EP3959549A1 - Miroir pour cellule photovoltaïque, cellule et module photovoltaïques - Google Patents
Miroir pour cellule photovoltaïque, cellule et module photovoltaïquesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3959549A1 EP3959549A1 EP20720058.5A EP20720058A EP3959549A1 EP 3959549 A1 EP3959549 A1 EP 3959549A1 EP 20720058 A EP20720058 A EP 20720058A EP 3959549 A1 EP3959549 A1 EP 3959549A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- mirror
- sublayer
- photovoltaic cell
- photovoltaic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
- G02B5/085—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal
- G02B5/0858—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal the reflecting layers comprising a single metallic layer with one or more dielectric layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
- H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
- H10F10/16—Photovoltaic cells having only PN heterojunction potential barriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
- H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
- H10F10/16—Photovoltaic cells having only PN heterojunction potential barriers
- H10F10/167—Photovoltaic cells having only PN heterojunction potential barriers comprising Group I-III-VI materials, e.g. CdS/CuInSe2 [CIS] heterojunction photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
- H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H10F77/48—Back surface reflectors [BSR]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/12—Active materials
- H10F77/126—Active materials comprising only Group I-III-VI chalcopyrite materials, e.g. CuInSe2, CuGaSe2 or CuInGaSe2 [CIGS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/12—Active materials
- H10F77/127—Active materials comprising only Group IV-VI or only Group II-IV-VI chalcogenide materials, e.g. PbSnTe
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/12—Active materials
- H10F77/128—Active materials comprising only Group I-II-IV-VI kesterite materials, e.g. Cu2ZnSnSe4 or Cu2ZnSnS4
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mirror for a photovoltaic cell.
- the present invention also relates to a photovoltaic cell as well as to a photovoltaic module comprising such a mirror.
- Photovoltaic solar energy is electrical energy produced from solar radiation using photovoltaic panels. Such energy is renewable because light energy is considered inexhaustible on the human time scale.
- the photovoltaic cell is the basic electronic component of the system. It uses the photoelectric effect to convert electromagnetic waves (radiation) emitted by the Sun into electricity.
- Several cells linked together form a photovoltaic solar module and these modules grouped together form a solar installation.
- a CIGS photovoltaic cell is commonly manufactured by deposition on a layer of molybdenum placed on soda-lime glass. During this deposition, a layer of MoSe2 forms at the interface between the molybdenum layer and the CIGS layer.
- the molybdenum layer has good resistance to CIGS deposition temperatures, typically between 500 ° C and 600 ° C. After deposition, the layer thus forms an ohmic contact with the CIGS for the collection of charges which are in this case holes.
- the presence of such a layer induces optical losses.
- the optical reflection at the interface between the CIGS and the molybdenum is weak, the light which is not absorbed after a first pass through the CIGS and which arrives at this interface is mainly absorbed in the molybdenum layer. This absorbed light is lost, resulting in a reduced yield for the photovoltaic cell.
- Such a decrease is attenuated by the formation of a CIGS layer having a gradual composition in Ga which has the effect of increasing the band of conduction of the semiconductor, and thus push the electrons away from the interface between the mirror and the CIGS layer to limit non-radiative recombinations.
- the description describes a mirror, in particular for a photovoltaic cell, comprising a stack of layers, the layers being superimposed along a stacking direction, the stack comprising a first layer of transparent conductive oxide, a second layer optical reflection metal, and a third conductive oxide layer.
- the mirror has one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the mirror also comprises at least one interfacing layer positioned at the interface between the second layer with one of the first layer and the third layer, the interfacing layer preferably being made of titanium or in chrome.
- the mirror comprises an additional layer positioned between the first layer and the second layer, the additional layer being either ZnO: Al or formed by two layers made of a separate transparent conductive oxide.
- the first layer has a sub-micron structure.
- the first layer is made of a material chosen from the group consisting of ITO, Sn0 2 F and ln 2 03: H.
