EP3899060A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten warmbanderzeugnissen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten warmbanderzeugnissenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3899060A1 EP3899060A1 EP19832077.2A EP19832077A EP3899060A1 EP 3899060 A1 EP3899060 A1 EP 3899060A1 EP 19832077 A EP19832077 A EP 19832077A EP 3899060 A1 EP3899060 A1 EP 3899060A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hardening
- hot
- temperature
- rolled
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/02—Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing conventionally rolled hot strip products according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a hot-rolled strip is a steel strip which is produced by first melting a steel melt of a desired alloy with unavoidable impurities that are inherent in the steel melting process, as a rule in a converter. The melt is then usually placed in a metallurgical pan, in which further processing, in particular alloy setting, takes place. In addition, a wide variety of fresh processes are carried out in the converter in order to reduce unwanted accompanying elements.
- the steel from the ladle is usually fed through a tundish of a continuous casting plant, in which the molten steel is cast into a theoretically endless slab.
- the solidified steel strip is cut in the continuous casting plant into so-called slabs, which are tabular, with a thickness of several decimeters, a width of, for example, 1.5 m and a length of, for example, 6 m to 12 m.
- Such slabs can then be further processed in rolling mills.
- Such slabs are first preheated to the rolling temperature in a reheating oven and then reach the so-called hot (wide) strip mill.
- the hot strip mill consists of a sequence of rolling stands, whereby a so-called reversing roughing stand is initially available, in which the slab is roughed.
- the still very hot, bright-glowing steel strip is then inserted into the actual roll stands and passes through these roll stands, the strip being given a target thickness and width.
- hot strips of this type can either be processed further directly as hot strips or further processed into thin sheet metal via a cold rolling mill.
- hot strip is not only produced for further processing into thin sheet metal, but also represents a special steel specialty that can be directly processed with modifications.
- conventional hot rolling involves rolling with multiple passes above the recrystallization temperature and then cooling or quenching in the so-called direct quench process.
- the resulting possible structures are globular austenite above the recrystallization temperature, see FIG. 3, which after cooling, in particular after direct quenching (quenching from the rolling heat), converts to martensite or tempered martensite.
- the globular autenite in turn forms martensite, which then shows a tempered martensite structure after tempering. If the hardening step is achieved (FIG. 6b) by quenching directly from the rolling heat, it is only necessary to leave on in order to produce a tempered martensite structure.
- WO2017 / 016582 A1 discloses a high-strength steel with a high minimum yield strength and a method for securing such a steel.
- This steel has a composition that is summarized as follows:
- Pcm [C] + [Si] / 30 + [Mn] / 20 + [Cu] / 20 + [Ni] / 60 + [Cr] / 20 + [Mo] / 15 + [V] / 10 + 5 [ B]; where [C], [Si], [Mn], [Cu], [Ni], [Cr], [Mo], [V], and [B] are the mass fractions of the respective elements in high-strength steel in% by weight and where the following applies to Pcm:
- the hydrogen content is reduced by vacuum treatment of the steel melt, after which the steel melt is cast into a slab.
- the slab is then heated to a temperature in the range from 1100 ° C to 1250 ° C, descaled and then hot rolled to a flat steel product.
- the product is then coiled, the coiling temperature being at least 800 ° C, whereby when the slab is hot-rolled into a flat steel product, the initial rolling temperature is in the range from 1050 ° C to 1250 ° C and the final rolling temperature is> 880 ° C, and for the Pcm applies: 0.38% by weight ⁇ Pcm ⁇ 0.44% by weight.
- the flat steel product is preferably subjected to a hardening treatment after hot rolling, the hardening treatment being at least 40 Kelvin above the Ac3 temperature of the steel alloy and the flat steel product then being rapidly quenched, so that the cooling rate is at least 25 Kelvin / sec to a temperature which is below 200 ° C.
- Lower austenitization temperatures of ⁇ 860 ° C in combination with the coordinated chemical composition of this steel alloy lead to undesired partial austenitization, which is not desirable.
- the austenitization temperature should preferably be ⁇ 920 ° C., at higher temperatures promote austenite grain growth, which leads to a reduction in the mechanical-technological properties.
