EP3874224B1 - Ensemble frein, détonateur et projectile - Google Patents

Ensemble frein, détonateur et projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3874224B1
EP3874224B1 EP19880691.1A EP19880691A EP3874224B1 EP 3874224 B1 EP3874224 B1 EP 3874224B1 EP 19880691 A EP19880691 A EP 19880691A EP 3874224 B1 EP3874224 B1 EP 3874224B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
detonator
flap
projectile
flaps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19880691.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3874224C0 (fr
EP3874224A1 (fr
EP3874224A4 (fr
Inventor
Håkan JANSSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems Bofors AB
Original Assignee
BAE Systems Bofors AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAE Systems Bofors AB filed Critical BAE Systems Bofors AB
Publication of EP3874224A1 publication Critical patent/EP3874224A1/fr
Publication of EP3874224A4 publication Critical patent/EP3874224A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3874224C0 publication Critical patent/EP3874224C0/fr
Publication of EP3874224B1 publication Critical patent/EP3874224B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/50—Brake flaps, e.g. inflatable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detonator comprising a brake assembly and a projectile containing said detonator comprising said brake assembly and a method for controlling the longitudinal dispersion of projectiles.
  • One way of reducing the longitudinal dispersion when firing artillery is to replace the existing detonator of a projectile with a trajectory-correcting detonator containing an unfolding brake, also known as an air brake.
  • an unfolding brake also known as an air brake.
  • the air brake unfolds when the projectile has passed the maximum height of its trajectory.
  • a large braking surface is required; the surface should be larger than the cross section of the projectile.
  • the braking occurs with braking surfaces which can be designed as braking surfaces, brake flaps or fins designed for braking.
  • WO 98/01719 describes a brake assembly for the braking of projectiles.
  • the assembly comprises four braking surfaces (4), configured as semicircles with two projections in the form of support legs which move inside the detonator; the braking surfaces are mounted partly overlapping and unfold radially out from the detonator in relation to the lengthwise axis of the detonator and the body of the projectile (see Fig. 1b ). In this way, the braking surface is increased, while at the same time the assembly has a reduced space requirement inside the body of the proj ectile/detonator.
  • US 6,325,325 B1 describes a further development of the brake mechanism described in WO 98/01719 .
  • the braking surfaces are not arranged in pairs (see Fig. 2b ), as is shown in WO 98/01719 .
  • the braking surfaces unfold radially from the detonator/projectile body.
  • the braking surfaces have a more circular shape and contain a cavity in the form of a semicylindrical portion 27 and a groove 22b, 23b on the respective side of the cavity (see Fig. 2a ) in the portion which is arranged inside the detonator in the unfolded braking condition and which constitutes the braking mechanism.
  • the shape of the braking surfaces is considered to provide a maximum braking surface and to require less space inside the detonator, so that more space is available for the active portion (pyrotechnical component) or the like.
  • EP2913628A1 describes a similar variant of braking surfaces to WO 98/01719 and US 6,325,325 B1 .
  • the present invention relates to a brake flap for braking the longitudinal direction of a projectile, and a simplified brake assembly comprising said brake flap.
  • the configuration of the brake flaps means that the braking surfaces can be just as long in order of magnitude as the cross section (diameter) of the projectile and thus provide more braking action for the projectile, and the space required by the braking surfaces and the unfolding mechanism is less than the assemblies known at present, which makes possible more space for the active portion, the pyrotechnics, or other loads occurring in the projectile.
  • a detonator comprising an improved brake assembly has been created to enable the braking of a projectile on its trajectory, comprising at least two brake flaps, where the two brake flaps are formed by an upper brake flap and a lower brake flap arranged at different positions in the axial direction of the projectile, such that the full span, where the full span is the distance between the outer edge of the upper brake flap and the outer edge of the lower brake flap when the brake flaps are situated in the fully unfolded condition, is greater than twice the projectile diameter in the position of the brake assembly in the axial direction of the brake assembly where the brake flaps are situated.
  • the brake flap is substantially U-shaped, comprising two projections which are connected by a braking surface with a curved outer edge, each brake flap comprising a cavity which is partly enclosed by the two projections and the braking surface and which in the folded-up condition partly surrounds the center axis, and the projection has an end position where a shoulder is situated.
  • the lower brake flap further comprises a cavity to reduce the total weight of the lower brake flap.
