EP3953216A1 - Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d'au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l'incorporant - Google Patents
Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d'au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l'incorporantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3953216A1 EP3953216A1 EP20725815.3A EP20725815A EP3953216A1 EP 3953216 A1 EP3953216 A1 EP 3953216A1 EP 20725815 A EP20725815 A EP 20725815A EP 3953216 A1 EP3953216 A1 EP 3953216A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resistive load
- relay
- electrical
- current
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
Definitions
- TITLE Electrical architecture of a motor vehicle comprising a distribution box for at least one switched power supply, method for its use, and motor vehicle incorporating it
- the present invention relates generally to the electrical architectures of motor vehicles, and more particularly to the distribution of switched electrical power supplies.
- It relates to such an electrical architecture of a motor vehicle comprising a distribution box for at least one switched electric power supply, a method for its use, and a motor vehicle incorporating it.
- power supply in the automotive field, is meant a source of electric current at a determined supply voltage, such as an accumulation battery or a DC / DC voltage converter.
- switching a power supply refers to making or interrupting one or more electrical connections between said power supply and one or more devices consuming electrical current.
- These devices can be present on board the vehicle, or be supplied with electric current via the vehicle, such as for example a diagnostic tool which can be connected to the vehicle via a diagnostic socket by being supplied from a power source of the vehicle. vehicle.
- Switched power supplies typically include the following power supplies:
- switched power supplies which are specific, for example to the computer power supply (such as the switched power supply for the engine control computer, or the power supply for multiplexed computers such as + CAN for vehicles of the PSA group Automobiles SA, etc.).
- Switched power supplies including + ACC and + APC, can be switched in different ways:
- switches controlled by the central computer of the vehicle, namely the BSI (placed for “Intelligent Servitudes Box”) also called VSM (placed for “Vehicle Supervisor Module” in English) or BCM (placed for "Body Control Module” in English) in common terminology.
- BSI placed for “Intelligent Servitudes Box”
- VSM placed for “Vehicle Supervisor Module” in English
- BCM placed for "Body Control Module” in English
- Switching by switches can be achieved, using:
- a push button start (“Start / Stop” button), generally used on vehicles equipped with a hands-free access and starting system.
- a push-start button which does not have a stable "On" position
- switches such as relays or transistors
- switches are generally used for other switched power supplies (such as for example the switched power supply for the engine control computer, or the power supply for multiplexed computers, for example the aforementioned + CAN etc.)
- controlled switches are generally used. , because the control of these switches does not correspond directly to the position of a control human-machine interface (HMI) such as the key for the steering lock, push buttons, controls, etc.
- HMI control human-machine interface
- switched power supplies in particular the + ACC and the + APC, supply several current consuming devices in the vehicle. In what follows, these devices are called more simply “current consumers” or even more simply “consumers”, by shortcut.
- Switched power supplies generally use a relay, or the like, associated with several downstream fuses, which have the function of protecting consumers in the event of an electrical fault such as a short circuit to ground, for example.
- switches and fuses are generally mounted in an electrical distribution box, also called a "relay fuse box” in the jargon of those skilled in the art.
- a box comprises at least one input coupled to the electrical power source, at least one output coupled to one or more consumers via an external electrical harness, as well as at least one power switch (generally a relay, but which could also be a power transistor or a thyristor) arranged in series between said input and said output of the box and controlled to switch the power supply according to the different operational configurations of the vehicle.
- Certain switched power supplies in particular the + APC, supply a variable number of consumers, depending on the level of range and the options of the vehicle. It follows that the switch can pass a current of varying intensity depending on the consumers present and activated.
- some consumers may have variable current consumption depending on the phase of life or the operating phase of the vehicle, this consumption may be zero when the function is not. used.
- the headlight height adjustment thumbwheel and motors only draw power when changing the site adjustment.
- the vehicle diagnostic socket only consumes when a diagnostic tool is connected to the socket, etc.
- the + APC relay is a removable relay mounted on the UDB (set for “Under hood Distribution Box”), which is a “relay fuse box” installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle.
- the relays are not compatible with too low currents.
- a minimum current of approximately 500 mA is necessary when opening the relay (ie when the power supply is cut off) in order to create an electric arc making it possible to avoid fouling of the contact point of the relay due to passive oxidation on the surface thereof.