- the optimal austenitizing temperature should be 880 ° C.
- EP 2 267 177 Al discloses a high-strength steel sheet which is used as a structural element in industrial machines and which on the one hand is said to have excellent resistance to delayed breakage and on the other hand has good welding behavior.
- This steel sheet has a minimum yield strength of 1300 MPa or higher and a tensile strength of 1400 MPa or higher.
- the thickness of this steel sheet should be equal to or greater than 4.5 mm or equal to or less than 25 mm.
- a high-strength, hot-rolled steel product and a method for producing the same are known from EP 2 789 699 A1.
- the method comprises the steps of melting a steel having the following composition: C 0.25 to 0.45%, Si 0.01 to 1.5%, Mn 0.4 to 3.0%, Ni 0.5 to 4%, AI 0.01 to 1.2%, Cr ⁇ 2%, Mo ⁇ 1%, Cu ⁇ 1.5%, V ⁇ 0.5%, Nb ⁇ 0.2%, Ti ⁇ 0.2% , B ⁇ 0.01%, Ca ⁇ 0.01%, balance iron and inevitable contamination, wherein the molten steel is poured into a slab and the slab is heated to a temperature in the range from 950 ° C to 1350 ° C, followed by a heat compensation step, in which the slab is then hot-rolled in a temperature range from Ac3 to 1300 ° C.
- a hot-rolled product is known from US 2007/0272333 A1, which is said to have high strength, the steel having a composition with 0.03 to 0.1% carbon, 0.2 to 2% silicon, 0.5 to 2 , 5% manganese, 0.02 to 0.1% aluminum, 0.2 to 1.5% chromium and 0.1 to 0.5% molybdenum, 80% by area having at least in the longitudinal direction a martensitic structure.
- thermomechanical treatment method for heavy plates is known from EP 2 340 897 A1. This method serves to increase the toughness, especially the low-temperature toughness. To position the plate, it is heated, partially and finally formed by rolling and cooled faster than cooling at ambient temperature, the plate being heated for partial forming to an Ac3 temperature being cooled more quickly after its final forming. In order to achieve special toughness values, the heavy plate between the partial and the final forming is cooled down to below Ac3 temperature and then inductively heated to above Ac3 temperature.
- a rolled steel tube which is produced from a plurality of welded strips, the tube comprising metallic base areas, welding shocks and heat-affected zones, and having a tensile strength of more than 80 ksi, in addition to iron 0.17 up to 0.35% by weight carbon, 0.3 to 2% by weight manganese, 0.1 to 0.3% by weight silicon, 0.01 to 0.04% by weight aluminum, up to 9, 01% sulfur and up to 0.015% by weight phosphorus can be present, the microstructure containing more than 90% by volume annealed martensite, the microstructure being supposed to be homogeneous over all areas, namely the metallic base areas, the welding surges and the heat affected zones, the microstructure should have a uniform distribution of carbides.
- chromium 0.5% by weight molybdenum, 0.003% by weight boron, up to 0.03% by weight titanium, up to 0.5% copper, up to 0.5% nickel, up to 0 , 1 wt .-% niobium, 0.15 wt .-% vanadium and 0.05 wt .-% calcium with a maximum oxygen content of 0.005 wt .-%.
- hot-rolled ultra-high-strength or wear-resistant steels for all possible forms of use are known from the prior art, which have a high strength with high toughness and good processability.
- such products are made available as broadband sheets or sheet goods, these being produced in particular on broadband roads.
- the rolling processes used are conventional or normalizing hot rolling (WW) and thermo-mechanical rolling (TM).
- WW hot rolling
- TM thermo-mechanical rolling
- Such hot strips produced in conventional hot rolling processes or in the thermomechanical rolling process are produced after rolling either by slow cooling or quenching or direct hardening (DQ).
- Pipes or profiles can also be produced using the rolling process, either using seamless tube rolling mills or so-called roll profiling lines.
- the shaping processes used here are conventional hot rolling, thermo-mechanical rolling and roll profiling.
