EP3883741A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum recyceln von kunststoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum recyceln von kunststoffenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3883741A1 EP3883741A1 EP19805957.8A EP19805957A EP3883741A1 EP 3883741 A1 EP3883741 A1 EP 3883741A1 EP 19805957 A EP19805957 A EP 19805957A EP 3883741 A1 EP3883741 A1 EP 3883741A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic melt
- melt
- vacuum
- degassing
- vacuum chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/762—Vapour stripping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0031—Degasification of liquids by filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/001—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of gas, air purge systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/002—Methods
- B29B7/007—Methods for continuous mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
- B29B7/7476—Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants
- B29B7/748—Plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/387—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a gear pump
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
- B29C48/694—Cylindrical or conical filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/763—Vent constructions, e.g. venting means avoiding melt escape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/20—Pressure-related systems for filters
- B01D2201/204—Systems for applying vacuum to filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/23—Supported filter elements arranged for outward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/06—Flash distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
- B01D3/106—Vacuum distillation with the use of a pump for creating vacuum and for removing the distillate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0255—Specific separating techniques using different melting or softening temperatures of the materials to be separated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
- B29B7/845—Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/86—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for working at sub- or superatmospheric pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92695—Viscosity; Melt flow index [MFI]; Molecular weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92942—Moulded article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
- B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/362—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/363—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using non-actuated dynamic mixing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for recycling plastics in several successive process steps and a device for recycling plastics according to the preamble of claim 7.
- a recycled material is first melted and then freed of impurities by filtration.
- the plastic melt is then degassed in a section of a screw extruder.
- Long dwell distances are required to produce sufficient contact between the plastic melt and a vacuum atmosphere so that all volatile constituents can be removed from the plastic melt.
- elongated degassing zones generally have the disadvantage of long residence times, which favor the risk of the formation of decomposition substances within the plastic melt. Due to the limited space and the low degassing capacity, several degassing stages are often used, which increases the degassing capacity without, however, allowing the melt viscosity to be influenced. It is an object of the invention to provide a method and an apparatus for recycling plastics, with which plastics which are as pure as possible can be produced without foreign particles and gases.
- Another object of the invention is to realize a recovery of the plastic melt with as few process steps as possible.
- the invention has the particular advantage that the filtering and degassing process steps that usually take place can be carried out according to the invention in one process step.
- Filtration in a vacuum atmosphere allows the filtered plastic melt to be degassed immediately. Large contact zones between the plastic melt and the vacuum atmosphere can be realized so that the volatile components can be released from the plastic melt in a relatively short dwell time.
- the multi-stage filtration enables a high degree of purity to be produced in the plastic melt.
- the plastic melt By first filtering the plastic melt under an overpressure atmosphere, coarse solid particles and impurities can initially be removed from the melted recycled material. The subsequent two-stage filtration with integrated degassing can be carried out accordingly in order to first remove the solids before the actual degassing. As a result, the plastic melt is additionally homogenized to a high degree, so that it is subsequently discharged for final processing can be. In particular, in addition to filtration and degassing, the viscosity of the melt can also be rebuilt.
- the degassing device has at least one filter element and a vacuum chamber with a vacuum atmosphere, the plastic melt being able to be guided through the filter element into the vacuum atmosphere of the vacuum chamber.
- the plastic melt being able to be guided through the filter element into the vacuum atmosphere of the vacuum chamber.
- very large contact surfaces for degassing the filtered plastic can thus be realized.
- the dwell times for degassing the plastic melt can thus be reduced to a minimum.
- the negative pressure atmosphere is set to a negative pressure in the range from 0.5 mbar to 50 mbar.
- the vacuum atmosphere within the vacuum chamber is selected as a function of a layer thickness of the plastic melt on an outlet surface of the filter element. A relatively high vacuum can thus be generated in order to obtain intensive degassing in the case of relatively thick melt layers.
- the cleaned polymer melt is collected in a sump of the vacuum chamber formed below the filter element and discharged through a melt outlet.
- a continuous melt flow can be realized, so that after the degassing, the plastic melt can be fed continuously to the discharge extruder for discharge.
- the process variant in which the plastic melt after the filtration and degassing under a vacuum atmosphere is fed to a residence reactor for ho mogenization and to continue degassing, is particularly advantageous in order to increase the so-called intrinsic viscosity (IV value). So IV- Values> 0.6 and also> 0.8 can be realized in a previously degraded PET plastic melt.
