EP3956528A1

EP3956528A1 - Acoustic insulation product comprising a backing layer

Info

Publication number: EP3956528A1
Application number: EP20716795.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Benjamin SOURCIS; Pierre Leroy
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Isover SA France; Saint Gobain Placo SAS
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Isover SA France; Saint Gobain Placo SAS
Priority date: 2019-04-16
Filing date: 2020-04-06
Publication date: 2022-02-23
Also published as: CA3132360A1; WO2020212177A1; AU2020259716A1; EP3725968A1; US20220195723A1; BR112021020187A2; US11814836B2

Abstract

The invention relates to an acoustic insulation product (5) comprising a panel (1) made of porous material, based on foam or fibres, comprising a first face, referred to as back face (20), intended to face towards a wall, and a second face, referred to as front face (30), situated on the opposite side to the back face (20), and a layer, referred to as backing layer (2), which adheres to or is linked or coupled at least in part to the back face (20) of the panel (1) made of porous material, the backing layer (2) having an airflow resistance of between 5 kPa.s/m and 20 kPa.s/m, preferably between 7 kPa.s/m and 15 kPa.s/m. The acoustic insulation product according to the invention is able to improve both acoustic insulation and noise absorption.

Description

DESCRIPTION

TITLE: ACOUSTIC INSULATION PRODUCT INCLUDING A LAYER

BACK

The invention relates to an acoustic insulation product intended to be used in particular as a suspended ceiling tile.

Suspended ceilings are widely used in the tertiary sector to conceal technical equipment above rooms. The space above a suspended ceiling is called the plenum. From an acoustic point of view, suspended ceilings serve two main functions:

- ensure good absorption of acoustic waves (which is fundamental for acoustic comfort),

- and possibly achieve sound insulation between two adjoining rooms connected by a plenum located above the suspended ceiling.

Suspended ceiling tiles are often made of a fiber-based panel such as mineral wool, or other porous material, on which are attached:

- a front veil providing an aesthetic function and acoustic correction for absorption, and

- a rear veil ensuring airtightness between the room and the plenum.

These acoustic systems have two main features:

- low sound absorption at low frequencies, and

- resonance phenomena in the plenum, which propagate sound through the ceiling, which has a negative impact on sound insulation.

There is therefore a need for a sound insulation product, which improves both sound insulation and sound absorption.

For this, the invention provides a sound insulation product comprising:

- a panel made of porous material, in particular based on foam or fibers, comprising a first face, called the rear face, intended to be turned towards a wall such as a ceiling or a wall, and a second face, called the front face, located opposite the rear face,

a layer, called the rear layer, which adheres to or is bonded or coupled at least in part to the rear face of the panel made of porous material, the rear layer having an air flow resistance which is between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m.

According to another particular feature, the rear layer is a fibrous web in woven or non-woven fabric, a paint layer or even a layer of compressed mineral wool, or even a plastic film, or any other material in the form of a membrane or film.

According to another feature, the rear layer has a thickness less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

According to another feature, the rear layer is micro-perforated.

According to another feature, the micro-perforated back layer has, for a thickness L, a perforation rate f and a perforation diameter D such that fϋ ² = 32h ^c L / (oL), where oL denotes the resistance to air flow of the micro-perforated back layer and h the dynamic viscosity of the air.

According to another particular feature, the panel of porous material, based on foam or fibers, is a panel of mineral and / or vegetable and / or synthetic wool, a panel of open porosity foam or else a panel of agglomerated fibers obtained. wet.

According to another feature, the panel of porous material has a surface density of between 0.8 kg / m ² and 10 kg / m ² .

According to another feature, the panel of porous material has an air flow resistivity of between 30 kPa.s / m ² and 120 kPa.s / m ² , preferably between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 110 kPa.s / m2, or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 100 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 90 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² / m ² and 80 kPa.s / m ²

According to another feature, the panel made of porous material has a Young's modulus of between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa, preferably between 0.5 and 4 MPa, even more preferably between 0.8 and 4 MPa, or even between 1, 2 MPa and 4 MPa, or else between 1, 5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa.

According to another feature, the panel of porous material has a thickness of between 10 mm and 60 mm.

According to another feature, the sound insulation product further comprises a second layer, called the front layer, in the form of a veil, a membrane, a film, a paint or a coating of plaster, bonded or glued to the front face of the panel of porous material, this front layer having a resistance to air flow less than or equal to 1 kPa.s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa.s / m.

According to another feature, the sound insulation product is intended for use as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame suspended from a ceiling with a plenum between the sound insulation product and the ceiling.

