EP3953527B1 - Tamping pick - Google Patents
Tamping pick Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3953527B1 EP3953527B1 EP20710504.0A EP20710504A EP3953527B1 EP 3953527 B1 EP3953527 B1 EP 3953527B1 EP 20710504 A EP20710504 A EP 20710504A EP 3953527 B1 EP3953527 B1 EP 3953527B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tamping
- tine
- pick
- sensor
- shaft
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
- E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
- E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
- E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
- E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
- E01B2203/12—Tamping devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tamping pick for a tamping machine for tamping a track, with a pick shaft which has a holding section for fastening in a pick holder at its upper end and which merges into a pick plate at its lower end.
- the WO 2011/003427 A1 a tamping pick for a tamping machine for tamping a track.
- the tamping machine includes tamping tools with tine receptacles for clamping a respective tamping tine.
- JP-A-351149605 discloses a generic tamping pick with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a tamping tool of the type mentioned at the outset, with which an improved tamping process can be carried out is feasible.
- a sensitive element of a sensor is arranged in a recess in the shaft of the tine and the tamping tine includes a coupling element for transmitting a sensor signal.
- the tamping tine itself fulfills a sensor function for detecting a measured variable occurring in the tamping tine.
- the arrangement of the sensitive element is optimal because the recess in the shaft of the pick is adapted to the properties of the sensor.
- the desired measured values can be recorded with a high level of accuracy, with the integration of the sensitive element in the shaft of the pick preventing interference from being influenced.
- the arrangement protects the sensitive element from damage.
- the tamping tine includes electronics of the sensor.
- the sensor or the sensitive element can be calibrated, calibration data being able to be stored in the electronics.
- the electronics include a memory chip whose connection is routed to the outside via a cable.
- a further improvement provides that the sensitive element is designed to record several measured variables occurring in the tamping tine. For example, the temperature of the tamping tine is recorded in addition to mechanical stress. In this way, the sensor is suitable for monitoring operating conditions during a tamping process in order to derive maintenance requirements from them.
- the coupling element is an element of a detachable plug connection.
- the plug connection is released and the tamping tool goes through replaced with a new tamping tool.
- the new tamping tool uses the same plug-in connection to restore the plug-in connection.
- the tamping tool includes an electronic component for identifying the tamping tool. Conveniently, this is a so-called trusted platform module, which prevents manipulation of the identification.
- the sensitive element is an expansion element glued into the recess. In this way, forces and accelerations acting on the tamping tine can be easily detected.
- the sensitive element is an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating.
- a fiber Bragg grating can be used to measure elongations, compressions and bends at predetermined points in the optical waveguide. Forces, accelerations and temperature changes can be derived from this.
- the optical waveguide protrudes from the recess in the shaft of the pick and that the protruding section of the optical waveguide is encased in a flexible protective sleeve. In this way, the optical waveguide with the protective sheathing is guided to a point where evaluation electronics are arranged.
- the recess is designed as a longitudinal bore in a core area of the pick shaft.
- the sensitive sensor element is then optimally protected against damage without adversely affecting the strength of the ax shaft.
- a mechanical protection against buckling is optionally arranged at an exit point.
- opposite tamping tools can be subjected to vibration and are mounted on a height-adjustable tool carrier so that they can be placed next to one another, with the respective tamping tool comprising a pick receptacle in which a tamping pick described above is fastened and with an evaluation device being coupled to the sensor of the respective tamping pick .
- Measured variables occurring in the tamping picks during a tamping process can thus be recorded in order to optimize the tamping process.
- the evaluation device is connected to the respective sensor by means of a plug-in connection and if the respective plug-in connection is arranged in particular on the tool carrier. This simplifies the replacement of a tamping tine without impairing the measurement value acquisition.
- a method for operating the described tamping machine with the described tamping picks provides that during a tamping operation a measured variable occurring in the respective tamping pick is detected by the assigned sensor and registered by the evaluation device. This means that the measured values recorded during a tamping process can be used to optimize subsequent tamping processes. In addition, the tamping quality and the loads that occur can be documented.
- a calibration process is carried out for each sensor before a stuffing process, in order to determine calibration values. This recurring renewal of the calibration values ensures that each sensor works with the greatest possible accuracy at all times.
