EP3940143A1 - Levelling plate - Google Patents

Abstract

Leveling blade with a central main blade (2), with a right and a left half blade (3) being arranged in front of the main blade, which have such a curvature that they fit into the main blade with their rear side essentially contour-parallel, the half blades being stepless independently of one another can be extended laterally beyond the main shield.

Description

The invention relates to a leveling blade with a central main blade, to which all connection points to the carrier device are attached. Like all conventional leveling blades, the main blade has a screwed-on exchangeable blade on the lower edge.

It is known that GPS-supported bulldozers or motor graders are usually used in the construction industry to create surfaces with precise specifications such as slope, height and flatness and that these distribute and level the material as desired with a leveling blade.

When creating areas with these machines, the width of the leveling blade is decisive for the area output and quality of the finished area, which is why blade extensions are often fitted. In order to increase the amount of material that can be moved with such a leveling blade, additional driver blades are often mounted on the side. This gives the shield a slight U-shape and the material cannot flow out so easily at the side.

In most cases, the width and also the size of the driver plates is limited by the legally applicable transport dimensions. There are already various solutions for this, according to which additional widenings can be set up on the leveling blade, screwed on or folded forwards or backwards using a swivel joint.

Of course, there is also the solution that the entire shield is dismantled for transport and transported with a separate truck in the direction of travel. The assembly and disassembly of the entire shield or the individual expansion components is always associated with a high expenditure of time and money.

The present invention is based on the object of specifying a leveling blade with which the above-described disadvantages of the previously known solutions are avoided and the advantages of these options are nevertheless achieved.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 .

Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

The invention provides that a right and a left half-shield are arranged in front of the main shield, which have such a curvature that they fit into the main shield with their rear side essentially contour-parallel, and that the half-shields can be independently continuously continuously extended laterally beyond the main shield . It is preferably provided that the half shields can each be extended by approximately 1/4 of the width of the main shield and that they are each approximately half as wide as the main shield.

Especially with the use of GPS control systems available on the market today and the sensitive control of today's construction machines, very precise surface finishes can be produced. However, the critical point here is always the transitions between the individual lanes. According to the present invention, the broader leveling blade means that more area can be processed in one pass and fewer passes are necessary next to each other. This also results in less critical transitions.

When surfaces are produced for the substructure of roads or rail tracks, it can often happen that the area to be processed varies greatly in width. The reason for this can be pillars for overhead lines, roadway junctions or the area of points as well as the station area with its platforms. This can become a problem, especially if the processing width is greatly reduced over a short distance and then quickly increases again, since this offset can only be generated by strong steering movements in the previously known tracked vehicles. It is known that material is pushed open in caterpillar vehicles during strong maneuvering movements due to the rotation of the drive belts. This pushed-up material significantly damages the finished surface. In the blade of the present invention, since the half-blades can be continuously expanded, a half-blade can be expanded in front of an obstruction such as a pillar, retracted when reaching the pillar, and extended to the original width behind the pillar. All this takes place without steering movement of the carrier vehicle. This avoids damage to the finished surface.

A so-called lateral adjustment can also be implemented by means of the half shields, which can be controlled independently of one another according to the invention. This is the case, for example, when the left half shield is retracted and the right half shield is extended and then both half-shields change their position at the same time. That is, the right half shield is retracted and the left one is extended.

Another advantage is that the leveling blade can be retracted to the transport width in a very short time thanks to the stepless hydraulic lateral adjustment of the half-blades and then extended again to the maximum working width in a very short time.

Another critical point is the lane of the carrier vehicle, since the surface in this lane is compacted by the dead weight of the carrier machine. If the desired surface level is reached in one pass, this is not a big problem. However, if the level is applied layer by layer with several passes and then compacted, the level increases at the point where the drive belts have repeatedly passed over it. This is due to the fact that the material is already pre-compressed at this point and can no longer be compressed to the same extent as at the points where it was applied loosely. If this work is done in an open area, the runway of the base machine can of course always be shifted to the side. However, if there is a structural contour on one side or even both sides of the area, such as a wall, where the area extends all the way to the edge, this cannot be done with a conventional dozer blade and leads to the problem mentioned above. However, thanks to the half-shields that can be moved sideways, the carrier vehicle can shift its runway and still create the surface cleanly up to the edge contour.

To fasten the half shields, the invention advantageously proposes using two superimposed grooved profile strips just above the cutting edge in the front side of the main shield, these two parallel guide strips extending over the entire width of the main shield extend. Sliding block strips, which are fastened to the back of the half shields, engage in these slotted profile strips.

The guide rails preferably have a T-profile, but another profile shape such as a dovetail profile can also be considered. The sliding block strips have a matching profile.

