EP3914420B1 - Outil et procédé d'usinage par rodage d'une ouverture dans une pièce - Google Patents

Outil et procédé d'usinage par rodage d'une ouverture dans une pièce Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3914420B1
EP3914420B1 EP21711499.0A EP21711499A EP3914420B1 EP 3914420 B1 EP3914420 B1 EP 3914420B1 EP 21711499 A EP21711499 A EP 21711499A EP 3914420 B1 EP3914420 B1 EP 3914420B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
honing
opening
length
elements
diameter
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EP21711499.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3914420A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Litty
Andreas Wagner
Andreas Wiens
Markus PETRASCHEK
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Gehring Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Gehring Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3914420A1 publication Critical patent/EP3914420A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08—Honing tools
    • B24B33/087—Honing tools provided with measuring equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a honing device and a method for honing a workpiece opening.
  • the surface of a workpiece opening to be machined is modified in terms of its shape and surface.
  • a shape deviating from an ideal circular cylinder is impressed on the macroscopically considered circular-cylindrical shape of the workpiece opening or bore.
  • the shape deviation is in the range of typically 10 ⁇ m to a maximum of a few 100 ⁇ m, in particular less than 100 ⁇ m, based on the diameter.
  • a specific initial bore shape is either assumed or the initial bore shape is determined during a measurement prior to honing, typically at a separate measuring station is carried out. Based on this initial bore shape, a specific honing process is then determined and then carried out. The workpiece opening is converted into a target shape by means of this honing process. After the honing, it may be checked whether the machining result corresponds to the desired target shape. If deviations are found, the machining process is adjusted when machining the next hole.
  • DE 10 2007 063 200 A1 shows a method and a device for fine machining a workpiece with a multi-edged rotary tool and use of a structure-borne noise sensor.
  • EP 1 932 620 A1 shows a method for fine machining of cylindrical inner surfaces of bores and a fine machining system for this.
  • the device has a pneumatically operated air measuring device for monitoring the machining progress.
  • the aim of the present invention is now to provide a honing device and a honing method by means of which, in particular, shaping honing can be carried out as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible.
  • the aim is also to increase the precision of the machining and, if possible, to avoid rejects.
  • this object is achieved by a honing device for machining a workpiece opening according to claim 1 and by a method for honing according to claim 6.
  • the honing device includes a honing tool, a link rod or coupling rod, and a spindle.
  • the articulated rod or the coupling rod are therefore provided as alternatives to one another, with one articulated rod usually being provided.
  • the honing tool is designed with a plurality of radially feedable honing elements distributed around the circumference of the honing tool.
  • Honing elements include honing stones and a substructure. Honing stones are through parts of the honing elements causing abrasive contact with the surface to be machined.
  • the honing tool is articulated to the spindle via the articulated rod.
  • the honing tool is rigidly connected to the spindle, so the axis of the spindle coupling rod and honing tool necessarily coincide during machining.
  • the articulated coupling can be formed via a first swivel joint and a second swivel joint.
  • the swivel joints form the connection to the spindle and the honing tool at the ends of the connecting rod.
  • the articulated coupling makes it possible to compensate for an axis offset between the spindle and the workpiece opening.
  • the spindle is designed to be driven with a drive unit.
  • the drive unit is kept stationary and sets the spindle and thus the honing device in motion.
  • This movement is the typical honing movement in which the honing device is set in an oscillatory translational movement with a superimposed rotational movement in relation to the workpiece, which includes the workpiece opening to be machined.
  • the honing device includes a measuring device for measuring the diameter of the workpiece opening with at least one air measuring nozzle arranged on the honing tool.
  • the air measuring nozzle is typically arranged in an air measuring bar, which is arranged between two honing elements, for example. Typically, several air measuring nozzles around the Distributed around the circumference of the honing tool.
  • the air measuring nozzles are supplied with compressed air via compressed air lines.
  • One or more pairs of air measuring nozzles can also be provided, with the air measuring nozzles of a pair in particular being arranged diametrically opposite one another.
  • the honing device also has an electromechanical infeed system.
  • the honing elements can be advanced in the radial direction via the electromechanical infeed system.
  • the infeed system includes a force measuring unit and is designed to infeed the honing elements with a definable force against an opening wall of the workpiece opening to be machined.
  • the infeed system is thus designed in such a way that the honing elements can be brought into contact with the opening wall with a defined force.
