dynamic light scattering or by thin film.
- the small size of the core and therefore of the resulting particles advantageously makes it possible to promote the formation of conduction paths in the subsequent composite material. It also makes it possible to prepare very thin composite films and to promote the application of the dispersions, for example by spraying.
- polyaniline polyaniline or one of its derivatives.
- Polyaniline derivatives are polymers in which the aniline monomer units are substituted, for example on nitrogen or on the aromatic ring.
- substituents on the aromatic ring are in particular the hydroxy group, halogen atoms, in particular chlorine, C1 to C4 alkyl groups, in particular methyl, ethyl and isopropyl, and C1 alkoxy groups. to C4 such as methoxy, ethoxy, n- or iso-propoxy and n-, iso- or tert-butoxy.
- the nitrogen atom can be, for example, substituted by one or more alkyl group (s) C1 to C4.
- shell consisting of polyaniline is understood to mean a continuous or discontinuous deposit consisting of polyaniline physically bonded (ie adsorbed) and / or chemically (ie grafted) to the surface of the core of polyalkylacrylate or of acrylate copolymer. C1-C6 alkyl and an a, b-unsaturated amide comonomer. Preferably, this deposit is discontinuous. Preferably, the bark is adsorbed on the surface of the heart.
- a "polyalkyl acrylate homopolymer” means a polymer resulting from the linking of several identical alkyl acrylate monomer units.
- polyalkylacrylate embraces polymethacrylates of alkyl.
- C1 to C6 alkyl denote linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon chains comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (limits included), in particular comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
- C1 to C6 alkyl polyacrylates mention may in particular be made of polymethyl methacrylate, methyl polyacrylate, ethyl polyacrylate, ethyl polymethacrylate, n-propyl or isopropyl polyacrylate, n-propyl or isopropyl polymethacrylate, n-, sec- or tert-butyl polyacrylate and n-, sec- or tert-butyl polymethacrylate.
- the poly (C1-C6) alkyl is n-butyl polyacrylate.
- the latter advantageously has a glass transition temperature of -54 ° C., which makes it possible to obtain film-forming properties at room temperature.
- the polyalkylacrylate is at least partially crosslinked.
- particularly suitable crosslinking agents are in particular diacrylate compounds, preferably 1,6 hexanediol diacrylate. The latter is especially available under the trade name SR238 (R) (Cray Valley).
- R trade name SR238
- the crosslinking of the polyalkylacrylate can make it possible to modulate the mechanical properties of the conductive composite and in particular to modulate its elasticity.
- the core consists of a copolymer of C1 to C6 alkyl acrylate and of an a, b-unsaturated amide comonomer. It has in fact been demonstrated that the presence of amide functions on the core particles makes it possible to improve the compatibility with the polyaniline bark and therefore the covering of the core as well as the conductivity. Thus, without wishing to be limited to a theory, it has been shown that the presence of amide functions promotes the establishment of hydrogen bonds with polyaniline.
- the terms " ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated amide comonomer" embrace ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated amides or their derivatives.
- the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated amide is ethylenically unsaturated, and more preferably it is acrylamide.
- the unsaturated amide derivatives are monomers substituted on the double or triple bond, for example by alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and propyl.
- alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and propyl.
- acrylamide and its derivatives such as methacrylamide.
- the copolymer of poly (alkyl acrylate) C1 -C6 and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated amide comonomer can be a block, graft or random copolymer.
- the ratio by weight of monomer of alkyl acrylate type / ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated amide comonomer varies from 90/10 to 99.5 / 0.5.
- the weight ratio of polyalkylacrylate / polyaniline or copolymer of alkyl acrylate with an a, b-unsaturated amide / polyaniline comonomer varies from 45/55 to 98/2 and is preferably between 50 / 50 and 95/5.
- the weight ratio of polyalkylacrylate / polyaniline or copolymer of alkyl acrylate with an a, b-unsaturated amide / polyaniline comonomer varies from 70/30 to 95/5, in particular it is equal to approximately 75 / 25, in particular it is equal to 75/25.
