Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
  • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
  • E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
  • E04G17/14—Bracing or strutting arrangements for formwalls; Devices for aligning forms
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
  • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
  • E04G9/06—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
  • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
  • E04G9/08—Forming boards or similar elements, which are collapsible, foldable, or able to be rolled up
  • E04G9/083—Forming boards or similar elements, which are collapsible, foldable, or able to be rolled up which are foldable
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
  • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
  • E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ

Definitions

• the invention relates to a formwork element and a method of constructing a concrete structure in a cavity.
• a conventional poured concrete structure intended to contain a liquid, and in particular a swimming pool comprises on the one hand a raft (which forms the bottom of the structure) and generally vertical walls. Given its intended purpose, such a structure must be perfectly sealed.
• the invention aims to overcome this drawback.
• the invention relates to a formwork element.
• the invention also relates to a method of constructing a concrete structure in a cavity.
• the invention provides a formwork element for the construction of a vertical wall of a concrete structure intended to contain a liquid.
• the formwork element has internal faces and external faces which are respectively oriented inward and outwardly of the formwork element. [0011]
• the formwork element comprises:
• the formwork element comprises at its lower end, a lower opening made in one of the external faces, called the first face. external, and through which the concrete can bleed when the shuttering element is installed in a vertical position.
• the formwork element may have one or more additional characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to the possible technical combinations.
• the lower opening extends over the entire width of the first outer face.
• the spacers are articulated between a folded transport position in which the internal faces are pressed against each other and a deployed position of use in which the internal faces are parallel between them and at a distance from each other.
• the internal faces each comprise a plurality of stiffeners, in which the plurality of spacers fits.
• the formwork element further comprises
• a third panel in perforated metal sheet which is folded at least in two parts, called first part and second part, the first part and the second part each comprising an inner face and an outer face.
• the third panel is fixed on the second outer face so that the outer faces of the first part and of the second part are oriented towards the outside of the formwork element and so as to:
• the upper opening extends over all or part of the width of the second outer face.
• the formwork element further comprises a plurality of horizontal stiffeners fixed on the upper edge of the second outer face and on at least one side of the second part.
• the invention also provides a method of constructing a concrete structure in a cavity, the structure being intended to contain a liquid.
• the method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
• the method further comprises the following step, when the first external faces of the plurality of formwork elements are made of fiber cement:
• the method further comprises the following step:
• the first liquid membrane and the second liquid membrane are applied in crossed layers.
• the first liquid sealing membrane is different from the second liquid sealing membrane.
• a finishing coating is applied to the first waterproof shell or to the second waterproof shell.
• Figure 1 shows a formwork element according to the invention, in installation position on a seating surface of a cavity.
• Figure 2 shows the third shuttering panel of the shuttering element of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 shows a side view of the third shuttering panel in figure 2.
• Figure 4 shows the shuttering panel of Figure 2 when installed on the formwork element of Figure 1.
• Figure 5 shows the arrangement of Figure 4 with the attachment of stiffeners on the upper edge of the formwork element.
• Figure 6 shows the arrangement of Figure 4 with the attachment of stiffeners on the third shuttering panel of Figure 2.
• Figure 7 shows a method of constructing a concrete structure in a cavity.
• Figure 8 shows a conventional arrangement of a coping on a wall of a liquid retention basin.
• Figure 9 shows a conventional arrangement of a coping on a wall of a liquid retention basin obtained according to an implementation of the invention.
• the formwork element according to the invention is intended for the construction of a vertical wall of a concrete structure intended to contain a liquid.
• the structure is a swimming pool and the liquid is water.
• the invention also covers any liquid holding basin and any liquid suitable for being contained in the liquid holding basin.
• the terms “upper”, “lower”, “top” and “bottom” refer to the arrangement of the formwork element in the figures, which generally corresponds to its arrangement. installation on a seating surface of a cavity.
• the term “seating surface” is understood to mean the bottom of the cavity, which is generally flat and horizontal.
• the formwork element is designed to be installed in a vertical position.
• it has internal faces and external faces which are respectively oriented towards the inside and the outside of the formwork element.
• the formwork element is configured to allow concrete pouring into its interior from its upper part.
• the formwork element 100 comprises a first shuttering panel 110, a second shuttering panel 120 and a plurality of spacers 130.
• the first shuttering panel 110 is made of perforated metal sheet.
• the first shuttering panel 110 is of the same type as those marketed under the brand Expanded Metal, namely, a perforated sheet by multiple incisions, staggered, of a sheet of metal, then by extension in order to open these incisions.
• the shuttering panel 110 may have openings less than or equal to 16 mm by 7 mm for a thickness greater than or equal to 1 mm, or have openings less than or equal to 28 mm by 9 mm for a thickness greater than or equal to 1.5 mm.
• the invention also covers other dimensions without requiring modifications to the principles of the invention.
• the first shuttering panel 110 has an internal face and an external face which are respectively oriented towards the inside and the outside of the formwork element 100.