- a possible solution to guarantee the minimum current would be the addition of a resistor on the output of the relay + APC, either directly in the UDB, or in the electrical harness between the output of the box and the consumer (s). .
- the invention proposes an alternative to the solutions known or envisaged in the foregoing, which makes it possible to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to an electrical architecture of a motor vehicle comprising:
- an electrical distribution box with at least one coupled power rail at an input of the housing for receiving the supply voltage and a ground rail coupled to the ground, at least one output, and at least one relay arranged in series between the power rail and the output of the housing and adapted to switch the supply voltage at the output terminal;
- the architecture further comprises a controllable resistive load electrically connected in parallel between the output of the electrical distribution box, on the one hand, and the positive power supply rail or the ground, on the other hand, said controllable resistive load comprising at the at least one switch in series with at least one resistor, said switch being adapted to be controlled by the computer according to a control law adapted to cause the switch to close for a vehicle speed below a first determined speed threshold, allowing d '' ensure a current consumption in the relay under the supply voltage which is greater than a determined current threshold, on the one hand, and to cause the switch to open for a vehicle speed greater than a second speed threshold determined, higher than said first speed threshold, on the other hand.
- the opening of the relay can in principle only occur when the vehicle is stationary and the user acts on the Neiman TM or on the “Start / Stop” button to cut off the vehicle's electrical supply (ie to switch the + APC supply so that it is no longer delivered to current consumers), of embodiments of the invention makes it possible to ensure a minimum current in the relay + APC at least at the time of its opening.
- This minimum current which is for example at least 500 mA and which is determined in particular by the choice of the value of the resistance in series with the switch), has the effect of producing a cleaning of the relay contact by the arc electric generated.
- the result obtained is a better longevity of the relay, in particular on entry-level vehicles not necessarily having sufficient minimum consumption on the + APC relay.
- the control of the controlled resistive load is non-permanent. For example, it only takes place in situations where the vehicle is stopped (ie, when the vehicle speed is zero or almost zero), in which only an interruption of the power supply + APC by the driver is likely to occur. produce.
- This makes it possible to limit the power dissipated in the controlled load, and the heating induced in the relay fuse box when this load is integrated in said relay fuse box. More particularly, this makes it possible to minimize the average power dissipated during the period of travel in order to avoid excessive heating of the UDB which is located in the engine compartment with a very high ambient temperature (up to 1 10 ° C). and which already has a dissipation of several tens of watts.
- the fact that the second vehicle speed threshold is greater than the first vehicle speed threshold creates a hysteresis which prevents switching too close to the switch of the controlled load, and therefore instability of the system.
- the value of the resistance of the controlled load is such that, taking into account also the value of the switched supply voltage which is concerned, the control of the controlled resistive load makes it possible to ensure minimum consumption. of 500 mA on the relay when the said relay opens. This value ensures self-cleaning of the relay contact point, by the electric arc produced when the relay opens.
- the proposed solution consists in adding on vehicles which do not have sufficient consumption on a relay, and preferably only on these, a controllable resistive load ensuring a consumption of for example at least 500 mA, connected to the output of said relay and controlled by a computer according to a control law making it possible both to ensure the minimum consumption when the relay opens and to minimize the average power dissipated while the vehicle is in motion.
- controllable resistive load can be arranged in a removable relay box, for example a box having an “Ultra-micro”, “Micro”, “Mini” or “Power” relay type format, which is suitable for being mounted in the electrical distribution box; this makes it possible to limit the installation and assembly problems, to be able to easily decline the presence of the resistive load in order to avoid mounting it on vehicles which do not need it, while avoiding creating diversity on the “Naked” UDB, ie the UDB not yet equipped with its relay boxes; also, this makes it possible not to modify the technical definition (plastic case, connectors and printed circuit) of the UDB;
- the controllable resistive load can be arranged outside the electrical distribution box, for example in the electrical harness;
- the electrical architecture can also include a temperature sensor designed to sense the temperature at the level of the controllable resistive load, and the computer can be adapted to implement a thermal protection function in order to inhibit the switch closing command when the temperature at the level of the controllable resistive load is greater than a determined threshold; this protects the controllable resistive load and the UDB in the event of overheating (for example if the activation of said load could take place at a time when the environment is at the maximum tolerable temperature); this also makes it possible to dimension the resistive load and its cooling system as necessary;
- the computer can be adapted to implement a diagnostic function associated with the controllable resistive load; this makes it possible to check that the controllable resistive load is indeed present;
- the electrical architecture can further include a current sensor in series with the relay of the electrical distribution box and adapted to produce information relating to the current actually flowing in said relay, and the strategy for controlling the controlled resistive load can be function of said information;
- control of the switch of the controllable resistive load can be controlled by a periodic signal modulated in pulse width
- the computer can be adapted to compare the value of the switched supply voltage with a determined threshold, for example 16 V, and to force the deactivation of the controllable resistive load in the event that said threshold is exceeded; this makes it possible to limit the power sizing of the resistive load and the thermal impact on the UDB by ensuring load shedding during exceptional voltages (18 V or 24 V, for example).
