EP3953527A1

EP3953527A1 - Tamping pick and method for tamping a track

Info

Publication number: EP3953527A1
Application number: EP20710504.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin BÜRGER; Gerald Zauner
Original assignee: Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Current assignee: Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date: 2019-04-11
Filing date: 2020-03-11
Publication date: 2022-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-11
Also published as: JP2022526026A; AT522406A1; JP7485694B2; US20220145548A1; WO2020207686A1; CN113646482A; EP3953527B1; EP3953527C0

Abstract

The invention relates to a tamping pick (11) for a tamping machine (1) for tamping a track (3), said tamping pick comprising a pick shaft (14) which has a holding section (15) at its upper end for fastening in a pick receptacle (12) and which merges at its lower end into a pick plate (16). A sensing element (22) of a sensor (23) is located in a recess (21) of the pick shaft (14) and the tamping pick (11) comprises a coupling element (24) for transmitting a sensor signal. In this manner, the tamping pick (11) fulfills a sensor function in order to detect measurement variables occurring in the tamping pick (11).

Description

Tamping pick and method of tamping a track

Field of technology

The invention relates to a tamping pick for a tamping machine for

Tamping under a track, with a pick shaft, which at its upper end has a holding section for fastening in a pick holder and which merges into a pick plate at its lower end. In addition, the invention relates to a tamping machine for tamping under a track, wherein opposite tamping tools can be acted upon with vibration and are mounted on a height-adjustable tool carrier so that they can be provided with one another. The invention also relates to a method for operating the tamping machine with tamping picks.

State of the art

[02] For example, WO 2011/003427 A1 discloses a tamping pick for a tamping machine for tamping under a track. The

Tamping machine Tamping tools with pick holders for clamping a respective tamping pick.

[03] WO 2018/219570 A1 discloses a method for compressing a

Ballast bed known by means of a tamping machine. In this case, force measuring sensors are arranged on pimple mounts of a tamping unit in order to detect a course of a force acting on the tamping tool over a path covered by the tamping tool during a vibration cycle. Alternatively, on an outer surface of the respective

Stomppickels strain gauges be glued. Disadvantages here are the insufficient durability and the complicated and cost-intensive

Application.

Presentation of the invention

The invention is based on the object of specifying a tamping pick of the type mentioned at the beginning with which an improved tamping process is feasible. A further object of the invention is to provide a tamping machine for the improved implementation of a tamping process. In addition, a correspondingly improved method for operating the tamping machine is to be specified.

[05] According to the invention, these objects are achieved by the features of independent claims 1, 10 and 12. Dependent claims specify advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[06] In this case, a sensitive element of a sensor is arranged in a recess in the tine shaft and the tamping tine comprises a coupling element for transmitting a sensor signal. In this way, the tampon itself fulfills a sensor function for detecting an occurrence in the tampon

Measurand. The sensitive element is optimally arranged because the recess of the pimple shaft is adapted to the properties of the sensor. The desired measurands are with high

Accuracy can be measured, whereby the integration of the sensitive element in the pimple shaft prevents interference from disturbance variables. In addition, the arrangement protects the sensitive element from damage.

[07] In an advantageous development, the tamping pick comprises electronics for the sensor. In this way, for example, the sensor or the sensitive element can be calibrated before the tampon is shipped, with calibration data being able to be stored in the electronics. The electronics advantageously comprise a memory chip, the connection of which is led to the outside via a cable.

[08] A further improvement provides that the sensitive element is designed to record several measured variables occurring in the tampon.

For example, in addition to mechanical stress, the temperature of the tamping pick is recorded. In this way, the sensor is suitable for monitoring operating conditions during a tamping process in order to derive maintenance requirements from them.

For a simple exchange of a tampon it is advantageous if the coupling element is an element of a detachable plug connection. When changing tamping tines, the plug connection is released and the tamping tine through replaced a new tamping ax. The new tampon has the same plug connection in order to restore the plug connection.

[10] In order to ensure compatibility, the tamping tool sensibly comprises an electronic component for identifying the tamping tool. Conveniently, this is a so-called Trustet Platform Module, which prevents manipulation of the identification.

