EP3882041A1 - Coating material for the surfaces of panels - Google Patents
Coating material for the surfaces of panels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3882041A1 EP3882041A1 EP20164654.4A EP20164654A EP3882041A1 EP 3882041 A1 EP3882041 A1 EP 3882041A1 EP 20164654 A EP20164654 A EP 20164654A EP 3882041 A1 EP3882041 A1 EP 3882041A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cover layer
- layer
- coating material
- cellulose
- cellulose layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
- D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating material for the surfaces of panels, in particular wood panels, wood-based panels, plastic panels or panels made from a wood-plastic mixture.
- CPL Continuous Pressure Laminates
- a resin-impregnated decorative paper and a multi-layer carrier paper made of parchment or kraft paper. These individual layers are layered on top of one another and connected to one another by high pressure and high temperature in a hot press.
- the fiber structure of the papers is strengthened.
- a dense material with a closed surface is formed.
- a method for producing a high pressure laminate is, for example, from US Pat EP 3 296 107 A1 known.
- finish foil or coating foil which consists of a paper web treated with a lacquer surface.
- the paint is cured, for example, by UV lamps.
- the paper is not completely penetrated by the lacquer.
- the surface is therefore only slightly scratch-resistant.
- the non-resinous, printed parchment paper and the overlay paper impregnated with melamine resin are unwound from two different rolls and fed to a continuously operating double belt press.
- the surface tension of the non-resinous parchment paper used is designed in such a way that an aqueous ink, as is commonly used in decorative gravure printing, shows poor or no adhesion to the parchment sheet. Therefore, a UV-curable ink must be used.
- the production is associated with a high structural effort. Due to the asymmetrical structure of the laminate, it is subject to a strong tendency to curl, which makes further processing such. B. difficult when coating the plates.
- a coating material is to be created which is characterized by good further processability, on the one hand is as thin as possible and on the other hand has a high abrasion resistance.
- a generic coating material consists of a single resin-impregnated cellulose layer which is provided with a decoration on one side and which is provided with a transparent cover layer covering the decoration.
- This coating material can be referred to as a thin laminate.
- the cellulose layer is preferably designed as a printing base paper.
- the cover layer is preferably made of a radiation-curable acrylate lacquer z.
- B a UV paint, or a mixture of acrylic paint and polyurethane.
- the cellulose layer is preferably designed as a printing base paper with a weight of 60 to 100 g / m 2 , preferably 70 to 90 g / m 2 and particularly preferably 70 g / m 2 .
- the cellulose layer is preferably impregnated with a urea-formaldehyde resin, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, a mixture of urea-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin or with a polyurethane.
- the cover layer is preferably applied with a roller or a roller. But it can also be sprayed on.
- cover layer is dried before the structure is pressed.
- the cover layer can consist of a radiation-curable acrylate lacquer or of a synthetic resin, preferably a thermosetting plastic, and can be at least partially cured before the application is pressed.
- the cover layer When the structure is pressed, the cover layer then hardens completely.
- the decor can be applied using analog and / or digital printing.
- a water-based digital printing ink is preferably used.
- Based on the weight of the cellulose layer an amount of 50 to 90% synthetic resin is preferably used for the impregnation. 75% synthetic resin based on the weight of the paper is preferably used.
- the decorated and core-impregnated paper preferably has a weight of about 100 g / m 2 .
- the surface of the core-impregnated cellulose layer opposite the decor (underside) can also be provided with a cover layer.
- the cover layer preferably has a weight of 5 to 100 g / m 2 .
- the cover layer particularly preferably has a weight of 10 to 60 g / m 2 and very preferably 30 g / m 2 .
- the drying and / or hardening of the impregnated cellulose layer and also of the cover layer is stopped in good time so that although residual activity remains, the cellulose layer or the printed paper can be rolled up, stacked, stored and / or transported without touching one another Glue layers together.
- the coating material consists of a cellulose layer designed as a printing base paper with a weight of about 60 to 120 g / m 2 .
- the printing base paper In contrast to parchment paper, the printing base paper has an open structure.
- Printing base papers are usually white or beige and therefore already form a good printing base for a decor. Alternatively, however, the printing base papers can also have a solid-color decoration.