- the device according to the invention has a residence reactor which is connected to the degassing device on an inlet side.
- the indwelling reactor has a vacuum connection in order to generate the vacuum atmosphere by means of a vacuum pump.
- the plastic melt is circulated by a driven screw shaft within the indwelling reactor and fed to a reactor outlet.
- the process variant is also preferably carried out, in which the plastic melt is filtered a third time under an overpressure atmosphere when it is discharged for the final processing and is then mixed dynamically or statically with an additive.
- high-purity colored and / or additive plastic melts can also be fed directly to a finishing process.
- the device according to the invention has a discharge pump which is arranged downstream of the discharge extruder and which interacts with an end filter device.
- a dynamic mixer with a secondary extruder is provided, which is connected directly before the final processing.
- a vacuum filtering according to the invention and a dynamic or static mixer the intrinsic viscosity and the additives of the melt can be optimized exactly to the product to be produced.
- the finishing device is by a granulating device for granulating the plastic melt or by an extruding device for Extruding the plastic melt into fibers or foils. This makes it possible to feed the plastic granulate to a separate extrusion process. Alternatively, however, the processed plastic melt can be used directly to produce fibers or foils that are produced in the extrusion device.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for recycling plastic
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a degassing device of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1
- Fig. 3 schematically shows another embodiment of the device for recycling plastic according to the invention
- Fig. 4 schematically shows another embodiment of the device for recycling plastic according to the invention
- a first embodiment of the Vorrich device according to the invention for recycling plastic is shown schematically.
- the exemplary embodiment has a melt extruder 1.
- the melting extruder 1 can be single or multi-shaft and is connected to an extruder outlet 1.1 with a filter device 2.
- the filter device 2 is followed by a melt pump 3, which is driven by a pump drive 3.1.
- the melt pump 3 is connected to a degassing device 4.
- the degassing device 4 has a melt outlet 4.7, which is assigned to a discharge extruder 5.
- the discharge extruder 5 is followed by a discharge pump 6 with the pump drive 6.1 and a final filter device 7.
- the final filter device 7 is assigned a final processing device 8, which in this exemplary embodiment is formed by a granulating device 9.
- the degassing device 4 has a housing 4.1, which in this case is a cover formed by a cylindrical pot.
- a vacuum chamber 4.2 is formed within the housing 4.1.
- several filter elements 4.4 are arranged in the form of hollow cylindrical filter candles.
- the filter elements 4.4 have a pressure chamber 4.5 inside, which is connected to a melt inlet 4.6 on the housing 4.1.
- the filter elements 4.4 are closed at the freely projecting end and have a permeable Fil terwand.
- a sump 4.8 is formed in the vacuum chamber below the free end of the filter elements 4.4.
- the sump 4.8 is connected to a melt outlet 4.7 in the housing 4.1.
- the melt outlet 4.7 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the housing 4.1, the sump 4.8 extending in a funnel shape above the melt outlet 4.7.
- the vacuum chamber 4.2 is connected via a vacuum connection 4.3 to a collecting container 4.10 and a vacuum pump 4.11.
- a heating device 4.9 is arranged on the circumference of the housing 4.1.
- the heating device 4.9 preferably has electrical heating means, which are not shown here.
- a recycled material that has already been processed, for example PET flakes, is fed to the melt-on extruder 1, which could preferably be carried out without, but also with a vacuum unit.
- the melt extruder 1 melts the recycled material into a plastic melt which is fed to the filter device 2 via the extruder outlet 1.1.
- the plastic melt is pre-filtered with a relatively coarse filter fineness in order to remove foreign particles and non-melted particles of the recycled material from the plastic melt.
- the plastic melt is filtered in an overpressure atmosphere, which is essentially generated by the discharge extruder 1.
- the pre-filtered plastic melt is taken up by the melt pump 3 and supplied to the Entgasungsein device 4 under a predefined operating pressure.
- the plastic melt reaches the pressure chamber 4.5 of the degassing device 4 via the melt inlet 4.6 and penetrates the filter elements 4.4.
- the plastic melt occurs in the vacuum chamber 4.2 of the Entgasungseinrich device.
