EP3901518B1 - Brûleur modulaire amélioré - Google Patents

Brûleur modulaire amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3901518B1
EP3901518B1 EP21170052.1A EP21170052A EP3901518B1 EP 3901518 B1 EP3901518 B1 EP 3901518B1 EP 21170052 A EP21170052 A EP 21170052A EP 3901518 B1 EP3901518 B1 EP 3901518B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
emission
burner according
mixer
openings
plane
Prior art date
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EP21170052.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3901518A1 (fr
Inventor
Gabriele GANGALE
Sandro Lugli
Ettore ETENZI
Luca Barozzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beckett Thermal Solutions SRL
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Beckett Thermal Solutions SRL
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Publication of EP3901518A1 publication Critical patent/EP3901518A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/08—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with axial outlets at the burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular burner which may be used, for example, in a wall-mounted boiler.
  • the invention refers to a modular burner comprising a plurality of mixer modules, also called “ramps", positioned side by side.
  • Each mixer module normally comprises a flow conduit for the air-fuel mixture.
  • the flow conduit is bent into a U shape, i.e. it has a configuration comprising two portions that are slightly inclined relative to each other and connected by a curve that defines an angle not much smaller than 180°.
  • the flow conduit lies in a substantially vertical plane.
  • the upper portion of the flow conduit is in communication with a series of outlet openings with an elongate shape, arranged side by side on a substantially flat emission surface, which are intended to emit the mixture of air and combustible gas.
  • the emission surfaces of mixer modules lie in a main emission plane of the burner.
  • the lower portion of the flow conduit of each mixer module faces a nozzle for injecting the combustible gas, at a Venturi disposed substantially perpendicular to an inlet opening of the flow conduit.
  • the flow of combustible gas injected into the inlet of the flow conduit produces an entrainment through the Venturi of so-called primary air, which is mixed with the fuel inside the flow conduit.
  • the air-fuel mixture which flows out of the flow conduit through the outlet openings of the mixer module, feeds a flame that develops above the mixer module, in proximity to the outlet openings themselves.
  • Additional combustion air called secondary air, is fed to the flame from the surrounding environment, and in particular through the spaces separating the various adjacent mixer modules from one another.
  • An important geometric feature of modular burners is the ratio between the total area of the burner, considered as the total area of the emission surfaces of the mixer modules and of the spaces separating the emission surfaces, and the total area of the spaces between the emission surfaces of the mixer modules. Both areas are measured on the main emission plane of the burner.
  • the aforesaid ratio is about 0.3. This determines a very substantial contribution of secondary air to the completion of combustion.
  • the air-fuel mixture thus has a relatively low lambda (typically less than 1, i.e. less than the stochiometric ratio). This means that the flame temperature, in the sections closest to the outlet openings of the mixer modules, is above the critical value for the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx). This phenomenon is particularly accentuated towards low power regimes of the boiler and is certainly undesirable for obvious reasons tied to the containment of harmful emissions.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • An advantage of the burner according to the present invention is that of not requiring any particular modifications either to the structure of the wall-mounted boiler in which it is installed, or to the burner itself, which has an overall structure that is substantially analogous to that of the currently available burners.
  • Another advantage of the burner according to the present invention is that of enabling a more precise adjustment of the power delivered.
  • the modular burner (1) according to the present invention can be used in a boiler of the type schematically illustrated in figure 2 .
  • the burner (1) produces a flame that heats an overlying heat exchanger (3), in which a carrier fluid is circulated, the carrier fluid transporting the heat received towards the destinations provided for.
  • the fumes produced by combustion are sucked up by a fan (4) so as to be sent to an exhaust.
  • the modular burner according to the present invention comprises a plurality of mixer modules (10) positioned side by side.
  • the mixer modules have an overall flattened conformation and are arranged parallel, connected to one another by means of supporting brackets (20,30) which enable the burner (1) to be constrained to a support structure.
  • the mixer modules (10) are separated from one another by free spaces allowing the passage of air.
  • Each mixer module (10) comprises a flow conduit (11), i.e. a conduit for the passage of an air-fuel mixture.
  • the flow conduit (11) has a curved U configuration, in which a lower portion (11a) is connected to an upper portion (11b) by means of a curve (11c).
