EP3938135A1 - Procédé pour détecter une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode avec un élément complémentaire - Google Patents

Procédé pour détecter une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode avec un élément complémentaire

Info

Publication number
EP3938135A1
EP3938135A1 EP20714873.5A EP20714873A EP3938135A1 EP 3938135 A1 EP3938135 A1 EP 3938135A1 EP 20714873 A EP20714873 A EP 20714873A EP 3938135 A1 EP3938135 A1 EP 3938135A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sonotrode
contact
counter
time
amplitude
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20714873.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Gnad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3938135A1 publication Critical patent/EP3938135A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B23K20/106—Features related to sonotrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/182—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by the machine tool function, e.g. thread cutting, cam making, tool direction control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2628—Means for adjusting the position of the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7443—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc by means of ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0062—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined of the joining tool, e.g. avoiding wear of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9515—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by measuring their vibration amplitude
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
    • B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45146—Inertia friction welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detecting a coming into or out of contact of a sonotrode, which is set in oscillation with a frequency f and an oscillation amplitude Ao, with a counter element.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the detection of a sonotrode coming into contact with a counter-tool, a material to be processed being able to be arranged between the sonotrode and the counter-tool.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling an ultrasonic vibrating device.
  • Ultrasonic oscillating devices generally have at least one sonotrode, which can be set into mechanical oscillation as intended.
  • a counter tool is arranged opposite the sonotrode and the material to be processed is arranged between the sonotrode and the counter tool. The material is then provided with a weld seam or cut by the sonotrode, depending on the area of application.
  • the sonotrode and the counter tool come into contact, certain process events are indicated.
  • the coming into contact of the sonotrode and the counter-tool indicates that the material to be cut has been severed.
  • coming into contact between the sonotrode and the counter-tool can accordingly indicate an unintentional severing of the material.
  • the sonotrode and counter-tool can also come into contact indicate the reaching of an end of a material web guided along between the sonotrode and the counter tool.
  • so-called metal contact electronics were used, in which the coming into contact of the sonotrode and counter-tool was detected, similar to a relay switch, via an additional DC voltage applied from outside.
  • a method requires additional sensors or electronics and is therefore associated with greater effort and higher costs.
  • the acquisition times of such methods are 2 ms or more. This is too long for many applications.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method with which a sonotrode coming into or out of contact with a counter-element can be detected, the method eliminating or at least reducing the problems mentioned.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • the subject matter of claim 1 is a method for the detection of a coming into or out of contact of a sonotrode, which is set in an oscillation with a frequency f and an oscillation amplitude Ao, with a counter element with the steps: a) Detection of a time Course of the oscillation amplitude Ao during a first measurement period DT, b) determining from the time course of the oscillation amplitude Ao whether contact has been made within the measurement period DT.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to detect stepping out of contact. This can be important, for example, when processing multilayer systems with ultrasound, if the severing of an internal harder layer (i.e. the stepping out of contact with this harder layer) is to be detected.
  • the oscillation is preferably a periodic oscillation and in particular a harmonic oscillation. Assuming a harmonic oscillation with the frequency f, the deflection A (t) of the oscillation depends on the time t in the usual way
  • a (t) A 0 (t) cos (2 p / t) together with the oscillation amplitude Ao.
  • the sonotrode vibrates with a constant vibration amplitude Ao .
  • the oscillation amplitude changes, however, when the coupling between the sonotrode and the counter tool or between the sonotrode and the material to be processed changes, so that the oscillation amplitude is then also a time-dependent variable Ao (t).
  • the present invention makes use of this.
  • the point in time of stepping into or out of contact is determined significantly faster than is the case with the methods known from the prior art.
  • the method according to the invention thereby allows shorter acquisition times of 100 ps and less. The consequence of this is that a reaction is also quicker to a coming into or out of contact between the counter element and the sonotrode, in particular the counter tool and the sonotrode can. Consequently, the method according to the invention creates the possibility of reacting with very short reaction times to the sonotrode and counter-element coming into or out of contact.
  • the reaction time is to be understood as the time between the actual point in time of stepping into or out of contact and the point in time of a reaction directed to it, such as, for example, calling up a control command.