- a further improvement of the method provides that, before a tamping process, a readout process is started for each tamping tool and that the tamping process is blocked if the electronic component for identifying the respective tamping tool is missing or incorrect. This prevents the tamping machine from being operated with the wrong tamping tool. Using the wrong tamping tools can result in poor tamping quality or excessive wear. In addition, incorrect tamping tools cannot be used for the measurement value acquisition according to the invention.
- Corresponding status data can also be transmitted to a cloud in order to log every change process.
- the tamping machine 1 shown can be moved with rail chassis 2 on a track 3 to be tamped and comprises a tamping unit 4, a lifting/aligning unit 5, a measuring system 6 and a machine control 7.
- the track 3 is a ballasted track, in which a sleeper 8 and rails 9 formed track grid is stored in a ballast bed 10.
- the track panel is lifted into a desired position by means of the lifting/straightening unit 5 and, if necessary, shifted to the side.
- a comparison of the current position of the track panel with the target position is carried out using the measuring system 6.
- the target position is fixed by the tamping unit 2 penetrating with vibrating tamping picks 11 between the sleepers 8 into the ballast bed 10 and compacting the ballast under the sleepers 8 with a lateral movement.
- the lifting/straightening unit 5 and the tamping unit 4 are controlled by the machine control 7 using the measuring system 6.
- Each tamping pick 11 is fixed in a pick receptacle 12 of a tamping tool 13 .
- a tine shaft 14 of the respective tamping tine 11 has a holding section 15 at its upper end, which is inserted in the tine receptacle 12 .
- the holding section 15 is cylindrical and forms a fit with a cylindrical inner surface of the tool holder 12 .
- the holding section 15 is clamped in the tool holder 12 by means of screw connections.
- the pick shaft 14 merges into a pick plate 16 .
- Opposite tamping tools 13 are mounted in the form of tongs on a common tool carrier 17 .
- the tool carrier 17 is guided in a unit frame 18 so that it can be adjusted in height.
- Upper ends of the tamping tools 13 are connected to a vibration generator 20 via respective auxiliary drives 19 .
- the auxiliary drives 19 are mounted on a rotating eccentric shaft.
- the generation of vibrations is integrated in the respective auxiliary drive 19 . In this case, cyclic vibration strokes are superimposed on an auxiliary stroke in a hydraulic cylinder.
- At least one measured variable occurring in a tamping pick 11 is recorded.
- a sensitive element 22 of a sensor 23 is arranged in a recess 21 of the pick shaft 14 .
- the measured variable is supplied to an evaluation device 25 via a coupling element 24 connected to the sensitive element 22 .
- the evaluation device 25 is connected to the respective sensor 23 by means of a plug connection 26 .
- the evaluation device 25 is set up in the machine controller 7, for example.
- the sensitive element 22 is advantageously an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating.
- the section with the fiber Bragg grating is glued into the recess 21 of the shaft 14 of the pick. In this way, expansions, compressions or bends in the pick shaft 14 are transmitted to the optical waveguide.
- the optical waveguide is guided out of the pick shaft 14 at a recess opening 27 .
- Mechanical protection is advantageously arranged here in order to avoid damage to the optical waveguide.
- In the example according to 2 forms the protruding section of the optical waveguide with the connection to sensor electronics 28, the coupling element 24. This section is covered with a flexible protective sleeve (eg armored hose).
- the elongations, compressions and bends of the pick shaft 14 detected by the fiber optic sensor 23 are subsequently evaluated. For example, forces, accelerations and temperature changes are calculated therefrom in the evaluation device 25 . Also Further measurement variables can be derived from the measurement signals by means of the sensor electronics 28 . The basis for this is a preceding calibration process.
- the sensor 23 is calibrated, for example, by the manufacturer before delivery.
- the calibration data are stored in the sensor 23 or in a separate storage element.
- a memory chip 29 is glued into the tamping pick 11, the connection of which is routed to the outside via a cable.
- the memory chip data is read out by means of a reading device, which can be stationary or mobile. The data are transmitted to the machine control 7 via a radio interface.
- an automatic calibration program is run before each use of the machine. Calibration values are determined for each tamping tine. The updated values are stored in memory chip 29.
- the tamping tine 11 expediently comprises a further electronic component 30 which enables the tamping tine 11 to be identified electronically.
- a so-called trusted platform module is implemented, which ensures that the tamping tool 11 is identified in a way that is secure against forgery.
- the memory chip 29 and the electronic component 30 are favorably integrated in the sensor electronics 28 .
