EP3910237A2 - Agencement de brûleur et tôle de distribution - Google Patents

Agencement de brûleur et tôle de distribution Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3910237A2
EP3910237A2 EP21172729.2A EP21172729A EP3910237A2 EP 3910237 A2 EP3910237 A2 EP 3910237A2 EP 21172729 A EP21172729 A EP 21172729A EP 3910237 A2 EP3910237 A2 EP 3910237A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
ionization
openings
burner body
distributor plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21172729.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3910237B1 (fr
EP3910237A3 (fr
EP3910237C0 (fr
Inventor
Markus Polus
Thomas Ernst
Mira Engel
Andreas Andreas Kipp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP3910237A2 publication Critical patent/EP3910237A2/fr
Publication of EP3910237A3 publication Critical patent/EP3910237A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3910237B1 publication Critical patent/EP3910237B1/fr
Publication of EP3910237C0 publication Critical patent/EP3910237C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for a gas heater for heating buildings and / or service water with an ionization electrode, in particular a burner arrangement with an ionization electrode in a combustion chamber of a gas heater.
  • This is not only about large systems, but also about wall-mounted devices for heating water and generally about heating devices for heating buildings and / or the provision of warm water.
  • Modern heating devices are operated with premix burners, with monitoring and regulation often being carried out by means of an ionization measurement.
  • Such burners are for example in the EP 3293455 A1 or the EP 1036984 B3 described.
  • an ionization electrode is arranged in the vicinity of a burner body in a combustion chamber, the burner body having a predeterminable hole pattern.
  • the fuel gas-air mixture exits through the holes in this hole pattern, is ignited and burns in the combustion chamber.
  • the resulting flames form a so-called flame carpet corresponding to the hole pattern, the ionization electrode being in the area of the flames.
  • the hole pattern (mostly made up of holes and / or slots) is determined according to the design of the burner body, the combustion chamber, the type of fuel gas and other criteria.
  • the burner body is often used in cylindrically shaped combustion chambers made of sheet metal rolled into a cylinder, which already has the hole pattern and leads to a largely cylinder-symmetrical carpet of flames in the combustion chamber.
  • the requirements for the hole pattern are essentially determined by factors such as the design and / or the needs, requirements, etc. of an ionization measurement and control system. These include, in particular, the highest possible modulation bandwidths which, in view of the control quality, should remain practically unchanged or constant over the life of the device.
  • the ionization electrode is detected differently by the carpet of flames. At higher power, the flames are larger and lift farther from the burner body than at lower power.
  • An ionization signal in the form of an ionization current is evaluated with the integration of the ionization electrode in a closed circuit and used for monitoring and, if necessary, regulating the heater.
  • a "control” is understood here in particular as the mixture formation of the combustion partners, which results in a lambda value for the combustion products after the combustion (the air ratio lambda indicates the ratio of air to fuel gas compared to a stoichiometric ratio).
  • the problem is therefore to detect and evaluate changes in the ionization signal over the broadest possible load range of the burner in the course of aging in order to obtain constant mixture control over the service life of the device.
  • orifices and distribution devices in the gas-air path (in the direction of flow) in front of the burner surface are mainly used for the purpose of homogenizing the internal pressure of the burner for the purpose of uniform flame distribution, or in the case of mixture formation on the pressure side (pressure side of the fan) to mix the air and fuel gas.
  • One concept for increasing the burner surface load in the area of the ionization electrode is an increase in the flame density (local increase in surface load) which is achieved by additionally introducing perforations in the burner surface, which leads to an amplification of the necessary measurement signal.
  • This concept is based, for example, on the EP 1036984 emerged.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art.
  • a burner arrangement is to be created that can be produced inexpensively and nevertheless can be adapted to the needs of an ionization measurement, so that adequate ionization measurement signal provision for lambda control is possible over a wide range.
  • a simple adaptation of a burner body, the hole pattern of which is designed and / or optimized for other purposes, in the area of an ionization electrode to the requirements of an ionization measurement for determining the lambda value should be possible.
  • an object of the invention is therefore to provide a burner design which enables the highest possible modulation ranges but also age-related changes in the ionization signal control system via (ADA) corrections. It is about ionization current profiles that are as constant as possible within the modulation bandwidth, but also special curve characteristics for ionization current profiles of the modulation points (constant speeds) as a function of lambda, which for Age-related changes in the ionization signal control system can be used.
  • a burner arrangement with a burner body which has an inner surface and an outer surface as well as a pattern of openings for the passage of an air-fuel gas mixture, and an ionization electrode with an electrode length that is at a distance from the outer surface of the burner body and essentially runs parallel to this, with a bleaching present which changes the pattern of openings in the area of the ionization electrode by at least partially covering some of the openings.
  • a distributor plate in the area of the ionization electrode above and / or below the burner surface influences the curve characteristics with a special hole pattern as required. The arrangement of the opening pattern and the hole pattern of the distributor plate is taken into account.
  • This is in particular a gas burner, which forms two burner surfaces arranged parallel to one another, consisting of a distributor plate (burner-gas-air mixture flowing in) and a burner body (side facing the combustion chamber).
  • a burner (surface) arrangement can be formed with a distributor plate which forms an inner surface of the burner arrangement and a burner body which forms an outer surface of the burner arrangement. Patterns of openings and / or holes for the passage of an air-fuel gas mixture can be provided both on the distributor plate and on the burner body.
  • the distributor plate and the burner body are regularly arranged coaxially with one another.
  • an ionization electrode is provided with an electrode length which runs at a distance from the outer surface of the burner body and essentially parallel to it.
  • the burner surface of the burner body directly assigned to the ionization electrode can have a surface section with a homogeneous, evenly distributed open opening structure (openings / slots) in the axial and radial directions, wherein the ionization electrode can be aligned centrally to this surface section.
  • the distributor plate which is arranged on the inside of the burner body (i.e. the side from which the burner-gas-air mixture flows in) and is aligned parallel to the burner surface or the burner body, can have an alternately strongly open hole structure in the radial direction. This can e.g. B. be achieved by hole structure-free intermediate sections, still a symmetrically arranged hole structure is present.
  • the arrangement of the surfaces of the burner body and the distributor plate closest to the ionization electrode is designed in such a way that the hole structure of the distributor plate can be assigned parallel to the burner body in such a way that the surfaces of the larger degree of opening directly correspond to the hole structure of the smaller degree of opening of the burner body and vice versa assigned.