  • the detonator comprises a lower tube body and an upper brake bracket, which together define a central axis, characterized in that said tube body and brake bracket comprise shaped grooves in which shoulders are situated and in that said braking surfaces comprise a cavity enabling maximum unfolding of the brake flaps and a positioning around the central axis in the folded-up condition.
  • a first latch which locks the brake flaps in the folded-up condition is situated in the upper brake flap and a second latch is situated beneath the upper brake flap and locks the lower brake flap in the folded-up condition; when the first latch is pulled out from the upper brake flap the brake flap begins to move radially out from the central axis with the help of the centrifugal force, whereupon the latch which heretofore locked the lower brake flap is exposed and releases the lower brake flap, which then begins to move radially out from the central axis in the opposite direction with the help of the centrifugal force.
  • the tube body comprises guide rails to separate the upper brake flap from the lower brake flap in the axial direction of the detonator.
  • the brake assembly comprises brake flaps arranged in pairs, in the number of two, four, six, eight, or ten, where the brake flaps are symmetrically arranged in the tube body and can fold out radially from the detonator.
  • an improved method has been created for controlling the longitudinal dispersion of a projectile by replacing the existing detonator with a detonator comprising the described brake assembly.
  • an improved projectile has been created, containing a detonator.
  • the brake assembly enables a correcting of deviations in the trajectory of a projectile, preferably reducing the longitudinal dispersion, for example during artillery firing.
  • the braking occurs by unfolding of brake flaps with braking surfaces which form a braking surface around the body of the projectile (air brake) so that the speed of the projectile is braked by the air drag.
  • Braking surfaces can be unfolded by various mechanisms out from a detonator and be folded back into the detonator if so desired. In the unfolded braking condition, the braking surface is preferably perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the projectile/detonator.
  • a brake flap is meant the entire element/braking surface comprising an inner portion which is situated near the center point of the detonator/projectile and an outer portion which forms the actual braking surface upon unfolding and which is situated outside the body of the projectile.
  • Fig. 1 shows the brake assembly described in WO 98/01719 .
  • the portion of the brake flap forming the actual braking surface is configured as a semicircle ( Fig.1a ), while the portion forming part of the unfolding mechanism contains projections 32, 46 with a pin 54 in their outermost position, which slides in a groove 48, 44 in the other braking surface (the upper pair in Fig. 2 of WO/9801719 ), which requires less space inside the body of the projectile.
  • a circular connecting element joins the braking surfaces in the cavity 32 which separates the projections.
  • the braking surfaces extend along the outer diameter of the projectile and fold out radially from the detonator/body of the projectile ( Fig. 1b ), which increases the braking action of the projectile.
  • the braking surfaces are complicated to manufacture and contain many notches which reduces the mechanical strength of the braking surface, especially when the braking surfaces are unfolded to the maximum.
  • Fig. 2 shows the brake assembly described in US 6,325,325 .
  • the braking surfaces unfold radially from the detonator/body of the projectile but have a more circular shape than those described in WO 98/01719 .
  • the diameter is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the detonator, thus providing a maximum braking surface.
  • the braking surface contains a cavity in the form of a semicylindrical portion 27 and a groove 22b, 23b on the respective side of the cavity (see Fig. 2a ) in the portion which is arranged inside the detonator and which constitutes the actual unfolding mechanism.
  • the shape of the braking surfaces is considered to require less space inside the body of the projectile, which apportions more space to the active portion (pyrotechnical component) or the like.
  • the circular configuration of the braking surfaces in combination with the unfolding mechanism limits the space for the active portion or other important parts such as auxiliary motors inside the body of the projectile.
  • the braking surfaces are guided out via grooves in the braking surfaces and the braking surface in WO 98/01719 has two elongated notches (air holes) and the braking surface in US 6,325,325 has three notches (air holes) outside the body of the detonator/projectile in the unfolded condition, which reduces both the mechanical strength and the braking action of the projectile.
  • the brake flaps or braking surfaces known in the prior art have a limited extension in the radial direction relative to the diameter of the projectile, wherein sometimes the extension of the brake flap in the unfolded condition is less than half of the total length of the brake flap.
  • the present invention provides a technical solution wherein the brake flap can be unfolded so that over half of the total length of the brake flap may lie outside the projectile. Since the length of the respective brake flap is on the order of magnitude of the diameter of the projectile, the majority of the brake flap in the unfolded condition is outside the projectile.
  • Fig. 3a shows an upper 5 (at left) and a lower brake flap 6 (at right) according to the claimed invention.