  • the contact pressure of the honing stones of the honing elements can thus be set precisely.
  • the local material removal depends on the local contact pressure or the contact force.
  • the feed system feeds the honing elements with a defined force, whereby it is provided that the honing elements distributed around the circumference are all fed with the same force.
  • the honing device also includes a signal converter, which is designed to convert a pneumatic measurement signal detected via the air measurement nozzle into an electrical signal. Air measuring nozzles set up a jet of compressed air the opening wall to be measured. Based on the resulting back pressure or the change in back pressure, a pneumatic measurement signal is generated which characterizes the local diameter.
  • the signal converter is arranged on the honing device, ie on the spindle, link rod or honing tool.
  • the honing device in the sense of the present invention consists of the parts that move relative to the workpiece during machining with the typical honing movement (rotation plus oscillatory translational movement).
  • the signal converter was arranged in the area of the machine construction that was stationary relative to the workpiece, for example in the area of the drive of the honing spindle.
  • this requires a rotary feedthrough for the compressed air lines and, on the other hand, the pneumatic measurement signal has to cover the axial length of the spindle, the connecting rod and the honing tool.
  • the longer the distance to be covered by the pneumatic measurement signal the more sluggish is the detection of the local diameter and the more the signal is delayed or even deflected.
  • a mean value of the opening diameter was therefore measured dynamically, with averaging over the circumference and the axial extent of the opening.
  • the amplitude of the measuring signal which can be assigned to a real local bore diameter, was falsified when the measuring nozzle moved dynamically.
  • a determination of the local diameter with Resolution in the axial direction was not possible with conventional systems during honing, or at best with reduced axial speeds that were not suitable for series production.
  • due to the compressible nature of the gas used in pneumatic measurements it was not possible to determine an association between the time at which the measurement signals were input and a position in the workpiece opening in the conventional devices.
  • the signal converter is arranged on the connecting rod, this has the advantage that it is arranged outside of the workpiece bore/opening to be machined but close to the workpiece opening, so that the line length and therefore the inertia of the pneumatic measurement signal is small. It can be advantageous to arrange the signal converter as far as possible in the region of the joint (ie close to the joint) of the articulated rod with which it is connected to the honing tool.
  • the signal converter can be arranged on the honing tool itself in order to achieve the shortest possible path for the pneumatic signal from the measuring nozzle to the signal converter.
  • An arrangement on the honing tool itself requires additional shielding measures for the signal converter, since this is located in an area during honing in which it is exposed to cooling lubricants.
  • the signal converter can be in the area of the spindle around the joint with which the spindle is coupled to the joint rod is to be arranged. As a result, the signal converter is not influenced by changes in the position of the connecting rod.
  • the signal converter can communicate the measurement signals to a control unit in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the control unit in turn, can use the measurement signals to correspondingly control the electromechanical delivery system and/or the lifting movement.
  • the honing tool can include at least 2 air measuring nozzles. If 2 air measuring nozzles are provided, they can be arranged diametrically opposite one another. At least 3 air measuring nozzles can also be provided. Several air measuring nozzles can be distributed evenly around the circumference of the honing tool. The measurement accuracy can be increased as a result. Individual local roundness errors are leveled out as a result.
  • the air measuring nozzles can be arranged in one plane, ie at the same axial height. Air measuring nozzles can be provided at different axial positions. All arranged measuring nozzles can be fed to a joint evaluation, which results in a measured value. The pneumatic signal can therefore be averaged before it is converted into an electrical signal.
  • the wiring and/or the signal converter can be designed accordingly for this purpose.
  • the measurements of individual measuring nozzles can also be evaluated separately from each other. If the measurements of individual measuring nozzles or measuring nozzle pairs are carried out separately evaluated from each other, diameter dimensions are available at different locations of the bore at the same time.
  • Honing stones of the honing elements can have an extension in the axial direction that is less than a machining radius of the honing tool.
  • the axial extent can be less than 70%, in particular 50%, in particular 33% of the machining radius of the honing tool.
  • the machining radius of the honing tool means the radius of the honing stones in the maximum state in which they are fed radially outwards.
  • the honing stones can have a minimum length of 10mm, in particular 12mm, in particular 15mm.
  • a minimum length leads to a minimum service life, with the specified length specification enabling large-scale use of the device or application of the method.
  • a strain length can be defined as the length along the axial extent beginning at the start of diameter expansion and ending at the end of diameter reduction.