The sliding block strips are preferably attached to the half shields by means of a screw connection and then each run in the groove profiles of the main shield. Each half shield thus runs with its slot nut strip in its own guide of the main shield. The length of the half shields is approximately half the length or width of the main shield, with the groove strips preferably extending over the same length as the main shield.

It is also advantageously proposed that there be a flat bar on the upper edge of the half shields, which reaches back over the main shield, with a guide bar being screwed underneath this flat bar, which grips behind a continuous bar on the upper edge of the main shield.

An end cover is welded to the outside of each half-shield, on which the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders that extend and retract the half-shields act.

To this end, it is proposed in more detail that about halfway up the main shield behind its front wall, two hydraulic cylinders are mounted side by side, the extendable piston rods of which engage the above-mentioned end caps, which are preferably welded to the half shields. The two hydraulic cylinders are installed internally in the main shield on two mounting lugs, and their piston rods extend through an opening in the side covers of the main shield approximately halfway up.

Since the sliding block rails have the same length as the main shield, the guide grooves of the main shield are always covered, even when the cylinders are fully extended, so that no dirt can get into the guide grooves.

A cover band, which runs along with the half shield and the sliding block profile, acts like a kind of labyrinth seal, which ensures that no dirt gets into the guide area through the gap between the sliding block profile and the sliding block profile.

It is also proposed with great advantage that flat driver plates are arranged on the outer sides of the half shields, which can be continuously extended forwards independently of one another at an angle to the half shields in the direction of travel. The entrainment shields are each arranged in the manner of a sandwich between the end cover fastened to the half shield and an outer cover, between which the entrainment shield can be extended forwards.

To extend and retract the driver plates, a hydraulic cylinder is attached to the end cover or the inner plate, which is connected to the driver plate via intermediate links to move it.

Advantageously, the entraining plates can be moved along an inclined path, with the angle of the rearward movement increasing, so that the entire entraining units do not drag on the finished planed surface over their entire length.

There have been side blades on dozer blades for a long time. These can be screwed on, welded on or fastened to the leveling blade by means of a plug-in or folding connection. Up until now, these types of connections can only be separated or adjusted manually. Since this process is manual takes place, it is of course also associated with a great deal of time. The reason for attaching such driver plates is that the driver plates turn the straight plate into a kind of U-plate. This U-shape of the shield has the great advantage that more material can be taken in front of the shield without this material running out to the side.

As already described above, transitions from one processing track to the next track are always very critical. In order to cleanly design these transitions and the connection to the previous work path, the machine operator must always turn the leveling blade sideways to and fro so that the material always reaches up to the outer edge of the leveling blade, but does not run beyond it. If the material runs out to the side, an undesirable accumulation of material occurs. If there is not enough material at the edge so that the existing level attachment can be filled, notches or hole-like depressions will appear.

In order to make work easier for the machine operator, the size of the overlapping of the individual work paths can of course be selected to be larger. However, this has the disadvantage that the processing width of each individual work path decreases around the overlap, which of course also results in a reduction in the area output.

To counteract this problem, lateral driver blades are attached to the dozer blade, as described above. The advantage then arises from the fact that a certain material buffer is also created at the outermost edge of the leveling blade. Thanks to this material buffer, the machine operator no longer has to intervene as much in the side turning of the leveling blade, and the work path overlap can also be selected to be smaller.

In certain work processes, this driver plate can also have a disadvantageous effect. This can be the case, for example, when the leveling blade turned sideways to move material sideways. Especially with moist and tough material such as humus, the material can then build up heavily due to the driver shields. This can then result in material damming up over the dozer blade and flowing over the dozer blade. Another disadvantage is, of course, that the required drive power of the carrier vehicle increases due to the increased resistance. Since, according to the advantageous embodiment of the invention, the driver plates can be continuously extended and retracted independently of the machine cabin, the optimum machine conditions can also be established here in the shortest possible time.

In a more detailed embodiment of the extendable driver plates, it is proposed that the driver plate units be constructed like a kind of sandwich, with the inner plate or end cover already mentioned above being welded directly to the half plate. The extendable driver plate is located in the middle and then an outer cover on the outside.

A hydraulic cylinder can be mounted vertically on the inside of the inner panel. This is connected to the movable driver plate via the intermediate links described below.