  • the described combination of the arrangement and design of both hole structures of the distributor plate and the burner surface can lead to a lambda-dependent homogeneity of the flame pattern in the area of the ionization electrode regardless of the load area of the burner. With With this measure, both high modulation bandwidths for stable regulation and lambda-dependent, steadily falling / rising ionization current profiles can be designed.
  • This solution can improve the mixture distribution of the fuel in a defined area of the inner surface (in the direction of flow in front of the burner surface) of a burner for gas-fired heating devices in such a way that a flame image is generated over the modulation area of the heat load, which is used in combination with measuring equipment for the quantitative determination of an ionization current (usually ignition / ionization electrodes) delivers an ionization signal as high as possible above this burner surface area and / or over the entire modulation bandwidth.
  • an ionization current usually ignition / ionization electrodes
  • the course of the curve indicates a decreasing lambda course, a strongly flattening course.
  • a stable control signal independent of aging can be obtained for this control over the set modulation range of the heat load, or a corresponding ADA correction can be made possible.
  • the degree of modulation can be increased in that the ionization current provides an adequate signal for regulating the mixture formation over the widest possible modulation range.
  • the described concept of the distributor plate in combination with the combustion body ensures a load-modulation-dependent pressure equalization in the area of the ionization electrode and can influence the flames on the combustion body in such a way that they are If possible, always form the same distance to the electrode under all load and / or lambda variations of the combustion.
  • the distributor plate is preferably arranged on the inner surface of the burner body.
  • the distribution plate is preferably positioned opposite the inside of the combustion element in such a way that the defined perforation influences the flame pattern on the ionization electrode in the desired manner. It can be attached to the flange of the burner together with the burner body, for example by welding, screws, rivets or the like.
  • the distribution plate is preferred on the pressure side, i. H. positioned on the side against which the gas mixture flows. A gap of approx. 6 mm to 8 mm can be provided between the distributor plate and the burner body.
  • the distribution plate can have a length which corresponds at least to the electrode length and a width in the range from 1 to 10 cm [centimeters], preferably 2 to 6 cm.
  • the distributor plate can be designed in the manner of a circular or cylinder segment. In most cases, the surface of the distributor plate is essentially congruent to the surface of the burner body.
  • the holes in the distributor plate can be round and / or slit-shaped and release an opening area which can have a length which corresponds at least to the length of the electrode. Different opening areas of predeterminable openness can be provided by matching rows of holes / slots, e.g. B.
  • the distributor plate influences the amount of fuel gas-air mixture flowing out in the area of the ionization electrode and ensures pressure equalization in connection with the combustion body and its opening pattern, which can bring about a more uniform flow around the ionization electrode, which is less dependent on the output of the heater.
  • the distribution plate is particularly preferably a perforated plate, the holes of which make up (at most) 5 to 10% [percent], preferably in the range of 5 to 10%, of its area.
  • a corresponding proportion of openings in the burner body is completely or partially covered by the non-perforated surface of the distributor plate.
  • the openings in the burner body have the smallest dimension and the holes in the distributor plate are so large and have such a shape that 3 to 20 openings, preferably 4 to 16, are at least partially covered by one hole, in particular in the area directly below the ionization electrode.
  • the openings in a torch body are not necessarily all circular.
  • hole patterns with slots (and holes) but the smallest dimension of all openings is also determined by the fact that a flashback of flames into the burner body is to be avoided. Therefore, holes and slots usually have a smallest dimension in the range of 0.3 to 1.0 mm [millimeters].
  • slots can be significantly longer, for example 2 to 8 mm. So it can be B.
  • the holes are essentially circular and have a diameter of 1 to 5 mm, preferably 2 to 3 mm.
  • the distribution plate should be made of the same material or a material that is similar in thermal behavior to the burner body in order to avoid different expansions and thus thermal stresses during operation.
  • a distribution plate for attachment to an outer surface or an inner surface of a burner body also contributes to the solution of the object, the distribution plate having holes which make up 20 to 80% of its area.
  • the holes are essentially circular and have a diameter of 5 to 15 mm.
  • a staggered arrangement closest packing of spheres is advantageous.
  • the distribution plate preferably has the shape of a section from a cylindrical surface, an axial length of 5 to 20 cm, preferably 5 to 15 cm, and a width of 1 to 10 cm, preferably 2 to 6 cm.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a burner arrangement according to the invention for a heater with a burner body 3 and an ionization electrode 7. Both are typically attached (via a flange) to a so-called burner door 2.
  • the burner body 3 is cylindrical and protrudes with its axial extent into a combustion chamber 1.
  • the ionization electrode 7 extends at a distance of, for. B. 5 to 10 cm in the axial direction approximately parallel to an outer surface 5 of the burner body 3 and has an electrode length EL of z. B. 5 to 20 cm.
  • the torch body 3 has openings 6 which run from its inner surface 4 to the outer surface 5. A mixture of fuel gas and air can flow through this in order to be burned in the combustion chamber 1, with flames 11 being generated.
  • the openings 6 can be circular and / or slot-shaped, each with a smallest dimension of approximately 0.3 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm. In most cases, they are arranged in the form of patterns, the size and pattern of the openings depending, among other things, on the fuel gas to be burned, the geometry of the burner body, combustion chamber and the power range of the heater. However, the pattern is not always suitable for correctly approaching an ionization electrode 7 over a wide power range. According to the invention, this is achieved by a distribution plate 8 with holes 9, which is arranged on the outer surface 5 or the inner surface 4 in the region 10 of the ionization electrode 7.
  • the holes 9 are dimensioned and designed in such a way that they each leave several openings 6 of the burner body 3 completely or partially free, while closed subregions of the distributor plate 8 completely or partially cover numerous openings 6.
  • An area 10 with fewer flames 11 than in the rest of the combustion chamber 1 is thus created around the ionization electrode 7, as a result of which the measurement accuracy is improved over a large power range.
  • a torch body 3 with a different one does not have to be used for every attempt Hole pattern can be produced.
  • the distributor plate 8 is also suitable for retrofitting existing burner bodies 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows a distribution plate 8 with holes 9 (here circular) which have a diameter D of 2.5 to 3.5 mm.
  • the distribution plate 8 has the shape of a section from the outer surface of a cylinder, a length L in the axial direction of 5 to 20 cm and a width B of 1 to 10 cm.
  • the approximate size of openings 6 of a burner body 3 is indicated by way of example.
  • the present invention makes it possible to expand the applicability and / or accuracy of an ionization measuring system with simple means and to regulate heating devices equipped therewith in a broad power range.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP21172729.2A 2020-05-12 2021-05-07 Agencement de brûleur et tôle de distribution Active EP3910237B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020112813 2020-05-12