  • the honing stones used or the area fitted with cutting lining
  • the honing stones used preferably have a length (axial extension) of at most 70% of the deformation length, in particular 60%, in particular 50%, in particular 40% of the deformation length.
  • a widening length can be defined as the length along the axial extent that begins at the beginning of the diameter expansion and at the end of the diameter expansion or the end of the bore ends.
  • the honing stones used, or the area of the honing elements equipped with a cutting layer preferably has a length (axial extent) of at most 70% of the expansion length, in particular 60%, in particular 50%, in particular 40% of the expansion length. It can also be provided that honing is carried out with an overflow, that is, that the honing stones move out of the opening at the end of the diameter enlargement.
  • the overflow can be between 10% and 90% of the length of the honing stones.
  • a bottle belly length as the sum of the length of the second larger constant diameter section and the length of the transition section.
  • the honing stones used, or the area of the honing elements equipped with a cutting layer preferably has a length (axial Extension) of at most 90% of the length of the bottle belly, in particular 80%, in particular 60%, in particular 50% of the length of the bottle belly. It can also be provided that honing is carried out with an overflow, that is, that the honing stones move out of the opening at the end of the diameter enlargement. The overflow can be between 10% and 90% of the length of the honing stones.
  • the delivery system may include an electromechanical motor.
  • the electromechanical motor can be coupled via a slot in the spindle to an infeed rod of an infeed system of the honing device running in the spindle.
  • the feed system can provide, for example, that the electromechanical motor can rotate a threaded worm, which engages with a corresponding threaded counterpart.
  • the threaded counter-piece can, for example, be coupled to the feed rod so that it can move in the axial direction, but can be rotated relative to it via a corresponding bearing.
  • the delivery system is coupled to the signal converter, for example via a control unit.
  • the delivery system can vary the delivery force of the honing elements depending on the measurement signals with high delivery dynamics.
  • the individual honing elements can be unconnected to one another, ie they can be moved individually. It can be provided that all honing elements of the honing tool can be radially advanced by means of a common infeed cone. One honing stone can be present for each honing element. It can also be provided that a honing element comprises several honing stones.
  • this is converted from an initial shape into a target shape by a shaping honing machining step.
  • the initial shape and the target shape differ in their shape in such a way that at least 2 locations of the workpiece opening have a different diameter difference between the initial shape and the target shape.
  • Shaping honing to change the workpiece opening from the initial shape to the target shape is performed using a honing apparatus as described in this application.
  • the honing elements for generating the different diameter differences are infed with locally different force against the opening wall to be machined. The honing elements are thus pressed against the opening wall with different forces at different axial positions. The infeed force thus varies over the lifting or lowering movement of the honing tool.
  • measuring signals are recorded by the measuring device, which characterize the local diameter of the workpiece opening.
  • the force with which the honing elements are fed against the opening wall to be machined is adjusted during the honing process as a function of the measurement signals recorded during the honing process.
  • the force with which the honing elements are fed against the opening wall to be machined the infeed force, i.e. varies depending on the measurement signals.
  • the infeed force is not only varied in a predetermined manner depending on the axial position of the honing tool in the workpiece opening, but also the measurement signals recorded during the honing process are taken into account when determining the infeed force to be used in each case.
  • the infeed force can be kept constant at a given axial position over the duration of the machining. however, it is also possible for the infeed force to vary over time at a particular axial position. Typically, the infeed force is reduced at a respective axial position in order to achieve less material removal when approaching the target shape and thus approach the target shape more precisely.
  • the local infeed force can therefore be determined and set based on the current position of the honing tool, the target shape and the measurement signals recorded in each case.
  • the measurement signals characterize the current state or diameter of the workpiece opening.
  • Conventional honing methods used either a previously determined shape of the opening or an assumption about the shape and based on this determined a sequence of honing.
  • the infeed force can dynamically increase based on the current actual shape determined in the process (characterized by the measurement signals) and the immediate comparison with the target shape be adjusted to the removal that is still required locally to achieve the target shape.
  • the initial shape of the workpiece opening can be recorded or checked by means of a measuring stroke, in which the honing elements have no material-removing contact with the bore wall, which is carried out with the honing tool of the honing device.
  • a separate measuring stroke can be carried out with increased accuracy. By using the honing tool itself, this can be done in a time-saving and efficient manner.