- a decoration is printed on an upper side of the printing base paper, preferably in single-pass digital printing using water-based digital printing inks (CMYK or even better CRYK).
- the decorated printing base paper is core-impregnated in a conventional impregnation system. Core impregnation is understood to mean that the structural spaces between the cellulose fibers of the printing base paper are largely filled.
- the core can be impregnated with urea-formaldehyde resin, with melamine-formaldehyde resin or with a combination of urea-melamine-formaldehyde resin or with polyurethane.
- a customary polyurethane for example a thermoset polyurethane, is used as the polyurethane.
- Based on the weight of the paper 50 to 60% synthetic resin is used for the core impregnation. With the core impregnation, the decorated and core-impregnated paper reaches a weight of about 100 g / m 2 .
- a cover layer is then rolled or sprayed, which has a weight of about 5 to 100 g / m 2 .
- the cover layer consists of a conventional acrylate varnish, which is applied by means of high-energy radiation, e.g. B. UV radiation can be partially cured and / or cured. Alternatively, a mix of acrylic paint and polyurethane can be used.
- the printing base paper covered with the partially cured acrylate varnish is pressed in a short-cycle press or a continuous hot press at a pressure of about 30 to 70 N / cm 2 and a temperature of 130 to 200 ° C.
- a pressure of 60 N / cm 2 and a temperature of 150 ° C are set.
- the pressing time is about 0.6 to 2 s / mm (plate thickness). Preferably 1.2 s / mm.
- the temperature in the press is measured on the surface of the press plate.
- the impregnated paper can be rolled up, stacked, stored and / or transported, the drying and / or curing of both the core impregnation and the cover layer is stopped in good time.
- the core impregnation tends to contain only proportions of polyurethane and consists mainly of urea and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin.
- the application of the coating material will then preferably be provided on furniture surfaces. If short-cycle presses are used, it must of course be ensured that they have sufficiently high pressing pressures.
- a structuring of the surface of the cover layer, as it is, for example, in FIG EP 3 296 107 A1 is described.
- the structure generator is then inserted between the press plate and the structure to be laminated. It remains there during lamination and is then peeled off the structured surface. It is particularly preferred to produce so-called nano- or microstructures that facilitate cleaning of the surface of the coating material and also counteract fingerprints, for example (anti-fingerprint).
- fingerprints for example (anti-fingerprint).
- the use of a micro-folding carried out with an excimer radiator has proven to be particularly suitable for the anti-fingerprint effect.
- the micro-folding is based on the following principle. 172 nm radiation forms free radicals in acrylates, which trigger polymerization and crosslinking.
- the depth of penetration of the 172 nm photons into the acrylates is between 0.1 and 0.5 nm, so that only a thin surface layer is cross-linked.
- the shrinkage caused by the polymerization then leads to microstructures.
- a wrinkled skin floats on the liquid film, which is then completely hardened with a second radiation source.
- a mercury UV lamp or an electron gun can be used for this or a long wave excimer lamp at 308 nm can be used.
- the irradiation usually takes place in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- a method for adjusting the degree of gloss of decorative and functional surfaces is, for example, in DE 10 2006 042 063 A1 described.
- High-gloss surfaces can also be achieved if high-gloss press belts or press plates are provided.
- the press belts and / or the press plates can also be structured.
- the structures are preferably implemented at least partially in synchronism with the decoration, the aim being complete synchronism.
- the continuous pressing can be done, for example, with a double belt press, which is used by the Hymmen company for the production of HPL laminates.
- This press works on the isobaric pressure principle.
- the adjustment to the product thickness is done by a fixed lower and an upper, height-adjustable pressure frame.
- cooling zones are installed in the infeed of the double belt presses, which prevent the material from pre-reacting.
- the raw material is pressed by the two circumferential steel belts that run through common heating and pressing zones. In the pressing zones, the surface pressure required for the process is generated against the steel belts and thus against the material by means of gaseous pressure media.
- the thermal energy is generated by a thermal oil system.
- the belt drums and the upper and lower heating plates are brought to the required temperature via separately controllable heat transfer oil circuits.