- a determined threshold for example 16 V
- exceptional voltages 18 V or 24 V, for example.
- the invention also relates to a method of using an architecture according to the first aspect above, in which the controllable resistive load is activated and is adapted to ensure the circulation of a minimum electric current in the. relay, for example a current equal to approximately 500 mA, when the speed of the vehicle is less than or equal to a first speed threshold, for example equal to approximately 0 km / h, and in which the controllable resistive load is deactivated when the speed of the vehicle is greater than a second speed threshold, strictly greater than the first speed threshold, and for example equal to approximately 5 km / h.
- a minimum electric current in the. relay for example a current equal to approximately 500 mA
- a first speed threshold for example equal to approximately 0 km / h
- a second speed threshold strictly greater than the first speed threshold
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising an electrical architecture according to the first aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of an example of an electrical architecture according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the invention applied to the electrical architecture of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the invention applied to the electrical architecture of Figure 1;
- FIG. 4a is a diagram illustrating a first connection mode, or “low side” connection mode of the controllable load of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating a second connection mode, or “high side” connection mode of the controllable load of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2;
- FIG. 5 is a set of two chronograms jointly illustrating the use of the electrical architecture according to embodiments.
- the invention is in the field of the electrical distribution of land vehicles with thermal engines (gasoline, diesel, LPG, CNG, Ethanol, etc.), or of electric, hybrid, plug-in hybrid vehicles, or even battery powered vehicles. fuel, with an on-board network of 6 Volts (V), 12 V, 24 V or 48 V.
- thermal engines gasoline, diesel, LPG, CNG, Ethanol, etc.
- electric, hybrid, plug-in hybrid vehicles or even battery powered vehicles.
- fuel with an on-board network of 6 Volts (V), 12 V, 24 V or 48 V.
- the conventional electrical architecture of a motor vehicle comprises an electric ground and at least one DC voltage source 100 delivering a supply voltage, which is a positive DC voltage with respect to the mass.
- this voltage is + PERM (+ permanent), which has a nominal value equal to 12 V.
- the direct voltage source 100 is for example an accumulation battery.
- the battery 100 is recharged by a generator such as an alternator or an alternator-starter 110, which comprises for this purpose a current rectifier and an ad-hoc voltage regulator.
- the value of the voltage + PERM may increase, to approximately 14 V.
- the on-board network must withstand the application of a voltage d '' power supply equal to 24 V during tests, in particular to guarantee the robustness of the electrical architecture to improper handling by an operator who accidentally connects a truck battery, whose nominal voltage is equal to 24 V, to the instead of the intended vehicle battery, the nominal voltage of which is equal to 12 V.
- the generator 100 can be, for example, a DC-DC converter which generates the supply voltage + PERM at from the voltage of an electric vehicle battery whose nominal value is greater than 12 V, for example equal to 48 V, and which is also used to supply the electric motor (s) of the electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the electrical architecture of the vehicle also comprises one or more current consuming devices, such as an electric motor 21 (for example a window motor, a wiper motor, a servo motor of an actuator for adjusting the speed). site of projectors, etc.), a lamp 23 (as a front headlight, a front or rear position light, an indicator, or a passenger compartment light bulb, etc.), and / or any electrical equipment 21 with a resistive component which is liable to consume electric current when 'it is activated.
- an electric motor 21 for example a window motor, a wiper motor, a servo motor of an actuator for adjusting the speed.
- site of projectors, etc. site of projectors, etc.
- a lamp 23 as a front headlight, a front or rear position light, an indicator, or a passenger compartment light bulb, etc.