- this heat treatment being either conventional hardening, i.e. pipe hardening, conventional hardening, i.e. pipe hardening and local weld post-treatment after welding processes, inductive heat treatments for normalizing hardening and hardening not being unknown are.
- Subsequent heat treatment is also carried out for strips, sheet metal and tableware, this likewise either using conventional hardening, e.g. B. table hardening, or conventional tempering, e.g. B. table remuneration is, the tempering can also be carried out as a table glow or bonnet glow.
- conventional hardening e.g. B. table hardening
- tempering e.g. B. table remuneration is
- the tempering can also be carried out as a table glow or bonnet glow.
- the most varied of welding processes are also carried out here, with local weld post-treatments being common.
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for the production of conventionally rolled hot-rolled products which have outstanding strength-toughness combinations and a fine isotropic structure compared to conventionally produced hot-rolled products.
- the hot strip product according to the invention has a predominantly martensitic structure, which is formed from globular, fine austenite grains and thus has homogeneous isotropic properties. This also applies to existing welds.
- the heat treatment is carried out differently than previously as a short-term heat treatment.
- the short-term heat treatment according to the invention can be inductive hardening or induction hardening (hardening and tempering).
- inductive hardening or induction hardening (hardening and tempering).
- all forms of heating are suitable which allow a brief, preferably rapid, heating, with hardening at least once and tempering being optional.
- a globular, fine austenite grain is obtained which, after conversion into a predominantly martensitic structure, has maximum strength and toughness values.
- a short-term heat treatment is according to the invention, for example, a hardening ver, which is carried out one or more times, the heating rates depending on the cross section of the material to be heated up to 1000 K / s, this heating rate can decrease with increasing cross section.
- the maximum temperature here is above Ac3, which means 800 ° C to 1000 ° C, in particular 820 ° C to 970 ° C.
- the holding time at which the maximum temperature is maintained is 0.5 to 60 seconds, after which cooling is carried out, the cooling rates being between 10 Kelvin / sec and over 60 K / s.
- An optional tempering is carried out at temperatures below A ci , the temperatures being in particular between 300 ° C and 700 ° C.
- a tempering temperature of between 500 ° C and 700 ° C can be advantageous to improve the weld seam properties, but a lower tempering temperature of 300 ° C to 450 ° C can be particularly advantageous to increase the yield strength.
- a steel which has the following composition (all values in% by weight) is particularly suitable for the process according to the invention:
- the following alloy composition is particularly suitable (all values in% by weight): 0.055 to 0.195 carbon,
- the invention has the advantage that ultra high-strength hot-rolled products with significantly improved properties with regard to toughness and isotropy can be produced, with good processability and in particular good weldability being present and conventionally tempered sheet metal can be replaced here.
- Inline in the invention is understood to mean that the entire heat treatment process can be carried out continuously in the form of a strip and that separate manipulation of lumpy sheets can advantageously be dispensed with.
- the steel products are heated to greater than AC 3, for example 920 ° C., and are kept there in the minute range (for example 10 minutes), and then cooled and accelerated.
- a tempering treatment is carried out after the hardening step, where the temperature is below A ci, for example at 570 ° C, and the tempering time is in the minute range (eg 15 minutes).
- the hardening takes place e.g. 950 ° C, but only e.g. a second holding time is available, while the first heat treatment at z. B. 950 ° C for z. B. one second and the compensation step in e.g. 650 ° C also for z. B. takes a second.
- the heating rate also affects the duration of the heat treatment, especially above the Ac3 point, and can also be interchangeable in a predictable way (more time, lower temperature and vice versa), the Hollomon-Jaffee parameter ( HJP), which maps both influencing factors.
- HJP Hollomon-Jaffee parameter
- the applicant then further developed it to provide meaningful results for continuous heat treatment processes, i.e. for heating up, maintaining at a maximum temperature and cooling down (Hubmer G., Ernst W., Klein M., Sonnleitner M., Spindler H.: A TRI- BUTE TO HOLLOMON & JAFFE -THE 70TH BIRTHDAY OF A BRILLIANT EQUATION,
- strips can be produced which have a particularly good combination of high tensile strength Rm and also high notched bar impact work KV, especially at low temperatures.