- the surface pressure in the reaction zone takes place via compressed air cushions, which are applied against the Pressing steel strips. This eliminates the friction between the steel belts and the heating plate.
- the required pressure is built up by high pressure compressors and fed into the double belt press via special pressure controls.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Beschichtungsmaterial für die Oberflächen von Platten, insbesondere aus Holz, Holzwerkstoff, Kunststoff oder einem Holz-Kunststoff-Gemisch-Werkstoff, bestehend aus einer einzigen, einseitig mit einem Dekor versehenen, harzimprägnierten Zelluloselage, die mit einer transparenten, das Dekor abdeckenden Abdeckschicht versehen ist.The invention relates to a coating material for the surfaces of panels, in particular made of wood, wood-based material, plastic or a wood-plastic mixture material, consisting of a single, resin-impregnated cellulose layer provided with a decoration on one side, which is covered with a transparent, the decoration Cover layer is provided.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Beschichtungsmaterial für die Oberflächen von Platten, insbesondere Holzplatten, Holzwerkstoffplatten, Kunststoffplatten oder aus einem Holz-Kunststoff-Gemisch gefertigte Platten.The invention relates to a coating material for the surfaces of panels, in particular wood panels, wood-based panels, plastic panels or panels made from a wood-plastic mixture.
Platten, die beispielsweise im Möbelbau eingesetzt werden, können mit einem Echtholzfurnier oder mit einer Kunststofffolie oder einem Kunststofflaminat beschichtet werden. Sogenannte Continous Pressure Laminates (CPL) sind hochwertige dekorative Materialien, die in kontinuierlich arbeitenden Doppelbandpressen hergestellt werden. Sie bestehen aus einem harzimprägnierten Dekorpapier und einem mehrschichtigen Trägerpapier aus Pergament oder Kraftpapieren. Diese einzelnen Lagen werden übereinander geschichtet und durch hohen Druck und hoher Temperatur in einer Heißpress miteinander verbunden. Dabei wird die Faserstruktur der Papiere verstärkt. Es wird ein dichtes Material mit geschlossener Oberfläche ausgebildet. Wenn Oberflächen intensiv beansprucht werden, sind dünne Laminate aus CPL gut zur Verwendung geeignet. Der sich im Produktionsprozess bildende Film aus Melaminharz schützt das Laminat und macht die Oberfläche der Platte belastbar und langlebig.Panels that are used in furniture construction, for example, can be coated with a real wood veneer or with a plastic film or a plastic laminate. So-called Continuous Pressure Laminates (CPL) are high-quality decorative materials that are manufactured in continuously operating double belt presses. They consist of a resin-impregnated decorative paper and a multi-layer carrier paper made of parchment or kraft paper. These individual layers are layered on top of one another and connected to one another by high pressure and high temperature in a hot press. The fiber structure of the papers is strengthened. A dense material with a closed surface is formed. When surfaces are used intensively, thin laminates made of CPL are well suited for use. The melamine resin film that forms during the production process protects the laminate and makes the surface of the board resilient and durable.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hochdrucklaminats ist beispielsweise aus der
Es ist auch bekannt, Finish-Folie oder Ummantelungsfolie zu verwenden, die aus einer Papierbahn besteht, die mit einer Lackoberfläche behandelt ist. Der Lack wird beispielsweise durch UV-Strahler ausgehärtet. Das Papier ist nicht vollständig vom Lack durchdrungen. Es stellt sich deshalb nur eine geringe Kratzfestigkeit der Oberfläche ein.It is also known to use finish foil or coating foil, which consists of a paper web treated with a lacquer surface. The paint is cured, for example, by UV lamps. The paper is not completely penetrated by the lacquer. The surface is therefore only slightly scratch-resistant.
Aus der
Hiervon ausgehend soll ein Beschichtungsmaterial geschaffen werden, das sich durch eine gute Weiterverarbeitbarkeit auszeichnet, einerseits möglichst dünn ist und andererseits eine hohe Abriebfestigkeit besitzt.Proceeding from this, a coating material is to be created which is characterized by good further processability, on the one hand is as thin as possible and on the other hand has a high abrasion resistance.
