EP3898482B1 - Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère - Google Patents

Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3898482B1
EP3898482B1 EP19824316.4A EP19824316A EP3898482B1 EP 3898482 B1 EP3898482 B1 EP 3898482B1 EP 19824316 A EP19824316 A EP 19824316A EP 3898482 B1 EP3898482 B1 EP 3898482B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
rack
fall
prevention device
cleat
Prior art date
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Application number
EP19824316.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3898482A1 (fr
Inventor
Gabriel NARDELLI
Alexandre NARDELLI
Pierre CARTON
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Xl Industries
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Xl Industries
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/26—Positively-acting devices, e.g. latches, knives

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of elevators.
  • the invention relates to a safety device intended to prevent the fall of an elevator during operations of telescoping and negative telescoping, that is to say downwards, of the mast of the elevator.
  • the invention finds particular application in the field of elevators used in descending tunnels.
  • the telescoping of an elevator mast is achieved by placing mast modules on top of or under each other.
  • the mast can be assembled from top to bottom, that is to say from a high end of the mast to a low end of said mast, this is called negative telescoping, or telescoping down. , or on the contrary from bottom to top, we then speak of positive telescoping, or telescoping upwards.
  • the downstroke of the cabin is limited by a mechanical stop, placed on the mast. This stop is dismantled during the telescoping or un-telescoping of the mast and reassembled before commissioning.
  • de-telescoping is meant a disassembly of the mast.
  • the travel of the car is not limited downwards.
  • a risk of the cabin falling in the event for example, of a malfunction of the safety systems already present, such as for example a parachute intended to engage in the event of detection of overspeeding of the cabin, or an electrical detector of end of mast intended to electrically stop the lift when said detector, placed in the lower part of the lift, no longer detects the mast supporting the lift.
  • the US patent US 7,849,972 discloses an emergency braking device comprising two wedges each capable of being brought into contact with a guide rail of the elevator by means of two pivoting members.
  • a braking device of the elevator When the speed of the elevator exceeds a first threshold greater than a nominal speed, a braking device of the elevator is put into action; when the speed of the elevator exceeds a second threshold higher than the first - i.e. the braking device is insufficient to brake the elevator, the emergency device is activated, and the wedges are brought into contact with the rails to brake the cabin of the elevator by friction.
  • the movement of the pivoting members, and therefore the contact of the wedges with the guide rails is controlled by an electromagnetic actuator depending on the speed of the elevator.
  • a disadvantage of such braking devices is that they can slow down the lift but not stop it, so that a fall of the lift remains possible.
  • Chinese patent application CN 103523630 discloses a safety device for an elevator intended for the assembly of a crane pillar assembled by placing mast elements on top of each other by means of lifting equipment. When a number of mast elements are put in place from the ground, thus forming a base, the cabin is installed along this base by means of guide elements. Other mast elements are then installed by the lifting equipment. In the absence of such equipment, or when the size of the mast becomes greater than the maximum lifting height of the equipment, lifting is carried out by means of a hook arranged above the cabin of the lift , which rises along the mast elements already in place.
  • the safety device described in this prior art makes it possible to prevent the guide elements from coming out of the car, which could occur in the event of too great a travel of the car.
  • the device comprises a switch formed essentially of a rod positioned and held at a given distance above the cabin, and in contact with the mast, so that the contact between the switch and the mast is interrupted before the cabin does not leave the guide elements.
  • the switch is electrically connected to a drive unit of the lift, so that before the car has reached the top of the mast, the switch/mast contact is interrupted and the drive unit is cut off from power, the cabin then ceasing its ascent, preventing an exit from the cabin of the guide elements.
  • Such a safety device makes it possible to stop the car to prevent the guide elements from coming out, but it is suitable for cars moving in the direction of an ascent and not in the direction of a descent.
  • the document JP H03 18073U discloses an example of an anti-fall device capable of passing from a non-engaged configuration to an engaged configuration to prevent the fall of an elevator capable of being set in motion along a rack of an elevator mast.
  • the invention relates to a fall arrest device capable of passing from a non-engaged configuration to an engaged configuration to prevent the fall of an elevator capable of being set in motion along a rack of an elevator mast.