- the machine control 7 is set up in such a way that a readout process is started after the machine 1 has been started up and before a first tamping process is carried out. If the respective electronic component 30 is missing or no identification of the respective tamping tool 11 is possible, the tamping process is blocked. This prevents a tamping process from being carried out with the wrong tamping tools.
- the readout process can also be used to log a tamping tine exchange.
- the recess 21 is shown as a longitudinal bore in a core area of the pick shaft 14 . This does not weaken the pickaxe shank 14 because the area moment of inertia of the shank cross section is only slightly affected.
- the longitudinal bore extends approximately to the pick plate 16. Thus, counteracting forces of the pick plate 16 acting Ballast bed 10 with a fiber Bragg grating at the end of a glued-in optical waveguide can be detected directly.
- the recess 21 is designed as a groove along the pick shaft 14, the groove being sealed after the sensitive element 22 has been introduced.
- a depression for the sensor electronics 28 is provided in the area of the recess opening 27 .
- the memory chip 29 and the electronic component 30 as well as plug contacts 31 are also housed in a glued-in electronics housing ( 4 ).
- the tamping tine 11 includes the entire sensor 23.
- the plug contacts 31 are connected to the contacts of the tool holder 12 ( figure 5 ).
- This plug-in connection 26 is arranged in a protected manner in the tine receptacle 12 and connects the sensor 23 to the evaluation device 25 attached to the tamping tool 13.
- a connection to the machine controller 7 is established via a cable or via a radio interface.
- the direct detection of mechanical forces, vibrations and, if necessary, the temperature in the tamping picks 11 enables ongoing status monitoring. First of all, this relates to the condition of the processed ballast bed 10. From this, adapted control parameters can be derived in order to adapt the tamping process to the respective ballast bed condition. This takes place automatically in the machine control 7 based on all sensor data and leads to an optimized control of the unit drives.
- the sensors 23 are used to record the individual tamping processes. It makes sense if ranges are specified for individual measured variables in order to identify unwanted deviations at an early stage. In this way, operating errors and progressive signs of wear can be detected (condition monitoring). An evaluation of the log data enables predictive maintenance of the wear parts, in particular the tamping pick 11 (predictive maintenance).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stopfpickel für eine Stopfmaschine zum Unterstopfen eines Gleises, mit einem Pickelschaft, der an seinem oberen Ende einen Halteabschnitt zum Befestigen in einer Pickelaufnahme aufweist und der an seinem unteren Ende in eine Pickelplatte übergeht.The invention relates to a tamping pick for a tamping machine for tamping a track, with a pick shaft which has a holding section for fastening in a pick holder at its upper end and which merges into a pick plate at its lower end.
Beispielsweise offenbart die
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Stopfpickel der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit dem ein verbesserter Stopfvorgang durchführbar ist.The invention is based on the object of specifying a tamping tool of the type mentioned at the outset, with which an improved tamping process can be carried out is feasible.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Abhängige Ansprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung an.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of
Dabei ist in einer Ausnehmung des Pickelschaftes ein sensitives Element eines Sensors angeordnet und der Stopfpickel umfasst ein Koppelelement zur Übertragung eines Sensorsignals. Auf diese Weise erfüllt der Stopfpickel selbst eine Sensorfunktion zum Erfassen einer im Stopfpickel auftretenden Messgröße. Dabei ist eine optimale Anordnung des sensitiven Elements gegeben, weil die Ausnehmung des Pickelschafts an die Eigenschaften des Sensors angepasst ist. Die gewünschten Messgrößen sind mit hoher Genauigkeit erfassbar, wobei die Integration des sensitiven Elements in den Pickelschaft eine Beeinflussung durch Störgrößen verhindert. Zudem schützt die Anordnung das sensitive Element vor Beschädigungen.A sensitive element of a sensor is arranged in a recess in the shaft of the tine and the tamping tine includes a coupling element for transmitting a sensor signal. In this way, the tamping tine itself fulfills a sensor function for detecting a measured variable occurring in the tamping tine. The arrangement of the sensitive element is optimal because the recess in the shaft of the pick is adapted to the properties of the sensor. The desired measured values can be recorded with a high level of accuracy, with the integration of the sensitive element in the shaft of the pick preventing interference from being influenced. In addition, the arrangement protects the sensitive element from damage.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst der Stopfpickel eine Elektronik des Sensors. Damit ist beispielsweise vor einer Auslieferung des Stopfpickels ein Kalibrieren des Sensors oder des sensitiven Elements durchführbar, wobei Kalibierdaten in der Elektronik speicherbar sind. Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Elektronik einen Speicherchip, dessen Anschluss über ein Kabel nach außen geführt ist.In an advantageous development, the tamping tine includes electronics of the sensor. Thus, for example, before delivery of the tamping tine, the sensor or the sensitive element can be calibrated, calibration data being able to be stored in the electronics. Advantageously, the electronics include a memory chip whose connection is routed to the outside via a cable.