  • the measuring stroke can be carried out rotating (with a rotating honing tool).
  • a rotating measuring hub can provide more accurate measurements.
  • the measuring stroke can be carried out at rotational speeds of more than 200 rpm. Any circumferential dimensional fluctuation can be mediated or averaged out in this way.
  • the shape of the workpiece opening can be recorded or checked by means of a measuring stroke, in which the honing elements have no material-removing contact with the bore wall, which is carried out with the honing tool of the honing device. A comparison can be made with the desired target shape.
  • the shaping honing can include a honing step with a changing stroke length, wherein a honing step with a contact pressure of the honing elements that varies over the length of the opening on the honing step with a changing stroke length Stroke length follows in time.
  • the infeed force can be kept constant or additionally varied over the length machined per stroke.
  • An initial pre-processing can be done by processing with a changing stroke length and the final shaping by processing with a contact pressure that varies over the opening length. Machining with a changing stroke length can therefore be part of the shaping machining.
  • the target shape can comprise at least one area along a machined length of the workpiece opening, which has a larger or smaller diameter than an area in front of and behind in the axial direction.
  • the target shape can therefore be bulbous, for example.
  • the target shape can also include a local sidecut. Shapes of this type can be produced particularly advantageously using the method according to the invention, since this enables precise creation of locally variable diameters.
  • the target shape can include a cylindrical area and a conically expanding area.
  • the target shape may include another cylindrical portion with a larger diameter than the other cylindrical portion.
  • the conical area can lie between the cylindrical areas in the axial direction.
  • the conical area can form the transition between the two cylindrical areas.
  • the target shape can be circular-cylindrical and the initial shape can deviate from a circular-cylindrical shape.
  • the target shapes are circular in cross-section, but the diameter of each cross-section may vary along the length of the orifice.
  • Important target shapes within the meaning of the present invention can be shapes in which the diameter of the respective circular cross sections increases over the length but does not decrease again in the longitudinal direction. These can also be referred to as purely widening forms.
  • Important target shapes can also be shapes that can be referred to as bulbous shapes. In such shapes, there is an area in which the diameter of the respective circular cross-sections initially increases over the length, followed by an area in the axial direction in which the diameter of the circular cross-sections decreases again in the axial direction.
  • Important target shapes can also be shapes that can be referred to as waisted shapes.
  • waisted shapes it is provided that there is an area in which the diameter of the respective circular cross-sections initially decreases over the length and then in the axial direction there is an area in which the diameter of the circular cross-sections increases again in the axial direction.
  • figure 1 shows a honing device 10 for machining a workpiece opening 24.
  • the honing device 10 comprises a honing tool 12 with a plurality of radially advanceable honing elements 14 distributed around the circumference of the honing tool 12.
  • the honing elements 14 comprise honing stones 32 and a substructure 34.
  • the honing device 10 further comprises a connecting rod 16 and a spindle 18, the honing tool 12 is coupled in an articulated manner to the spindle 18 via the articulated rod 16 .
  • the articulated coupling is formed via a first swivel joint 36 and a second swivel joint 38 .
  • the swivel joints 36, 38 form the connection to the spindle 18 and the honing tool 12 at the ends of the connecting rod 16, with the spindle 18 being designed to be set in an oscillatory translational movement with a superimposed rotational movement in relation to a workpiece 22 by means of a drive unit 20
  • the honing device 10 further comprises a measuring device 26 for measuring the diameter of the workpiece opening 24.
  • the measuring device 26 comprises a plurality of air measuring nozzles 28 arranged on the honing tool 12.
  • the respective air measuring nozzle 28 is arranged in an air measuring bar 30 which is arranged between two honing elements 14.
  • the air measuring nozzles 28 are supplied with compressed air via compressed air lines 40 .
  • the honing device 10 further includes an electromechanical feed system 42 ( figure 2 ), above which the honing elements 14 can be delivered in the radial direction R.
  • the infeed system 42 includes a force measuring unit 44 and is designed to infeed the honing elements 14 with a predeterminable force against an opening wall 52 of the workpiece opening 24 to be machined.
  • the honing device 10 includes a signal converter 54 which is designed to convert a pneumatic measurement signal detected via the air measuring nozzle 28 into an electrical signal, with the signal converter 54 being arranged on the honing device 10 .
  • the signal converter 54 is arranged on the link rod 16 . It can also be arranged on the honing tool 12 . It can also be arranged on the spindle 18, preferably in the area of the joint 36.