- a vacuum atmosphere is generated within the vacuum chamber 4.2 via the vacuum pump 4.11.
- the vacuum atmosphere is in this case set to a value in the range from 0.5 mbar to max. 50 mbar set.
- a vacuum in the vacuum chamber 4.2 of ⁇ 2 mbar is preferably set.
- the gases and volatile constituents escaping from the plastic melt due to the negative pressure atmosphere are discharged from the vacuum chamber 4.2 via the vacuum connection 4.3 and separated in the collecting container 4.10.
- the gaste plastic melt collects in the sump 4.8 at the bottom of the housing 4.1 and leaves the degassing device 4 via the melt outlet 4.7.
- the degassed and filtered plastic melt reaches the discharge extruder 5 from the melt outlet 4.7.
- the discharge extruder 5 conveys the plastic melt to a discharge pump 6 which feeds the final filter device 7 in order to carry out a final filtration of the plastic melt before the final processing.
- the final processing is carried out by granulation in the granulating device 9.
- the granulate produced is shown here, for example, in a granulate container 9.1 (as shown in FIG. 1).
- the granules can now be extruded directly in a melt spinning device for the production of threads or for the production of films.
- the multi-stage filtration of the plastic melt and the degassing of the plastic melt integrated with the second filtration result in a high degree of purity.
- the multi-stage filtration enables essentially all solid foreign particles to be removed from the plastic melt.
- FIG. 3 is essentially identical to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. F, so that only the differences are explained at this point and otherwise reference is made to the above description.
- the degassing device 4 is coupled to a residence reactor f0.
- the degassing device 4 is located on an outlet side in a bottom area 4.7 connected to the indwelling reactor 10.
- the filtered and degassed plastic melt of the degassing device 4 is fed directly to the inlet reactor 10 of the induction reactor 10.
- the indwelling reactor 10 has a vacuum connection 10.2 on its outlet side.
- the vacuum connection 10.2 is connected to a separate vacuum pump (not shown here) or alternatively to the vacuum pump 4.11 of the degassing device 4.
- a driven worm shaft 10.1 is arranged, which supplies the plastic melt to a reactor outlet 10.3.
- a discharge extruder 5 is directly coupled to the reactor outlet 10.3 in order to discharge the filtered and degassed plastic melt.
- the discharge extruder 5 is also followed by a discharge pump 6 and an end filter device 7.
- the end filter device 7 is connected upstream of the end processing device 8.
- the finishing device 8 is formed in this case by an extrusion device 13 which has a plurality of spinning nozzles 10.1 for extruding fibers.
- the degassing and ho mogenization of the plastic melt is intensified by the additional dwell gate 10. In this way, further gases that dissolve from the plastic melt can be removed via the vacuum connection 10.2.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is particularly suitable for direct finishing of the recycled plastic material.
- the exemplary embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 4 is provided.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 is essentially identical to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, so that only the differences are explained at this point.
- the final filtered plastic melt is fed to a dynamic mixer 11.
- the dynamic mixer 11 can be replaced by a static mixer or even supplemented.
- the dynamic mixer 11 is associated with a secondary extruder 12, through which an additive is fed into the plastic melt.
- the additive is thoroughly mixed with the plastic melt.
- the plastic melt is then fed to the final processing device 8, which is formed in this exemplary embodiment by a granulating device 9.
- the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is thus particularly suitable for producing conditioned plastic melts directly in the recycling process.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is also well suited to communicate directly with an extrusion device 10 of a melt spinning device.
- the properties of the melt according to the invention and the device according to the invention can also be adjusted in such a way that film extrusion and other applications are also possible. It is also possible to feed the recycled melt directly into the main stream of a polymerization. In this way, all production waste can be returned to the production process.
- a further exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 5 The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is essentially identical to the embodiment of FIG. 1, so that only the differences are explained below and otherwise reference is made to the above description.
- a melt prepared from a recycled material is fed through a discharge pump 6 to a main melt stream 15.
- the main melt stream 15 is generated by means of a poly condensation system 14.
- a mixer 11 is integrated in the main melt stream 15.