Eine weitere Verbesserung sieht vor, dass das sensitive Element zur Erfassung von mehreren im Stopfpickel auftretenden Messgrößen ausgebildet ist. Beispielweise wird zusätzlich zu einer mechanischen Beanspruchung die Temperatur des Stopfpickels erfasst. Auf diese Weise eignet sich der Sensor zur Überwachung von Einsatzbedingungen während eines Stopfvorgangs, um daraus Wartungserfordernisse abzuleiten.A further improvement provides that the sensitive element is designed to record several measured variables occurring in the tamping tine. For example, the temperature of the tamping tine is recorded in addition to mechanical stress. In this way, the sensor is suitable for monitoring operating conditions during a tamping process in order to derive maintenance requirements from them.
Für einen einfachen Austausch eines Stopfpickels ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Koppelelement ein Element einer lösbaren Steckverbindung ist. Bei einem Stopfpickelwechsel wird die Steckverbindung gelöst und der Stopfpickel durch einen neuen Stopfpickel ersetzt. Der neue Stopfpickel weist den gleichen Steckanschluss auf, um die Steckverbindung wiederherzustellen.For a simple replacement of a tamping pick, it is advantageous if the coupling element is an element of a detachable plug connection. When changing the tamping tool, the plug connection is released and the tamping tool goes through replaced with a new tamping tool. The new tamping tool uses the same plug-in connection to restore the plug-in connection.
Zur Sicherstellung der Kompatibilität umfasst der Stopfpickels sinnvollerweise ein elektronisches Bauteil zur Kennzeichnung des Stopfpickels. Dabei handelt es günstigerweise um ein sogenanntes Trustet Platform Modul, das eine Manipulation der Kennzeichnung verhindert.To ensure compatibility, the tamping tool includes an electronic component for identifying the tamping tool. Conveniently, this is a so-called trusted platform module, which prevents manipulation of the identification.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausprägung des Stopfpickels ist das sensitive Element ein in die Ausnehmung eingeklebtes Dehnungselement. Auf diese Weise sind auf den Stopfpickel wirkende Kräfte und Beschleunigungen einfach erfassbar.In an advantageous embodiment of the tamping tool, the sensitive element is an expansion element glued into the recess. In this way, forces and accelerations acting on the tamping tine can be easily detected.
Eine weitere Verbesserung sieht vor, dass das sensitive Element ein Lichtwellenleiter mit einem Faser-Bragg-Gitter ist. Mittels eines solchen Faser-Bragg-Gitters können an vorgegebenen Stellen des Lichtwellenleiters Dehnungen, Stauchungen und Biegungen gemessen werden. Daraus sind Kräfte, Beschleunigungen und Temperaturänderungen ableitbar.A further improvement provides that the sensitive element is an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating. Such a fiber Bragg grating can be used to measure elongations, compressions and bends at predetermined points in the optical waveguide. Forces, accelerations and temperature changes can be derived from this.
Dabei ist es günstig, wenn der Lichtwellenleiter aus der Ausnehmung des Pickelschafts herausragt und dass der herausragende Abschnitt des Lichtwellenleiters mit einer flexiblen Schutzhülle ummantelt ist. Auf diese Weise ist der Lichtwellenleiter mit der schützenden Ummantelung bis an eine Stelle geführt, an der eine Auswerteelektronik angeordnet ist.In this case, it is advantageous if the optical waveguide protrudes from the recess in the shaft of the pick and that the protruding section of the optical waveguide is encased in a flexible protective sleeve. In this way, the optical waveguide with the protective sheathing is guided to a point where evaluation electronics are arranged.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Ausnehmung als Längsbohrung in einem Kernbereich des Pickelschaftes ausgebildet. Dann ist das sensitive Sensorelement optimal vor Beschädigungen geschützt, ohne die Festigkeit des Pickelschafts ungünstig zu beeinflussen. An einer Austrittsstelle ist gegebenenfalls ein mechanischer Schutz gegen Knicken angeordnet.According to the invention, the recess is designed as a longitudinal bore in a core area of the pick shaft. The sensitive sensor element is then optimally protected against damage without adversely affecting the strength of the ax shaft. A mechanical protection against buckling is optionally arranged at an exit point.