- the product of Rm * KV can be> 50,000 MPaJ, preferably> 60,000 MPaJ, particularly preferably> 75,000 MPaJ, in particular> 90,000 MPaJ.
- the invention thus relates to a method for producing conventionally hot-rolled, manufactured hot-rolled products, a steel alloy being melted, the melted steel alloy being poured into slabs and the slabs being hot-rolled after heating above AC 3 to a desired degree of deformation of a desired strip thickness, where rolling is carried out above the recrystallization temperature of the alloy, the strip being cooled to room temperature after rolling and briefly heated to> Ac3 and cooled again for the purpose of hardening, characterized in that the heating up with a temperature increase of more than 5 K / s preferably with more than 10 K / s, particularly preferably with more than 50 K / s, in particular with more than 100 K / s and is held at a desired target temperature of 0.5 to 60 s and then cooling takes place.
- An embodiment according to the invention is characterized in that a steel alloy is melted, which contains the following elements and iron as well as unavoidable impurities, all data being in% by weight
- a further embodiment according to the invention is characterized in that a steel alloy is melted, which in particular contains the following elements and iron as well as inevitable impurities, all details being in% by weight
- the brief heating with all suitable forms of heating e.g. done inductively.
- target temperature for brief heating for hardening > AC3, which means 800 ° C to 1000 ° C, in particular 820 ° C to 970 ° C.
- target temperature during brief heating for tempering is ⁇ Aci, the temperatures in particular between 300 ° C. and 700 ° C.
- the holding times at the target temperature during hardening and / or tempering and / or tempering are 0.5 to 10 s, in particular less than 5 seconds.
- the cooling rate is advantageously> 30K / s and in particular> 60K / s.
- the hardening and / or tempering can advantageously take place inline on the moving hot strip or on moving boards and blanks.
- the sheet thickness is 1.5 mm to 20 mm, in particular 3 mm to 15 mm.
- the Hollomon-Jaffee parameter of the short-term curing process is between 18000 and 23000, preferably between 18500 and 22000.
- the invention further relates to a hot strip produced by a method which has been described above, wherein at least one of the following mechanical properties
- Figure 1 shows the influence of conventional hot rolling on the structure
- Figure 2 shows the influence of thermomechanical rolling on the structure
- FIG. 3 shows the difference in the microstructure between recrystallized austenite and non-recrystallized austenite
- Figure 4 shows the steel phases, based on the temperature curves driven
- FIG. 5 shows the comparison of the heat treatment routes in the case of conventionally hot-rolled and conventionally tempered products and a heat-treated product according to the invention
- FIG. 7b product of tensile strength Rm and impact energy KV as a function of the Hol-Imon-Jaffee parameter of the hardening process for short-term hardening according to the invention and conventional hardening of the steel (material C);
- FIGS. 8a / 8b the possible temperature-time profiles in the method according to the invention with the structure resulting in the individual manufacturing steps;
- steel is conventionally hot-rolled and briefly heat-treated to increase the properties of toughness and isotropy as well as further properties.
- thermomechanically rolled steels contain higher levels of carbide formers, which form precipitates even during hot rolling.
- the excretions or the dissolved microalloy elements delay or suppress the recrystallization after the rolling passes. Accordingly, there is no recrystallization and corresponding grain growth, so that, according to FIG. 2, a globular structure according to FIG. 1 is not formed, but the austenite is present in an elongated form.
- thermomechanically rolled steels with the non-globular, stretched and deformed austenite grain results in a different structure after the transformation.
- the forming has a significant impact on the structure and the properties, the properties cannot be achieved by the heat treatment alone.
- FIG. 4 shows schematically how different structures or microstructures can be achieved from the austenite area using different cooling curves. This shows that martensitic steels, complex phase steels, dual phase steels and ferritic-bainitic steels can be reached via different cooling paths. Conventional previous heat treatment routes are shown in Figure 5, lines 1 and 2.