• the internal face and the external face of the first shuttering panel 110 correspond respectively to one of the internal and external faces of the shuttering element 100.
• the first shuttering panel 110 is made of galvanized steel to protect the steel against oxidation.
• the first shuttering panel 110 thus configured allows the concrete to spread and to sweat slightly through the openings so as to limit the thrust forces undergone by the second shuttering panel 120.
• the second shuttering panel 120 is made of fiber cement, namely, a prefabricated material consisting of very fine fibers agglomerated by a cement binder.
• This material is advantageous because it is water resistant and unalterable by moisture and laitance provided by the concrete poured during the construction of the structure, nor subsequently by the liquid contained in the structure. Moreover, with the construction process that will be described below, it will be shown that this material does not need to be covered with a finishing coating, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tarpaulins known as “liners”. in English, to make the structure watertight.
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• the second shuttering panel 120 is of the same type as those marketed under the brand Fibrociment and has a thickness of approximately 1 cm.
• the invention also covers other types of products and other dimensions without requiring any modification of the principles of the invention.
• the second shuttering panel 120 has an internal face and an external face which are respectively oriented towards the inside and the outside of the formwork element 100.
• the internal face and the external face of the second formwork panel 120 correspond respectively to one of the internal and external faces of the formwork element 100.
• the external face of the second shuttering panel 120 is solid, flat and smooth, which is not necessarily the case for the internal face of the second shuttering panel 120.
• spacers 130 are fixed to the internal faces of the formwork element 100 to hold the first panel shuttering 110 and the second shuttering panel 120 parallel to each other and at a distance from each other.
• the spacers 130 have a thickness of at least
• the spacers 130 are articulated between a folded transport position in which the internal faces of the formwork element 100 are pressed against each other and an extended position of use in in which the internal faces of the formwork element 100 are mutually parallel and at a distance from one another.
• the spacers 130 include anchor heads for fitting into stiffeners 103.
• the internal faces of the formwork element 100 each comprise a plurality of stiffeners 103 in which fit the anchor heads of the plurality of spacers 130.
• the stiffeners 103 are formed by galvanized steel rails so that they have a U-shaped section.
• the stiffeners 103 comprise a core, two wings which extend along the lateral edges of the core , and two wing returns which extend the wings so that the wing returns extend in a plane parallel to the plane of the web.
• stiffeners 103 are fixed to the internal faces of the formwork element 100 by screws and are arranged to extend vertically when the formwork element 100 is in the installation position.
• the stiffeners 103 have a predetermined length so that they project from the bottom of the first shuttering panel 110 or the second shuttering panel 120 and define a lower opening 101 which allows the passage of concrete.
• the formwork element 100 comprises at its lower end, the lower opening 101 which is made in one of its external faces, called the first external face, and through which the concrete can drain. .
• the lower opening 101 extends over the entire width of the first outer face.
• the formwork element 110 can be oriented in any direction desired, as long as the lower opening 101 is left at the bottom of the formwork element 100.
• the first external face corresponds to the external face of the first shuttering panel 110.
• This configuration makes it possible to obtain a wall with a good metallic grip which is suitable for certain types of coverings. These are, for example, coatings of the under-plastered type (conventional mortar) or finishing plasters applied in thickness (for example, approximately 2.5 cm).
• the first external face corresponds to the external face of the second shuttering panel 120.
• This configuration makes it possible to obtain a wall suitable for all types of finishing coating such as "liners", tiling or painting.
• the formwork element 100 also comprises at its upper end, an upper opening 102 made in the other of the external faces of the element formwork 100, called the second external face.
• the shuttering element 100 if the lower opening 101 is made in the first shuttering panel 110 then the upper opening 102 will be made in the second shuttering panel 120. On the contrary, if the lower opening 101 is made in the second shuttering panel 120 while the upper opening 102 will be made in the first shuttering panel 110.
• the upper opening 102 extends over all or part of the width of the second outer face.
• the upper opening 102 corresponds to a cutout of the second shuttering panel around the stiffeners 103.
• the formwork element 100 also comprises a third shuttering panel 140 in perforated metal sheet of the same type as the first shuttering panel 110.
• the third shuttering panel 140 is significantly narrower than the first shuttering panel 110.
• the width of the third shuttering panel 140 is less than about a third of the width of the first shuttering panel 110, preferably less than half the width of the first shuttering panel 110.
• the third shuttering panel 140 is folded at least in two parts, called the first part 131 and second part 132.
• the first part 131 and the second part 132 each comprise an internal face and an external face.
• the third panel 140 is fixed orthogonally on the second outer face, so that the outer faces of the first part 131 and of the second part 132 are oriented towards the outside of the formwork element 100, so as to press the internal face of the first part 131, substantially in below the upper opening 102 and so as to dispose the second part 132, substantially at the level of the upper opening 102 to form a predetermined acute angle a between the internal face of the second part 132 and a plane which contains the opening upper 102.