- the mixer 11 can be formed as a dynamic or static mixer or as a combination of both mixers.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 can advantageously be used in all production plants processing polymer melts, in order to continuously integrate all the production waste which arises into the process. It is also possible to feed a processed melt, for example from PET flakes, to a PET melt. For example, melt spinning systems for fiber and thread production or extrusion systems for film production can be operated without waste. The feed of the processed melt can, of course, also take place directly in partial streams which are branched from a main stream of a polycondensation device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018009171.7A DE102018009171A1 (de) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Recyceln von Kunststoffen |
PCT/EP2019/081756 WO2020104432A1 (de) | 2018-11-22 | 2019-11-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum recyceln von kunststoffen |
Publications (1)
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EP3883741A1 true EP3883741A1 (de) | 2021-09-29 |
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EP19805957.8A Pending EP3883741A1 (de) | 2018-11-22 | 2019-11-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum recyceln von kunststoffen |
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US (2) | US20210402651A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3883741A1 (de) |
CN (2) | CN116852682A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102018009171A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020104432A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AT524309A1 (de) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-04-15 | Next Generation Recyclingmaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Kunststoffaufbereitung |
DE102022003870A1 (de) | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-18 | Bb Engineering Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von synthetischen Fäden aus wiederaufbereiteten Kunststoffabfällen |
DE102022003869A1 (de) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-18 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten und zum Herstellen von Kunststofferzeugnissen aus aufbereiteten Kunststoffrest |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DD231029A1 (de) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-12-18 | Endler Fritz Dr Dr Ing | Verfahren und einrichtung zum compoundieren von thermoplasten, insbesondere thermoplastabfaellen |
US4832882A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1989-05-23 | Synthetics International Corp. | Method of removing impurities from a material |
US5225079A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-07-06 | Nok Corporation | Modular hollow-fiber filter unit |
AUPQ294699A0 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 1999-10-14 | Visy Plastics Pty Ltd | Process for preparing food contact grade polyethylene terephthalate resin from waste pet containers |
AT411161B (de) * | 1999-09-22 | 2003-10-27 | Bacher Helmut | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum recyclen von pet-gut |
WO2001087572A1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Jr Patents Corporation | Apparatus and method for manufacturing blown plastic film from scrap plastic |
CN100402123C (zh) * | 2003-05-01 | 2008-07-16 | 安格斯公司 | 带脱气机构的过滤单元 |
UA74926C2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2006-02-15 | Yevhenii Petrovych Barmashyn | Extruder for processing of thermoplastic polymeric materials with area of filtration and degassing |
FR2922141A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-15 | 2009-04-17 | Mpr Polymers Soc Par Actions S | Procede de recyclage par etapes de films de polyolefines et melange maitre a tres haute teneur en charge pulverulente issu du procede |
AT508951B1 (de) | 2009-04-17 | 2012-03-15 | Erema | Verfahren und anordnung zur recyclierung von kunststoff |
US20120152821A1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-06-21 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Fine fiber filter media and processes |
DE102011082769A1 (de) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entgasen einer PET - Kunststoffschmelze in einer Extrusionsanlage |
AT513443B1 (de) * | 2012-09-12 | 2016-08-15 | Next Generation Recyclingmaschinen Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erhöhen der Grenzviskosität einer Polykondensatschmelze |
SG11201704787QA (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-07-28 | Borealis Ag | Composition based on recycled polyethylene from cable waste |
RU2696456C2 (ru) * | 2015-03-23 | 2019-08-01 | Некст Дженерейшн Рисайклингмашинен Гмбх | Установка, а также способ для обработки полимерного расплава |
-
2018
- 2018-11-22 DE DE102018009171.7A patent/DE102018009171A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-11-19 US US17/294,526 patent/US20210402651A1/en active Pending
- 2019-11-19 WO PCT/EP2019/081756 patent/WO2020104432A1/de unknown
- 2019-11-19 CN CN202311001058.3A patent/CN116852682A/zh active Pending
- 2019-11-19 CN CN201980074963.7A patent/CN113039053A/zh active Pending
- 2019-11-19 EP EP19805957.8A patent/EP3883741A1/de active Pending
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2024
- 2024-05-08 US US18/658,084 patent/US20240308111A1/en active Pending
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CN116852682A (zh) | 2023-10-10 |
CN113039053A (zh) | 2021-06-25 |
US20210402651A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 |
WO2020104432A1 (de) | 2020-05-28 |
US20240308111A1 (en) | 2024-09-19 |
DE102018009171A1 (de) | 2020-05-28 |
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