The sound insulation product can also fulfill a thermal insulating function, in particular in the case of ceiling systems or of furthermoregulating (heating and / or cooling). This embodiment is also included in the invention.

The invention also relates to an acoustic insulation system suspended from a ceiling or in front of a wall, comprising a structure for suspending an insulating facing away from the ceiling or from the wall wall, in which the facing comprises at least one sound insulation product according to the invention, the rear layer being oriented towards the ceiling or the wall wall.

The invention also relates to a use of the acoustic insulation product according to the invention as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame suspended from a ceiling with a plenum between the acoustic insulation product and the ceiling, the rear layer being oriented. towards the ceiling or wall.

Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings in which:

• Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of an acoustic insulation product according to the invention;

• Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an acoustic insulation product in its use as a suspended ceiling tile.

The reference numbers which are identical in the various figures show similar or identical elements.

The invention relates to an acoustic insulation product comprising:

a panel made of porous material, in particular based on foam or fibers comprising a first face, called the rear face, intended to be turned towards a wall such as a ceiling or a wall, and a second face, called the front face, located opposite the back side,

The air flow resistance measurement is performed according to ISO 9053.

The resistance to air flow of the back layer according to the invention is representative of a limited capacity for air to pass through it, which may be linked to the presence of small pores in layer. The resistance to air flow of the rear layer being between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, it introduces an energy dissipation by viscous friction of the air set in motion by the acoustic wave. When the acoustic waves not dissipated in the panel of porous material and in the back layer pass into the plenum, they undergo multiple reflections. During these multiple reflections, some of the acoustic waves are reflected on the back layer and are absorbed by the latter thanks to the flow resistance of the back layer, unlike in the case where the back layer is waterproof. Thus, absorption is greatly improved, especially at low frequencies.

The invention also overcomes a cross section of the sealed rear wings of the prior art which, by forming an almost perfectly reflective face for acoustic waves, amplifies the energy of the resonance modes in the plenum.

On the contrary, the resistance to air flow of the rear layer according to the invention allows part of the acoustic waves to pass through it. The sound insulation between the room and the plenum is therefore slightly degraded. However, the resistance to air flow of the rear layer is chosen so as not to degrade the sound insulation, that is to say to keep the inert effects of the porous material panel. . In addition, as part of the acoustic waves are dissipated in the back layer, the intensity of the acoustic waves which is reflected in the plenum is less and the sound insulation between two neighboring rooms is improved. The dissipation provided in the plenum by the rear layer reduces the propagation of waves in this same plenum. This phenomenon compensates for the loss of inertial effect due to the passage through the rear layer and makes it possible, when the flow resistance of the rear layer is advantageously chosen from the range according to the invention, to improve the sound insulation D _nf from one room to another. Thus, the sound insulation product according to the invention indeed makes it possible to improve both sound insulation and sound absorption.

Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a sound insulation product according to the invention. The sound insulation product 5 comprises a panel made of porous material 1, in particular based on foam or fibers. Thus, the panel of porous material 1 is for example a panel of mineral and / or vegetable and / or synthetic wool, a panel of foam with open porosity or else a panel of agglomerated fibers obtained by the wet process such as mineral fibers and / or. or cellulose shaped by suspension with an inorganic or organic binder.

The porous material panel has a first main face, called the rear face 20, intended to face a wall, which may be a ceiling (7 in FIG. 2) or a wall, and a second face, called the front face 30, located opposite the rear face 20. The front face is intended to face the interior of a room, a room (4 in FIG. 2) or even a corridor.

The sound insulation product 5 further comprises a layer, called the rear layer 2, which adheres to or is bonded or coupled at least in part to the rear face 20 of the panel made of porous material 1. The bond or adhesion is made from preferably by gluing, for example in the form of spots or lines of glue. The entire surface of the back layer is not necessarily coated with glue. The rear layer 2 is for example a fibrous web in woven or non-woven fabric, a layer of paint or even a layer of compressed mineral wool, or even a plastic film or any type of material in the form of a film or a membrane. . When the rear layer 2 is a layer of paint, the latter is deposited on the panel made of porous material 1 in liquid form and left to dry. There is then no bonding step, but a coating step with a primer can take place. The paint can optionally contain a pore-forming agent to provide adequate resistance to the passage of air.

The back layer 2 has an air flow resistance which is between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m to allow improvement in both sound absorption, especially at bass frequencies, and sound insulation, as explained above. It is this well chosen range of resistance to air flow which enables this technical effect. Indeed, below 5 kPa.s / m, the sound insulation is degraded. Above 20 kPa.s / m, there is no longer any gain in absorption. Preferably the resistance to air flow is included between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m, which further improves sound absorption and sound insulation. The air flow resistance measurement is carried out according to ISO 9053.