Zur Problemlösung besteht ein gattungsgemäßes Beschichtungsmaterial aus einer einzigen, einseitig mit einem Dekor versehenen, harzimrpägnierten Zelluloselage, die mit einer transparenten, das Dekor abdeckenden Abdeckschicht versehen ist. Dieses Beschichtungsmaterial kann als Dünnlaminat bezeichnet werden.To solve the problem, a generic coating material consists of a single resin-impregnated cellulose layer which is provided with a decoration on one side and which is provided with a transparent cover layer covering the decoration. This coating material can be referred to as a thin laminate.
Die Zelluloselage ist vorzugsweise als Druckbasispapier ausgeführt.The cellulose layer is preferably designed as a printing base paper.
Die Abdeckschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus einem strahlenhärtbaren Acrylatlack z. B. einem UV-Lack, oder aus einem Gemisch aus Acrylatlack und Polyurethan.The cover layer is preferably made of a radiation-curable acrylate lacquer z. B. a UV paint, or a mixture of acrylic paint and polyurethane.
Vorzugsweise ist die Zelluloselage als Druckbasispapier mit einem Gewicht von 60 bis 100 g/m2, bevorzugt 70 bis 90 g/m2 und insbesondere bevorzugt 70 g/m2 ausgeführt.
Die Imprägnierung der Zelluloselage erfolgt vorzugsweise mit einem Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz, einem Melamin-Formaldehydharz, einem Gemisch aus Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz und Melaminformaldehydharz oder mit einem Polyurethan.The cellulose layer is preferably designed as a printing base paper with a weight of 60 to 100 g / m 2 , preferably 70 to 90 g / m 2 and particularly preferably 70 g / m 2 .
The cellulose layer is preferably impregnated with a urea-formaldehyde resin, a melamine-formaldehyde resin, a mixture of urea-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin or with a polyurethane.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Beschichtungsmaterials zeichnet durch folgende Schritte aus:
- a) Bereitstellen einer Zelluloselage,
- b) Bedrucken einer Oberfläche (Oberseite) der Zelluloselage mit einem Dekor,
- c) Imprägnieren der Zelluloselage mit einem flüssigen Kunstharz,
- d) Trocknen der imprägnierten Zelluloselage,
- e) Auftragen einer flüssigen Abdeckschicht auf die mit dem Dekor bedruckte Oberfläche (Oberseite),
- f) Verpressen des aus der Zelluloselage und der Abdeckschicht bestehenden Aufbaus in einer Heißpresse.
- a) providing a cellulose layer,
- b) printing a surface (top side) of the cellulose layer with a decoration,
- c) impregnating the cellulose layer with a liquid synthetic resin,
- d) drying the impregnated cellulose layer,
- e) applying a liquid cover layer to the surface printed with the decor (top),
- f) pressing the structure consisting of the cellulose layer and the cover layer in a hot press.
Vorzugsweise wird die Abdeckschicht mit einer Walze oder einer Rolle aufgetragen. Sie kann aber auch aufgesprüht werden.The cover layer is preferably applied with a roller or a roller. But it can also be sprayed on.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Abdeckschicht vor dem Verpressen des Aufbaus getrocknet wird.It is advantageous if the cover layer is dried before the structure is pressed.
Die Abdeckschicht kann aus einem strahlenhärtbaren Acrylatlack oder aus einem Kunstharz, vorzugsweise einem Duroplast bestehen und vor dem Verpressen des Auftrags zumindest teilausgehärtet werden.The cover layer can consist of a radiation-curable acrylate lacquer or of a synthetic resin, preferably a thermosetting plastic, and can be at least partially cured before the application is pressed.
Beim Verpressen des Aufbaus härtet die Abdeckschicht dann vollständig aus.When the structure is pressed, the cover layer then hardens completely.
Das Dekor kann im Analog- und/oder Digitaldruck aufgebracht werden. Vorzugsweise wird eine wasserbasierte Digitaldrucktinte verwendet.