- any electrical equipment 21 with a resistive component which is liable to consume electric current when 'it is activated.
- the electrical architecture of the vehicle also comprises an electrical distribution box 10 with at least one positive power supply rail 18 coupled to an input 15 of the box to receive the supply voltage + PERM delivered by the generator 100 and a control rail. mass 19 coupled to the mass of the vehicle.
- the housing 10 also includes one or more output terminals such as terminals 1 1, 12 and 13.
- the relay R1 is suitable for switching the supply voltage + PERM, in order to generate the voltage + APC (+ after contact) which is then delivered to the output terminals 1 1, 12 and 13.
- the voltage + APC downstream of relay R1 corresponds to the permanent supply voltage + PERM when relay R1 is closed, and is indeterminate when relay R1 is open (high impedance state of the relay output).
- the architecture also comprises an electrical harness 20, comprising a number N of electrical wires, where N is an integer, each arranged between an output terminal of the electrical distribution box and a determined current consuming device, in order to supply electric power. said device with the supply voltage + APC when it is switched by the relay R1.
- N is an integer
- consumers 21, 22 and 23 are supplied by the voltage switched + APC, and are protected against overvoltages and possible short circuits by fuses F1, F2 and F3, respectively.
- the output terminals 1 1, 12 and 13 of the relay fuse box 10 are adapted to deliver the supply voltage + APC to one or more current consuming devices of the vehicle 21, 22 and 23, respectively, through the relay R1 and through respective fuses F1, F2 and F3, respectively for supplying said current consuming devices.
- the electrical architecture of the vehicle also includes one or more computers such as computer 30 of the example shown in FIG. 2.
- computer 30 is the passenger compartment central computer or VSM (standing for “Vehicle Supervisor”). Module ”), also called BSI (“ Intelligent Servitudes Box ”) at PSA Automobiles SA, or BCM (standing for“ Body Control Module ”) at other automobile manufacturers.
- VSM passenger compartment central computer
- Module also called BSI (“ Intelligent Servitudes Box ”) at PSA Automobiles SA, or BCM (standing for“ Body Control Module ”) at other automobile manufacturers.
- the computer 30 is permanently supplied by the permanent supply voltage + PERM (.
- the computer is connected for example to the supply rail 18 of the electrical distribution box 10, upstream of the relay R1 (the term “upstream” here again being considered in relation to the direction of current flow from source 100 to ground). This connection is however made through a fuse F0 of unit 10, in order to protect the computer against overvoltages and possible overcurrents.
- the architecture finally has a Human-Machine Interface 40, which can include the “Neiman TM” or the “Start / Stop” button of the motor vehicle, or any similar device by which the user can trigger switching the + APC.
- a Human-Machine Interface 40 can include the “Neiman TM” or the “Start / Stop” button of the motor vehicle, or any similar device by which the user can trigger switching the + APC.
- the user of the vehicle triggers the emission by I ⁇ HM 40 of an IGNIT signal, for example a binary signal active in the high state (binary state "1"), which is interpreted by the computer 30 as a control signal to allow power to consumers electrical 21, 22 and 23 with the voltage + APC.
- the computer 30 in response to the IGNIT signal, the computer 30 generates a CTRL_ + APC signal which is applied to the control terminal of the relay R1 of the box 10, in order to cause the closing of the relay R1 and therefore the switching of the voltage. + APC which is then delivered to outputs 1 1, 12 and 13 of box 10.
- a solution lies in the addition of a resistive load to force the flow of a minimum current in the relay R1.
- This load must be sized to ensure a minimum current of, for example, 500 mA in the relay R1 of figure 1.
- a “simple” resistive load (that is to say not switched) which would be for example directly connected to the bundle 20 could certainly meet the need to have a minimum current in the relay + APC, but it would also have a significant impact on the cost of the beam and would increase electricity consumption and C02 emissions.
- Such a "simple” load would also have a significant impact on heat dissipation, which is prohibitive in the case of direct integration on the UDB printed circuit.
- the resistive load is driven, that is, it is not permanent. This makes it possible to limit the power dissipated and the heating induced on the relay fuse box as well as the associated electrical consumption and C02 emissions.
- the proposed electrical architecture comprises a controllable resistive load 60.
- This load 60 is electrically connected in parallel between one of the output terminals of the control unit. electrical distribution, on the one hand, and the positive supply rail 18 or ground, on the other hand. It comprises at least one switch 62 in series with at least one resistor 61.