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3910237A2 true EP3910237A2 (fr) 2021-11-17
EP3910237A3 EP3910237A3 (fr) 2022-02-23
EP3910237B1 EP3910237B1 (fr) 2024-06-12
EP3910237C0 EP3910237C0 (fr) 2024-06-12

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EP21172729.2A Active EP3910237B1 (fr) 2020-05-12 2021-05-07 Agencement de brûleur et tôle de distribution

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EP (1) EP3910237B1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1036984A1 (fr) 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 G. Kromschröder Aktiengesellschaft Brûleur à prémélange gazeux
EP3293455A1 (fr) 2016-09-12 2018-03-14 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Brûleur à gaz

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5240411A (en) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-31 Mor-Flo Industries, Inc. Atmospheric gas burner assembly
FR2706986B1 (fr) * 1993-06-21 1995-09-01 Mts Sa
ITMO20070167A1 (it) * 2007-05-21 2008-11-22 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore modulante
DE102012014009A1 (de) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Flächenbrenner und Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Flammenbildung bei einem Flächenbrenner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1036984A1 (fr) 1999-03-18 2000-09-20 G. Kromschröder Aktiengesellschaft Brûleur à prémélange gazeux
EP1036984B3 (fr) 1999-03-18 2009-09-23 ELSTER GmbH Brûleur à prémélange pour combustibles gazeux
EP3293455A1 (fr) 2016-09-12 2018-03-14 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG Brûleur à gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3910237B1 (fr) 2024-06-12
EP3910237A3 (fr) 2022-02-23
EP3910237C0 (fr) 2024-06-12

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