EP3859793A1 - Leichtes fotovoltaikmodul mit einer vorderen und einer hinteren schicht aus verbundmaterialien - Google Patents

Leichtes fotovoltaikmodul mit einer vorderen und einer hinteren schicht aus verbundmaterialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3859793A1
EP3859793A1 EP21153274.2A EP21153274A EP3859793A1 EP 3859793 A1 EP3859793 A1 EP 3859793A1 EP 21153274 A EP21153274 A EP 21153274A EP 3859793 A1 EP3859793 A1 EP 3859793A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
layer
composite
composite layer
film
fibers
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3859793B1 (de
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Julien GAUME
Stéphane GUILLEREZ
Yannick Veschetti
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, which comprise a set of photovoltaic cells electrically connected to one another, and preferably so-called “crystalline” photovoltaic cells, that is to say which are based on monocrystalline or multicrystalline silicon.
  • the invention can be implemented for many applications, in particular civil and / or military, for example stand-alone and / or on-board applications, being particularly concerned with applications which require the use of light, glassless photovoltaic modules, in particular with a weight per unit area of less than 5 kg / m 2 , and of low thickness, in particular less than 5 mm. It can thus in particular be applied for buildings such as residential or industrial premises (tertiary, commercial, etc.), for example for the realization of their roofs, for the design of urban furniture, for example for public lighting. , road signs or the recharging of electric cars, or even be used for nomadic applications (solar mobility), in particular for integration on vehicles, such as cars, buses or boats, drones, airships, between others.
  • buildings such as residential or industrial premises (tertiary, commercial, etc.), for example for the realization of their roofs, for the design of urban furniture, for example for public lighting.
  • road signs or the recharging of electric cars or even be used for nomadic applications
  • the invention thus proposes a lightweight photovoltaic module comprising a first layer forming the front face of the module, comprising a first composite layer, and a second layer forming the rear face of the module, comprising a second composite layer, as well as a production method. of such a photovoltaic module.
  • a photovoltaic module is an assembly of photovoltaic cells arranged side by side between a first transparent layer forming a front face of the photovoltaic module and a second layer forming a rear face of the photovoltaic module.
  • the first layer forming the front face of the photovoltaic module is advantageously transparent to allow the photovoltaic cells to receive a light flux. It is traditionally produced in a single glass plate, in particular tempered glass, having a thickness typically between 2 and 4 mm, conventionally of the order of 3 mm.
  • the second layer forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module can for its part be made from glass, metal or plastic, among others. It is often formed by a polymeric structure based on an electrically insulating polymer, for example of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide (PA) type, which can be protected by one or more layers based on fluoropolymers, such as polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and having a thickness of the order of 400 ⁇ m.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PA polyamide
  • fluoropolymers such as polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
  • the photovoltaic cells can be electrically connected to each other by front and rear electrical contact elements, called connecting conductors, and formed for example by tinned copper strips, respectively arranged against the front faces (faces facing the face front of the photovoltaic module intended to receive a light flux) and rear (faces facing the rear face of the photovoltaic module) of each of the photovoltaic cells, or even only on the rear face for IBC type photovoltaic cells (for " Interdigitated Back Contact ”in English).
  • IBC Interdigitated Back Contact
  • photovoltaic cells are structures for which the contacts are made on the rear face of the cell in the form of interdigitated combs. They are for example described in the American patent US 4,478,879 A .
  • the photovoltaic cells located between the first and second layers respectively forming the front and rear faces of the photovoltaic module, can be encapsulated.
  • the chosen encapsulant corresponds to a polymer of the elastomer (or rubber) type, and can for example consist of the use of two layers (or films) of poly (ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) between which the photovoltaic cells and the connecting conductors of the cells are arranged.
  • EVA poly (ethylene-vinyl acetate)
  • Each encapsulant layer can have a thickness of at least 0.2 mm and a Young's modulus typically between 2 and 400 MPa at room temperature.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 comprises a front face 2, generally made of transparent tempered glass with a thickness of about 3 mm, and a rear face 5, for example constituted by a polymer sheet, opaque or transparent, monolayer or multilayer. , having a Young's modulus greater than 400 MPa at room temperature.