- the second layer is made of silver, the second layer preferably having a thickness greater than or equal to 50 nanometers.
- the third layer is made of ZnO: AI.
- the description also describes a photo voltaic cell comprising a mirror as described above.
- the photovoltaic cell further comprises an absorber, the absorber being chosen from the list consisting of an alloy II-II-VI 2 , a chalcogenide and a kesterite.
- an absorber being chosen from the list consisting of an alloy II-II-VI 2 , a chalcogenide and a kesterite.
- the description also describes a photovoltaic module comprising at least one photovoltaic cell as described above.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an example of a photo voltaic cell comprising a stack of layers including a mirror, and
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an example of a mirror that can be used in the photo voltaic cell of Figure 1.
- a photovoltaic cell 10 is shown schematically in Figure 1.
- a photovoltaic cell is an element capable of converting incident solar energy into electrical energy.
- Cell 10 is, for example, a CIGS thin film cell.
- a film is considered thin for a cell 10 when the film thickness is less than or equal to 3 micrometers (pm).
- the cell 10 is made of a III-III-VI 2 alloy.
- element I of the periodic table is copper
- element III of the periodic table is indium, gallium and / or aluminum
- element VI is selenium and / or sulfur.
- a set of cells 10 interconnected forms a photovoltaic module.
- Cell 10 includes a set 12 of layers.
- the layers of set 12 are planar layers.
- the layers are superimposed along a stacking direction.
- the stacking direction is represented by a Z axis in Figure 1 and is denoted as Z stacking direction in the remainder of the description.
- the set of layers has five layers stacked on a substrate S.
- the substrate S is made of glass, in particular of soda-lime glass.
- the substrate S is made of steel or of a polymer material.
- the five layers of set 12 are now outlined from top to bottom, the uppermost layer being the layer that first interacts with incident light.
- the first layer C1 is a window layer.
- the first layer C1 has a first thickness e1.
- the thickness of a layer is the dimension of a layer along the Z stacking direction.
- the first thickness e1 is between 150 nanometers (nm) and 400 nm.
- a quantity X is between two values A and B when the quantity X is greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B.
- the first thickness e1 is equal to 250 nm.
- the first layer C1 is made of a first material M1.
- the first material M1 is a transparent conductive oxide.
- TCO referring to the English name of "transparent conductive oxide” is often used for such a material.
- the first material M1 is AI: ZnO.
- the stack comprises an anti-reflection layer positioned above the first layer C1.
- the second layer C2 is a layer serving as a second window layer.
- the second layer C2 has a second thickness e2.
- the second thickness e2 is between 10 nm and 100 nm Depending on the case shown, the second thickness e2 is equal to 50 nm.
- the second layer C2 is made of a second material M2.
- the second material M2 is intrinsic ZnO.
- the third layer C3 serves as a buffer layer.
- the third layer C3 has a third thickness e3.
- the third thickness e3 is between 10 nm and 50 nm.
- the third thickness e3 is equal to 30 nm.
- the third layer C3 is made of a third material M3.
- the third material M3 is CdS.
- the third material M3 is Zn (S, 0.0H).
- the fourth layer C4 is an active layer.
- the fourth layer C4 is often referred to as an absorber.
- the fourth layer C4 has a fourth thickness e4.
- the fourth thickness e4 is less than or equal to 3 ⁇ m.
- the fourth thickness e4 is between 100 nm and 1000 nm. According to the case shown, the fourth thickness e4 is equal to 500 nm.
- the fourth layer C4 is made of a fourth material M4 which is CIGS in the example given.
- the fifth layer C5 is a mirror which will be referenced 14.
- the fifth layer C5 is a plane mirror.
- the fifth layer C5 has a fifth thickness e5.
- the fifth thickness e5 is between 50 nm and 1 ⁇ m.
- the fifth layer C5 is a stack of sublayers which is more precisely represented in FIG. 2.
- the fifth sublayer C5 has six sublayers forming a stack of superimposed layers along the Z stack direction.