- hot rolling and a conventional tempering step (a sheet tempering) used for sheet metal and conventional hot rolling which can be combined with a direct hardening step (DQ) and a tempering step (A).
- the method according to the invention (FIG. 5, last line) provides for conventional hot rolling and optional direct hardening (with an optional tempering step) and then at least one very brief, for example inductive hardening or tempering step.
- FIGS. 6a and 6b The temperature-time profiles according to the prior art are shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b. Before this brief inductive hardening or tempering step, the hot strip is allowed to cool or cool down to room temperature (eg after direct hardening). Further processing from the rolling heat does not take place.
- conventionally rolled, directly hardened and tempered process (FIG. 5, middle line)
- conventionally rolled, directly hardened and at least one very short, for example inductive, tempering step is carried out.
- the remuneration step is to be explained again, the conventional remuneration step being shown in FIG. 6a.
- the mixture is then heated again to approx. 900 ° C and then subjected to rapid cooling in water and then a tempering step is carried out at approx. 600 ° C with subsequent cooling in air.
- the conventional heat treatments not according to the invention are thus conventional heating (H) or table hardening, conventional tempering (H-i-A) or table hardening, conventional tempering (A) as table annealing or bonnet annealing.
- thermomechanical rolling the anisotropy of the properties is generated by the stretching of the structure, whereby an annealing can create very good strength / toughness ratios, but only sheets and no strip heat can be treated.
- the following heat treatments are carried out according to the invention as short-term heat treatment.
- heating according to the invention as shown in FIG. 8a, heating is carried out quickly for a short time, the heat source being, for example, inductive heating, but not being necessary.
- the invention can be hardened at least once and optionally tempered once. This results in a globular fine austenite grain with maximized strength and maximized toughness.
- the hardening can be carried out once or twice according to the invention, the heating rates being very high at 100 K / s to 1000 K / s, the maximum temperature being set to> AC3. According to the invention, these are 800 ° C to 1000 ° C, in particular between 820 ° C and 970 ° C.
- the holding time is extremely short compared to the prior art and can be from 0.5 to 60 seconds and in particular from 0.5 to 5 seconds. According to the invention, however, the heating rate can also be lower and be about 5 K / s or 10 K / s or 15 K / s.
- Essential to the invention are the short holding times of 0.5 to 60 seconds, preferably 0.5 to 20 seconds, in particular 0.5 to 5 seconds.
- the subsequent cooling rates are set at> 10 ° K / s to over 60 ° K / s.
- the optional tempering is carried out at a maximum temperature below Aci, which is usually 300 ° C to 700 ° C.
- a tempering temperature of between 500 ° C and 700 ° C can be advantageous, but a lower tempering temperature of 300 ° C to 450 ° C can be particularly advantageous to increase the yield point.
- the short-term heat treatments according to the invention are thus on the one hand hardening or tempering treatments.
- Figures 7a and 7b show an example of an alloy composition, the achievable properties depending on the heat treatment routes and parameters.
- the material (material e) specified in the table is heat-treated, on the one hand, using two different routes according to the prior art, this being held for 10 minutes once after hot rolling (WW) for a hardening process at 920 ° C.
- the HJ value here is 23380.
- the mechanical properties Rp02 of 1076 MPa, Rm of 1539 MPa as well as the relatively low notched bar impact bending work of 26 J result from this.
- the product of Rm with KV is about 40,000 MPaJ.
- DQ direct hardening step
- the material C is treated with a short-term heat treatment (HKZ) by the method according to the invention, the example being held at a temperature of 850 ° C. for 3 seconds, the tensile strength can be achieved by means of the short-term heat treatment over that of a conventionally produced, hot-rolled Product raised who the, but especially the toughness is significantly improved.
- a starting step can take place before the HKZ, which, however, was not done in this embodiment.
- the HJ parameter is 19458.
- mechanical properties Rp02 of 1035 MPa, Rm of 1457 MPa, but above all an excellent notch impact bending work of 68 J are achieved.
- the product from Rm with KV is almost 100,000 MPaJ.
- FIG 7b the product of tensile strength and impact energy at -40 ° C is plotted as a function of the HJ parameter for different hardening processes.