Bezogen auf das Gewicht der Zelluloselage wird für die Imprägnierung vorzugsweise eine Menge von 50 bis 90 % Kunstharz verwendet. Bevorzugt werden 75 % Kunstharz bezogen auf das Papiergewicht verwendet. Mit der Kernimprägnierung reicht das dekorierte und kernimprägnierte Papier vorzugsweise ein Gewicht von etwa 100 g/m2.The decor can be applied using analog and / or digital printing. A water-based digital printing ink is preferably used.
Based on the weight of the cellulose layer, an amount of 50 to 90% synthetic resin is preferably used for the impregnation. 75% synthetic resin based on the weight of the paper is preferably used. With the core impregnation, the decorated and core-impregnated paper preferably has a weight of about 100 g / m 2 .
Auch die dem Dekor gegenüberliegende Oberfläche (Unterseite) der Kernimprägnierten Zelluloselage kann mit einer Abdeckschicht versehen werden. Die Abdeckschicht weist vorzugsweise ein Gewicht von 5 bis 100 g/m2 auf. Insbesondere vorzugsweise weist die Abdeckschicht ein Gewicht von 10 bis 60 g/m2 und ganz bevorzugt 30 g/m2 auf.The surface of the core-impregnated cellulose layer opposite the decor (underside) can also be provided with a cover layer. The cover layer preferably has a weight of 5 to 100 g / m 2 . The cover layer particularly preferably has a weight of 10 to 60 g / m 2 and very preferably 30 g / m 2 .
Die Trocknung und/oder Aushärtung der imprägnierten Zelluloselage und auch der Abdeckschicht wird so rechtzeitig gestoppt, dass zwar eine Restaktivität verbleibt, aber ein Aufwickeln, Stapeln, Lagern und/oder Transportieren der Zelluloselage bzw. des bedruckten Papiers erfolgen kann, ohne dass sich einander berührende Schichten miteinander verkleben.The drying and / or hardening of the impregnated cellulose layer and also of the cover layer is stopped in good time so that although residual activity remains, the cellulose layer or the printed paper can be rolled up, stacked, stored and / or transported without touching one another Glue layers together.
Nachfolgend soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben werden:
Das Beschichtungsmaterial besteht aus einer als Druckbasispapier ausgeführten Zelluloselage mit einem Gewicht von etwa 60 bis 120 g/m2. Im Gegensatz zu einem Pergamentpapier weist das Druckbasispapier eine offene Struktur auf. Üblicherweise sind Druckbasispapiere weiß oder beige und bilden deshalb bereits eine gute Druckbasis für ein Dekor. Alternativ können die Druckbasispapiere aber auch eine durchgefärbte Uni-Dekorierung aufweisen.An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail below:
The coating material consists of a cellulose layer designed as a printing base paper with a weight of about 60 to 120 g / m 2 . In contrast to parchment paper, the printing base paper has an open structure. Printing base papers are usually white or beige and therefore already form a good printing base for a decor. Alternatively, however, the printing base papers can also have a solid-color decoration.
Auf das Druckbasispapier wird bevorzugt im Single-Pass-Digitaldruck unter Verwendung von wasserbasierten Digitaldrucktinten (CMYK oder noch besser CRYK) ein Dekor auf eine Oberseite des Druckbasispapiers aufgedruckt. In einer üblichen Imprägnieranlage wird das dekorierte Druckbasispapier kernimprägniert. Unter Kernimprägnierung wird eine weitgehende Füllung der strukturellen Räume zwischen den Zellulosefasern des Druckbasispapiers verstanden. Die Kernimprägnierung kann mit Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz, mit Melamin-Formaldehydharz oder mit einer Kombination aus Harnstoff-Melamin-Formaldehydharz oder mit Polyurethan erfolgen. Als Polyurethan wird ein übliches, beispielsweise ein Duroplast-Polyurethan verwendet. Bezogen auf das Papiergewicht wird für die Kernimprägnierung 50 bis 60 % Kunstharz verwendet. Mit der Kernimprägnierung erreicht das dekorierte und kernimprägnierte Papier ein Gewicht von etwa 100 g/m2.On the printing base paper, a decoration is printed on an upper side of the printing base paper, preferably in single-pass digital printing using water-based digital printing inks (CMYK or even better CRYK). The decorated printing base paper is core-impregnated in a conventional impregnation system. Core impregnation is understood to mean that the structural spaces between the cellulose fibers of the printing base paper are largely filled. The core can be impregnated with urea-formaldehyde resin, with melamine-formaldehyde resin or with a combination of urea-melamine-formaldehyde resin or with polyurethane. A customary polyurethane, for example a thermoset polyurethane, is used as the polyurethane. Based on the weight of the paper, 50 to 60% synthetic resin is used for the core impregnation. With the core impregnation, the decorated and core-impregnated paper reaches a weight of about 100 g / m 2 .