  • the photovoltaic cells 4 are located between the front 2 and rear 5 of the photovoltaic module 1 by connecting conductors 6 and immersed between two front 3a and rear 3b layers of encapsulation material both forming an assembly encapsulant 3.
  • the figure 1A also shows an alternative embodiment of the example of figure 1 in which the photovoltaic cells 4 are of the IBC type, the connecting conductors 6 being only arranged against the rear faces of the photovoltaic cells 4.
  • the figures 1 and 2 also show the junction box 7 of the photovoltaic module 1, intended to receive the wiring necessary for the operation of the module.
  • this junction box 7 is made of plastic or rubber, and has a complete seal.
  • the method for producing the photovoltaic module 1 comprises a step called vacuum lamination of the various layers described above, at a temperature greater than or equal to 120 ° C, or even 140 ° C, or even 150 ° C, and lower or equal to 170 ° C, typically between 145 and 165 ° C, and for a duration of the lamination cycle of at least 10 minutes, or even 15 minutes.
  • the layers of encapsulation material 3a and 3b melt and come to include the photovoltaic cells 4, at the same time as adhesion is created at all the interfaces between the layers, namely between the front face 2 and the front layer of encapsulating material 3a, the layer of encapsulating material 3a and the front faces 4a of the photovoltaic cells 4, the rear faces 4b of the photovoltaic cells 4 and the rear layer of the encapsulating material 3b, and the layer back of encapsulation material 3b and the rear face 5 of the photovoltaic module 1.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 obtained is then framed, typically by means of an aluminum profile.
  • Such a structure has now become a standard which has significant mechanical resistance thanks to the use of a front face 2 made of thick glass and the aluminum frame, allowing it, in particular and in most cases, to comply with the IEC 61215 standards. and IEC 61730.
  • such a photovoltaic module 1 has the drawback of having a high weight, in particular a weight per unit area greater than 10 kg / m 2 , or even 12 kg / m 2 , and is therefore not suitable for certain applications for which lightness is a priority.
  • This high weight of the photovoltaic module 1 comes mainly from the presence of the thick glass, with a thickness of about 3 mm, to form the front face 2, the density of the glass being indeed high, of the order of 2.5 kg. / m 2 / mm thick, and aluminum frame.
  • the glass is tempered.
  • the industrial infrastructure of thermal toughening is configured to process glass at least 3 mm thick.
  • the choice of having a glass thickness of about 3 mm is also linked to a standard pressure mechanical resistance of 5.4 kPa.
  • glass alone thus represents almost 70% of the weight of photovoltaic module 1, and more than 80% with the aluminum frame around photovoltaic module 1.
  • sheets of polymers such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), or ethylene Fluorinated propylene (FEP), can represent an alternative to glass.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • ETFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • FEP ethylene Fluorinated propylene
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to at least partially remedy the needs mentioned above and the drawbacks relating to the embodiments of the prior art.
  • the principle of the invention consists in particular of both replacing the standard thick glass with a thickness of about 3 mm, usually used in a conventional photovoltaic module, by a first layer in the form of a multilayer comprising a polymer / fiber composite material, in particular obtained from a prepreg, and to modify the rear face of the photovoltaic module, usually formed by a polymer multilayer of the TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type with a thickness of the order of 300 ⁇ m, to also provide for the presence of a polymer / fiber composite material, in particular obtained from a prepreg.
  • TPT Tedlar / PET / Tedlar
  • an intermediate damping film in the photovoltaic module according to the invention makes it possible in particular to improve the adhesion between the composite layer and the protective film.
  • the lower the rate of impregnation of the composite the lower the direct adhesion of the protective film, taking into account the amount of resin.
  • this adhesion can be problematic for resin levels of between 30 and 50%.
  • the addition of a damping intermediate film can make it possible to improve the resistance over time of the composite layer / protective film assembly.
  • the damping intermediate film can make it possible to absorb these differences in expansion and prevent premature delamination of the protective film on the front face and / or on the back side.