  • the brake flaps 5, 6 are configured somewhat more elongated than the brake flaps described in the prior art (see Fig. 1 and 2 ).
  • the direction of the dashed arrow runs from its inner portion 22 to its outer portion 20 (lengthwise axis of the braking surface).
  • the outer edge 21 of the braking surface is somewhat curved and the inner portion 22, i.e., that which is situated closest to the center of the detonator/projectile (lengthwise axis 8), contains a cavity 7 and two projections 19, on the respective side of the cavity 7, in the form of support legs.
  • a shoulder 12 is arranged on the innermost portion of the respective support leg 19 of the upper brake flap 5.
  • the shoulder 12 acts as a mechanical stop so that the brake flap 5 does not unfold too much from the detonator/projectile, reducing the chances of the brake flap being pulled loose during the unfolding.
  • the projection 19 of the lower brake flap 6 comprises a recess 9 (hole), whose purpose is to reduce the weight of the brake flap 6.
  • the recess 19 compensates for the shoulder 12 of the upper brake flap 5 so that the total arrangement does not become overly heavy.
  • Fig. 3b shows a three-dimensional side view of the brake assembly 100 with the brake flaps 5, 6 in the unfolded braking condition arranged in a detonator 1.
  • the tube body of the detonator 1 is divided here into a lower part 2 which is mounted in a projectile, a brake bracket 3, a lengthwise axis 8 and a nosecone 4.
  • the brake flaps 5, 6 are arranged on the lower tube body 2, a brake bracket 3 is arranged in turn above the brake flaps and the upper part of the tube body is composed of a nosecone 4.
  • the nosecone 4 are arranged, for example, various forms of electronics, such as a proximity fuse or other electronics for guiding the projectile.
  • the lengthwise axis 8 of the detonator which contains the present brake assembly 100 is illustrated here by the y-axis; the arrow illustrates the direction of travel of the projectile when the brake assembly is mounted on a projectile; the brake flaps 5, 6 are unfolded ortogonally against the lengthwise axis, i.e., each in their own direction in the x-axis.
  • Fig. 4a illustrates a side view of the brake assembly 100 comprising the brake bracket 3, the lower tube body 2, an upper 5 and a lower 6 brake flap, the lengthwise axis 8 where the arrow is directed against its upper/forward part.
  • the radial movement of the brake flaps 5, 6 occurs in the X-axis.
  • the brake flaps 5,6 in the unfolded condition are unfolded with the total length L-L, also known as the span, indicated in the figure, amounting to over 100% of the projectile diameter D-D, as indicated in the figure. That is, the distance L-L > 2 * D-D. Or otherwise put, the full span is more than twice the diameter of the projectile in the position of the brake assembly where the brake flaps are situated.
  • Fig. 4b shows a front view where we see the nosecone 4, the central lengthwise axis 8 and two unfolded brake flaps 5, 6.
  • An upper 5 and a lower brake flap 6 mounted on a tube body 2.
  • the configuration and placement of the end stop, or shoulder 12, is such as to obtain a maximum brake area.
  • Fig. 5a shows the bottom side of the brake bracket 3, which is mounted against the lower tube body 2.
  • the brake bracket 3 comprises grooves 14 in which the upper brake flaps 5 slides, a threaded hole 13, arranged for the mounting of the brake bracket 3 against the other components, notches 16 for the latches 10 which hold the brake flaps 5, 6 secured in the folded-up condition, and the channel 8 for receiving the mating part of the lower tube body 2.
  • Fig. 5b shows the lower tube body 2 wherein the lower tube body 2 comprises grooves 14 in which the lower brake flap 6 slides, notches 16 for the first 10 and the second 11 latch, threaded holes 13 for mounting against the brake bracket 3, and a center pin 8' which is received by a corresponding channel 8 of the brake bracket 3.
  • Both the tube body 2 and the brake bracket 3 also have a support surface 15 for the brake flaps 5, 6.
  • the support surfaces 15 absorb axial forces acting on the brake flaps 5, 6 from the projectile in front of the fins in the nose.
  • Fig. 5c shows at right a perspective view of the brake flaps 5, 6 mounted on the lower tube body 2 which is screwed or otherwise arranged in the shell/projectile.
  • the lower brake flap 6 is mounted closest to the tube body 2 and the upper brake flap 5 is arranged closest to the brake bracket 3.
  • the latch (activator) 10 here in the form of a locking pin
  • the latch 11 of the upper braking surface also in the form of a locking pin, other variants also being possible.