To this end, it is proposed in further detail that the hydraulic cylinder mounted vertically on the inside of the inner panel pushes a sliding strip up and down, which is located in a groove in the inner panel. This sliding strip is connected to a second sliding strip at the top and bottom by bolts. This sliding strip runs in a groove in the outer cover. A roller runs on the connecting bolts between the two slide rails. In order to enable this connection between the wear strips, the extendable driver plate has two elongated holes. A frame is attached all around the inner plate, which is slightly thicker in material than the extendable driver plate. This frame is open to the front. So will the carrier plate is held up and down and can extend forwards. The rear standing frame part is necessary to prevent dirt from getting into the space. The lower and upper frame parts, which are parallel to each other, deviate from horizontal alignment and the angle increases towards the rear. This increasing angle is necessary so that the entire cleated blade assembly does not scrape the finished surface for its entire length. The slotted holes in the driver plate are twisted at an angle to the grooves in the inner plate and the outer cover. This twisting creates a sloping plane, which allows the vertical movement of the hydraulic cylinder and the slide rails to produce a parallel movement of the extendable driver plate to the lower and upper frame parts. The cylinder pushes the slide rails down when extending. The driver plate is also pressed down via the rollers between the sliding blocks. Since this is then applied to the lower frame parts, a horizontal force is built up by the inclined plane, which the driver plate pushes out to the front. If the hydraulic cylinder retracts again, the driver plate is in contact with the upper frame part and is pulled inwards.

The combination of the individual functions and advantages results in a leveling blade according to the invention, which is outstanding in terms of quality and area performance, especially for precise surface leveling.

• Figuren 1A bis 1B eine perspektivische Vorderansicht des gesamten Planierschildes;
• Figuren 2A bis 2F eine vordere Stirnansicht des Planierschildes;
• Figuren 3A bis 3C eine schnittartige Rückansicht des Planierschildes;
• Figuren 4A bis 4C perspektivische Ansichten einer Mitnehmerschild-Einheit mit ausgefahrenem Mitnehmerschild;
• Figuren 5A bis 5C die Mitnehmerschild-Einheit der Figur 5 mit eingefahrenem Mitnehmerschild.

Further details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings. show:

• Figures 1A to 1B a front perspective view of the entire blade;
• Figures 2A to 2F a front end view of the dozer blade;
• Figures 3A to 3C a sectional rear view of the blade;
• Figures 4A to 4C perspective views of a cleat assembly with cleat extended;
• Figures 5A to 5C the carrier plate unit of figure 5 with retracted carrier plate.

figure 1 shows a perspective view of the entire leveling blade 1, in which a right and a left half blade 3 are attached in front of the main blade 2, which, like the main blade 2, have interchangeable cutting edges 4. All connection points 5a to the carrier device are attached to the main shield 2.

The half shields 3 are curved in such a way that they fit into the front wall 6 of the main shield 2 with their rear wall parallel to the contour.

Welded to the outer ends of the half-shields 3 are end caps 7 which form the inner panels of sandwich-like entrainment shield units 8 . Between the end caps 7 and the inner plates and outer caps 9 formed by them, a driver plate 10 is arranged, which can be retracted and extended in order to form a substantially U-shaped overall plate together with the main plate 2 and the two half plates 3 .

In Figure 1A both half shields 3 are extended laterally, which increases the overall width of the leveling shield by half the width of the main shield 2. In addition, the two driver plates 10 are forward, ie extended in the direction of travel. The cover strips 5 are visible between the half-shields 3 .

In Figure 1B Both half shields 3 are retracted and the driver plate 10 on the left in the figure is extended, while the right driver plate 10 is retracted, ie between the outer cover 9 and the inner plate 7 is retracted.

The front views of figures 2 show in Figure 2A both half shields 3 are retracted, while the two driver shields 10 are extended. In contrast, in Figure 2B both carrier shields 10 retracted.

In Figure 2C both half shields 3 are still retracted, and only the left driver shield 10 is extended.

In Figure 2D the right half shield 3 is extended, while the left half shield 3 is in the retracted state. Both driver plates 10 are extended. Figure 2E differs from the previous figure in that the left half-shield 3 is extended, while the right half-shield 3 is shown in the retracted state.

In Figure 2F both half shields are extended, which is also the case for the two driver shields 10 .

the Figures 3 show the back of the entire blade 1 in sectional view. Approximately halfway up in the central main shield 2 are two hydraulic cylinders 11 which are at the same height and are spaced apart from one another and are attached to fastening lugs 12 on the inside of the main shield. The piston rods 13 of the hydraulic cylinders 11 run through openings 14 in side covers 15 of the main shield 2 to the above-mentioned end covers or inner plates 7 of the half shields 3, which are welded to the half shields 3. In the lower edge area of the leveling blade 1, two superimposed grooved profile strips 16 are inserted flush into the front wall 6 of the main blade 2 in the front wall 6 of the main blade 2, which extend over the entire length of the main blade 2. A sliding block strip 17 is fastened to the back of the half shields 2 and engages in its associated profiled strip 16 . The sliding block strips 17 also extend over the entire width of the main shield 2.

At the upper edge of the half shields 3, a guide rail 18 is fastened to a bent flat steel element, which engages under a guide rail which is fastened to the main shield 2.