  • the fall arrest device comprises a frame, a lever, a roller connected pivot with said lever and fixed to a first end of said lever, said roller being able to roll on a smooth face of the rack, a cleat fixed to a second end of said lever, said cleat comprising a toothed part able to cooperate with a toothed face of the rack and being connected to the frame by means of a compression spring, and at least one shock absorber disposed on an upper part of said anti-fall device.
  • the fall arrest device according to the invention is also in slide connection with the elevator.
  • the anti-fall device comprises a counter-rack roller able to roll along the smooth face in the non-engaged configuration and able to come to rest on the said smooth face in the engaged configuration.
  • a toothing of the toothed part of the cleat and a toothing of the toothed face of the rack have the same pressure angle, which pressure angle is equal to a guiding angle of the cleat formed by a direction of extension of the cleat with a direction of extension of the teeth of said cleat.
  • the anti-fall device comprises at least one unlocking means to allow passage of said anti-fall device from the engaged configuration to the unengaged configuration.
  • the at least one unlocking means comprises an unlocking screw, an unlocking nut and a guide body for said screw.
  • the at least one unlocking means comprises a jack.
  • the invention also relates to a lift comprising an anti-fall device according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising an elevator according to the invention and an elevator mast comprising a rack, the elevator further comprising at least one pinion intended to cooperate with said rack to allow movement of said elevator along said rack, the elevator anti-fall device being able to cooperate with the rack.
  • an elevator 1 comprising a cabin 10 and a drive unit 11 is placed on a mast 2 during negative telescoping.
  • the mast 2 is composed of a set of mast modules 20 of substantially square section and assembled from top to bottom.
  • the placement of a mast module 20 under another mast module is achieved by placing the elevator in a low position in which a low floor of the cabin 10 is brought down to a lower altitude at a lower end 21 of the mast being assembled, or telescoping.
  • the lower end 21 is suspended, that is to say it is not in contact with the ground, a distance between the ground and the lower end 21 being generally greater than a height of the elevator.
  • a lift is understood to mean a device intended to transport people or loads in a vertical direction corresponding to a direction of movement of the elevator along the mast.
  • An elevator can for example be an elevator or a hoist.
  • the elevator 1 is capable of moving along the mast 2 in an upward direction or in a downward direction, by means of a rack and pinion system comprising at least one pinion 114 associated with the elevator 1 and a rack 22 associated with the mast 20.
  • the elevator 1 is set in motion along the mast 2 by the drive unit 11 which comprises in particular a motor assembly 110 driving at least one pinion 114, and a parachute 111 intended to brake the elevator in case of overspeed.
  • overspeed is meant a descent speed greater than a nominal maximum operating descent speed of the elevator.
  • the drive unit 11 also comprises two mechanical stops 112 able to come into contact with a low mechanical stop placed a few tens of centimeters from the lower end 21 of the mast 2, thus making it possible to prevent the elevator 1 to descend too low, thus avoiding at least one rack pinion coming out and the elevator falling.
  • the travel of the elevator is not limited and there is therefore a risk of the said elevator falling. This is for example the case when the bottom stop is removed to set up an additional mast module 20.
  • An anti-fall device 3 makes it possible to limit or even prevent the risk of falling in the absence of a lower mechanical stop.
  • the fall arrest device 3 is placed at a rectangular recessed part 115 of a lower part of the drive unit 11.
  • the anti-fall device 3 comprises a frame 30, a lever 31, a roller 32, a cleat 33 and two shock absorbers 34.
  • the lever 31 is in pivot connection 310 with the frame 30 around a connection axis substantially perpendicular to a face of the mast 2 along which the elevator is caused to move.
  • the roller 32 is integral with a lower end of the lever 31 and in pivot connection with said lever, along a connection axis substantially parallel to the connection axis of the pivot connection 310 between the lever 31 and the frame 310.
  • the roller 32 is placed on an inner face of lever 31, said inner face corresponding to a face oriented towards the mast, so that said roller is able to roll on a smooth face 220 of rack 22 opposite a toothed face 221 of said rack .