The rear layer has for example a thickness less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

In a particular embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the rear layer 2 can be micro-perforated, that is to say that micro-perforations 4 are pierced through the rear layer 2. These micro-perforations 4 can be perforated. for example, be drilled in a rear layer 2 already in place on the porous material panel 1, which has the advantage of not blocking the micro-perforations 4 when bonding the rear layer 2 on the porous material panel 1 In this embodiment, the micro-perforations 4 can be produced in a rear layer 2 made up of a so-called impermeable veil of fibers (having a resistance to the flow of air before perforation of greater than 50 kPa. s / m) so as to give it a resistance to air flow after perforation which is between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m.

When the rear layer 2 is micro-perforated, it has for example, for a thickness L, a perforation rate f and a perforation diameter D such that: fϋ ² = 32h x U (oL)

where oL denotes the airflow resistance of the micro-perforated back layer and h the dynamic viscosity of air.

As a variant, the back layer can be pierced with multi-diameter micro-perforations.

In addition, the panel made of porous material 1 preferably has a surface density of between 0.8 kg / m ² and 10 kg / m ² , so as to have sufficient mechanical strength for application as a ceiling tile while at the same time not being too heavy.

The panel made of porous material 1 preferably has an air flow resistivity of between 30 kPa.s / m ² and 120 kPa.s / m ² so as to absorb acoustic waves. Preferably, the panel made of porous material 1 has an air flow resistance of between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 110 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 100 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 90 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 80 kPa.s / m ² , to improve sound absorption. The airflow resistivity measurement is obtained by dividing the airflow resistance of the panel by its thickness.

The panel of porous material 1 also preferably has a Young's modulus of between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa so as to provide sound insulation. Preferably, the panel made of porous material 1 has a Young's modulus of between 0.5 MPa and 4 MPa, even more preferably between 0.8 MPa and 4 MPa, or even between 1.2 MPa and 4 MPa, or alternatively between 1.5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa to improve its sound insulation. The Young's modulus is measured according to the ISO 18437 standard and according to the article by C. Langlois, R. Panneton and N. Atalla: Polynomial relations for quasi-static mechanical characterization of isotropy poroelastic materials, J. Acoust . Soc. Am., 110: 3032-3040, 2001.

The porous material panel 1 further preferably has a thickness of between 10 mm and 60 mm. This range of thickness allows a good mechanical shade of the panel and sufficient absorption of acoustic waves for a ceiling tile application.

The sound insulation product 5 further preferably comprises a second layer, called the front layer 3, in the form of a veil, a membrane, a film, a paint or a plaster coating, bound or glued to the front face 30 of the panel made of porous material 1. This front layer has a decorative function above all. It has an air flow resistance which is less than or equal to 1 kPa.s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa.s / m, so as to allow sufficient air to enter in the porous material panel 1 in order to allow absorption and sound insulation by the porous material panel 1 and by the rear layer 2.

The sound insulation product 5 also preferably provides thermal insulation.

Two sound insulation products have been tested for sound absorption and sound insulation: a reference product and a product according to the invention.

The benchmark sound insulation product tested includes a mineral wool panel with a surface density of 5 kg / m ² , thickness 50 mm, Young's modulus 0.65 MPa and a flow resistivity of air of 85 kPa.s / m, a rear non-woven glass fiber web having an air flow resistance of 70 kPa.s / m and a thickness of 0.6 mm, and a front web having an air flow resistance of 0.5 kPa.s / m. The acoustic insulation product according to the invention is the same product, in which the rear wall has also been pierced with micro-perforations of 0.18 mm diameter, with a perforation rate of 0.15%. The resistance to air flow of the micro-perforated rear wall was measured at 7.5 kPa.s / m.

Sound absorption and sound insulation were measured on both products. The sound absorption is measured according to the ISO 354 standard. The aw indicator is then calculated according to the ISO 11654 standard. Throughout the application, the measurements were carried out with a plenum of 200 mm in construction height.

Sound insulation is measured according to ISO 10848-1. The indicator

D _nf is then calculated according to the ISO 717-1 standard. Throughout the request, the measurements were carried out with a plenum of 700 mm in construction height.

A gain in sound absorption (as and aw) of 0.05 was observed over the entire frequency range between 100 Hz and 5000 Hz and an insulation gain of approximately +1 dB on the D _{nf, w} between the product of sound insulation according to the invention, of which the rear wall has an air flow resistance of 7.5 kPa.s / m, and the reference sound insulation product, of which the rear wall has a resistance to air flow of 100 kPa.s / m.