In an advantageous embodiment of the tampon, the sensitive element is an expansion element glued into the recess. In this way, forces and accelerations acting on the tamping tine can easily be recorded.

[12] Another improvement provides that the sensitive element is a

Optical fiber with a fiber Bragg grating is. Such a fiber Bragg grating can be used at predetermined points on the optical waveguide

Elongations, compressions and bends can be measured. Forces, accelerations and temperature changes can be derived from this.

It is advantageous if the optical fiber from the recess of the

Pimple shaft protrudes and that the protruding portion of the

Optical fiber is sheathed with a flexible protective sheath. In this way, the optical waveguide with the protective sheathing is guided to a point where the evaluation electronics are arranged.

[14] The recess is advantageously a longitudinal bore in one

Core area of the pimple shaft formed. Then that is sensitive

Sensor element optimally protected from damage without adversely affecting the strength of the ax shaft. If necessary, mechanical protection against kinking is arranged at an exit point.

[15] In the tamping machine according to the invention for tamping under a track, opposite tamping tools can be acted upon with vibration and can be provided to one another on a height-adjustable tool carrier

Evaluation device is coupled to the sensor of the respective tamping pick. This means that measured variables occurring in the tamping tines during a tamping process can be recorded in order to optimize the tamping process. It is advantageous if the evaluation device by means of a

Plug connection is connected to the respective sensor and when the respective plug connection is arranged in particular on the tool carrier. This simplifies the replacement of a tamping tool without the

To affect measurement acquisition.

The inventive method for operating the described

The tamping machine with the tamping tines described provides that during a tamping process a measured variable occurring in the respective tamping tine is detected by means of the assigned sensor and registered by the evaluation device. These are the ones recorded during a tamping process

Measured variables can be used to optimize subsequent tamping processes.

In addition, the tamping quality and the loads that occur

documentable.

[18] In an improved method, prior to a stuffing process for each

Sensor carried out a calibration process to determine calibration values. This recurring renewal of the calibration values ensures that each sensor works with the greatest possible accuracy at all times.

[19] Another improvement of the process provides that before a

Tamping process, a readout process is started for each tamping pick and that the tamping process is blocked if the electronic component for identifying the respective tamping pick is missing or incorrect. This prevents the tamping machine from being operated with the wrong tamping ax. The

Using the wrong tamping ax can result in a loss of quality when tamping or heavy wear. In addition, incorrect tamping tines cannot be used to record measured values according to the invention.

[20] In order to be able to query the current status of the tamping machine at any time, it is beneficial if a tamping pick can be changed using the

Evaluation device is registered. Corresponding status data can also be transferred to a cloud in order to monitor each change process

to log. Brief description of the drawings

[21] The invention is explained below in an exemplary manner with reference to the accompanying figures. It shows in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1 tamping machine

Fig. 2 tamping unit

Fig. 3 Tamping pick with longitudinal bore

Fig. 4 tampon with sensitive element and coupling element

Fig. 5 Tamping pick in a pick holder

Description of the embodiments

[22] The tamping machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be moved with rail bogies 2 on a track 3 to be tamped and comprises a tamping unit 4, a lifting / straightening unit 5 _; a measuring system 6 and a

Machine control 7. The track 3 is a ballast track, in which a track grid formed from sleepers 8 and rails 9 is mounted in a ballast bed 10. During a tamping process, the track grid is lifted into a target position by means of the lifting / straightening unit 5 and

possibly shifted sideways. The current position of the track grid is compared with the target position by means of the measuring system 6.

The target position is fixed by the tamping unit 2 with vibrating

Tamping pick 11 penetrates between the sleepers 8 into the ballast bed 10 and compacts ballast under the sleepers 8 with a positioning movement. The lifting / straightening assembly 5 and the tamping assembly 4 are controlled by means of the machine control 7 using the measuring system 6.