  • the upper portion (11b) can be inclined slightly upwards from the curve (11c).
  • the flow conduit (11) is provided with an inlet opening (12).
  • the inlet opening (12) is located at the end of the lower portion (11a).
  • the inlet opening (12) is intended to receive a predetermined flow of fuel emitted by a nozzle (2), which can be located in a frontal position relative to the inlet opening (12).
  • the flow conduit (11) is further provided with a Venturi (12a) located downstream of the inlet opening (12). In a known manner, the flow of fuel produced by the nozzle (2), by passing through the Venturi (12a), generates a negative pressure that produces suction of a certain flow of air through the inlet opening (12).
  • the flow conduit (11) is further provided with a plurality of outlet openings (13) arranged on an emission surface (14).
  • the outlet openings (13) are obtained through a plate with an elongate shape, substantially strip-like, which defines the emission surface (14).
  • the outlet openings (13) are elongate in shape and parallel to one another.
  • the mixer modules (10) are arranged in such a way that the emission surfaces (14) lie in an emission plane (100) of the burner.
  • the emission plane (100) is substantially a plane containing the emission surfaces (14), except in the event of misalignments due to the assembly of the mixer modules (10) and the effective geometry of the emission surfaces (14). In any case, the emission plane (100) contains the geometric projections of the emission surfaces (14).
  • the emission surfaces (14) are separated from one another by free surfaces (15).
  • the free surfaces (15), indicated by cross-hatching in figure 8 are substantially defined by the geometric projection, on the emission plane (100), of the spaces separating the mixer modules (10).
  • the emission surfaces (14) are instead indicated by slanting lines.
  • Each emission surface (14) has a width (D), measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal plane (Y) and understood as the distance separating two longitudinal edges of the emission surface itself, parallel to the longitudinal plane (Y).
  • two adjacent emission surfaces (14) are separated by a distance (S), measured perpendicularly to the longitudinal plane (Y) and understood as the distance separating the adjacent longitudinal edges of the two emission surfaces (14).
  • the ratio between the distance (S) separating two adjacent emission surfaces (14) and the width (D) of each emission surface (14) is comprised between 0.9 and 1.6.
  • the SID ratio is lower than 0.1.
  • the ratio between the distance (S) separating two adjacent emission surfaces (14) and the width (D) of each emission surface (14) is comprised between 0.4 and 0.7.
  • the mixer modules (10) are much closer to one another compared to what is provided for in the current modular burners. This reduces the space separating the mixer modules (10) from one another and thus reduces the free surfaces (15).
  • the flow of primary air that is drawn into the flow conduit (11) through the inlet opening (12) becomes preponderant.
  • the flow of primary air drawn into the flow conduit (11) through the inlet opening (12) substantially and mainly depends in turn on the negative pressure created by the fan (4) inside the boiler, whereas the effect of the negative pressure created by the flow of fuel passing through the Venturi (12a) becomes substantially negligible.
  • the flow of primary air and the flow of secondary air remain substantially constant with variations in the power regime of the boiler.
  • the power of the burner is adjusted by varying solely the flow of gas sent to the flow conduit, i.e. by varying the feed pressure of the gas to the nozzle (2).
  • the flow of primary air remains substantially constant with variations in the flow of fuel sent to the Venturi (12a).
  • the modular burner according to the invention and in particular thanks to the reduction in the flow of secondary air, it is possible to set the flow of primary air that is drawn into the flow conduit (11) of each mixer module (10) so that the primary lambda of the air-fuel mixture is relatively high, about 1.3, at the low operating powers of the burner ( figure 9 ), and decreases with increases in power until reaching a value of about 0.9 at the maximum of the burner power.
  • the lambda is equal to 1 at about 85% of the operating power of the burner.
  • the primary lambda of the air-fuel mixture is thus relatively high starting from low operating powers of the burner, thus also in proximity to the outlet openings (13) and the emission plane (100).
  • This feature makes it possible to maintain, from the early phases of combustion, the flame temperature below the typical values that cause the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx).
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • cooling of the flame below critical temperatures for the formation of NOx does not take place until after the contribution of secondary air, when nitrogen oxides have already formed in proximity to the emission plane (14).