It has therefore been demonstrated that the acoustic insulation product according to the invention does indeed improve both the acoustic insulation and the acoustic absorption.

The sound insulation product 5 is preferably intended for use as a suspended ceiling tile. It can also be used as an acoustic cladding on any other wall, for example on a wall. A plenum between the sound insulation product and the wall allows optimal use of it.

Figure 2 shows a sectional view of a sound insulation product in use as a suspended ceiling tile.

FIG. 2 shows a suspended ceiling comprising a metal frame 7 fixed to a ceiling wall and provided at its lower end with a ledge 9 on which the ceiling tiles rest, each ceiling tile being formed of a acoustic insulation product 5 according to the invention. A plenum 6 is present between the wall 7 of the ceiling and the upper surface of the sound insulation product 5, namely the rear layer 2. The rear face 20 of the sound insulation product 5, covered with the rear layer 2, is oriented towards the wall 7 of the ceiling. The face front 30 of the soundproofing product 5, covered here with a front panel 3, is oriented towards the interior of a room 4.

The invention also relates to a use of the acoustic insulation product 5 as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame 8 suspended from a ceiling 7 with a plenum 6 between the acoustic insulation product 5 and the ceiling 7, as well as a corresponding sound insulation system. The invention also relates to a wall sound insulation system.

Claims

1. Sound insulation product (5) comprising:

- a panel of porous material (1), in particular based on foam or fibers, comprising a first face, called the rear face (20), intended to face a wall such as a ceiling or a wall, and a second face, called the front face (30), located opposite the rear face (20),

- a layer, called the rear layer (2), which adheres to or is bonded or coupled at least in part to the rear face (20) of the panel made of porous material (1), the rear layer (2) having a resistance to air flow which is between 5 kPa.s / m and 20 kPa.s / m, preferably between 7 kPa.s / m and 15 kPa.s / m.

2. Sound insulation product (5) according to claim 1, wherein the rear layer (2) is a fibrous web in woven or non-woven fabric, a paint layer or a layer of compressed mineral wool, or even a film. plastic or any material in the form of a film or membrane.

3. Sound insulation product (5) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rear layer (2) has a thickness less than or equal to 1 cm, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm.

4. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the back layer (2) is micro-perforated.

5. Sound insulation product (5) according to claim 4, wherein the rear layer (2) has micro-perforated, for a thickness L, a perforation rate f and a perforation diameter D such that fϋ ² = 32h ^c L / (oL), where oL denotes the resistance to air flow of the micro-perforated back layer and h the dynamic viscosity of the air.

6. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the panel of porous material (1), based on foam or fibers, is a panel of mineral wool and / or vegetable and / or synthetic, an open porosity foam panel or else an agglomerated fiber panel obtained by wet process.

7. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the panel of porous material (1) has a surface density of between 0.8 kg / m ² and 10 kg / m ² .

8. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the panel of porous material (1) has a resistivity to the air flow of between 30 kPa.s / m ² and 120 kPa.s / m ² , preferably between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 110 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 100 kPa.s / m ² , or alternatively between 50 kPa .s / m ² and 90 kPa.s / m ² , or even between 50 kPa.s / m ² and 80 kPa.s / m ²

9. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the panel of porous material (1) has a Young's modulus of between

0.1 MPa and 4 MPa, preferably between 0.5 MPa and 4 MPa, even more preferably between 0.8 MPa and 4 MPa, or even between 1.2 MPa and 4 MPa, or alternatively between

I, 5 MPa and 4 MPa, or between 2 MPa and 4 MPa.

10. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the panel of porous material (1) has a thickness between

10 mm and 60 mm.

11. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a second layer, said front layer (3), in the form of a web, a membrane, a film. , a paint or a plaster coating, bonded or glued to the front face (30) of the panel made of porous material (1), this front layer (3) having a lower resistance to air flow or equal to 1 kPa.s / m, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 kPa.s / m.

12. Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to

I I, intended for use as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame (8) suspended from a ceiling (7) with a plenum (6) between the sound insulation product (5) and the ceiling (7).

13. Sound insulation system suspended under a ceiling or in front of a wall comprising a structure for suspending an insulating facing away from the ceiling (7) or from the wall wall, in which the facing comprises at least one Sound insulation product (5) according to one of claims 1 to 12, the rear layer (2) being oriented towards the ceiling (7) or the wall wall.

14. Use of the sound insulation product according to one of claims 1 to 12 as an acoustic ceiling tile on a frame (8) suspended from a ceiling (7) with a plenum (6) between the sound insulation product (5) and the ceiling (7), the rear layer (2) facing the ceiling (7).