- the particles used according to the invention can be obtained by polymerization of polyaniline in a dispersion of polyalkylacrylate (or of an alkyl acrylate / a, b-unsaturated amide comonomer copolymer) stabilized by the presence of a surfactant.
- the surfactant is preferably a nonionic surfactant, optionally mixed with at least one other nonionic or ionic surfactant, in particular cationic. It is preferably nonionic because ionic surfactants can undesirably interfere with the polymerization reactions, particularly during the polymerization of polyaniline.
- nonionic surfactant is meant a surfactant which is uncharged under the operating conditions.
- the nonionic surfactant can be physically adsorbed on the surface of the polyalkylacrylate particles (i.e. physically bound) or incorporated into the polyalkylacrylate (i.e. chemically bound).
- the nonionic surfactant is physically bonded to the polyalkylacrylate. This can be achieved by carrying out the polymerization of the polyalkylacrylate in the presence of the nonionic surfactant.
- the nonionic surfactant can be chosen from a wide variety of compounds including in particular alkylphenol alkoxylates, alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl alkoxylates, amine alkoxylates, alkyl amine oxides, in particular from alkylphenol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl ethoxylates, or EO / PO block copolymers (oxide of ethylene / propylene oxide), amine ethoxylates or polyethoxylates.
- the nonionic surfactant preferably has a hydrophilic / lipophilic balance
- the nonionic surfactant used is not critical and can vary to a large extent. Thus, dispersions of small particles in general require a higher amount of stabilizing surfactant than dispersions of larger particles. However, this amount must be sufficient to make it possible to stabilize the polyalkylacrylate particles and must not be too large so as not to alter the mechanical and conductive properties of the particles.
- the nonionic surfactant present in the particles according to the invention generally represents 1% to 20% by mass, and more preferably from 1 to 10% by mass, the values by mass being expressed relative to the total dry mass of the bark and from the heart.
- the particles further comprise a second nonionic surfactant having chemical functions capable of improving the conductivity of the composite.
- a second nonionic surfactant having chemical functions capable of improving the conductivity of the composite.
- nonionic surfactants comprising at least one amide function, such as the compounds of formula II:
- Alk2 denotes a C1 -C20, preferably C1 -C15, alkyl group, and m represents an integer from 1 to 100.
- a compound corresponding to formula II is used, in which Alk2 is a C11 alkyl group and m represents an average number of 6.
- Ninol® Steppan
- this second nonionic surfactant represents 1% to 20% by mass relative to the dry mass of the bark and of the heart.
- the particles used according to the invention may alternatively comprise a second ionic surfactant, in particular a second cationic surfactant so as not to create charge incompatibility between the conductive polymer and the second ionic surfactant.
- the cationic surfactant can be chosen from surfactants of the family of alkyltrimethylammoniums, in particular C4 to C20 alkyltrimethylammoniums. This may in particular be dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB).
- this second ionic surfactant represents 1% to 20% by mass relative to the dry mass of the bark and of the heart.
- the mass ratio between the first nonionic surfactant and the second nonionic or ionic surfactant is preferably between 50/50 and 30/70 , terminals included.
- the particles can in particular be synthesized by the process described in application WO2007 / 012736.
- the particles can be used in the form of a dispersion, in particular a dispersion in an aqueous medium, in particular in water.
- the solid content of the dispersion of particles is generally between 1 and 60% by weight of the dispersion, preferably 10 to 40% by weight.
- stretchable support denotes a material which can withstand an elongation of at least 120% in at least one direction without breaking, and on which the nanocomposite particles according to the invention, or a film formed from such particles, can be printed. .
- the stretchable material can withstand elongation in at least one direction of at least 150%, at least 200%, at least. minus 250%, at least 300% or at least 500%.
- the stretchable backing can include a greater degree of stretch in a first direction than in a second direction of the same plane.
- stretchable supports which can be used according to the invention, mention may be made of thermoplastic polymers, such as polypropylene, polyurethane, poly (ethylene terephthalate) or polyethylene. Elastomeric fibers and fabrics comprising such fibers can also be mentioned. Elastomeric fibers are known to be able to be stretched by at least 400% and then be able to recover their original shape. As examples of elastomeric fibers, mention may be made of elastane fibers (for example Lycra), natural or synthetic rubber fibers, olefins, polyesters, polyethers or their combinations, in particular elastic yarns comprising elastane and polyester. Stretchable supports comprising at least one of the examples of supports mentioned above, even if they do not consist thereof, can also be used according to the invention.
- thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene, polyurethane, poly (ethylene terephthalate) or polyethylene.
- Elastomeric fibers and fabrics comprising such fibers can also be mentioned. Elastomeric fiber
- the printed stretchable support is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyurethane, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polyethylene, elastane fibers, natural or synthetic rubber fibers, d olefins, polyesters, polyethers or combinations thereof.
- the term "printing" with a nanocomposite on a support is understood to mean depositing the nanocomposite on the substrate, for example by depositing a film of the nanocomposite or by impregnating the fibers of the substrate with the nanocomposite particles, or with a dispersion nanocomposite particles in a solvent, preferably with the nanocomposite particles in their synthesis medium.
- the deposit can be carried out by any suitable technique known to those skilled in the art.
- For the deposition of a film mention may in particular be made of the deposition of drops (drop casting), screen printing or deposition with equipment of the "Doctor Blade” type.
- the printing is carried out by depositing the nanocomposite particles on the support in the form of a film, or by impregnating all or part of the fibers of the support with a solution or suspension comprising the nanocomposite particles and at least a solvent
- a solution or suspension comprising the nanocomposite particles and at least a solvent
- a second object of the invention is a printed stretchable support, in which the printing comprises at least one electrically conductive nanocomposite particle comprising a core made of a homopolymer of C1-C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C 1 -C 6 alkyl acrylate and an a, b unsaturated amide comonomer, a shell consisting of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant.
- the stretchable support printed according to the invention can obviously have each of the characteristics and preferred embodiments described in the section relating to the use of nanocomposite particles for printing on a stretchable support.
- the stretchable support printed according to the invention can be used as such as a stretchable conductive material. It can also in some cases be used to form stretchable electrodes.
- the present application finally relates to electrically conductive nanocomposite particles comprising a core consisting of a homopolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl polyacrylate or of a copolymer of C1 -C6 alkyl acrylate and of an ⁇ -amide comonomer, b unsaturated, a shell consisting of polyaniline, and a nonionic surfactant, in which a characteristic dimension of the core, in particular its diameter, is strictly less than 200 nm.
- nanocomposite particles according to the invention of which a characteristic dimension of the core, in particular the diameter, is less than 200 nm, have demonstrated superiority over particles whose core is larger for use for deposition on a stretchable support.
- the printed conductive substrate according to the invention can be used in a wide variety of fields such as wearable technologies (clothing or accessories comprising advanced computer and electronic elements, designated by the term “wearables” in English), printed electronics, but also coatings for housing or development.
- wearable technologies clothing or accessories comprising advanced computer and electronic elements, designated by the term “wearables” in English
- printed electronics but also coatings for housing or development.
- devices such as presence detectors and step sensors have been obtained according to the invention.
- a final object of the present invention is the use as a stretchable conductive material, for the same applications as the printed conductive substrate according to the invention, of a film of nanocomposite particles as described in the present invention.
- v1 denotes a value lying in a range between 0.9 x v1 and 1.1 x v1, that is to say v1 ⁇ 10%, of preferably v1 ⁇ 5%, in particular v1 ⁇ 1%.
- the intervals of values denote the open intervals not including their limits.
- the terms “greater than” and “less than” refer to strict inequalities.
- Example 1 Synthesis of the particles which can be used according to the invention.
- Particles with a polybutylacrylate (PBuA) latex core and polyaniline shell (PANI) were synthesized.
- the method used is adapted from that described in WO2007 / 012736.
- the surfactants were introduced into the water and stirred until complete solubilization.
- the acrylate butoxide monomer was added with stirring and the reaction system was heated using an oil bath or jacket at 70 ° C.
- the ammonium persulfate initiator was added. The reaction time was 4 hours.
- test 1 of Table 1 The particles of test 1 of Table 1 are obtained according to the conditions of application WO2007 / 012736.
- PANI bark was obtained using the following protocol.
- the desired amount of aniline hydrochloride was dissolved in the volume of water required for the synthesis, then the core as synthesized in the previous step was added with stirring.