Bei der Stopfmaschine zum Unterstopfen eines Gleises sind gegenüberliegende Stopfwerkzeuge mit Vibration beaufschlagbar und zueinander beistellbar an einem höhenverstellbaren Werkzeugträger gelagert, wobei das jeweilige Stopfwerkzeug eine Pickelaufnahme umfasst, in der ein oben beschriebener Stopfpickels befestigt ist und wobei eine Auswerteeinrichtung mit dem Sensor des jeweiligen Stopfpickels gekoppelt ist. Damit sind während eines Stopfvorgangs in den Stopfpickeln auftretende Messgrößen erfassbar, um damit den Stopfvorgang zu optimieren.In the tamping machine for tamping a track, opposite tamping tools can be subjected to vibration and are mounted on a height-adjustable tool carrier so that they can be placed next to one another, with the respective tamping tool comprising a pick receptacle in which a tamping pick described above is fastened and with an evaluation device being coupled to the sensor of the respective tamping pick . Measured variables occurring in the tamping picks during a tamping process can thus be recorded in order to optimize the tamping process.
Dabei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Auswerteeinrichtung mittels einer Steckverbindung mit dem jeweiligen Sensor verbunden ist und wenn die jeweilige Steckverbindung insbesondere am Werkzeugträger angeordnet ist. Das vereinfacht den Austausch eines Stopfpickels, ohne die Messgrößenerfassung zu beeinträchtigen.It is advantageous if the evaluation device is connected to the respective sensor by means of a plug-in connection and if the respective plug-in connection is arranged in particular on the tool carrier. This simplifies the replacement of a tamping tine without impairing the measurement value acquisition.
Ein Verfahren zum Betreiben der beschriebenen Stopfmaschine mit den beschriebenen Stopfpickeln sieht vor, dass während eines Stopfvorgangs eine im jeweiligen Stopfpickel auftretende Messgröße mittels des zugeordneten Sensors erfasst und mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung registriert wird. Damit sind die während eines Stopfvorgangs erfassten Messgrößen für die Optimierung nachfolgender Stopfvorgänge nutzbar. Zudem sind die Stopfqualität und die auftretenden Belastungen dokumentierbar.A method for operating the described tamping machine with the described tamping picks provides that during a tamping operation a measured variable occurring in the respective tamping pick is detected by the assigned sensor and registered by the evaluation device. This means that the measured values recorded during a tamping process can be used to optimize subsequent tamping processes. In addition, the tamping quality and the loads that occur can be documented.
In einem verbesserten Verfahren wird vor einem Stopfvorgang für jeden Sensor ein Kalibiervorgang durchgeführt, um Kalibrierwerte zu ermitteln. Mit dieser wiederkehrenden Erneuerung der Kalibierwerte ist sichergestellt, dass jeder Sensor zu jeder Zeit mit der größtmöglichen Genauigkeit arbeitet.In an improved method, a calibration process is carried out for each sensor before a stuffing process, in order to determine calibration values. This recurring renewal of the calibration values ensures that each sensor works with the greatest possible accuracy at all times.
Eine weitere Verbesserung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass vor einem Stopfvorgang für jeden Stopfpickel ein Ausleseprozess gestartet wird und dass bei fehlendem oder falschem elektronischen Bauteil zur Kennzeichnung des jeweiligen Stopfpickels der Stopfvorgang blockiert wird. Damit wird verhindert, dass die Stopfmaschine mit falschen Stopfpickel betrieben wird. Die Verwendung falscher Stopfpickel kann Qualitätseinbußen beim Stopfen oder starken Verscheiß nach sich ziehen. Zudem können falsche Stopfpickel nicht zur erfindungsgemäßen Messwerterfassung genutzt werden.A further improvement of the method provides that, before a tamping process, a readout process is started for each tamping tool and that the tamping process is blocked if the electronic component for identifying the respective tamping tool is missing or incorrect. This prevents the tamping machine from being operated with the wrong tamping tool. Using the wrong tamping tools can result in poor tamping quality or excessive wear. In addition, incorrect tamping tools cannot be used for the measurement value acquisition according to the invention.