- the controllable resistive load 60 comprises one or more resistors 61 adapted to ensure minimum electrical consumption in the relay R1. This minimum electric current is for example 500 mA under the nominal supply voltage of the network, which is typically equal to 12 V in the case of a motor vehicle, 24 V in the case of a heavy vehicle type vehicle, or vice versa 6 V in the case of a motorcycle.
- the controllable resistive load 60 further comprises a switch 62, for example a bipolar transistor or a MOSFET transistor, arranged in series with the resistance or resistors. Depending on whether it is closed or open, this switch is used to connect or disconnect, respectively, the resistor (s) 61 from the supply voltage between the + APC and ground.
- a switch 62 for example a bipolar transistor or a MOSFET transistor, arranged in series with the resistance or resistors. Depending on whether it is closed or open, this switch is used to connect or disconnect, respectively, the resistor (s) 61 from the supply voltage between the + APC and ground.
- the switch 62 of the controllable resistive load 60 is controlled by a vehicle computer, for example the central passenger compartment computer VSM (“Vehicle Supervisor Module”) or BSI (“Intelligent Servitudes Box”) at PSA Automobiles SA, generally called BCM ("Body Control Module”) from other car manufacturers.
- VSM Vehicle Supervisor Module
- BCM Body Control Module
- the control law ensuring the control of the controllable resistive load can be coded in the application software of the VSM.
- the switch 62 is activated by a signal SW_CTRL which is delivered, in the example shown, by the computer 30.
- the load control control law 60 can advantageously be coded in the application software of the VSM computer.
- the SW_CTRL signal can be an "All-Or-Nothing" signal (or discrete signal), of the "Low-Side” type (control active at ground) or of the "High-Side” type (control active at voltage d. (positive power supply), according to the type of the switch 62, that is to say according to whether the switch 62 is of the “Low-Side” type or of the “High-Side” type, respectively.
- the signal SW_CTRL can be a multiplexed signal, for example according to the multiplexed network protocol such as LIN (“Local Interconnect Network”).
- LIN is a network protocol multiplexed used in the automotive industry in addition to the CAN bus, compared to which LIN is easier to use and less expensive in resources.
- the control of the controlled resistive load has the function of ensuring a minimum consumption, for example of 500 mA, on the + PERM when the relay R1 opens. This is obtained, in particular, by an appropriate choice of the value of the resistance of the controllable resistive load. This choice depends in particular on the level of equipment of the vehicle. The higher this level, the more electrical current consumers there are in principle installed on board the vehicle (in particular for comfort equipment such as air conditioning, heated electric seats, etc.) which, on average, draw current from the vehicle. 'power supply + PERM through relay R1.
- an implementation difficulty is that of knowing the moment when the + APC will be, or simply is likely to be deactivated. .
- This deactivation is caused by the opening of relay R1, which is controlled by the return to zero of the IGNIT signal and by the corresponding deactivation of the control signal of the CTRL_ + APC relay.
- deactivation of the + APC occurs when the driver switches off the vehicle's ignition, and this action is not predictable with certainty.
- the proposal consists in controlling the controlled resistive load only when the speed of the vehicle is zero, or very close to 0, it being observed that the driver is liable to switch off the ignition only under these conditions.
- the SPEEDO information relating to the speed of the vehicle can be supplied to the computer 30 by a sensor 50 as represented symbolically in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the SPEEDO information can be transmitted to the computer 30 by the ABS / ESP computer. of the vehicle (not shown, in which said information is available) via a multiplexed network such as the CAN bus for example.
- controllable resistive load 60 can be integrated into a box in the format of a removable relay "ISO" type Ultra Micro, Micro, Mini or Power.
- This controllable resistive load box 60 can be mounted in the relay fuse box 10, as shown in the figure.
- the controllable resistive load box 60 has at least three connection pins for, respectively:
- connection to the switched supply voltage + APC preferably takes place downstream of one of the fuses F1, F2 and F3 (considering the direction of the current from the voltage source 100 up to current consumers 21, 22 and 23), so that the controlled resistive load benefits from the protection by this fuse (s).