  • the signal converter 54 can communicate the measurement signals to a control unit 56 by cable or, as illustrated here, wirelessly.
  • the control unit 56 in turn can use the measurement signals to control the electromechanical delivery system 42 accordingly.
  • the honing stones 32 of the honing elements 14 have an extension 66 in an axial direction A, which in 7 is shown.
  • the extension 66 can, as in the example of FIG figure 1 be less than a machining radius 68 of the honing tool 12.
  • the delivery system 42 includes an electromechanical motor 46, in particular via a slot 48 in the Spindle 18 is coupled to a feed rod 50 running in the spindle 18 of a feed system 42 of the honing device 10, which in figure 2 is shown.
  • the electromechanical motor 46 can rotate a threaded worm 43 which is in engagement with a corresponding threaded counterpart 41 .
  • the threaded counterpart 41 is coupled for movement in the axial direction A to the feed rod 50 , but can be rotated relative to this via a corresponding bearing 58 .
  • the individual honing elements 14 are not connected to one another. And as in the example of 7 shown, all honing elements 14 of the honing tool 12 can be radially advanced by means of a common feed cone 70 .
  • One honing stone 32 can be present for each honing element 14 .
  • FIG 3 a classic honing process is illustrated.
  • An initial shape 60 and a target shape 62 are both circular-cylindrical.
  • the force F with which the honing elements 14 or honing stones 32 are pressed against the wall 52 of the workpiece opening 24 during this machining is constant over the axial length and the duration of the machining, since the desired material removal is also nominally constant at all points of the bore.
  • FIG 4 honing according to the invention is illustrated.
  • the infeed force F used varies over the axial extent of the opening 24.
  • the arrow with the reference symbol t illustrates that the force F used also varies over time.
  • a bulging initial shape 60 is converted into a circular-cylindrical target shape 62 .
  • the infeed force is dynamically minimized at the points of the hole (here in the middle of the hole) where the target diameter is already present.
  • figure 5 1 illustrates honing according to the invention, in which a circular-cylindrical initial shape 60 is converted into a bulbous target shape 62 .
  • the force F used varies over the axial extent of the opening 24. It is illustrated by means of the arrow with the reference symbol t that the force F used also varies over time.
  • the infeed force is dynamically maximized at the locations of the hole (here in the middle of the hole) where the most material has to be removed in order to reach the target shape.
  • a circular-cylindrical starting shape 60 is converted into a bottle-like target shape 62 .
  • the bottle-like target shape 62 comprises two circular-cylindrical sections with different diameters, which are connected via a substantially conical section.
  • the infeed force is low in the upper circular-cylindrical section, since the required material removal is also low here.
  • the feed force is high in the lower circular-cylindrical section.
  • the initial shape 60 and the target shape 62 each have a different diameter difference between the initial shape 60 and the target shape 62 at at least 2 points of the workpiece opening 24 .
  • the shaping honing to change the workpiece opening 24 from the initial shape 60 to the target shape 62 is carried out in each case using a honing device 10 such as that shown, for example, in figure 1 is illustrated.
  • measurement signals are recorded by the measuring device 26, which characterize the local diameter of the workpiece opening 24, and the force with which the honing elements 14 are delivered against the opening wall 52 to be machined is determined during the honing as a function of the measurement signals recorded during the honing adjusted to achieve the target shape.
  • the initial shape 60 of the workpiece opening 24 was recorded by means of a measuring stroke in which the honing elements 14 had no material-removing contact with the bore wall and which was carried out with the honing tool 12 of the honing device 10 .
  • the shape of the workpiece opening 24 is determined by means of a measuring stroke in which the honing elements 14 do not have any material-removing contact have the bore wall and which is carried out with the honing tool 12 of the honing device 10 is checked.
  • the openings 24 are in the Figures 8 to 10 shown in section and cut in half.
  • FIG 8 shows an illustration of creating a bulbous target shape 62.
  • a bulbous target shape 62 is created and a strain length 100 is defined as the length along the axial extent beginning at the start of a diameter increase 104 and ending at the end of the diameter decrease 106 .
  • the strain length 100 is usually less than an aperture length 102 (length of the aperture machined) but may extend the entire aperture length 102 .
  • a region of the honing elements equipped with a cutting layer has the extent 66 which, with such processing, is in particular at most 70% of the deformation length, in particular 60%, in particular 50%, in particular 40% of the deformation length.