- the six sublayers forming the fifth layer C5 are now described from top to bottom, the uppermost layer being the layer which first interacts with incident light and is in contact with the sixth layer C6.
- the first sublayer SC1 ensures ohmic contact with the fourth layer C4.
- the first SC1 sublayer thus plays the role of a protective sublayer which conducts charges.
- the first sub-layer SC1 thus performs an electrical function, the function collecting the charges and conducting the current.
- the first sublayer SC1 also serves as a diffusion barrier and ensures the stability of the mirror 14.
- the first SC1 sublayer exhibits properties that prevent the coalescence, oxidation and sulfurization of silver.
- the first sub-layer SC1 is formed from a transparent material.
- the first SC1 sub-layer is made of indium tin oxide.
- Indium tin oxide is a mixture of indium (III) oxide (In 20 03) and tin (IV) oxide (SnC> 2). Such a material is also called tin doped indium oxide or ITO.
- ITO is the abbreviation of the corresponding English term of "Indium tin oxide”.
- the first sub-layer SC1 is made of a material which is a transparent conductive oxide or TCO material as indicated above.
- the first sub-layer SC1 is made of Sn0 2 : F or of ln 2 0.
- the second SC2 sublayer serves to conduct the current.
- the second sublayer SC2 also serves as a diffusion barrier and ensures the stability of the mirror 14.
- the second sublayer SC2 is formed from a transparent material.
- the second sublayer SC2 is formed from a material different from the first sublayer SC1, or has a different morphology (grain size).
- the residual diffusion of species at the grain boundaries of the second sublayer SC2 will have little chance of diffusing at the grain boundaries of the first sublayer SC1.
- the second sublayer SC2 is made of ZnO: AI.
- any TCO material can be used to manufacture the second sublayer SC2.
- the second sub-layer SC2 has a thickness of between 20 nm and 300 nm.
- the third SC3 sublayer serves as an interfacing or bonding layer.
- the third sublayer SC3 improves the adhesion between the second sublayer SC2 and the fourth sublayer SC4.
- the third sub-layer SC3 is made of Ti.
- the third sub-layer SC3 is thus made of a metallic material.
- chromium Cr can be used to form the third sublayer
- the third SC3 sublayer has a thickness between 0.5 nm and
- the third SC3 sublayer has a thickness of less than 1 nanometer to limit the absorption of incident light.
- the fourth SC4 sublayer is a reflective sublayer, in particular for incident light having a wavelength between 400 nm and 1.2 ⁇ m, which corresponds to the visible and near infrared ranges.
- the fourth sublayer SC4 performs two distinct functions: an electrical function and an optical function.
- the electrical function is, in the case described, to ensure a lateral conductivity for the collection of the current at the edge of the photovoltaic cell 10.
- the optical function is to reflect the incident light on the fourth SC4 sublayer.
- the fourth SC4 sublayer is made of Ag.
- the material forming the fourth sub-layer SC4 is a metallic material.
- the fourth sub-layer SC4 has a thickness of between 50 nm and 200 nm.
- the fourth sub-layer SC4 has a thickness of between 100 nm and 150 nm.
- the same remarks as for the third sublayer SC3 are valid for the fifth sublayer SC5 and are not repeated here.
- the only difference is the fifth sublayer SC5 to improve the adhesion between the fourth sublayer SC4 and the sixth sublayer SC6 and not between the second sublayer SC2 and the fourth sublayer SC4.
- the third sublayer SC3 and the fifth sublayer SC5 are identical.
- the thickness of the fifth sublayer SC5 can be much greater than 1 nm, because this fifth sublayer SC5 has no optical function.
- the sixth sublayer SC6 is made of ZnO: AI.
- Such a material is more often referred to under the acronym AZO which refers to the English term for "aluminum-doped zinc oxide"
- the sixth sub-layer SC6 is made of a TCO material.
- the sixth sublayer SC6 is made of ITO.
- the material forming the sixth sublayer SC6 is a conductive material which does not have the property of being transparent.