- connection of the controllable resistive load box 60 is made at the level of the electrical harness 20, outside the relay fuse box 30 (UDB), from an output 14 of said relay fuse box 30
- UDB relay fuse box 30
- This embodiment has the advantage of not requiring any modification of the printed circuit of the UDB 10: no mechanical modification, nor of the routing of the printed circuit of the UDB, in particular because the assembly of the component "controllable resistive load” removable on a spare relay location of the UDB and without impact on the routing of the printed circuit.
- the box of the controllable resistive load 60 may have complementary pins, not electrically connected, which make it possible to improve its mechanical strength on the printed circuit of the relay fuse box, and which contribute to better heat dissipation. by conduction of heat via these additional pins.
- controllable resistive load 60 can be arranged outside the electrical distribution box 10, for example in the electrical harness 20.
- controllable resistive load 60 corresponding to two respective types of assembly of the switch 62.
- the controllable resistive load is connected between the switched supply voltage + APC and ground.
- the assembly of the switch 62 is of the “Low-Side” type, that is to say that the switch 62 can be placed between resistance 61 and ground.
- the switch 62 is a bipolar transistor, it is in this case an NPN type transistor. If it is a MOSFET transistor, it is an NMOS type transistor.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the SW_CTRL control signal can be a signal referenced to ground, which is easier to generate.
- the switch is a PMOS transistor, which as a MOSFET transistor is voltage controlled, the signal SW_CTRL can directly drive its control gate.
- the current control of such a transistor requires a voltage bias which requires an adaptation stage (pilot stage, or "driver"), but its realization is simplified because the voltage at apply on the base of the transistor is referenced with respect to ground.
- the assembly of the switch 62 is of the “High-Side” type, that is to say that it is arranged between the switched supply voltage + APC and the resistor 61.
- the switch 62 is a bipolar transistor, it is in this case a PNP type transistor. If it is a MOSFET transistor, it is a PMOS type transistor. These two types of transistors are controlled by a signal referenced with respect to the switched supply voltage + APC.
- This assembly may be preferred to the assembly of FIG. 4a, for example when an available output of the computer 10 which is of the “High-Side” type is used for the control signal SW_CTRL. In this case, in fact, the referencing of the control signal SW_CTRL as it is generated by the computer 30 is more suitable for driving the transistor which implements the switch 62 of the controllable resistive load 60.
- the electrical architecture of the vehicle may include a temperature sensor arranged to sense the temperature at the level of the controllable resistive load. It may, for example, be a bimetallic type device, in series with the resistance (s) of the controllable resistive load. It can also be a CTN type component (put for "negative temperature coefficient") or PTC (put for "positive temperature coefficient”) associated with a device for measuring its impedance. This measurement can be implemented in the computer 30.
- a temperature sensor arranged to sense the temperature at the level of the controllable resistive load. It may, for example, be a bimetallic type device, in series with the resistance (s) of the controllable resistive load. It can also be a CTN type component (put for "negative temperature coefficient") or PTC (put for "positive temperature coefficient”) associated with a device for measuring its impedance. This measurement can be implemented in the computer 30.
- the computer 30, which implements the strategy for controlling the controllable resistive load 60 can then advantageously be adapted to implement a thermal protection function in order to inhibit the closing command of the switch 62 when the temperature at the level of the controllable resistive load 60 is greater than a determined threshold. If this is the case, then the signal SW_CTRL is forced to the logic low state, ie the controllable resistive load is deactivated.
- This thermal protection strategy makes it possible to disconnect the resistance (s) 61 in the event of overheating being detected. This protects all the components of the architecture and in particular the UDB.
- the computer 30 can be adapted to implement a diagnostic function associated with the controllable resistive load 60.
- the output stage of the computer ensuring the control of the controllable resistive load can be associated with a voltage and / or current measurement making it possible to detect a disconnection of the box comprising the controllable resistive load 60. This disconnection is taken into account. account by the computer and can be signaled by any appropriate procedure as part of the vehicle's diagnostic operations.
- thermal protection is activated (for the embodiments in which the thermal protection function described above is implemented);
- a current sensor can be added in series with the relay R1 (relay + APC) in order to measure the current actually flowing in this relay.
- the controlled resistive load 60 can comprise a plurality of resistors arranged in parallel, having identical values or not, and each arranged in series with a respective switch, each switch being individually controlled by the computer.