  • Cleat 33 is integral with an upper end of lever 31 and connected to said lever by a shaft 333, and is fixed with respect to said lever.
  • the cleat 33 is placed on the side of the inner face of the lever 31, so that a toothed part 334 of said cleat is capable of cooperating with a toothed face 221 of the rack 22.
  • a compression spring 330 connecting the frame 30 to the cleat 33 exerts a force aimed at bringing the said rack cleat.
  • a cover 331 is fixed to the frame 30 for example by means of screws.
  • the cover 331 has a substantially oblong guide hole 332 making it possible to guide the shaft 333 connecting the cleat 33 to the lever 31 and to allow rotation of this assembly around the pivot connection 310.
  • the cover 331 contributes with the frame 30 to provide guidance of the cleat 33 when said cleat is driven by the lever 31. In particular, the cover 331 provides lateral guidance of the cleat 33.
  • a guide path 335 of the frame 30 ensures with the cover 331 the guide of the cleat 33.
  • the guide path 335 is welded to the rest of the frame 30, and has a "U" section.
  • the guide path 335 extends along a direction of extension identical to a direction of extension of the cleat 33.
  • the anti-fall device 3 is in sliding connection with the drive unit 11 of the elevator.
  • the sliding connection between said device and said drive unit allows relative translational movement of one of these two elements along a vertical axis with respect to the other element.
  • the sliding connection is ensured by the presence on the frame 310 of four oblong holes 300, in each of which is inserted a pin 113 of the drive unit 11.
  • the shock absorbers 34 are fixed to an upper part of the frame 30 of the fall arrest device, by fixing means, for example of the screw/nut type.
  • the dampers 34 have a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the roller 32 In a non-engaged configuration of the fall arrest device 3, illustrated in the Figure 3A , the roller 32 is in contact with the smooth face 220 of the rack 22 and capable of rolling along this smooth face in the event of movement of the elevator.
  • the lever 31 is substantially immobile and the cleat 33 does not cooperate with the rack 22, so that the anti-fall device 3 does not oppose a movement of the elevator 1 and accompanies the movement of the elevator thanks to the rolling of the roller 32 along the rack.
  • the roller 32 is caused to leave the rack, as illustrated in the Figure 3B illustrating a transient configuration engagement of the fall arrest device.
  • the moment created by the force exerted by the spring 330 on the cleat 33, around the connecting axis of the pivot connection 310 brings said cleat into contact with the rack, so that the teeth of the toothed part of said cleat cooperate with the toothed face 221 of said rack, thus immobilizing the anti-fall device vis-à-vis the rack 22.
  • the anti-fall device 3 is then in the configuration engaged. From then on, the descent of the elevator is limited.
  • the elevator can continue to descend, by the slide connection existing between the drive unit and the anti-fall device, until the drive unit 11 comes into contact with the shock absorbers 34 placed on a part upper part of the anti-fall device, which shock absorbers are then compressed so that they slow down the descent of the lift until said lift comes to a complete stop.
  • a length of the oblong holes 300 is advantageously equal to a length of a shock absorber, so that the stroke of the pins 113 is not limited during the braking phase of the elevator, or compression of the shock absorbers, leading to the complete stop of the elevator.
  • a pressure angle ⁇ is defined as being the angle formed by the slope of the teeth with respect to a direction of extension of said teeth, horizontal in the present case.
  • a guide angle ⁇ of the cleat 33 which angle is formed by the direction of extension of the cleat 33 with the horizontal direction of extension of the teeth of the cleat, is substantially equal to this pressure angle, which allows on the one hand optimal meshing between the teeth of the rack 22 and the teeth of the cleat 33, the directions of extension of the teeth remaining parallel during the movement of the said cleat, and on the other hand to compensate for the horizontal force exerted by the rack on the cleat due to the weight of the elevator and the pressure of the teeth of the rack on the cleat, thus preventing the cleat from being moved away from the rack.
  • a counter-rack roller 35 takes up a thrust force exerted by the cleat 33 on the rack 22 due to the weight of the elevator 1 resting on the anti-fall device, in order to avoid damage to the rack.