Um jederzeit den aktuellen Status der Stopfmaschine abfragen zu können ist es günstig, wenn ein Wechsel eines Stopfpickels mittels der Auswerteeinrichtung registriert wird. Entsprechende Statusdaten können auch in eine Cloud übertragen werden, um jeden Wechselvorgang zu protokollieren.In order to be able to query the current status of the tamping machine at any time, it is advantageous if a change of a tamping tine is registered by means of the evaluation device. Corresponding status data can also be transmitted to a cloud in order to log every change process.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in beispielhafter Weise unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- Stopfmaschine
- Fig. 2
- Stopfaggregat
- Fig. 3
- Stopfpickel mit Längsbohrung
- Fig. 4
- Stopfpickel mit sensitivem Element und Koppelelement
- Fig. 5
- Stopfpickel in einer Pickelaufnahme
- 1
- tamping machine
- 2
- tamping unit
- 3
- Tamping tool with longitudinal bore
- 4
- Tamping tool with sensitive element and coupling element
- figure 5
- Tamping tine in a tine receptacle
Die in
Die Sollposition wird fixiert, indem das Stopfaggregat 2 mit vibrierenden Stopfpickeln 11 zwischen den Schwellen 8 in das Schotterbett 10 eindringt und mit einer Beistellbewegung Schotter unter den Schwellen 8 verdichtet. Die Ansteuerung des Hebe-/Richtaggregats 5 und des Stopfaggregats 4 erfolgt mittels der Maschinensteuerung 7 unter Nutzung des Messsystems 6.The target position is fixed by the tamping
Jeder Stopfpickel 11 ist in einer Pickelaufnahme 12 eines Stopfwerkzeugs 13 befestigt. Dazu weist ein Pickelschaft 14 des jeweiligen Stopfpickels 11 an seinem oberen Ende einen Halteabschnitt 15 auf, der in der Pickelaufnahme 12 steckt. Beispielsweise ist der Halteabschnitt 15 zylindrisch ausgeführt und bildet mit einer zylindrischen Innenfläche der Pickelaufnahme 12 eine Passung. Mittels Verschraubungen ist der Halteabschnitt 15 in der Pickelaufnahme 12 festgeklemmt. An seinem unteren Ende geht der Pickelschaft 14 in eine Pickelplatte 16 über.Each tamping
Gegenüberliegende Stopfwerkzeuge 13 sind zangenförmig an einem gemeinsamen Werkzeugträger 17 gelagert. Der Werkzeugträger 17 ist höhenverstellbar in einem Aggregatrahmen 18 geführt. Obere Enden der Stopfwerkzeuge 13 sind über jeweilige Beistellantriebe 19 mit einem Vibrationserzeuger 20 verbunden. Beispielsweise sind die Beistellantriebe 19 an einer rotierenden Exzenterwelle gelagert. In einer alternativen Ausführung ist die Vibrationserzeugung im jeweiligen Beistellantrieb 19 integriert. Dabei sind in einem Hydraulikzylinder einem Beistellhub zyklische Vibrationshübe überlagert.Opposite tamping
Um die Qualität eines Stopfvorgangs zu überwachen und gegebenenfalls zu beeinflussen wird zumindest eine in einem Stopfpickel 11 auftretende Messgröße erfasst. Dazu ist in einer Ausnehmung 21 des Pickelschaftes 14 ein sensitives Element 22 eines Sensors 23 angeordnet. Über ein mit dem sensitiven Element 22 verbundenes Koppelelement 24 ist die Messgröße einer Auswerteeinrichtung 25 zugeführt. In der in
Vorteilhafterweise ist das sensitive Element 22 ein Lichtwellenleiter mit einem Faser-Bragg-Gitter. Dabei ist der Abschnitt mit dem Faser-Bragg-Gitter in die Ausnehmung 21 des Pickelschaftes 14 eingeklebt. Auf diese Weise werden Dehnungen, Stauchungen oder Biegungen im Pickelschaft 14 auf den Lichtwellenleiter übertragen. An einer Ausnehmungsöffnung 27 ist der Lichtwellenleiter aus dem Pickelschaft 14 herausgeführt. Günstigerweise ist hier ein mechanischer Schutz angeordnet, um eine Beschädigung des Lichtwellenleiters zu vermeiden. Im Bespiel gemäß
Die mittels des Faseroptik-Sensors 23 erfassten Dehnungen, Stauchungen und Biegungen des Pickelschafts 14 werden in weiterer Folge ausgewertet. Beispielsweise werden in der Auswerteeinrichtung 25 daraus Kräfte, Beschleunigungen und Temperaturänderungen rechnerisch ermittelt. Auch mittels der Sensorelektronik 28 sind aus den Messsignalen weitere Messgrößen ableitbar. Basis dafür ist ein vorangehender Kalibrierprozess.The elongations, compressions and bends of the