  • the latch 11 may be formed by a so-called blasting pin, which is detonated when exposed.
  • the latch 11 is not mounted before shipping the brake assembly, since there is a high risk of the latch being consumed and disturbed.
  • the lower brake flap 6 is shown in more detail in Fig. 5d and Fig. 5e ; the upper brake flap is shown in more detail in Fig. 5f.
  • Fig. 5e and Fig. 5f show the center of gravity 18 of the respective brake flaps 5, 6.
  • the lower brake flap 6 is held in place by the second latch 11, which is loosened when the upper brake flap 5 moves past the latch so that the latch springs out and thereby releases the lower brake flap 6.
  • the figures show two brake flaps 5, 6, but other embodiments may have more brake flaps arranged in various plans.
  • a cross section in the axial direction i of the brake assembly 100, at marking A-A in Fig. 5e is shown in Fig. 5g where the lower 6 brake flap is situated.
  • FIG. 5h A cross section in the axial direction i of the brake assembly, at marking B-B in Fig. 5f , is shown in Fig. 5h , where both the lower 6 and the upper 5 brake flaps are situated.
  • the lower brake flap 5 and the upper brake flap 6 are situated at different positions in the axial direction of the projectile.
  • they can be mounted in guide rails 23 (see Fig. 5i ), so that there is always some play, an axial gap 17, between the brake flaps 5, 6.
  • FIG. 5i An enlargement of the encircled part of Fig. 5h is shown in Fig. 5i where the axial gap 17 and the guide rail 23 are clearly indicated.
  • Fig. 6a, 6b and 6c illustrate the unfolding mechanism of the brake flaps 5, 6.
  • the brake flaps 5, 6 are configured such that they are longer than they are wide, and their outermost portion is slightly curved so as to follow the outer radius of the projectile.
  • the lower brake flap 6 is arranged on the lower tube body 2 and then the upper brake flap 5 is arranged on top of the lower brake flap 6.
  • the locking of the two brake flaps 5, 6 in the folded-up condition is done with a latch 10, such as a pulling activator, placed in the upper brake flap 5.
  • a latch 10 such as a pulling activator
  • the brake flaps do not move exactly synchronously or symmetrically out from the projectile body 300, but rather the gain in braking surface/braking force is compensated by the possible effect of this. Likewise, any loss in air drag due to the cavity 7 formed closest to the projectile body when the brake flaps are unfolded to the maximum is compensated by the gain in increased braking action and reduced weight, since the unfolding occurs for the most part mechanically and without the need for a heavy auxiliary motor, which also provides more space available for the active load. Thus, in the case illustrated, the brake cannot be folded up, but with an actuator/motor the brake could also be designed for folding up. Moreover, the brake flaps could also be arranged so that they can be released from the projectile 300 on a given command in order to eliminate the braking action in this way.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in particular, but instead may vary in different ways within the context of the claimed invention. For example, it will be grasped that the number, the size, the material and the shape of the elements making up the brake flap arrangement and their details will be adapted according to the weapons system and other design properties in the particular instance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Détonateur (1) pour un projectile, dans lequel le détonateur (1) comprend un ensemble frein (100) destiné à permettre le freinage d'un projectile sur sa trajectoire, comprenant au moins deux volets de frein (5, 6), dans lequel les deux volets de frein sont formés par un volet de frein supérieur (5) et un volet de frein inférieur (6), disposés à différentes positions dans la direction axiale du projectile, dans lequel les volets de frein (5, 6) sont sensiblement en forme de U, comprenant deux saillies (19) qui sont reliées par une surface de freinage (A) avec un bord externe incurvé (21), chaque volet de frein (5, 6) comprenant une cavité (7) qui est partiellement enfermée par les deux saillies (19) et la surface de freinage (A) et qui dans la condition repliée entoure partiellement un axe central (8), de telle sorte que l'envergure complète (L-L), où l'envergure complète est la distance (L-L) entre le bord externe du volet de frein supérieur (5) et le bord externe du volet de frein inférieur (6) lorsque les volets de frein (5, 6) sont situés dans la condition complètement dépliée, est deux fois supérieure au diamètre de projectile (D-D) dans la position de l'ensemble frein (100) dans la direction axiale de l'ensemble frein (100) où les volets de frein (5, 6) sont situés, et que le volet de frein inférieur (6) comprend en outre une cavité (9) permettant de réduire le poids total du volet de frein inférieur (6), dans lequel la saillie (19) a une position d'extrémité où un épaulement (12) est situé, dans lequel le détonateur (1) comprend un corps de tube inférieur (2) et un support de frein supérieur (3), qui définissent ensemble un axe central (8), dans lequel ledit corps de tube (2) et le support de frein (3) comprennent des rainures profilées (14) dans lesquelles les épaulements (12) sont situés, et dans lequel lesdits volets de frein (5, 6) comprennent une cavité (7) permettant un dépliage maximal des volets de frein (5, 6) et un positionnement autour de l'axe central (8) dans la condition repliée, dans lequel un premier verrou (10), qui verrouille les volets de frein (5, 6) dans la condition repliée, est situé dans le volet de frein supérieur (5) et un second verrou (11) est situé en dessous du volet de frein supérieur (5) et verrouille le volet de frein inférieur (6) dans la condition repliée ; caractérisé en ce que le détonateur est conçu de telle sorte que, lorsque le premier verrou (10) est tiré du volet de frein supérieur (5), le volet de frein (5) commence à se déplacer radialement hors de l'axe central (8) à l'aide de la force centrifuge, après quoi le verrou (11), qui auparavant verrouillait le volet de frein inférieur (6), est exposé et libère le volet de frein inférieur (6) qui commence alors à se déplacer radialement hors de l'axe central (8) en sens inverse à l'aide de la force centrifuge.