  • the counter-rack roller 35 is a roller in pivot connection with the frame 30 of the fall arrest device, capable of rolling on the smooth face of the rack in the non-engaged configuration, and coming to bear against the smooth face of the rack in engaged configuration, in which it is substantially immobilized with respect to said frame.
  • the fall arrest device 3 is then unlocked using at least one unlocking means comprising a guide body 36, an unlocking screw 37 and an unlocking nut 38.
  • the unlocking screw 37 is inserted in the L-shaped guide body 36 forming a projection on the frame 30.
  • the locking nut 38 is placed, conventionally, on a threaded part of the unlocking screw.
  • the unlocking screw comes into abutment against the lever 31, so that a screwing of the unlocking screw makes it possible to counterbalance the action of the spring 330 on the cleat 33 by exerting a force on the lever opposing the action of said spring.
  • Catch 33 is thus disengaged from rack 22 and lever 31 is caused to pivot so as to place roller 32 set back from rack.
  • the anti-fall device 3 is no longer immobilized relative to the rack, and said device and the elevator can be raised until the roller 32 reaches an altitude at least equal to that of the lower end. 21 of the mast 2.
  • the unlocking screw is then unscrewed, possibly removed, in order to allow the roller 32 to come back into contact with the rack, by the action of the spring 330 on the cleat, and therefore on the lever.
  • Such a method of resetting to unengaged configuration is carried out manually.
  • the reset to the unengaged configuration is carried out automatically.
  • the shock absorbers 34 are decompressed and under the effect of the vertical force directed upwards and combined with the pressure angle and the guide angle of the cleat, the cleat 33 disengages from the rack 22.
  • the roller 32 comes into contact with the lower end of the rack, corresponding substantially in altitude to that of the lower end 21 of the mast 2, the teeth of the rack 22 and of the cleat 33 are in contact at their vertices.
  • the length of the lever 31 determines the horizontal and vertical position of the axis of rotation of the roller 32.
  • This axis must be horizontally distant from the plane passing through the smooth face of the rack 22, towards the outside of the rack 22.
  • the axis of rotation is at a distance of 11 mm, in a horizontal plane, from the smooth face of the rack 22.
  • the vertical position is linked to the diameter of the roller which must be sufficient to come into contact with an edge bottom of the smooth face of the rack during the ascent, and allow play between the roller and said bottom edge when the teeth of the rack 22 and of the cleat 33 are in contact by their vertices, such a play making it possible to avoid a damage to the fall arrest device or even to the lift when returning to the non-engaged configuration.
  • the diameter of the roller 32 is 70mm.
  • shock absorbers 34 as well as their mechanical characteristics can vary, in particular these shock absorbers are sized according to the weight to be damped and the impact speed.
  • unlocking means for example a jack.
  • a “ramp” is a gallery or a vertical shaft that allows access to the mining works.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
EP19824316.4A 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère Active EP3898482B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1873852A FR3090610B1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère
PCT/EP2019/086069 WO2020127567A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3898482A1 EP3898482A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
EP3898482B1 true EP3898482B1 (fr) 2022-08-24

Family

ID=66690564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19824316.4A Active EP3898482B1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon-crémaillère

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3898482B1 (pl)
AU (1) AU2019410026A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2930345T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3090610B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3898482T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT3898482T (pl)
WO (1) WO2020127567A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111807188A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-23 中际联合（北京）科技股份有限公司 一种免爬器运行锁止装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US206283A (en) * 1878-07-23 Improvement in elevators
JPH0754222Y2 (ja) * 1989-06-30 1995-12-13 三和テッキ株式会社 昇降機の脱落防止装置
CA2720505C (en) 2004-05-25 2013-01-29 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Safety device for an elevator
CN103523630B (zh) 2013-10-30 2016-02-24 成都市第二建筑工程公司 施工升降机防吊笼冒顶安全限位装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020127567A1 (fr) 2020-06-25
EP3898482A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
FR3090610A1 (fr) 2020-06-26
FR3090610B1 (fr) 2021-08-13
PT3898482T (pt) 2022-11-25
ES2930345T3 (es) 2022-12-12
AU2019410026A1 (en) 2021-08-12
PL3898482T3 (pl) 2023-02-13

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