- the control signal SW_CTRL can then be a multi-bit signal (carried by a bundle of wires respectively associated with each switch), each bit controlling a respective switch. Depending on this signal, all or part of the switches are closed, causing all or part of the resistors to be placed in parallel, and therefore the flow of additional current, the greater the greater the number of resistors thus activated.
- Such a control strategy based on the real current in the relay + APC not only makes it possible to activate the controlled resistive load only when this current is really below the defined threshold (for example 500 mA) and that the conductor is likely to cut contact, but also only to the extent necessary to supplement the current already existing in the relay by an additional current making it possible to reach the minimum current threshold of 500 mA considered in this example.
- the defined threshold for example 500 mA
- control of the switch 62 of the controllable resistive load 60 can be controlled by a signal periodic modulated in pulse width, or signal in PWM (English “Pulse-width modulation”).
- Such a control of the resistive load 60 driven by a PWM signal allows: to regulate the rms current to 500 mA according to the voltage of the on-board network, or,
- Another embodiment aims to ensure that, in the event of a supply voltage + APC which would be too high, above 16 V for example, the controlled resistive load 60 is deactivated.
- the electrical architecture of a vehicle may be voluntarily subjected to such exceptional voltages (such as 18 V, or 24 V) during validation tests, in order to verify that the architecture withstands, for example, connection by error of a truck battery with a nominal voltage equal to 24 V instead of a car battery with a nominal voltage equal to 12 V.
- exceptional voltages such as 18 V, or 24 V
- the deactivation of the controllable resistive load in the event of exceeding a determined voltage threshold allows to optimize the power sizing of said load. Indeed, if it were to be able to withstand the application of a voltage of 24 V instead of the + APC of nominal value equal to 12 V, for example, it would have to be carried out by a component worth more expensive, and which would also be larger.
- circulating a current of 500 mA in the controlled load at a voltage greater than 16 V causes energy dissipation and therefore heating which can prevent compliance with the safety specifications to which the architecture is subject. .
- the + APC voltage is supplied to the computer 30 via the relay fuse box 10 and its dedicated fuse F0.
- the computer is therefore able to compare the value of this voltage with a threshold, namely 16 V in the example considered here, which is greater than the values that the + APC can take under normal operating conditions of the vehicle. If so, then the SW_CTRL signal is forced to the logic low state by the computer 30, ie the controllable resistive load is deactivated. It is also said that it is relieved. More particularly, the computer forces the deactivation of the controllable resistive load 60 by imposing the signal SW_CTRL on the low logic being as long as the + APC is greater than the threshold of 16 V considered.
- the voltage threshold taken into account is greater than the values that the + APC can normally take, in particular when the alternator 1 10 recharges the battery 100.
- the + APC voltage may slightly exceed 12 V and reach for example 13, 8 V approximately, which is therefore not considered an exceptional value. Only a value greater than 16 V is considered an exceptional value in the example.
- the load shedding of the controllable resistive load when exceptional voltages (18 V or 24 V, for example) are applied to input 15 of the relay fuse box 10 (UDB) makes it possible to limit the power sizing of the resistive load and thermal impact on the LIDB.
- exceptional voltages 18 V or 24 V, for example
- the power dissipated can be reduced to 10.67 W instead of 24 W for an exceptional voltage withstand of 24 V.
- the power sizing is thus divided by more of 2 (reduction of more than 50%).
- the controlled load In order to avoid piloting instability, it is also preferable to have a hysteresis for the activation of the load piloting according to the value of the supply voltage.
- these values, as well as the difference between these values are only non-limiting examples.
- FIG. 5 presents two chronograms (A) and (B) which show the evolution, as a function of time t and for the same portion of time, of the signal CTRL_ + APC for switching the power supply + APC and the signal Controllable resistive load control SW_CTRL (in solid lines), respectively.
- Each chronogram also shows the evolution, as a function of time t and for the same portion of time, of the SPEEDO signal representative of the speed of the vehicle (in dotted lines).
- the signal SW_CTRL is a “low-side” signal, in “All-or-Nothing” (TOR), and not modulated in pulse width.
- the CTRL_ + APC signal is also a “low-side” and “all-or-nothing” (TOR) type signal.
- the computer 10 activates the CTRL_ + APC signal, which changes from the low logic state to the high logic state as shown by the timing diagram (A).