- the reaction system was cooled to 5 ° C using an ice bath (flask synthesis) or using a cryostat connected to the jacket in the case of reactor synthesis. After 15 minutes of temperature stabilization, the aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate was added dropwise in order to control the exothermy due to mixing. After 5h at 5 ° C, the reaction was stopped.
- the amounts introduced were determined as a function of the desired PBuA / PANI ratio as well as the level of solid targeted.
- Example 2 Deposition of the composite on various substrates and measurement of conductivity
- the objective is to visually verify the electrical continuity of the device using a light-emitting diode (LED) inserted in a circuit where the metal cables are replaced by the composite.
- LED light-emitting diode
- an LED is connected to two strips of conductive composite which are themselves connected to a power supply.
- the diagram of the device is provided in figure 1.
- the following two conductive composites were used: (a) particle composite with a PBuA / PANI ratio of 75/25, a core diameter of approximately 120 nm, a mixture of BrijS100 and DTAB surfactants (test 4 of Table 1) , and a conductivity of 1.6 S / cm, and (b) composite of particles with a PBuA / PANI ratio of 70/30, a core diameter of about 180 nm, a mixture of BrijS 100 and Ninol L5 surfactants (test 3 in Table 1), and a conductivity of 1 S / cm.
- FIG. 1 shows a photo of the devices with the different substrates tested.
- Example 3 Measurement of the resistance to stretching of composite films and substrates on which the composites are deposited
- thermoplastic polyurethane TPU
- thermoplastic polyurethane TPU
- a film of composite (b) of particles with a PBuA / PANI ratio of 70/30, a core diameter of about 180 nm, a mixture of BrijS 100 and Ninol L5 surfactants (test 3 of Table 1 ), and a conductivity of 1 S / cm was deposited by drop casting as well.
- the test piece is placed between two jaws of a Versatest motorized bench. The lower jaw is fixed and the upper jaw is mobile. Electrical contact is provided by gold needles which are in contact with the film inside the jaw while resistance measurement is performed by a keithley.
- the traction arm and keithley are connected to acquisition software that allows for control of the stretch. Thus, tensile cycles can be performed while measuring resistance.
- This test consists in determining the value of the resistance under stretching. Two phases of stretching are studied, the first during stretching (50 mm / min), the period during which the traction arm is in motion, and the second once the test piece is stretched.
- the resistance of a sample is proportional to the ratio between the length (distance between the electrodes) of the specimen and its section (product of width and thickness).
- stretching the length increases and the section decreases, which leads to an increase in the value of resistance.
- relaxation takes place, leading to a decrease in the resistance value.
- the variation is linear according to the stretch to which the test piece is subjected.
- the difference in value between the resistance after stretching and after relaxation is about 11%.
- FIG. 3 shows the evolution of the resistance of the test piece as a function of time, and as a function of stretching.
- Figure 4 shows the evolution of the resistance of the test piece (top curve) and stretch (bottom curve) as a function of time during tensile cycles.
- the stretch is between 100% (relaxed position) and 150% (a) or 200% (b).
- the variation in resistance changes with the variation in position to reach values from extremum to the relaxed and stretched position. Beyond the value of the resistance itself, it is important to note that during this stretching-relaxation process the value of the resistance changes because of the difference in geometry of the test piece and not because of loss of percolation.
- the maximum and minimum values obtained during the different cycles are close to each other, which shows that the specimen does not deteriorate during the different stretches.
- Figure 5 shows that a stretch of up to 300% can be achieved with the specimen without degradation of the composite or loss of conductivity.
- the conductive composite is deposited on a stretchable polyester textile by impregnation of the fibers with the conductive polymer.
- the stretchability of polyester is due to the mode of weaving of the polyester fibers, the polyester fibers not being inherently stretchable.
- the deposition was carried out for the two conductive composites of Example 2, that is to say: (a) composite of particles with a PBuA / PANI ratio of 75/25, a core diameter of approximately 120 nm , a mixture of BrijS 100 and DTAB surfactants (test 4 of Table 1), and a conductivity of 1.6 S / cm, and (b) composite of particles with a PBuA / PANI ratio of 70/30, a core diameter of about 180 nm, a mixture of BrijS100 and Ninol L5 surfactants (test 3 of Table 1), and a conductivity of 1 S / cm.