- a material such as Ti can be considered.
- the sixth sub-layer SC6 has a thickness of between 20 nm and 300 nm.
- the sum of the seven thicknesses is less than 500 nanometers.
- the light incident on the cell 10 passes through the first layer C1 and the second layer C2 which ensures that the part transmitted to the other layers is maximized.
- the active layer C4 then absorbs the incident light.
- the mirror 14 has a better reflection than the reflection provided by a layer of molybdenum.
- the proposed mirror 14 is, moreover, stable at temperatures greater than or equal to 500 ° C.
- mirror 14 is also adapted to form ohmic contact with the absorber.
- mirror 14 is easily fabricated along with the other layers forming cell 10.
- the different layers are placed on top of each other.
- the mirror 14 can be obtained with easy-to-use deposition techniques, in particular electronic sputtering or evaporation techniques.
- the temperature is preferably less than or equal to 500 ° C.
- An alternative to get around such a problem is to insert a layer of AI 2 0 3 between the first sub-layer SC1 in ITO and the fourth layer C4, the layer of AI 2 0 3 being a thin layer, typically 3 nm.
- the manufacture of the proposed cell 10 is therefore compatible with industrialization.
- the mirror 14 makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the fourth layer C4 by a factor of 2 without modifying the absorption of the fourth layer C4. As a result, the current density of cell 10 increases.
- the mirror 14 is compatible with other materials for the absorber.
- the mirror 14 can be used with a chalcogenide material for the absorber.
- a chalcogenide is the name of the negative ion formed from a chemical element in the chalcogen family that has gained two electrons. Chalcogens correspond to the elements of the sixteenth column of the periodic table which includes sulfur and selenium.
- the chalcogenide material is Cu (ln, Ga) Se2, CulnSe2, CuGaSe2 and CulnTe2.
- the mirror 14 is used with a kesterite material for the absorber.
- a kesterite material is a quaternary semiconductor of the l 2 -l-l-IV-VU form and of tetragonal crystal structure such as copper, zinc, tin selenide (CZTSe) and sulfide-selenide alloys CZTSSe.
- the kesterite material is CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4).
- Cu2ZnSnS4 also called CZTS
- CZTS Cu2ZnSnS4
- the mirror 14 is also compatible with several types of substrates such as glass, a flexible steel (eg stainless steel or stainless steel) or a polymer, eg polyimide.
- substrates such as glass, a flexible steel (eg stainless steel or stainless steel) or a polymer, eg polyimide.
- the first sublayer SC1 has a thickness of 30 nm
- the second sublayer SC2 of 30 nm
- the fourth sublayer SC4 of 100 nm
- the sixth sublayer SC6 of 30 nm.
- the total thickness is then less than 300 nm, which is the minimum size obtained with a molybdenum mirror.
- the second sub-layer SC2 is not present.
- the material of the sixth sublayer SC6 is another oxide.
- the sixth sublayer SC6 plays the same role of thermal stability and of diffusion barrier.
- the second sublayer SC2 is formed by two layers made of a separate TCO material.
- Such an embodiment improves the stability of mirror 14 at high temperature.
- the mirror 14 is structured at the submicron scale.
- Such a submicron structuring is, for example, obtained by structuring only the first sublayer SC1.
- the process for manufacturing mirror 14 comprises depositing each sublayer on a flat substrate then etching the first sublayer SC1 by a lithography technique followed by plasma or chemical etching.
- a structured mirror 14 makes it possible to increase the optical path in the absorber. The increase can go up to a factor of 2 in the case of a perfectly reflecting plane mirror, and exceed this factor 2 in the case of a structured mirror.
- Such a mirror 14 is thus adapted to form part of an optoelectronic device comprising an absorber.
- a mirror 14 is also suitable for active optoelectronic devices such as light emitters.
- the mirror 14 comprises the substrate S as well as three sublayers, namely the first sublayer SC1 of transparent conductive oxide, the fourth sublayer SC4 of optical reflection made of metal, and the sixth SC6 conductive oxide underlay.