  • FIG 9 shows an illustration of creating a bottle-like target shape 62.
  • a bottle-like target shape 62 is created, which has a circular-cylindrical first section 110 with a first constant diameter and a circular-cylindrical second section 112 with a second, larger constant diameter, which a Transition section 114, which includes an expanding diameter, are connected.
  • a bottle body length 108 is defined as the sum of the length of the second section 112 with the second, larger constant diameter and the length of the transition section 114.
  • the area of the honing elements equipped with a cutting lining can in particular have an axial extent 66 of at most 90% of the bottle body length 108, in particular 80%, in particular 60%, in particular 50% of the bottle belly length.
  • honing can be carried out with an overflow, in which the honing stones move out of the opening at the end of the diameter increase.
  • the overflow can be between 10% and 90%, in particular 20% to 80%, in particular 30% to 70%, of the length of the area 66 of the honing elements equipped with the cutting layer.
  • figure 10 12 is an illustration of creating a target shape that flares toward an opening end 122.
  • a target shape 62 that flares toward an opening end 122 is created.
  • the flaring region 120 opens into the opening end 122.
  • a flaring length 124 is defined as the length along the axial extent that begins at the beginning of a diameter expansion or the flaring region 120 and at the end of the opening 122 into which the diameter expansion 120 ends.
  • the area of the honing elements equipped with a cutting layer can in particular have an axial extension 66 of at most 70% of the expansion length 124, in particular 60%, in particular 50%, in particular 40% of the expansion length 124. In particular, honing can be carried out with an overflow.
  • the honing elements can therefore at the end of Extend the diameter enlargement 120 out of the opening 24, in particular with the overflow extending between 10% and 90% (10% to 90% of the area fitted with the cutting layer extends out of the opening 24), in particular between 20% to 80%, in particular between 30% to 70% of the length (extension 66) of the area of the honing elements 14 equipped with the cutting layer.
  • FIG 11 shows a honing device 10 for machining a workpiece opening 24.
  • the honing device 10 in figure 11 includes a honing tool 12 and a spindle 18 similar to those of FIG figure 1 are trained.
  • the honing device 10 comprises a coupling rod 130 instead of an articulated rod 16 , the honing tool 12 being rigidly coupled to the spindle 18 via the coupling rod 130 .
  • the coupling rod 130 is connected to the spindle 18 and the honing tool 12 via rigid coupling devices 136 and 138 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de rodage (10) destiné à usiner une ouverture de pièce (24), comprenant un outil de rodage (12) avec une pluralité d'éléments de rodage (14) qui sont disposés de manière à être répartis autour de la circonférence de l'outil de rodage (12) et peuvent être avancés radialement, une tige articulée (16) ou une tige de couplage (130), et une broche (18), dans lequel l'outil de rodage (12) est soit couplé de manière articulée par ladite tige articulée (16) à la broche (18) soit couplé rigidement par la tige de couplage (130) à la broche (18), dans lequel la broche (18) est conçue pour être entraînée au moyen d'une unité d'entraînement (20) de manière à ce que le dispositif de rodage (10) soit animé d'un mouvement de translation oscillatoire avec un mouvement de rotation superposé par rapport à une pièce (22),
    dans lequel le dispositif de rodage (10) comprend un dispositif de mesure (26) destiné à mesurer le diamètre de l'ouverture de pièce (24) avec au moins une buse de mesure d'air (28) disposée sur l'outil de rodage (12),
    dans lequel le dispositif de rodage (10) comprend en outre un système d'avance électromécanique (42) par lequel les éléments de rodage (14) peuvent être avancés dans la direction radiale (R), dans lequel le système d'avance (42) comprend une unité de mesure de force (44) et est conçu pour déplacer les éléments de rodage (14) avec une force (F) prédéterminable contre une paroi d'ouverture (52) de l'ouverture de pièce (24) à usiner,
    ainsi qu'un convertisseur de signal (54) qui est conçu pour convertir un signal de mesure pneumatique détecté par l'intermédiaire de la buse de mesure d'air (28) en un signal électrique, dans lequel le convertisseur de signal (54) est disposé sur le dispositif de rodage (10), en particulier sur la tige articulée (16) ou sur la tige de couplage ou sur l'outil de rodage (12).