  • step b) of the method according to the invention determines whether the sonotrode has come into or out of contact with the counter-element if the detected vibration amplitude Ao deviates from a predetermined reference amplitude R by more than a predetermined tolerance value a or if the detected vibration amplitude Ao is outside a predetermined tolerance interval [T m m, m T ax] is located.
  • this embodiment provides a tolerance range which is either defined by a reference amplitude R and a tolerance value a or a tolerance interval [T m m, m T ax].
  • This tolerance range is a contiguous sub-range of the possible oscillation amplitude. It has been shown that such a tolerance range can be defined for each vibrating sonotrode of an ultrasonic vibrating device, so that the vibration amplitude when the sonotrode and counter-element come into contact or out of contact, and in particular when the sonotrode and counter-tool come into contact lies outside a definable tolerance range and otherwise lies within this tolerance range in the case of regular oscillation without the sonotrode and counter-element coming into or out of contact.
  • An in-or-out of contact is preferably only established when the oscillation amplitude leaves the tolerance range.
  • the vibration amplitude can assume values outside a predefined tolerance range, although the sonotrode and the counter-element do not come into or out of contact accordingly.
  • the determination of a coming into or out of contact presupposes that the oscillation amplitude leaves the tolerance range.
  • the oscillation amplitude does not assume values within the tolerance range until the transient process has ended. Therefore, the requirement of “leaving” ensures that an incorrect determination of an in or out of contact does not occur during the transient process.
  • the measurement period DT is also preferably designed such that a transient process of the sonotrode is completed before the start of the measurement period DT.
  • the reference amplitude can simply be the previously recorded measured value. As soon as the difference between the current measured value and the previous measured value (as reference amplitude) becomes greater than a predetermined tolerance value a, this is interpreted as coming into contact (or as stepping out of contact).
  • the tolerance value a can be based on empirical values.
  • the measurement signal of the oscillation amplitude is passed through a low-pass filter.
  • a time profile of the oscillation amplitude Ao is recorded and the reference amplitude and / or the tolerance interval are calculated from the detection during the second measurement period D ⁇ .
  • the tolerance range is advantageously determined during operation without a previous determination or adjustment of the ultrasonic oscillating device.
  • there is an automated self-calibration of the ultrasonic oscillating device which is always adapted to the ongoing operation or to the oscillation during ongoing operation, so that the appropriate reference amplitude does not have to be set externally for different ultrasonic oscillating devices or different applications or different external circumstances. This simplifies handling and improves the efficiency of the ultrasonic oscillating device in question.
  • the second measurement period is therefore preferably selected such that no contact between the sonotrode and counter-tool is to be expected within the second measurement period.
  • a further embodiment provides that a mean oscillation amplitude is calculated from the detection during the second measurement period At and the calculated mean oscillation amplitude is used in step b) as a predetermined reference amplitude.
  • a mean value of the oscillation amplitude which is calculated during operation, as the reference amplitude ensures that the tolerance range resulting from the reference amplitude and the tolerance value is always precisely adapted to ongoing operation.
  • the tolerance interval with T m in amine and T m ax AEA ma x is calculated.
  • This embodiment ensures in particular that the tolerance range formed by the tolerance interval includes all values of the oscillation amplitude which do not indicate the sonotrode coming into or out of contact with a counter-element.
  • the tolerance interval is always adapted to the special circumstances in the company. In this way, the tolerance interval of a single ultrasonic cutting device can adapt dynamically due to different external circumstances. For example, the tolerance interval in a first cutting process can be made wider than in a subsequent second cutting process.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments for the automated determination of the reference amplitude and / or the tolerance interval are preferably carried out once or only a few times. Subsequently, the reference amplitudes and / or tolerance intervals determined in this way are used for other similar processes for which no changes in the external circumstances are to be expected.
  • processes of an ultrasonic oscillating device are in particular cutting processes of an ultrasonic cutting tool and welding processes of an ultrasonic welding tool to be understood.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that in step a) the sonotrode is excited by a converter, the converter being connected to a power generator and the current IE (t) provided by the power generator and flowing through the converter being measured, where the from the voltage UE (t) applied to the converter is measured from the power generator, and the oscillation amplitude or a field variable of the electrical oscillation system related to the oscillation amplitude consisting of the measured voltage UE (t) and the measured current IE (t) the power generator and the converter.
  • the oscillation amplitude can be determined using a method known from WO 2013/017452 A2.