  • the modular burner according to the present invention comprises a rear bracket (20) and a front bracket (30).
  • the mixer modules (10) are maintained parallel to one another, in the above-described position.
  • the brackets (20,30) enable the burner (1) to be constrained to a support structure.
  • the rear bracket (20) comprises a main portion (21), positioned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal plane (Y) and to the emission plane (100).
  • the main portion (21) is structured so as to be positioned facing a rear zone of the mixer modules (10), thus closing off the burner (1) from the rear.
  • the main portion (21) is provided with a plurality of through openings (22).
  • Each through opening has a defined area.
  • the overall area A of the through openings (22) is thus an area available for the flow of secondary air.
  • N is the total number of mixer modules (10) forming the burner (1)
  • S is the distance (S) separating two adjacent emission surfaces (14)
  • K A N ⁇ 1 S 2
  • the nondimensional parameter K is greater than 4. This enables the features of the burner to be further improved in terms of efficiency and reduction of NOx emissions.
  • the through openings (22) preferably have a circular shape and are arranged along two parallel rows, spaced apart at regular pitches. Preferably, two through openings (22) are aligned with each space separating two adjacent mixer modules (10).
  • the rear bracket (20) comprises a plurality of housings (23), each of the which is shaped so as to receive a respective rear coupling portion of a mixer module (10).
  • the housings (23) are in the form of slots fashioned in two wings (23a,23b) of the rear bracket (20) which project transversely to the main portion (21) towards the mixer modules (10).
  • the front bracket (30) comprises a main portion (31), positioned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal plane (Y) and to the emission plane (100), i.e. parallel to the main portion (21) of the rear bracket (20).
  • the main portion (31) is structured so as to be positioned facing a front zone of the mixer modules (10), thus closing off the burner (1) from the front.
  • the main portion (31) of the front bracket (30) is provided with a through opening (32).
  • the through opening (32) has an elongate slot shape and is positioned facing the inlet openings (12) of the conduits (11) of the mixer modules (10).
  • An elongate slot shape that is, without any bridges or transverse partitions, enables a free flow, without any substantial turbulence, towards the inlet openings (12) through the through opening (32).
  • the front bracket (30) comprises a plurality of housings (33), each of which is shaped so as to receive a respective rear coupling portion of a mixer module (10).
  • the housings (33) are in the form of slots fashioned half in an upper wing (33a), which projects transversely to the main portion (31) towards the mixer modules (10), and half on a lower rib (33b), located below the main portion (31) and turned towards the mixer modules (10).
  • the front bracket (30) further has a support foot (35), located below the main portion (31).
  • the foot (35) is defined by an edge of the front bracket (30) that is folded substantially perpendicular to the main portion (31), i.e. substantially parallel to the emission plane (100).
  • the foot (35) is facing back towards the mixer modules (10), but it could be facing forwards on the opposite side.
  • the foot (35) contributes to considerably stiffening the front bracket (30), partially weakened by the presence of the through opening (32).
  • the operating ratio between the total free area, given by the sum of the free surfaces (15) projected onto the emission plane (100), and the total area of the burner, given by the sum of the emission surfaces (14) and the free surfaces (15) projected onto the emission plane (100), is less than or equal to 0.2.
  • the above-described operating ratio is about 0.3.
  • the operating ratio is thus about 60% lower than the operating ratio provided for in the currently available burners.
  • the ratio between the total area of the outlet openings (13) and the area of the emission surface (14) is greater than 0.20 for each mixer module.
  • the aforesaid ratio is comprised between 0.20 and 0.30 for each mixer module (10).
  • the mixer modules (10) have standard dimensions that provide for a length (L) of the emission surface (14) of 160 mm
  • the mixer modules (10) are separated by a mounting pitch (P) of about 13 mm, measured as the distance between the average longitudinal planes of two adjacent modules (10), whereas in the current burners this pitch is comprised between 17 and 20.5mm.