- the light point corresponds to the previously described example A according to the invention with a HJ of 19,458 and the dark point corresponds to the prior art.
- the HJ value should be between 18000 and 22000 and the maximum temperatures in the range of 800 - 1000 ° C. If the HJP is too small and the maximum temperatures are too low, there is no complete austenitization and the material cannot be fully hardened.
- the HJP and the maximum temperature of the hardening process should not be too high either, HJP should be below 23000 in particular, as otherwise the mechanical properties (especially the product of Rm and KV) can drop drastically.
- FIG. 8a shows the temperature-time profile according to a possible embodiment of the invention together with the structures that arise.
- the welding process step or production step results in a local change in the structure and the mechanical properties due to the energy (heat and / or pressure) introduced. Products therefore have inhomogeneous properties in the area of the weld seam.
- the microstructure in the welded area becomes homogeneous.
- the microstructure of the welded area and also its mechanical properties become aligned with that of the rest of the product. This applies to fusion welded connections such as laser welding as well as pressure welded connections such as high frequency welding.
- the product according to the invention is produced by first melting a steel melt with the composition according to the invention, in particular the chemical composition shown in FIG. 7, in the steelworks and casting it into a slab in a continuous casting plant after the secondary metallurgical treatment.
- the slab is then heated to a temperature in the range from 1100 ° C to 1300 ° C, especially 1200 ° C to 1260 ° C, descaled and then conventionally hot-rolled into a steel strip, with the rolling starting temperature in the range of 1000 when the slab is hot-rolled ° C to 1250 ° C and the final roll temperature is greater than 800 ° C, in particular between 830 ° C and 930 ° C. Most of the deformation takes place above the recrystallization stop temperature, as a result of which the austenite, as shown in Figure 1, forms a globular grain shape.
- the steel strip is cooled to the reel temperature by means of water application and reeled up.
- the reel temperature in the present example is below the martensite start temperature, which is less than 500 ° C, in particular less than 250 ° C, and is achieved with a cooling rate of greater than 25 ° C / s, in particular between 40 ° C / s and 100 ° C / s.
- the steel strip is optionally subjected to a heat treatment with or without an upstream cut (e.g. transverse or longitudinal parts), the temperature being below the Al temperature, in particular below 700 ° C. Cuts from steel strip produced according to the invention can optionally be connected by a welding process. These cuts can have different dimensions or chemical composition.
- the steel strip is then subjected to the blank or the welded blank egg ner short-term heat treatment.
- the product is first heated at least once to a maximum temperature above AC3, which is typically 800 to 1000 ° C, but especially 820 ° C to 970 ° C, briefly heated to temperature and then rapidly cooled.
- the heating rates are more than 5 K / s, preferably more than 10 K / s, particularly preferably more than 50 K / s especially more than 100 K / s.
- the holding time at the maximum temperature is 0.5 to 60 seconds, for example 1 to 10 seconds, after which cooling with cooling rates of between 10 K / s and over 60 K / s is carried out.
- the material can be subjected to a tempering treatment after hardening.
- the material is heated at a heating rate of up to 1000 K / s, in particular 400 ° C to 800 ° C / s, to a maximum temperature below Aci, which usually means 300 ° C to 700 ° C, for example 550 ° C .
- the holding time at maxi ma item temperature is 0.5 to 60 seconds, for example 1-10s, after which cooling is carried out with cooling rates between 10 K / s and up to over 60 K / s.
- the product according to the invention is produced by first melting a steel melt with the composition according to the invention, in particular the chemical composition shown in FIG. 7, in the steelworks and casting it into a slab in a continuous casting plant after the secondary metallurgical treatment.
- the slab is then heated to a temperature of 1250 ° C, descaled and then conventionally hot-rolled to a steel strip, with the rolling starting temperature being 1150 ° C and the rolling end temperature 860 ° C when the slab is hot-rolled. Most of the deformation takes place above the recrystallization stop temperature, as a result of which the austenite, as shown in Figure 1, forms a globular grain shape.
- the steel strip is cooled down to the temperature by means of water and has been coiled.