- the computer 10 also activates the signal SW_CTRL, as it can be seen on the timing diagram (B), in order to activate the controllable load 60. Indeed, it is possible that the user, in particular if it has acted in error, quickly switch off the vehicle's ignition without even starting the vehicle and picking up speed. Activation of the SW_CTRL signal guarantees that, in this case, a current of at least 500 mA will flow in the + APC relay (relay R1 in figures 2 and 3) at the time of this cutoff.
- the SPEEDO signal drops below a speed threshold Vth1, which makes it possible, if not probable, for the user to switch off the ignition.
- the threshold Vth1 is equal to 0 km / h, which means, in fact, that the vehicle is stopped (i.e., it is no longer moving) at time t3.
- the signal SW_CTRL is reset to the high logic state by the computer 30, in order to activate the controllable load 60.
- the user does not switch off the ignition, and on the contrary the vehicle picks up speed so that, at the instant t4, the signal SPEEDO goes back above the threshold Vth2.
- the signal SPEEDO drops back below the speed threshold Vth1.
- the signal SW_CTRL is reset to the high logic state by the computer 30, in order to activate the controllable load 60.
- the proposal consists in controlling the controlled resistive load only when the speed of the vehicle is zero, or very close to 0, it being observed that the driver is likely to cut the contact only under these conditions.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1903767A FR3094935B1 (fr) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d’au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l’incorporant |
PCT/FR2020/050425 WO2020208322A1 (fr) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-04 | Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d'au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l'incorporant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3953216A1 true EP3953216A1 (fr) | 2022-02-16 |
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ID=67810782
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20725815.3A Withdrawn EP3953216A1 (fr) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-03-04 | Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d'au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l'incorporant |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11299114B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3953216A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113727888A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3094935B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020208322A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11325562B1 (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-05-10 | Geotab Inc. | Wire management module for a vehicle |
CN116626390B (zh) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-10-20 | 季华实验室 | 电阻阻值检测方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2582879A1 (fr) * | 1985-06-04 | 1986-12-05 | Telemecanique Electrique | Appareil ou circuit interrupteur statique pour l'alimentation protegee d'une charge et de sa ligne |
DE4210797B4 (de) * | 1992-04-01 | 2006-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Überwachung einer Leitung für ein impulsförmiges Signal |
GB9612932D0 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1996-08-21 | Glorywin Int Group Ltd | Battery controller |
ATE440401T1 (de) * | 1998-02-06 | 2009-09-15 | Tyco Electronics Corp | Elektrische schutzsysteme |
US6055902A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-05-02 | J. V. Manufacturing, Inc. | Compaction apparatus with electrical ram motion control responsive to motor current |
JP3624831B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-28 | 2005-03-02 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用電源装置及びエンジン駆動規制支援装置 |
DE102007003424B4 (de) * | 2007-01-23 | 2012-10-31 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Vorrichtung, System und Verfahren zur Verringerung eines Ruhestromverbrauches eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
JP5488529B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-17 | 2014-05-14 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両の電源制御装置 |
GB2537197B (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-05-10 | Ford Global Tech Llc | A vehicle electrical system |
MX2018011507A (es) * | 2016-03-22 | 2019-01-10 | Nissan Motor | Sistema de suministro de energia y metodo para controlar el mismo. |
JP6623937B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-12-25 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | リレー装置及び電源装置 |
US10017071B2 (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-07-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and system for diagnosing contactor health in a high-voltage electrical system |
DE102018103391A1 (de) * | 2018-02-15 | 2019-08-22 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Kompensationsfilter und Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme eines Kompensationsfilters |
JP6713014B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-06-24 | 住友電装株式会社 | リレー回路及び電気接続箱 |
JP7243550B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2023-03-22 | 住友電装株式会社 | 電気接続箱 |
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 FR FR1903767A patent/FR3094935B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-04 EP EP20725815.3A patent/EP3953216A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-03-04 CN CN202080027590.0A patent/CN113727888A/zh active Pending
- 2020-03-04 WO PCT/FR2020/050425 patent/WO2020208322A1/fr unknown
- 2020-03-04 US US17/439,217 patent/US11299114B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3094935A1 (fr) | 2020-10-16 |
CN113727888A (zh) | 2021-11-30 |
US20220089109A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
US11299114B1 (en) | 2022-04-12 |
WO2020208322A1 (fr) | 2020-10-15 |
FR3094935B1 (fr) | 2021-03-05 |
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