- the graph of FIG. 7 represents the signal obtained during various successive manual events, be it traction and towed maintenance, or impulse (traction then instantaneous release). Beyond the fact that the material reacts to successive events, the fact that the value of the initial resistance is obtained quickly (a few seconds) is an essential result. In effect, this means that the system is not degraded by stretching.
- the stretchable textile substrate on which the composite is deposited retains its stretchability properties, and the composite deposited on the substrate retains its conductivity properties during stretch cycles.
- Example 4 Devices using the present invention
- Presence detector A Lycra support on which the composite has been deposited is placed between the carpet and a perforated support allowing the carpet + Lycra pair to sink into.
- the high sensitivity to sudden stretching of this printed material allows the detection of a characteristic signal of the step on the carpet, even when the stretch is low.
- a fabric support on which the composite has been deposited is attached under the heel of a sock.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1904606A FR3095651B1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 | 2019-05-02 | Particules nanocomposites conductrices étirables |
| PCT/EP2020/062011 WO2020221853A1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 | 2020-04-30 | Particules nanocomposites conductrices étirables |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3963015A1 true EP3963015A1 (fr) | 2022-03-09 |
Family
ID=67999785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20724029.2A Withdrawn EP3963015A1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 | 2020-04-30 | Particules nanocomposites conductrices étirables |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11810688B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3963015A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2022530377A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3138032A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3095651B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020221853A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4441154A1 (fr) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-10-09 | Agfa Nv | Dispersion de particules de résine pour impression à jet d'encre |
| CN114773823B (zh) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-02-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | 粘弹性高分子复合导电材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000174400A (ja) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-23 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | フレキシブルプリント基板 |
| JP2001023437A (ja) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-26 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | ポリアニリン系ペースト、これを用いた固体電解コンデンサの製造法及び固体電解コンデンサ |
| US7033639B2 (en) * | 2001-05-16 | 2006-04-25 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polyaniline coating composition |
| FR2889197B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-12-24 | Univ Pau Et Des Pays De L Adour | Particules nanocomposites electriquement conductrices possedant un coeur de polyacrylate d'alkyle et une ecorce de polyaniline |
| WO2007111996A2 (fr) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-10-04 | Clemson University | Encre polymère conductrice |
| KR101890308B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-07 | 2018-08-21 | 주식회사 한국엔티켐 | 다층구조의 전도성 나노입자 및 이의 제조방법 |
| FR2993098B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-09 | 2019-11-01 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Collecteur de courant pour batterie lithium |
| US9922746B2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2018-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Stretchable composite conductors for flexible electronics, stretchable plasmonic devices, optical filters, and implantable devices and methods for manufacture thereof |
| EP3118069A1 (fr) | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-18 | U-Shin Deutschland Zugangssysteme GmbH | Dispositif de verrouillage de colonne de direction électrique |
| KR20180114114A (ko) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-10-17 | 도요보 가부시키가이샤 | 의복형 전자 기기, 및 의복형 전자 기기의 제조방법 |
| KR102248989B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-30 | 2021-05-06 | 세키스이가세이힝코교가부시키가이샤 | 도전성 수지 입자 및 그 용도 |
-
2019
- 2019-05-02 FR FR1904606A patent/FR3095651B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 JP JP2021562313A patent/JP2022530377A/ja active Pending
- 2020-04-30 WO PCT/EP2020/062011 patent/WO2020221853A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-04-30 US US17/442,424 patent/US11810688B2/en active Active
- 2020-04-30 CA CA3138032A patent/CA3138032A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-04-30 EP EP20724029.2A patent/EP3963015A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3138032A1 (fr) | 2020-11-05 |
| FR3095651B1 (fr) | 2021-12-03 |
| WO2020221853A1 (fr) | 2020-11-05 |
| US20220189653A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
| FR3095651A1 (fr) | 2020-11-06 |
| US11810688B2 (en) | 2023-11-07 |
| JP2022530377A (ja) | 2022-06-29 |
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