  • the power generator is preferably a generator and provides a periodically changing voltage, preferably an alternating voltage, which is preferably converted into a mechanical vibration in a converter with a piezoelectric element, so that a standing wave is formed within a freely vibrating ultrasonic vibration device, whereby the sonotrode and the applied voltage are designed such that the position of a wave mountain of the standing wave corresponds to the position of a front surface of the sonotrode.
  • the frequency of the applied periodically changing voltage is the excitation frequency, which is selected such that it corresponds to a resonance frequency of the freely oscillating, i.e. H. corresponds to ultrasonic vibrating device not in contact with other elements.
  • the present invention is based, inter alia, on the knowledge that when the sonotrode and counter-element come into or out of contact, the oscillating structure of the entire ultrasonic oscillating device is modified in such a way that the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic oscillating device shifts . As a result, the excitation frequency and the resonance frequency no longer match. This in turn causes a change, such as a "tremor,” i.e. H. an alternating rise and fall in the oscillation amplitude.
  • a "tremor” i.e. H. an alternating rise and fall in the oscillation amplitude.
  • the method according to the invention has the following, further step c): c) Determination of a point in time to at which a step b) has come into or out of contact, from the time course of the oscillation amplitude, the point in time at which the oscillation amplitude leaves the tolerance range for the first time within the measurement period, or a point in time offset from this point in time by a predefined correction time is defined as point in time t0 of the coming into or out of contact.
  • the first alternative in which the point in time at which the oscillation amplitude within the measurement period leaves the tolerance range for the first time is defined as the point in time t0 of entering or out of contact, represents a particularly simple method for determining the point in time of the in-or-out Out of contact, which only requires a simple query of the vibration amplitude and a comparison with the tolerance range. In addition, no further method steps are necessary, so that by means of this preferred method a particularly fast and efficient determination of the point in time to the coming into or out of contact takes place.
  • the point in time of coming into or out of contact can be determined very precisely and specifically as a function of knowledge, experience and measurements made with individual ultrasonic oscillating devices.
  • a sampling rate of at least 2,000 samples / second, preferably of at least 5,000 samples / second and particularly preferably of at least 15,000 samples / second is used in step a) to determine the time profile of the vibration amplitude.
  • a measured value was recorded every 50 ps, which corresponds to 20,000 samples / second.
  • sampling rates ensure that the time between the point in time at which the oscillation amplitude actually leaves the tolerance range and the point in time at which it is determined that the tolerance range has been exceeded is sufficiently short. For example, with a sampling rate of 5,000 samples / second, there is always less than 200 ps between the point in time at which the oscillation amplitude actually leaves the tolerance range and the specific point in time at which the deviation from the tolerance range is detected, at a sampling rate of 10 000 samples / second always less than 100 ps and at a sampling rate of 20,000 samples / second always less than 50 ps.
  • a counter-tool is used as the counter-element, wherein a material to be processed can be arranged between the sonotrode and the counter-tool, and the contact between the sonotrode and the counter-tool is detected.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method for controlling an ultrasonic oscillating device, the ultrasonic oscillating device having a sonotrode and a counter tool, and the counter tool being arranged opposite the sonotrode during operation such that a material for processing by the sonotrode can be arranged between the sonotrode and the counter tool, with the steps:
  • step B Stopping the excitation of the sonotrode or moving the sonotrode away from the counter tool, if contact between the sonotrode and the counter tool was detected in step B).
  • the contact between the sonotrode and the counter-tool determined by means of the method discussed above is used by the method described in this embodiment for controlling the ultrasonic oscillating device.
  • the process steps are preferably carried out automatically.
  • the termination (switching off) of the excitation or the movement of the sonotrode after the first detected coming into contact the wear of the sonotrode and counter tool is limited to a minimum, whereby the usable Response time is significantly shorter - namely in the range of approx. 100 ps - than with the previously used methods that are based on metal contact detection. These methods result in a minimum response time of 2 ms that can be achieved on the basis of the acquisition times that can be achieved.
  • step C) is only carried out after a predefined follow-up time t N after the detection of contact, a reduction in the oscillation amplitude preferably being effected immediately after the detection of contact.
  • Such a predefined follow-up time t N is particularly advantageous when the process of applying ultrasound, for example an ultrasonic welding process or an ultrasonic cutting process, is not completely concluded when the counter tool and sonotrode come into contact. In this way, the sonotrode and the counter-tool can come into contact in sections during a cutting process, although the material to be cut has not yet been 100% severed. It is therefore advantageous for ultrasonic oscillating devices that such a predefined delay time is provided and adjustable.