Zumindest auf die dekorierte Seite des kernimprägnierten Druckbasispapiers wird anschließend eine Abdeckschicht aufgewalzt oder aufgesprüht, die ein Gewicht von etwa 5 bis 100 g/m2 aufweist. Die Abdeckschicht besteht aus einem üblichen Acrylatlack, der mittels energiereicher Strahlung, z. B. UV-Strahlung teilgehärtet und/oder ausgehärtet werden kann. Alternativ hierzu kann auch ein Mix aus Acrylatlack und Polyurethan verwendet werden.At least on the decorated side of the core-impregnated printing base paper, a cover layer is then rolled or sprayed, which has a weight of about 5 to 100 g / m 2 . The cover layer consists of a conventional acrylate varnish, which is applied by means of high-energy radiation, e.g. B. UV radiation can be partially cured and / or cured. Alternatively, a mix of acrylic paint and polyurethane can be used.
Das mit dem teil-ausgehärteten Acrylatlack abgedeckte Druckbasispapier wird in einer Kurztaktpresse oder einer kontinuierlichen Heißpresse bei einem Druck von etwa 30 bis 70 N/cm2 und einer Temperatur von 130 bis 200 °C verpresst. Bevorzugt werden ein Druck von 60 N/cm2 und eine Temperatur von 150 °C eingestellt. Die Presszeit beträgt etwa 0,6 bis 2 s/mm (Plattendicke). Bevorzugt 1,2 s/mm. Die Temperatur in der Presse wird an der Oberfläche des Pressblechs gemessen.The printing base paper covered with the partially cured acrylate varnish is pressed in a short-cycle press or a continuous hot press at a pressure of about 30 to 70 N / cm 2 and a temperature of 130 to 200 ° C. To be favoured a pressure of 60 N / cm 2 and a temperature of 150 ° C are set. The pressing time is about 0.6 to 2 s / mm (plate thickness). Preferably 1.2 s / mm. The temperature in the press is measured on the surface of the press plate.
Damit einerseits eine restliche Reaktivität verbleibt und andererseits ein Aufwickeln, Stapeln, Lagern und/oder Transportieren des imprägnierten Papiers erfolgen kann, wird die Trocknung und/oder Aushärtung sowohl der Kernimprägnierung als auch der Abdeckschicht rechtzeitig gestoppt.So that on the one hand a residual reactivity remains and on the other hand the impregnated paper can be rolled up, stacked, stored and / or transported, the drying and / or curing of both the core impregnation and the cover layer is stopped in good time.
Wenn eine Kurztaktpresse zur Herstellung des Beschichtungsmaterials verwendet wird, enthält die Kernimprägnierung eher nur Anteile von Polyurethan und besteht hauptsächlich aus Harnstoff- und/oder Melamin-Formaldehydharz. Dann wird die Anwendung des Beschichtungsmaterials bevorzugt auf Möbeloberflächen vorgesehen sein. Wenn Kurztaktpressen eingesetzt werden, muss natürlich sichergestellt sein, dass diese über genügend hohe Pressdrücke verfügen.If a short-cycle press is used to produce the coating material, the core impregnation tends to contain only proportions of polyurethane and consists mainly of urea and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin. The application of the coating material will then preferably be provided on furniture surfaces. If short-cycle presses are used, it must of course be ensured that they have sufficiently high pressing pressures.