- mirror 14 has the first sublayer SC1, the fourth sublayer SC4, and the sixth sublayer SC6. This means, in particular, that the sixth sublayer SC6 is between the fourth sublayer SC4 and the substrate S.
- the mirror 14 forms an ohmic contact with the absorber.
- a contact is a contact of the metal / semiconductor type which allows the passage of current (collection of charges) without resistive losses. Otherwise formulated, the ohmic contact ensures that the current I and the voltage V are proportional.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1904369A FR3095523B1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Miroir pour cellule photovoltaïque, cellule et module photovoltaïques |
| PCT/EP2020/061358 WO2020216856A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-04-23 | Miroir pour cellule photovoltaïque, cellule et module photovoltaïques |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3959549A1 true EP3959549A1 (fr) | 2022-03-02 |
Family
ID=67810841
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20720058.5A Withdrawn EP3959549A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-04-23 | Miroir pour cellule photovoltaïque, cellule et module photovoltaïques |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220262971A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3959549A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN113767308A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3095523B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020216856A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8900165D0 (en) * | 1989-01-05 | 1989-03-01 | Glaverbel | Glass coating |
| US7274501B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2007-09-25 | Donnelly Corporation | Mirror reflective element assembly |
| US7964788B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2011-06-21 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Front electrode for use in photovoltaic device and method of making same |
| US8076571B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2011-12-13 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Front electrode for use in photovoltaic device and method of making same |
| US20090194155A1 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-06 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Front electrode having etched surface for use in photovoltaic device and method of making same |
| WO2010003066A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-03 | 2010-01-07 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Electrode conductrice transparente |
| US8022291B2 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-09-20 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Method of making front electrode of photovoltaic device having etched surface and corresponding photovoltaic device |
| FR2956925B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-01 | 2012-03-23 | Saint Gobain | Cellule photovoltaique |
| KR101286552B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-26 | 2013-07-16 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 반사전극 및 광전소자 |
| CN102683436B (zh) * | 2011-03-09 | 2016-03-30 | 常州亚玛顿股份有限公司 | 一种薄膜太阳能电池用导电玻璃及其制备方法 |
| EP2521183A2 (fr) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-11-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Cellule photovoltaïque incorporant une couche tampon d'oxyde(s) de zinc et d'etain |
| FR2988906B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-29 | 2016-05-13 | Centre Nat De La Rech Scient - Cnrs - | Structure de cellule photovoltaique en couches minces avec une couche miroir. |
| US20140153122A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Concentrating solar power apparatus having mirror coating and anti-soiling coating |
| KR20180043113A (ko) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-27 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 박막 태양전지 모듈 구조 및 이의 제조 방법 |
-
2019
- 2019-04-25 FR FR1904369A patent/FR3095523B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2020
- 2020-04-23 CN CN202080031043.XA patent/CN113767308A/zh active Pending
- 2020-04-23 US US17/606,205 patent/US20220262971A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-04-23 WO PCT/EP2020/061358 patent/WO2020216856A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-04-23 EP EP20720058.5A patent/EP3959549A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "Refractive index of In2O3-SnO2 (Indium tin oxide, ITO) - Konig", 21 December 2023 (2023-12-21), XP093114542, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://refractiveindex.info/?shelf=other&book=In2O3-SnO2&page=Konig> [retrieved on 20231221] * |
| ANONYMOUS: "Refractive index of Si3N4, SiN (Silicon nitride) - Kischkat", 21 December 2023 (2023-12-21), XP093114526, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://refractiveindex.info/?shelf=main&book=Si3N4&page=Kischkat> [retrieved on 20231221] * |
| See also references of WO2020216856A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113767308A (zh) | 2021-12-07 |
| WO2020216856A1 (fr) | 2020-10-29 |
| US20220262971A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
| FR3095523B1 (fr) | 2022-09-09 |
| FR3095523A1 (fr) | 2020-10-30 |
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