Die Kalibrierung des Sensors 23 erfolgt beispielsweise beim Hersteller vor der Auslieferung. Dabei werden die Kalibrierdaten im Sensor 23 oder in einem eigenen Speicherelement abgespeichert. Günstigerweise ist im Stopfpickel 11 ein Speicherchip 29 eingeklebt, dessen Anschluss über ein Kabel nach außen geführt ist. Bei einem alternativen Drahtlossensor 23 erfolgt ein Auslesen der Speicherchipdaten mittels eines Lesegeräts, das stationär oder mobil ausgeführt sein kann. Die Daten werden über eine Funkschnittstelle an die Maschinensteuerung 7 übermittelt.The
Alternativ oder ergänzend zur initialen Kalibrierung wird vor jedem Maschineneinsatz ein automatisches Kalibrierprogramm ausgeführt. Dabei werden für jeden Stopfpickel Kalibrierwerte ermittelt. Eine Abspeicherung der aktualisierten Werte erfolgt im Speicherchip 29.As an alternative or in addition to the initial calibration, an automatic calibration program is run before each use of the machine. Calibration values are determined for each tamping tine. The updated values are stored in
Der Stopfpickel 11 umfasst sinnvollerweise ein weiteres elektronisches Bauteil 30, das eine elektronische Kennzeichnung des Stopfpickels 11 ermöglicht. Zum Beispiel ist ein sogenanntes Trustet Platform Modul implementiert, welches eine fälschungssichere Identifikation des Stopfpickels 11 sicherstellt. Günstigerweise sind der Speicherchip 29 und das elektronische Bauteil 30 in der Sensorelektronik 28 integriertet.The
Die Maschinensteuerung 7 ist dabei so eingerichtet, dass nach Inbetriebnahme der Maschine 1 und vor Ausführung eines ersten Stopfvorgangs ein Ausleseprozess gestartet wird. Falls das jeweilige elektronische Bauteil 30 fehlt oder keine Identifizierung des jeweiligen Stopfpickels 11 möglich ist, wird der Stopfvorgang blockiert. Damit wird verhindert, dass ein Stopfvorgang mit falschen Stopfpickeln durchgeführt wird. Der Ausleseprozess ist auch zur Protokollierung eines Stopfpickeltausches nutzbar.The
In
Im Bereich der Ausnehmungsöffnung 27 ist eine Einsenkung für die Sensorelektronik 28 vorgesehen. Dabei sind in einem eingeklebten Elektronikgehäuse auch der Speicherchip 29 und das elektronische Bauteil 30 sowie Steckkontakte 31 untergebracht (
Im eingebauten Zustand des Stopfpickels 11 sind die Steckkontakte 31 mit Kontakten der Pickelaufnahme 12 verbunden (
Die direkte Erfassung von mechanischen Kräften, von Vibrationen und gegebenenfalls der Temperatur in den Stopfpickeln 11 ermöglicht eine laufende Zustandsüberwachung. Das betrifft zunächst den Zustand des bearbeiteten Schotterbettes 10. Daraus lassen sich angepasste Steuerungsparameter ableiten, um den Stopfprozess an den jeweiligen Schotterbettzustand anzupassen. Das geschieht automatisiert in der Maschinensteuerung 7 auf Basis aller Sensordaten und führt zu einer optimierten Ansteuerung der Aggregatantriebe.The direct detection of mechanical forces, vibrations and, if necessary, the temperature in the tamping picks 11 enables ongoing status monitoring. First of all, this relates to the condition of the processed
Neben der Zustandserfassung des Schotterbettes 10 dienen die Sensoren 23 zur Protokollierung der einzelnen Stopfvorgänge. Dabei ist es sinnvoll, wenn für einzelne Messgrößen Bereiche vorgegeben werden, um unerwünschte Abweichungen frühzeitig zu erkennen. Auf diese Weise sind Fehlbedienungen und fortschreitende Abnützungserscheinungen feststellbar (Condition Monitoring). Eine Auswertung der Protokolldaten ermöglicht eine vorausschauende Wartung der Verschleißteile, insbesondere der Stopfpickel 11 (Predictive Maintenance).In addition to detecting the condition of the
Claims (4)
- Tamping tine (11) for a tamping machine (1) for tamping a track (3), including a tine shaft (14) which has at its upper end a retaining portion (15) for fastening in a tine mount (12) and which merges at its lower end into a tine plate (16), that a sensitive element (22) of a sensor (23) is arranged in a recess (21) of the tine shaft (14), and that the tamping tine (11) includes a coupling element (24) for transmission of a sensor signal, characterized in, that the recess (21) is formed as a longitudinal bore in a core section of the tine shaft (14).