- the reel temperature in the present example is 130 ° C and is achieved with a cooling rate of 60 ° C / s.
- a blank of the steel strip with a thickness of 6 mm is then subjected to a short-term heat treatment.
- the product is first kept at a maximum temperature above AC 3 , in the present example heated to 850 ° C. for a short time and then cooled rapidly.
- the heating-up rate is 25 K / s.
- the holding time at the maximum temperature is 3 seconds, after which cooling down is carried out at a cooling rate of 140 K / s.
- the Hollomon-Jaffee parameter of the short-term curing carried out is 19458.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018132901.6A DE102018132901A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten Warmbanderzeugnissen |
| PCT/EP2019/086059 WO2020127558A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten warmbanderzeugnissen |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3899060A1 true EP3899060A1 (de) | 2021-10-27 |
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| EP19832077.2A Pending EP3899060A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten warmbanderzeugnissen |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20230357877A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3899060A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018132901A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020127558A1 (de) |
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| DE102018132816A1 (de) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von thermo-mechanisch hergestellten profilierten Warmbanderzeugnissen |
| DE102018132860A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von konventionell warmgewalzten, profilierten Warmbanderzeugnissen |
| DE102018132908A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von thermo-mechanisch hergestellten Warmbanderzeugnissen |
| CN117165756B (zh) | 2022-05-27 | 2026-04-10 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 形成具有提高的平整度的钢板的方法 |
| CN118326251A (zh) | 2023-01-10 | 2024-07-12 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 具有高平整度的热浸镀锌超高强度钢板 |
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| JP4735211B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2011-07-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 自動車用部材およびその製造方法 |
| US7846275B2 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2010-12-07 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High strength hot rolled steel sheet having excellent stretch flangeability and its production method |
| JP5353256B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-21 | 2013-11-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 中空部材およびその製造方法 |
| JP4538094B2 (ja) | 2008-09-17 | 2010-09-08 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高強度厚鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| EP2340897A1 (de) | 2009-12-23 | 2011-07-06 | Voestalpine Grobblech GmbH | Thermomechanisches Behandlungsverfahren für Grobbleche |
| FI20115702A7 (fi) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-02 | Rautaruukki Oyj | Menetelmä suurlujuus- rakenneteräksen valmistamiseksi ja suurlujuusrakenneterästuote |
| JP5910168B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-15 | 2016-04-27 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Trip型2相マルテンサイト鋼及びその製造方法とそのtrip型2相マルテンサイト鋼を用いた超高強度鋼製加工品 |
| JP5632904B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2014-11-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 加工性に優れた高強度冷延鋼板の製造方法 |
| US9803256B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-10-31 | Tenaris Coiled Tubes, Llc | High performance material for coiled tubing applications and the method of producing the same |
| SI2789699T1 (sl) | 2013-08-30 | 2017-06-30 | Rautaruukki Oyj | Utrjeni vroče valjani jekleni proizvod in metoda za proizvodnjo le-tega |
| WO2016001700A1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Method for producing a high strength steel sheet having improved strength, ductility and formability |
| JP6630812B2 (ja) | 2015-07-24 | 2020-01-15 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | 高い最小降伏限界を有する高強度鋼およびその種の鋼を製造する方法 |
| DE102015112886A1 (de) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Hochfester aluminiumhaltiger Manganstahl, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahlflachprodukts aus diesem Stahl und hiernach hergestelltes Stahlflachprodukt |
| JP6762798B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-03 | 2020-09-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高強度鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| WO2018220430A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | Arcelormittal | Steel sheet for manufacturing press hardened parts, press hardened part having a combination of high strength and crash ductility, and manufacturing methods thereof |
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2018
- 2018-12-19 DE DE102018132901.6A patent/DE102018132901A1/de active Pending
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2019
- 2019-12-18 EP EP19832077.2A patent/EP3899060A1/de active Pending
- 2019-12-18 WO PCT/EP2019/086059 patent/WO2020127558A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-12-18 US US17/413,237 patent/US20230357877A1/en active Pending
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| DE102018132901A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
| WO2020127558A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
| US20230357877A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
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