In den Verfahrensablauf integriert werden kann eine Strukturierung der Oberfläche der Abdeckschicht, wie sie beispielsweise in der
Auch hochglänzende Oberflächen können erzielt werden, wenn hochglänzende Pressbänder oder Pressbleche vorgesehen werden.High-gloss surfaces can also be achieved if high-gloss press belts or press plates are provided.
Anstelle der Verwendung eines Strukturgebers können auch die Pressbänder und/oder die Pressbleche strukturiert werden. Vorzugsweise sind die Strukturen zumindest teilweise synchron zum Dekor ausgeführt, wobei eine vollständige Synchronität angestrebt wird.Instead of using a structure generator, the press belts and / or the press plates can also be structured. The structures are preferably implemented at least partially in synchronism with the decoration, the aim being complete synchronism.
Durch den einschichtigen Aufbau des Beschichtungsmaterials ist dieses sehr dünn, was bei der Weiterverarbeitung den großen Vorteil bietet, auch moderne kleine Radien < 1,0 mm sicher beschichten zu können.Due to the single-layer structure of the coating material, it is very thin, which offers the great advantage of being able to reliably coat even modern small radii <1.0 mm during further processing.
Das kontinuierliche Verpressen kann beispielsweise mit einer Doppelbandpresse erfolgen, die von der Firma Hymmen für die Herstellung von HPL-Schichtstoffen verwendet wird. Diese Presse arbeitet nach dem isobaren Druckprinzip. Die Anpassung an die Produktdicke erfolgt durch einen feststehenden unteren und einen oberen, höhenverstellbaren Druckrahmen. Um das Produkt vor zu früher Temperatureinwirkung ohne Druck in der Presse zu schützen, sind im Einlauf der Doppelbandpressen Kühlzonen angebracht, die eine Vorreaktion des Materials verhindern. Das Rohmaterial wird durch die beiden umlaufenden Stahlbänder, die gemeinsame Heiz- und Presszonen durchlaufen, verpresst. In den Presszonen wird durch gasförmige Druckmittel der zum Verfahren benötigte Flächendruck gegen die Stahlbänder und damit gegen das Material erzeugt. Die Wärmeenergie wird durch eine Thermoölanlage erzeugt. Über getrennt regelbare Kreisläufe des Wärmeträgeröls werden die Bandtrommeln sowie die oberen und unteren Heizplatten auf die erforderliche Temperatur gebracht. Der Flächendruck in der Reaktionszone erfolgt über Druckluftkissen, die gegen die Stahlbänder pressen. Hierdurch wird die Reibung zwischen Stahlbändern und Heizplatte aufgehoben. Der benötigte Druck wird von Hochdruckkompressoren aufgebaut und über spezielle Druckregelungen in der Doppelbandpresse zugeführt.The continuous pressing can be done, for example, with a double belt press, which is used by the Hymmen company for the production of HPL laminates. This press works on the isobaric pressure principle. The adjustment to the product thickness is done by a fixed lower and an upper, height-adjustable pressure frame. In order to protect the product from too early exposure to temperature without pressure in the press, cooling zones are installed in the infeed of the double belt presses, which prevent the material from pre-reacting. The raw material is pressed by the two circumferential steel belts that run through common heating and pressing zones. In the pressing zones, the surface pressure required for the process is generated against the steel belts and thus against the material by means of gaseous pressure media. The thermal energy is generated by a thermal oil system. The belt drums and the upper and lower heating plates are brought to the required temperature via separately controllable heat transfer oil circuits. The surface pressure in the reaction zone takes place via compressed air cushions, which are applied against the Pressing steel strips. This eliminates the friction between the steel belts and the heating plate. The required pressure is built up by high pressure compressors and fed into the double belt press via special pressure controls.
Anstelle einer Doppelbandpresse können z. B. auch eine C-HPL Heißpresse oder eine Kurztaktpresse Verwendung finden.Instead of a double belt press z. B. also a C-HPL hot press or a short-cycle press can be used.
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EP20164654.4A EP3882041A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Coating material for the surfaces of panels |
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EP3296107A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-21 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method for producing a high pressure laminate |
EP3351682A1 (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-07-25 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Laminate for coating a board-like wood material and method for producing the laminate |
DE102013112275B4 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2019-12-12 | Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Method for producing a decorative laminate |
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