  2. Dispositif de rodage (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'outil de rodage (12) comprend au moins 2 buses de mesure d'air (28) qui, en particulier, sont disposées de manière à être diamétralement opposées l'une à l'autre, en particulier au moins 3 buses de mesure d'air (28) qui, en particulier, sont disposées de manière à être uniformément réparties autour la circonférence de l'outil de rodage (12).
  3. Dispositif de rodage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des pierres de rodage (32) des éléments de rodage (14) présentent une extension (66) dans une direction axiale (A) qui est inférieure à un rayon d'usinage (68) de l'outil de rodage (12), en particulier inférieure à 70 %, en particulier 50 %, en particulier 33 % du rayon d'usinage (68) de l'outil de rodage (12).
  4. Dispositif de rodage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le système d'avance (42) comprend un moteur électromécanique (46) qui, en particulier, est couplé via une fente (48) dans la broche (18) à une tige d'avance (50) d'un système d'avance (42) du dispositif de rodage (10), laquelle s'étend dans la broche (18).
  5. Dispositif de rodage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les éléments de rodage (14) individuels ne sont pas reliés les uns aux autres, en particulier tous les éléments de rodage (14) de l'outil de rodage (12) pouvant être avancés radialement au moyen d'un cône d'avance (70) commun, dans lequel, en particulier, respectivement une pierre de rodage (32) est présente par élément de rodage (14).
  6. Procédé pour usiner par rodage une ouverture de pièce (24) d'une forme initiale (60) en une forme cible (62), dans lequel la forme initiale (60) et la forme cible (62) se distinguent l'une de l'autre quant à leur forme de telle manière qu'il y a une différence de diamètre différente entre la forme initiale (60) et la forme cible (62) sur au moins 2 points de l'ouverture de pièce (24), caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à un usinage de rodage de mise en forme pour modifier l'ouverture de pièce (24) de la forme initiale (60) en la forme cible (62) en utilisant un dispositif de rodage (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, pour générer les différentes différences de diamètre, les éléments de rodage (14) sont déplacés avec une force localement différente contre la paroi d'ouverture (52) à usiner, et des signaux de mesure qui caractérisent le diamètre local de l'ouverture de pièce (24) sont enregistrés au moyen du dispositif de mesure (26) pendant l'usinage de rodage, et que la force avec laquelle les éléments de rodage (14) sont déplacés contre la paroi d'ouverture (52) à usiner est adaptée pendant l'usinage de rodage en fonction des signaux de mesure enregistrés lors de l'usinage de rodage.
  7. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel, avant le début de l'usinage de rodage de mise en forme, la forme initiale (60) de l'ouverture de pièce (24) est détectée ou contrôlée au moyen d'une course de mesure dans laquelle les éléments de rodage (14) n'ont pas de contact à enlèvement de matière avec la paroi d'alésage et laquelle est effectuée avec l'outil de rodage (12) du dispositif de rodage (10).
  8. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel, après avoir achevé l'usinage de rodage de mise en forme, la forme de l'ouverture de pièce (24) est détectée ou contrôlée au moyen d'une course de mesure dans laquelle les éléments de rodage (14) n'ont pas de contact à enlèvement de matière avec la paroi d'alésage et laquelle est effectuée avec l'outil de rodage (12) du dispositif de rodage (10).
  9. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel l'usinage de rodage de mise en forme comprend une étape de rodage avec une longueur de course variable, dans lequel l'étape de rodage avec la longueur de course variable est suivie temporellement dune étape de rodage avec une force de pression des éléments de rodage (14) qui varie sur la longueur d'ouverture.
  10. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel la forme cible (62) le long d'une longueur usinée de l'ouverture de pièce (24) comprend au moins une zone qui présente un diamètre qui est supérieur ou inférieur à celui d'une zone située respectivement en amont et en aval dans la direction axiale.
  11. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, dans lequel la forme cible (62) comprend une zone cylindrique et une zone s'élargissant coniquement, en particulier dans lequel la forme cible (62) comprend une zone cylindrique supplémentaire ayant un diamètre supérieur à celui de l'autre zone cylindrique et dans lequel la zone conique est située entre les zones cylindriques dans la direction axiale.
  12. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel la forme cible (62) présente une forme de cylindre circulaire et la forme initiale (60) dévie d'une forme de cylindre circulaire.