- Tamping tine (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensitive element (22) is a strain element glued into the recess (21).
- Tamping tine (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensitive element (22) is a fibre optic cable with a fibre Bragg grating.
- Tamping tine (11) according to claim 3, characterized in that the fibre optic cable protrudes from the recess (21) of the tine shaft (14), and that the protruding portion of the fibre optic cable is sheathed by a flexible protective cover.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA130/2019A AT522406A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Tamping pick and method of tamping a track |
PCT/EP2020/056414 WO2020207686A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2020-03-11 | Tamping pick and method for tamping a track |
Publications (3)
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EP3953527A1 EP3953527A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
EP3953527C0 EP3953527C0 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
EP3953527B1 true EP3953527B1 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
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EP20710504.0A Active EP3953527B1 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2020-03-11 | Tamping pick |
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US (1) | US20220145548A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3953527B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7485694B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113646482A (en) |
AT (1) | AT522406A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020207686A1 (en) |
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CN114703703B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-01-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Tamping rake, tamping pick, tamping vehicle and tamping method of tamping vehicle |
Family Cites Families (12)
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JPS5842321B2 (en) * | 1975-06-14 | 1983-09-19 | 芝浦メカトロニクス株式会社 | Doushiyoushimekanamesouchi |
SU1194940A1 (en) * | 1984-07-25 | 1985-11-30 | Ts K B Tyazhelykh Putevykh Mas | Track maintenance machine |
JP2002146702A (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-22 | Nagoya Railroad Co Ltd | Tamping method for ballast and tamping machine for ballast |
JP3942864B2 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2007-07-11 | 財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Trajectory error measuring method and measuring device |
WO2011003427A1 (en) | 2009-07-04 | 2011-01-13 | Franz Plasser Bahnbaumaschinen-Industriegesellschaft Mbh | Tamping pick for a tamping machine for tamping a track |
CN102031734B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-05-23 | 山东申普交通科技有限公司 | Intelligent control method of small-size hydraulic automatic tamping machine |
CN103174433A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-26 | 天津大学 | Shield tunneling machine tool with compound sensor |
PE20220695A1 (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2022-05-04 | Esco Group Llc | MONITORING OF GROUND CONDITIONING PRODUCTS FOR EARTHMOVING WORK TEAMS |
AT518025A1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Stopfaggregat and method for submerging a track |
AT518195B1 (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-11-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Method for compacting the ballast bed of a track and tamping unit |
KR101994132B1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-06-28 | 가부시키가이샤 고마쓰 세이사쿠쇼 | Manipulators of working machines |
AT520056B1 (en) | 2017-05-29 | 2020-12-15 | Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Method and device for compacting a track ballast bed |
-
2019
- 2019-04-11 AT ATA130/2019A patent/AT522406A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2020
- 2020-03-11 CN CN202080025532.4A patent/CN113646482A/en active Pending
- 2020-03-11 WO PCT/EP2020/056414 patent/WO2020207686A1/en unknown
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- 2020-03-11 JP JP2021559953A patent/JP7485694B2/en active Active
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US20220145548A1 (en) | 2022-05-12 |
WO2020207686A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
EP3953527A1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
CN113646482A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
EP3953527C0 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
JP7485694B2 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
AT522406A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
JP2022526026A (en) | 2022-05-20 |
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