  • the multilayer structure formed by the presence of a protective film, a damping intermediate film and a composite layer can make it possible to filter ultraviolet (UV) radiation in order to protect the composite layer from aging. premature.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • the first layer is formed in several parts, namely that it is multilayer.
  • the second layer can for its part be formed in one or more parts, ie it can be single-layer or multi-layer.
  • transparent means that the first layer forming the front face of the photovoltaic module is at least partially transparent to visible light, allowing at least about 80% of this light to pass.
  • the optical transparency, between 300 and 1200 nm, of each of the first and second composite layers can be greater than 80%.
  • the optical transparency, between 300 and 1200 nm, of the first damping intermediate film, and where appropriate of the second damping intermediate film may be greater than 90%.
  • the optical transparency, between 300 and 1200 nm, of the first protective film, and where appropriate of the second damping intermediate film can be greater than 80%.
  • the plurality of photovoltaic cells is arranged in a volume, for example hermetically sealed vis-à-vis liquids, at least in part formed by at least two layers of encapsulating material (s), joined together after lamination to form the encapsulant assembly.
  • the encapsulating assembly consists of at least two layers of encapsulating material (s), called core layers, between which the plurality of photovoltaic cells is encapsulated.
  • the layers of encapsulating material melt to form, after the lamination operation, only a single solidified layer (or set) in which the photovoltaic cells are embedded.
  • the photovoltaic module according to the invention may be obtained by the use of polymeric and composite materials, may have a surface weight, or grammage, of less than 4 kg / m 2 .
  • the photovoltaic module according to the invention has excellent mechanical and thermomechanical properties.
  • the photovoltaic module according to the invention can also include one or more of the following characteristics taken in isolation or according to any possible technical combination.
  • the first composite layer and the second composite layer may each have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 25 and 600 g / m 2 .
  • the first composite layer may have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 300 and 600 g / m 2 , in particular strictly greater than 300 g / m 2 and strictly less than 600 g / m 2 .
  • the second composite layer may have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 300 and 600 g / m 2 , in particular strictly greater than 300 g / m 2 and strictly less than 600 g / m 2 .
  • first composite material of the first composite layer and the second composite material of the second composite layer can each comprise an impregnation rate of polymer material, in particular of polymer resin, of between 30 and 70% by mass, in particular between 35 and 55% by mass.
  • the degree of impregnation can be between 35 and 50%, being strictly less than 50%.
  • the first composite material of the first composite layer may comprise an impregnation rate of polymer material, in particular of polymer resin, of between 30 and 50% by weight.
  • the impregnation rate can for example be determined by a loss on ignition test, the principle of which is as follows: a sample of composite material is weighed, then it is burned to degrade the polymer part, and finally we weigh what remains and which corresponds to the fiber reinforcement, in particular glass fibers.
  • a loss on ignition test is based on standards NF T57-102 and ISO 1172, and more specifically on standard NF T57-518 for prepregs with glass reinforcement.
  • Young's modulus in traction, measured according to standard EN ISO 527, of each of the first and second composite layers may be greater than 1 GPa at room temperature, being in particular less than 100 GPa.
  • the first and second composite layers can be identical.
  • the possible first and second intermediate damping films may be identical.
  • the possible first and second protective films may be identical.
  • first intermediate damping film and the optional second intermediate damping film may have a Young's modulus at 25 ° C. of between 2 and 300 MPa.
  • the first damping intermediate film and the optional second damping intermediate film may have a thickness of between 15 and 200 ⁇ m, in particular between 20 and 200 ⁇ m, in particular between 50 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • first protective film and the optional second protective film may have a thickness of between 15 and 300 ⁇ m.
  • first protective film and the optional second protective film may have a UV cutoff filter of between 320 and 450 nm, which corresponds to the wavelength for which the transmission rate is equal to 50%.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • first composite material of the first composite layer and the second composite material of the second composite layer can each be based on a polymer material and fibers, in particular formed from a prepreg, the polymer being chosen from a polyester. , an epoxy (also called an epoxy resin), an acrylic (also called an acrylic resin), a polyamide and / or a polyurethane, among others, and the fibers being chosen from glass, carbon, aramid fibers and / or natural fibers, in particular hemp, linen and / or silk, among others.