[24] Each tamping pick 11 is fastened in a pick holder 12 of a tamping tool 13. For this purpose, a pimple shaft 14 of the respective darning pick 11 has a holding section 15 at its upper end, which is inserted in the pick receptacle 12. For example, the holding section 15 is cylindrical and forms a fit with a cylindrical inner surface of the pick holder 12. The holding section 15 is firmly clamped in the pick receptacle 12 by means of screw connections. At its lower end, the pimple shaft 14 merges into a pimple plate 16. Opposite tamping tools 13 are tong-shaped on one

common tool carrier 17 stored. The tool carrier 17 is guided in a height-adjustable manner in an assembly frame 18. Upper ends of the tamping tools 13 are via respective auxiliary drives 19 with a

Vibration generator 20 connected. For example, the auxiliary drives 19 are mounted on a rotating eccentric shaft. In an alternative embodiment, the vibration generation is integrated in the respective auxiliary drive 19. In this case, cyclical vibration strokes are superimposed on a set stroke in a hydraulic cylinder.

[26] In order to monitor the quality of a tamping process and, if necessary, to influence it, at least one that occurs in a tamping pick 11 is used

Measured variable recorded. For this purpose, a sensitive element 22 of a sensor 23 is arranged in a recess 21 of the pick shaft 14. The measured variable is fed to an evaluation device 25 via a coupling element 24 connected to the sensitive element 22. In the variant shown in FIG. 2, the evaluation device 25 is connected to the respective sensor 23 by means of a plug connection 26. The evaluation device 25 is set up in the machine control 7, for example.

[27] The sensitive element 22 is advantageously an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating. The section with the fiber Bragg grating is glued into the recess 21 of the pimple shaft 14. In this way, expansions, compressions or bends in the pimple shaft 14 on the

Transfer fiber optics. At a recess opening 27 is the

Optical fiber guided out of the pimple shaft 14. A mechanical protection is expediently arranged here to prevent damage to the

Avoid fiber optics. In the example of FIG. 2, the forms

protruding section of the optical waveguide with the connection to a sensor electronics 28, the coupling element 24. This section is covered with a flexible protective sheath (e.g. armored hose).

The expansions, compressions and bends of the pimple shaft 14 detected by means of the fiber optic sensor 23 are subsequently evaluated.

For example, in the evaluation device 25, forces

Accelerations and temperature changes determined by calculation. Also by means of the sensor electronics 28, further measurement signals are obtained

Measured variables can be derived. The basis for this is a preceding calibration process.

The calibration of the sensor 23 takes place, for example, at the manufacturer's before delivery. The calibration data are stored in the sensor 23 or in a separate memory element. Conveniently, a memory chip 29 is glued into the tampon 11, the connection of which is led to the outside via a cable. In the case of an alternative wireless sensor 23, the memory chip data are read out by means of a reading device, which can be stationary or mobile. The data are transmitted to the machine control 7 via a radio interface.

[30] As an alternative or in addition to the initial calibration, each

Machine use an automatic calibration program. Calibration values are determined for each tamping pick. The updated values are stored in the memory chip 29.

[31] The tamping pick 11 expediently comprises a further electronic component 30 which enables the tamping pick 11 to be identified electronically. For example, a so-called Trustet Platform Module is implemented, which ensures a forgery-proof identification of the tamping pick 11.

The memory chip 29 and the electronic component 30 are advantageously integrated in the sensor electronics 28.

The machine control 7 is set up so that after

Commissioning of machine 1 and before executing a first

A readout process is started. If the respective electronic component 30 is missing or if the respective tamping pick 11 cannot be identified, the tamping process is blocked. This prevents a tamping process from being carried out with incorrect tamping tines. The readout process is also used to log a

Tamping pick exchange can be used.

[33] In FIG. 3, a longitudinal bore in a core area of the pick shaft 14 is shown as a recess 21. As a result, the pimple shaft 14 is not weakened because the geometrical moment of inertia of the shaft cross section is only slightly influenced. The longitudinal bore extends approximately as far as the pimple plate 16. Thus, counterforces of the acting on the pimple plate 16 are Ballast bed 10 with a fiber Bragg grating at the end of a glued-in optical waveguide can be detected directly. In a simpler variant, the recess 21 is designed as a groove along the tine shaft 14, the groove being sealed after the sensitive element 22 has been introduced.