  • the ratio between the length of the mixer modules (10) and the mounting pitch (P) is greater than 11, whereas in the current burners it at most 9.41. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the ratio is about 12.3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Brûleur modulaire comprenant une pluralité de modules mélangeurs (10) positionnés côte à côte et parallèlement à un plan longitudinal (Y), chacun d'eux ayant une longueur (L) mesurée parallèlement au plan longitudinal (Y), dans lequel chaque module mélangeur (10) comprend :
    un conduit d'écoulement (11) pourvu d'une ouverture d'entrée (12) et d'une pluralité d'ouvertures de sortie (13) disposées sur une surface d'émission (14) ;
    dans lequel les surfaces d'émission (14) reposent dans un plan d'émission (100) du brûleur ;
    dans lequel chaque surface d'émission (14) a une largeur (D), mesurée perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal (Y), et dans lequel deux surfaces d'émission (14) adjacentes sont séparées par une distance (S) mesurée perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal (Y) ;
    dans lequel le rapport entre la distance (S) et la largeur (D) est compris entre 0,4 et 0,7 ;
    caractérisé en ce que :
    il comprend un support arrière (20) pourvu d'une partie principale (21) comportant une pluralité d'ouvertures traversantes (22), dans lequel les ouvertures traversantes ont une surface totale A, caractérisé en ce qu'un paramètre non dimensionnel K : K = A N − 1 S 2
    Figure imgb0004
    est supérieur à 4, où N est le nombre total de modules mélangeurs (10) et s est la distance (S) séparant deux surfaces d'émission (14) adjacentes.
  2. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les ouvertures traversantes (22) ont une forme circulaire et sont disposées le long de deux rangées parallèles, et dans lequel chaque espace, séparant deux modules mélangeurs adjacents, se trouve face aux deux ouvertures traversantes (22).
  3. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le support arrière (20) comprend une pluralité de logements (23), chacun d'entre eux étant façonné de manière à recevoir une partie d'accouplement arrière respective d'un module mélangeur (10).
  4. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, comprenant un support avant (30) pourvu d'une partie principale (31) comportant une ouverture traversante (32) en forme de fente allongée, dans lequel l'ouverture traversante (32) fait face aux ouvertures d'entrée (12) des conduits d'écoulement (11).
  5. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le support avant (30) comprend un pied (35) défini par un bord inférieur replié du support avant (30) étant essentiellement perpendiculaire à la partie principale (31), c'est-à-dire parallèle au plan d'émission (100).
  6. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les modules mélangeurs sont séparés les uns des autres par un pas de montage (P), mesuré comme étant la distance entre les plans longitudinaux médians de deux modules adjacents (10), et dans lequel le rapport entre la longueur des modules mélangeurs (10) et le pas de montage (P) est supérieur à 11.
  7. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le rapport entre la longueur des modules mélangeurs (10) et le pas de montage (P) est d'environ 12,3.
  8. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les surfaces d'émission (14) sont séparées les unes des autres par des surfaces libres (15) sur le plan d'émission (100) ; et dans lequel le rapport entre la surface totale des surfaces libres (15) et la surface totale des surfaces d'émission (14) et des surfaces libres (15) est inférieur à 0,2.
  9. Brûleur modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les surfaces d'émission (14) sont séparées les unes des autres par des surfaces libres (15) sur le plan d'émission (100) ; et dans lequel, dans chaque module mélangeur (10), le rapport entre la surface totale des ouvertures de sortie (13) et la surface de la surface d'émission (14) est compris entre 0,20 et 0,30.
EP21170052.1A 2020-04-23 2021-04-23 Brûleur modulaire amélioré Active EP3901518B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000008749A IT202000008749A1 (it) 2020-04-23 2020-04-23 Bruciatore modulare perfezionato

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EP3901518A1 EP3901518A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
EP3901518B1 true EP3901518B1 (fr) 2023-09-06

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EP (1) EP3901518B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113551419A (fr)
IT (1) IT202000008749A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9112869U1 (de) * 1990-10-20 1991-12-19 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid Brennerstab
DE10010762C2 (de) * 2000-03-04 2002-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Atmosphärischer Gasbrenner
ITMO20030334A1 (it) * 2003-12-10 2005-06-11 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore a rampette con mezzi di interaccensione.
IT201800005589A1 (it) 2018-05-22 2019-11-22 Bruciatore modulare

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IT202000008749A1 (it) 2021-10-23
CN113551419A (zh) 2021-10-26

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