  • an epoxy also called an epoxy resin
  • acrylic also called an acrylic resin
  • the fibers being chosen from glass, carbon, aramid fibers and / or natural fibers, in particular hemp, linen and / or silk, among others.
  • first composite material of the first composite layer and the second composite material of the second composite layer can each be based on polymer material and fibers, the polymer / fiber pair being chosen from epoxy / glass, acrylic / glass and / or acrylic / linen.
  • first protective film and the optional second protective film can each be chosen from: polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA) , a fluoropolymer, in particular polyvinylfluoride (PVF) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and / or a multilayer film comprising one or more of the above polymers, among others.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PA polyamide
  • a fluoropolymer in particular polyvinylfluoride (PVF) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • the first protective film can be chosen from: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), and / or a polyvinylfluoride (PVF) / polyterephthalate multilayer.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • ETFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PVF polyvinylfluoride
  • PET polyvinyl fluoride
  • the encapsulant assembly may have a thickness of between 100 ⁇ m and 1200 ⁇ m, in particular between 200 ⁇ m and 600 ⁇ m.
  • first damping intermediate film, the optional second damping intermediate film and the encapsulant assembly can each be formed by at least one layer comprising at least one encapsulation material of polymer type chosen from: copolymers of acids, ionomers, poly (ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA), vinyl acetals, such as polyvinylbutyrals (PVB), polyurethanes, polyvinyl chlorides, polyethylenes, such as linear low density polyethylenes, polyolefins copolymer elastomers, copolymers of ⁇ -olefins and ⁇ -, ⁇ - esters of carboxylic to ethylenic acid, such as ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymers, silicone elastomers, and / or elastomers based on crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefin, among others.
  • polymer type chosen from: copolymers of acids, ionomers, poly (ethylene vinyl
  • the encapsulant assembly may be formed by at least one layer comprising at least one encapsulation material of polymer type, and said at least one encapsulation material of polymer type of the encapsulant assembly may preferably be different from the polymer material of the first composite layer and / or the polymeric material of the second composite layer.
  • the first damping film and / or the second damping film can each be formed by at least one layer comprising at least one encapsulation material of polymer type chosen from: copolymers of acids, ionomers and / or polyurethanes.
  • the first damping film and / or the second damping film can be associated with a first composite material of the first composite layer and / or a second composite material of the second composite layer each based on polymer material and fibers, the couple polymer / fibers being chosen from epoxy / glass, acrylic / glass and / or acrylic / linen.
  • the first damping film and / or the second damping film can be combined with a first protective film chosen from: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) ), and / or a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) / polyethylene terephthalate (PET) / polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) multilayer.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • ETFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PVF polyvinyl fluoride
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PVF polyvinyl fluoride
  • the first layer comprises a first composite layer comprising at least a first composite material based on epoxy resin and on glass fibers, a first damping intermediate film formed by at least one layer comprising at least one ionomer, a first film of protection comprising ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), the second composite layer in particular also comprising at least one second composite material based on epoxy resin and glass fibers.
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • the first composite material and / or the second composite material can be obtained from a prepreg of the epoxy resin type, E-glass Satin 8H 300 g / m 2 fabric impregnated at 37%.
  • the photovoltaic cells can be chosen from: homojunction or heterojunction photovoltaic cells based on monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) and / or multi-crystalline (mc-Si), and / or photovoltaic cells of the IBC type, and / or photovoltaic cells comprising at least one material from amorphous silicon (a-Si), microcrystalline silicon ( ⁇ C-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium selenide (CIS) and copper-indium / gallium diselenide (CIGS), perovskites, among others.
  • a-Si amorphous silicon
  • ⁇ C-Si microcrystalline silicon
  • CdTe cadmium telluride
  • CIS copper-indium selenide
  • CIGS copper-indium / gallium diselenide
  • the photovoltaic cells may have a thickness of between 1 and 300 ⁇ m, in particular between 1 and 200 ⁇ m, and advantageously between 70 ⁇ m and 160 ⁇ m.