In the area of the recess opening 27 is a depression for

Sensor electronics 28 are provided. They are glued in

Electronics housing also accommodates the memory chip 29 and the electronic component 30 and plug contacts 31 (FIG. 4). In this embodiment variant, the tamping pick 11 encompasses the entire sensor 23.

In the installed state of the tampon 11, the plug contacts 31 are connected to contacts of the pick holder 12 (FIG. 5). This plug connection 26 is arranged in a protected manner in the pick holder 12 and connects the sensor 23 to the evaluation device 25 attached to the tamping tool 13. A connection to the machine control 7 takes place via a cable or via a radio interface.

[36] The direct detection of mechanical forces, vibrations and

if necessary, the temperature in the tamping tines 11 enables ongoing condition monitoring. This concerns first of all the condition of the processed ballast bed 10. This can be adapted

Derive control parameters in order to adapt the tamping process to the respective ballast bed condition. This happens automatically in the

Machine control 7 based on all sensor data and leads to an optimized control of the unit drives.

[37] In addition to recording the condition of the ballast bed 10, the sensors 23 are used to log the individual tamping processes. It makes sense to specify ranges for individual measured variables in order to detect undesired deviations at an early stage. In this way, operating errors and progressive signs of wear can be identified (Condition

Monitoring). An evaluation of the log data enables a

Predictive maintenance of the wearing parts, in particular the tamping tine 11 (predictive maintenance).

Claims

1. tamping pick (11) for a tamping machine (1) for tamping under a track (3), with a pick shaft (14) which at its upper end has a holding portion (15) for fastening in a pick holder (12) and which is attached to its lower end merges into a pimple plate (16), characterized in that in a

A sensitive element (22) of a sensor (23) is arranged in the recess (21) of the tine shaft (14) and that the tamping tine (11) comprises a coupling element (24) for transmitting a sensor signal.

2. darning pick (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

The tamping pick (11) comprises electronics (28) of the sensor (23).

3. tamping ax (11) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensitive element (22) is designed to detect a plurality of measured variables occurring in the tamping ax (11).

4. Tamping pick (11) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling element (24) is an element of a releasable plug connection (26).

5. tamping pick (11) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tamping pick (11) comprises an electronic component (30), in particular a Trustet platform module for identifying the tamping pick (11).

6. Tamping pick (11) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sensitive element (22) is glued into the recess (21)

Expansion element is.

7. tampon (11) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sensitive element (22) is an optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating.

8. tamping pick (11) according to claim 7, characterized in that the

Optical waveguide protrudes from the recess (21) of the pick shaft (14) and that the protruding section of the optical fiber is covered with a flexible protective sheath.

9. tamping pick (11) according to one of claims 1 to 8, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that the recess (21) is designed as a longitudinal bore in a core area of the pick shaft (14).

10. tamping machine (1) for tamping under a track (3), wherein opposite tamping tools (13) can be acted upon by vibration and can be provided to one another on a height-adjustable tool carrier (17), d ad u rch

geken nzeich net that the respective tamping tool (13) comprises a pick holder (12) in which a tamping pick (11) according to one of claims 1 to 9 is attached and that an evaluation device (25) with the sensor (23) of the respective tamping pick (11) is coupled.

11. tamping machine (1) according to claim 10, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that the evaluation device (25) is connected to the respective sensor (23) by means of a plug connection (26) and that the respective plug connection (26) in particular on the tool carrier (17) is arranged.

12. The method for operating a tamping machine (1) according to claim 10 or 11 with tamping tines (11) according to one of claims 1 to 9, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that a tamping tick (11) occurs during a tamping process

Measured variable detected by means of the assigned sensor (23) and by means of

Evaluation device (25) is registered.

13. The method according to claim 12, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that a calibration process is carried out for each sensor (23) before a stuffing process

To determine calibration values.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that a readout process is started for each tamping pick (11) before a tamping process and that the tamping process is blocked if the electronic component (30) is missing or incorrect to identify the respective tamping pick (11).

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, d ad u rch geken nzeich net that a change of a tamping pick (11) is registered by means of the evaluation device (25).