  • a contact is determined shortly before an actual contact occurs. In such a case, the acquisition time would be negative. In these cases, a follow-up time is also useful to ensure that the desired application, for example an ultrasonic cutting process, is successfully completed.
  • the oscillation amplitude is preferably steadily reduced within the follow-up time, so that the oscillation does not end abruptly but rather a "fading out” of the oscillation.
  • the cutting edges are worked out particularly cleanly with ultrasonic welding and the weld seams with ultrasonic cutting.
  • the start of the measurement period DT from the point in time at which the oscillation of the sonotrode begins (switched on) is only after a delay time t d has elapsed , so that the oscillation of the sonotrode settles outside the measurement period DT.
  • the above-mentioned transient process of the sonotrode within which the oscillation usually also lies outside a possibly defined tolerance range, is excluded from the measurement period, so that there is no false-positive determination of a contact based on the time course of the Amplitude of the oscillation of the Sonotrode can come.
  • Such a definition of the measurement period is in most cases uncritical with regard to the risk of not determining a coming into contact outside the measurement period, since during the transient process the sonotrode and counter-tool come into contact with ultrasonic vibrating devices or ultrasonic sound - Applications are usually not to be expected.
  • All embodiments of the method according to the invention are preferably designed as computer-implemented methods.
  • the present invention also includes an ultrasonic oscillating device with a sonotrode, a counter-tool, wherein a material to be processed by the sonotrode can be arranged between the sonotrode and the counter-tool, and comprises means for executing a computer-implemented method according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the ultrasonic oscillating device preferably has a generator for providing a high-frequency electrical voltage, a converter with at least one piezoelectric element for converting the high-frequency electrical voltage into a mechanical vibration, the converter being connected to the sonotrode in such a way that a mechanical Transmits vibration of the converter to the sonotrode.
  • the ultrasonic oscillating device according to the invention is preferably an ultrasonic cutting device.
  • the reaction time for controlling the ultrasonic oscillating device is particularly short as a result of a certain contact between the sonotrode and the counter tool, since the contact between the sonotrode and counter tool is synonymous with a The cutting process is complete. This allows cutting processes to be carried out more efficiently and in a way that is gentle on the tools.
  • the present invention further comprises a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer or processor, cause the latter to execute a method according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the invention also comprises a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to execute a method according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a sonotrode and an anvil before coming into contact (left) and when coming into contact and
  • Figure 2 a diagram of the time course of the oscillation amplitude of a sonotrode
  • FIG. 1 A schematic representation of a sonotrode 4 and a counter tool 5 is shown in FIG. Between the sonotrode 4 and the counter tool 5, a material 7 to be cut Ma is arranged.
  • the counter tool 5 has an elevation 6.
  • the sonotrode 4 is moved in the direction of the counter-tool 5.
  • the material 7 is compressed between the sonotrode 4 and the elevation 6 until the sonotrode 4 and elevation 6 touch, as shown on the right in FIG.
  • the elevation 6 comes into contact with the sonotrode 4
  • the material 7 is severed and the processing step is completed.
  • the contact of the elevation 6 with the sonotrode 4 leads to a change in the vibration amplitude of the sonotrode 4, which is detected according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a two-axis diagram in which the time t is indicated on the horizontal axis and the oscillation amplitude Ao is indicated on the vertical axis.
  • the line marked with the reference number 1 consequently represents the time profile 1 of the oscillation amplitude Ao.
  • the illustrated time profile 1 of the oscillation amplitude Ao is the time profile of the oscillation amplitude of a sonotrode of an ultrasonic cutting device in which a method according to the invention was used for detecting a sonotrode coming into contact with a counter tool.
  • a material was arranged between the sonotrode and the counter-tool, which was then cut up by the sonotrode using ultrasonic machining.
  • the time curve 1 shown in FIG. 2 shows the vibration amplitude Ao of the sonotrode from the point in time at which the sonotrode vibration used is started or switched on up to the point in time at which the sonotrode vibration ends.