  13. Procédé d'usinage de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel une forme cible bombée (62) est créée et une longueur de déformation (100) est définie comme la longueur le long de l'extension axiale qui commence au début d'un élargissement de diamètre (104) et se termine à la fin d'une réduction de diamètre (106), de préférence dans lequel la zone des éléments de rodage (14) qui est équipée d'un revêtement de coupe présente une extension axiale (66) de 70 % tout au plus de la longueur de déformation (100), en particulier de 60 %, en particulier de 50 %, en particulier de 40 % de la longueur de déformation (100).
  14. Procédé de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel une forme cible (62) qui s'élargit vers une extrémité d'ouverture (122) est créée, dans laquelle la zone s'élargissant (120) débouche dans l'extrémité d'ouverture (122), et une longueur d'élargissement (124) est définie comme la longueur le long de l'extension axiale qui commence au début d'un élargissement de diamètre (120) et se termine à l'extrémité d'ouverture (122) dans laquelle débouche l'élargissement de diamètre (120), de préférence dans lequel la zone des éléments de rodage (14) qui est équipée du revêtement de coupe présente une extension axiale (66) de 70 % tout au plus de la longueur d'élargissement (124), en particulier de 60 %, en particulier de 50 %, en particulier de 40 % de la longueur d'élargissement (124), en particulier dans lequel le rodage est effectué avec un dépassement, c'est-à-dire que les éléments de rodage (14) sortent de l'ouverture (24) à l'extrémité de l'élargissement de diamètre (120), en particulier dans lequel le dépassement est compris entre 10 % et 90 % de l'extension axiale (66) de la zone des éléments de rodage qui est équipée de revêtement de coupe.
  15. Procédé de rodage d'une ouverture de pièce (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel une forme cible (62) de type bouteille est créée qui présente une première section de forme de cylindre circulaire (110) avec un premier diamètre constant et une deuxième section de forme de cylindre circulaire (112) avec un deuxième diamètre constant plus grand qui sont reliées par une section de transition (114) ayant un diamètre s'élargissant, dans lequel une longueur de corps de bouteille (108) est définie comme la somme de la longueur de la deuxième section (112) avec le deuxième diamètre constant plus grand et la longueur de la section de transition (114), en particulier dans lequel la zone des éléments de rodage (14) qui est équipée du revêtement de coupe présente une extension axiale (66) de 90 % tout au plus de la longueur de corps de bouteille (108), en particulier de 80 %, en particulier de 60 %, en particulier de 50 % de la longueur de corps de bouteille (108), en particulier dans lequel le rodage est effectué avec un dépassement dans lequel les éléments de rodage sortent de l'ouverture (24) à la fin de la deuxième section de forme de cylindre circulaire (112), dans lequel en particulier le dépassement est compris entre 10 % et 90 % de l'extension (66) de la zone des éléments de rodage (14) qui est équipée du revêtement de coupe.
EP21711499.0A 2020-03-12 2021-03-08 Outil et procédé d'usinage par rodage d'une ouverture dans une pièce Active EP3914420B1 (fr)

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DE102020106871.9A DE102020106871A1 (de) 2020-03-12 2020-03-12 Verfahren zur Honbearbeitung einer Werkstücköffnung
PCT/EP2021/055763 WO2021180641A1 (fr) 2020-03-12 2021-03-08 Procédé d'usinage par rodage d'une ouverture dans une pièce

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DE102004051145C5 (de) 2004-10-20 2021-03-18 Marposs Monitoring Solutions Gmbh Sensorsystem für eine spanabhebende Werkzeugmaschine und spanabhebende Werkzeugmaschine mit einem Sensorsystem
ATE482792T1 (de) * 2006-12-12 2010-10-15 Nagel Masch Werkzeug Verfahren zur feinbearbeitung zylindrischer innenflächen von bohrungen sowie feinbearbeitungsanlage hierfür
DE102007063200B4 (de) * 2007-12-19 2010-10-21 Kadia Produktion Gmbh + Co. Verfahren zum Feinbearbeiten mindestens eines Werkstücks mit Hilfe eines Rotationswerkzeugs und eine Feinbearbeitungsvorrichtung
DE102010020931A1 (de) 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung einer Zylinderbohrung mit geometrisch bestimmter und geometrisch unbestimmter Schneide
DE102013204714B4 (de) 2013-03-18 2024-06-06 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Honwerkzeug
DE102017210187A1 (de) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-20 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Konturhonen

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