• the first part 131 is fixed on the second external face by screws on the stiffeners 103 mounted on the first shuttering panel 110.
• the acute angle ⁇ is between about 0 ° and about 90 °, preferably between about 30 ° and about 50 °.
• This optional implementation has the effect of allowing the widening of the upper level of the concrete wall according to the desired dimension L so that it can support copings, often made of natural or reconstituted stone, without risk of cracks. and / or breakage.
• This larger upper level can be reinforced by the arrangement of reinforcements in the space created.
• the turn of a liquid retention basin generally comprises copings which separate the basin from a terrace formed around the swimming pool.
• a coping 300 rests partly on the upper level of a wall 400 of the liquid retention basin and partly on the backfill 500 which is located on the side of the ground in place 600, because the width of the coping 300 is greater than that of the wall 400.
• the width of a coping 300 is generally twenty-five to thirty-five centimeters, while the width of the wall 400 is l 'order of 15 cm.
• the embankment 500 collapses and the coping 300 is then cantilevered with the risk of cracking and / or breaking.
• the solution according to the invention makes it possible to better support the copings of the coping 300 type.
• the formwork element 100 further comprises a plurality of horizontal stiffeners 104 fixed on the upper edge of the second outer face and on at least one side of the second part 131.
• the horizontal stiffeners 104 are fixed to the upper edge of the second outer face and to one of the sides of the second part 131 by screws.
• one of the sides of the second part 131 may be the top side and / or a side side.
• the invention also covers a method of constructing 200 a concrete structure in a cavity.
• the cavity is an excavation made in the ground.
• the cavity is a reservoir of an existing retention basin. This arrangement has the effect of allowing the renovation of the existing damaged retention basin without requiring excavation or the removal or dismantling of the existing retention basin.
• step 210 called the supply step, a plurality of elements of formwork 100 as described above.
• step 220 the plurality of formwork elements are vertically juxtaposed on a seating surface of the cavity, so as to orient the first openings 101 towards the interior of the cavity.
• step 230 called the first arrangement, the first reinforcements are arranged inside the plurality of formwork elements 100.
• step 240 called the second arrangement, second frames are arranged on the seating surface of the cavity, so as to insert all or part of the ends of the second frames in the lower openings 101
• the arrangement of the first frames and of the second frames is of the type known in the field of civil engineering. Furthermore, the two arrangements can be made at the same time.
• step 250 called the first pour, fresh concrete is poured, first, inside the plurality of formwork elements 100, in order to make the walls of the structure.
• Fresh concrete is understood to mean the state of the concrete when it has not started its setting and hardening process.
• the first pouring has the effect that the concrete disgorges through the lower openings 101.
• step 260 fresh concrete is poured, then on the seating surface of the cavity, with a view to producing the raft, while the concrete inside the plurality formwork elements are still fresh.
• the second pour has the effect that the concrete poured on the seating surface mixes with the concrete which disgorges the openings 101, to form a one-piece, undeformable, reinforced concrete structure which is not at risk of cracking.
• the concrete is pulled on the upper face of the raft to obtain a flat and smooth surface.
• the raft is made to have a thickness of at least 15 cm to ensure the watertightness of the structure.
• the invention also covers other dimensions without requiring modifications of the principles of the invention.
• the method further comprises a step 270, called first application, in which, when the first external faces of the plurality of formwork elements 100 are made of fiber cement, it is applies a first layer of a first liquid waterproofing membrane to the outer faces of each of the plurality of shuttering panels 100, so that the first liquid membrane forms a first waterproof shell upon drying.
• first application in which, when the first external faces of the plurality of formwork elements 100 are made of fiber cement, it is applies a first layer of a first liquid waterproofing membrane to the outer faces of each of the plurality of shuttering panels 100, so that the first liquid membrane forms a first waterproof shell upon drying.
• the method further comprises a step 280, called a second application, in which a second layer of a second liquid waterproofing membrane on the first waterproof shell, so that the second liquid membrane forms a second waterproof shell as it dries.
• the first liquid membrane and the second liquid membrane are applied in crossed layers, namely, alternately in one direction, then in a perpendicular direction.
• the application in cross layers is suitable to allow the longitudinal and transverse placement of the fibers of the second shuttering panel 120.
• the first liquid sealing membrane is different from the second liquid sealing membrane.
• the filling is immediate, unlike the structures which require G use of a liner, for which the liner must first be manufactured in the factory according to the measurements of the structure. .
• a finishing coating is applied to the first waterproof shell or to the second waterproof shell, such as "liners", tiling or paint.
• liners such as "liners", tiling or paint.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=69630360

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2019
  • 2019-09-23 FR FR1910453A patent/FR3101092B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-09-23 US US17/608,133 patent/US20220228379A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-23 EP EP20776167.7A patent/EP3942123A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-09-23 WO PCT/EP2020/076590 patent/WO2021058580A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-09-23 CA CA3137814A patent/CA3137814A1/fr active Pending

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