The half-shields 3 are thus guided by the upper and lower guide rails along the front wall 6 of the main shield, being moved forwards and backwards by the hydraulic cylinders 11.

In Figure 3A the right half shield 3 is extended while the left half shield is retracted. Both entrainment plates 10 are extended from their entrainment plate units 8 .

In Figure 3B both half shields 3 are retracted, while the driver shields 10 are extended.

In Figure 3C the left half shield 3 is extended while the right half shield is retracted.

the figures 4 and 5 show the movement mechanism with which the driver plate 10 in figure 4 out and in figure 5 withdrawn, ie retracted. On the inside of the inner panel 7, which is welded to the half-shield 3, a hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixed in a vertical position. With its piston rod, the hydraulic cylinder pushes a sliding strip 21, which is located in a groove 22 of the inner plate 7, up and down; in figure 4 to the down position. This sliding strip 21 is connected at the top and bottom by bolts to a second sliding strip 23 which runs in a groove 24 in the outer cover 25 . Between the two sliding strips 21 and 23, a roller runs on the connecting bolt. In order to enable this connection between the slide rails 21 and 23, the extendable carrier plate 10 has two elongated holes 26. On the inner plate 7, a frame is mounted circumferentially, which is slightly thicker in its material than the extendable carrier plate 10. This Frame is open to the front. In this way, the driver plate 10 is held up and down and can extend forward. The rear standing frame part is necessary to ensure that no dirt gets into the gap. The lower and upper frame parts, which are parallel, deviate from horizontal alignment, with the angle α increasing backwards. This increasing angle causes the entire cleated blade assembly 8 not to graze the finished surface along its entire length. The elongated holes 26 of the driver plate 10 are twisted at an angle to the grooves in the inner plate 7 and the outer cover 25. This twisting creates a sloping plane, which makes it possible for the vertical movement of the hydraulic cylinder 19 and the sliding strips 21, 23 to produce a parallel movement of the extendable driver plate 10 with respect to the lower and upper frame parts. So pushes the cylinder 19 when extending the slide rails 21, 23 down, as in the figures 4 is shown. The driver plate 10 is also pressed down via the rollers between the sliding blocks. Since this is then present on the lower frame parts, a horizontal force is built up by the inclined plane, which pushes the driver plate 10 forward. If the hydraulic cylinder retracts again, as shown in Figure 5A to 5C is shown, the driver plate 10 is on the upper frame part and is pulled inwards.

It is emphasized that the invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiments. Rather, all disclosed features can be individually combined with one another in any meaningful way.

Claims (12)

dozer blade with a central main blade (2),
characterized,
that in front of the main shield (2) a right and a left half shield (3) are arranged, which have such a curvature that they fit into the main shield (2) with their rear side essentially parallel to the contour, and
that the half shields (3) can be continuously extended laterally beyond the main shield (2) independently of one another. Leveling blade according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the half shields (3) can each be extended by about 1/4 of the width of the main shield (2). Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the half shields are each about half as wide as the main shield (2). Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that approximately halfway up the main shield (2) behind its front wall (6) there are two hydraulic cylinders (11) whose extendable piston rods (13) act on end covers or inner plates (7) which are fastened to the outside of the half shields (3). , preferably welded. Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that two superimposed grooved profile strips (16) are inserted in the front wall (6) of the main shield (2) just above the cutting edge (4) and parallel to it, which preferably extend over the entire width of the main shield (2), and
that in these profile strips (16) slot nut strips (17) engage, which are attached to the back of the half shields. Leveling blade according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the sliding block strips (17) preferably also extend over the entire width of the main plate (2). Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that on the upper edges of the half-plates (3) are each a flat bar is fixed, which is bent so that it engages with an attached guide rail (18) behind a continuous strip which is attached to the upper edge of the main plate (2). Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that flat driver plates (10) are arranged on the outer sides of the half-shields (3) which can be continuously extended at an angle to the half-shields (3) independently of one another. Leveling blade according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the entrainment shields (10) each between the end cover (7) fastened to the half shield (3) and an outer cover (25) are arranged in a sandwich-like manner, the driver plate (10) being extendable to the front. Leveling blade according to one of claims 8 or 9,
characterized,
in that a hydraulic cylinder (19) is attached to the end cover (7) for extending and retracting the driver plates (10) and is connected to the driver plate (10) via intermediate members (21, 23). Leveling blade according to one of claims 8 to 10,
characterized,
that the driving blades (10) are moved along an inclined path so that the angle (α) of the rearward movement increases, so that the entire driving blade units (8) do not drag on the finished planed surface along their entire length. Leveling blade according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that a cover strip (5) runs along with the two half shields (3) and the sliding block strips (17), so that no foreign matter can get through the gap between the sliding block strips (17) and the profile strips (16).

Images