  • the transient process can be seen in the left-hand area, in which the oscillation amplitude Ao of the sonotrode initially changes from a zero position rises steadily before it then assumes a curve slightly oscillating around a fixed value in the middle area of the diagram, which indicates that the transient process has been completed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tolerance range 3 which is defined by a reference amplitude R and a tolerance value a.
  • the tolerance range 3 extends from a lower limit of the oscillation amplitude Ra to an upper limit of the oscillation amplitude R + a.
  • the underlying method according to the invention provides that the counter-tool and the sonotrode come into contact when the oscillation amplitude leaves tolerance range 3 within the measurement period DT, i.e. after the delay time t d , and thus values greater than R + a or less than Ra assumes.
  • the oscillation amplitude Ao within the measurement period DT which began after the delay time t d , assumes a value outside of the tolerance range 3, after having previously had another Value within tolerance range 3.
  • the associated point in time to is consequently determined by the point in time at which the oscillation amplitude Ao is outside the tolerance range 3 for the first time.
  • the point in time to is now determined as the point in time at which the sonotrode and counter-tool came into contact.
  • the ultrasonic vibration device is switched off after a delay time t N as a reaction to the specific coming into contact of the counter tool and sonotrode, so that the vibration of the sonotrode ends.
  • the follow-up time tN is also shown in FIG. 2 with a double arrow starting from the point in time t0 of the coming into contact.
  • the method on which the curve 1 of the oscillation amplitude Ao is based provides that the oscillation amplitude is steadily reduced within the follow-up time t N.
  • the delay time t N has elapsed, the vibration of the sonotrode ends within a very short period of time, within which the vibration amplitude drops to the zero position of the vibration amplitude.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the detection of a coming into or out of contact with a sonotrode (4) which oscillates with a Frequency f and an oscillation amplitude Ao is offset, with a counter element (5).
  • the method has the following steps: chen course of the oscillation amplitude Ao (1) during a first measurement period DT, and (b) determining from the temporal course of the oscillation amplitude Ao (1) whether a coming into or out of contact occurred within the measuring period DT.
  • Ao vibration amplitude (amplitude of the vibration of the sonotrode)

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour détecter une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode (4), laquelle est mise en oscillation à une fréquence f et avec une amplitude d'oscillation A0, avec un élément complémentaire (5). L'objet de l'invention est de mettre au point un procédé permettant de détecter de manière particulièrement rapide et peu onéreuse une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode avec un élément complémentaire. À cet effet, selon l'invention, le procédé présente les étapes suivantes : (a) la détection d'une variation temporelle de l'amplitude d'oscillation A0 (1) pendant une première période de mesure ΔT, et (b) le fait de déterminer à partir de la variation temporelle de l'amplitude d'oscillation A0 (1) si une entrée en ou hors contact s'effectue pendant la période de mesure ΔT.
EP20714873.5A 2019-03-15 2020-03-10 Procédé pour détecter une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode avec un élément complémentaire Pending EP3938135A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019106694.8A DE102019106694A1 (de) 2019-03-15 2019-03-15 Verfahren zur Detektion eines In-oder-Außer-Kontakt-Tretens einer Sonotrode mit einem Gegenelement
PCT/EP2020/056298 WO2020187639A1 (fr) 2019-03-15 2020-03-10 Procédé pour détecter une entrée en ou hors contact d'une sonotrode avec un élément complémentaire

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EP (1) EP3938135A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7492531B2 (fr)
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CN (1) CN113631315B (fr)
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DE102019109262A1 (de) * 2019-04-09 2020-10-15 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH VORRICHTUNG ZUM BESTIMMEN EINES ZUSTANDS EINES ULTRASCHALLSCHWEIßPROZESSES
DE102022128873A1 (de) 2022-11-01 2024-05-02 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Ultraschallschweißverfahren mit Fügepartnerrückmeldung sowie Vorrichtung hierfür
DE102023102293A1 (de) 2023-01-31 2024-08-01 Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Spannungsreduzierte Sonotrode

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DE102006020417B4 (de) * 2006-04-26 2008-10-02 Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken mittels Ultraschall
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JP7492531B2 (ja) 2024-05-29
DE102019106694A1 (de) 2020-09-17
KR20210137129A (ko) 2021-11-17
CN113631315A (zh) 2021-11-09
CN113631315B (zh) 2023-05-09
WO2020187639A1 (fr) 2020-09-24
JP2022523590A (ja) 2022-04-25

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