  2. Détonateur (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de tube (2) comprend des rails de guidage (23) permettant de séparer le volet de frein supérieur (5) du volet de frein inférieur (6) dans la direction axiale du détonateur.
  3. Détonateur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble frein (100) comprend des volets de frein (5, 6) disposés par paires, en nombre de deux, quatre, six, huit ou dix, où les volets de frein (5, 6) sont disposés symétriquement dans le corps de tube (2) et peuvent se replier radialement à partir du détonateur (1).
  4. Procédé de commande de la dispersion longitudinale d'un projectile par le remplacement du détonateur existant par un détonateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3.
  5. Projectile contenant un détonateur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3.
EP19880691.1A 2018-10-30 2019-10-14 Ensemble frein, détonateur et projectile Active EP3874224B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1800208A SE1800208A1 (sv) 2018-10-30 2018-10-30 Bromsanordning, tändrör samt projektil
PCT/SE2019/051007 WO2020091646A1 (fr) 2018-10-30 2019-10-14 Ensemble frein, détonateur et projectile

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3874224A1 EP3874224A1 (fr) 2021-09-08
EP3874224A4 EP3874224A4 (fr) 2022-07-27
EP3874224C0 EP3874224C0 (fr) 2024-01-10
EP3874224B1 true EP3874224B1 (fr) 2024-01-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880691.1A Active EP3874224B1 (fr) 2018-10-30 2019-10-14 Ensemble frein, détonateur et projectile

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EP (1) EP3874224B1 (fr)
SE (1) SE1800208A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020091646A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112124611B (zh) * 2020-08-22 2023-11-28 西安科为实业发展有限责任公司 一种用于筒射型折叠翼飞行器的脱壳分离系统及方法
SE2100080A1 (sv) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-20 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Projektil samt tändrör med broms

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR496912A (fr) * 1916-08-08 1919-11-20 Charles Leopold Mayer Procédé pour faire du tir plongeant sans diminuer la charge
DE2104914A1 (de) * 1971-02-03 1972-08-17 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Trägergeschoß mit absprengbarem Geschoßboden
GB9614133D0 (en) * 1996-07-05 1997-03-12 Secr Defence Means for increasing the drag on a munition
FR2786561B1 (fr) * 1998-11-30 2001-12-07 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de freinage en translation d'un projectile sur trajectoire
FR2792400B1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2002-05-03 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de freinage en translation d'un projectile sur trajectoire
DE10023345C2 (de) * 2000-05-12 2002-03-28 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Drallstabilisiertes Projektil mit Bremseinrichtung
SE540036C2 (sv) * 2013-10-10 2018-03-06 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Fenutfällningsmekanism och förfarande för fenutfällning
FR3017943B1 (fr) * 2014-02-27 2016-02-12 Nexter Munitions Fusee d'ogive de projectile d'artillerie comportant un dispositif de freinage en translation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3874224C0 (fr) 2024-01-10
SE1800208A1 (sv) 2020-05-01
WO2020091646A1 (fr) 2020-05-07
EP3874224A1 (fr) 2021-09-08
EP3874224A4 (fr) 2022-07-27

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