  • the photovoltaic module can also include a junction box, intended to receive the wiring necessary for the operation of the photovoltaic module, which can be positioned on the front face or on the rear face of the module, preferably on the front face.
  • the spacing between two neighboring photovoltaic cells, or else consecutive or adjacent may be greater than or equal to 1 mm, in particular between 1 and 30 mm, and preferably equal to 2 mm.
  • a further subject of the invention is a method for producing a photovoltaic module as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the step of hot lamination, at a temperature between 130 ° C and 180 ° C, in particular of the order of 150 ° C, and for a duration of the lamination cycle of at least 5 minutes, in particular between 10 and 20 minutes, in particular of the order of 10 minutes, of the constituent layers of the photovoltaic module, the first composite layer and the second composite layer being obtained respectively from a first prepreg and a second prepreg intended respectively to form the first and second composite materials.
  • the first prepreg and the second prepreg can each have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 25 and 600 g / m 2 , in particular between 300 and 600 g / m 2 , in particular strictly greater than 300 g / m 2. 2 and strictly less than 600 g / m 2 .
  • the photovoltaic module and the production method according to the invention can include any one of the previously stated characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination with other characteristics.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate, in section and in exploded view, two distinct embodiments of photovoltaic modules 1 in accordance with the invention.
  • the photovoltaic cells 4, interconnected by soldered tinned copper tapes, similar to those shown in figures 1, 1A and 2 , are “crystalline” cells, that is to say they comprise mono or multicrystalline silicon, and they have a thickness of between 1 and 250 ⁇ m.
  • FIG 3 illustrates, in section and in exploded view, a first embodiment of a photovoltaic module 1 according to the invention.
  • FIG 3 corresponds to an exploded view of the photovoltaic module 1 before the lamination step of the method according to the invention. Once the lamination step has been carried out, ensuring hot and vacuum pressing, the different layers are actually superimposed on each other.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 thus comprises a first layer 2 forming the front face of the photovoltaic module 1 and intended to receive a light flux, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 4 arranged side by side and electrically connected to each other, an assembly 3 encapsulating the plurality of cells. photovoltaic 4, and a second layer 5 forming the rear face of the photovoltaic module 1.
  • junction box 7 can be arranged on the front face, as shown in the figure. figure 3 , or on the rear face, of the photovoltaic module 1.
  • the first layer 2 is multilayer and comprises: a first composite layer 2c, in contact with the encapsulant assembly 3, comprising a first composite material, formed by a prepreg, based on polymer resin and fibers; a first intermediate damping film 2b; and a first protective film 2a.
  • the second layer 5 comprises only a second composite layer 5a comprising a second composite material, formed by a prepreg, based on polymer resin and fibers.
  • the first protective film 2a is for example an ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) film, of thickness e 2a of approximately 25 ⁇ m.
  • the first damping intermediate film 2b is for example an ionomer film, for example an ionomer film obtained from the Jurasol range sold by the company Juraplast, with a thickness e 2b of approximately 100 ⁇ m.
  • the first composite layer 2c and the second composite layer 5a are for example identical and each formed by a composite material, formed by a prepreg, based on polymer resin and fibers from the HexPly® range sold by the company Hexcel.
  • the encapsulant assembly 3 is for example formed from a polyethylene base, in particular from films from the Quentys range, in particular BPO 8828, sold by the company Borealis Polyolefine GmbH. Its thickness e 3 , corresponding to the sum of the thicknesses e 3a and e 3b of the two constituent layers, is for example of the order of 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 is obtained through a single hot lamination step under vacuum at a temperature of about 150 ° C for about 15 minutes.
  • the weight per unit area obtained, without the presence of the junction box 7, is of the order of 3.6 kg / m 2 .
  • the first protective film 2a can have a thickness e 2a of between 15 and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the first intermediate damping film 2b may have a thickness e 2b of between 15 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the encapsulant assembly 3 can have a thickness e 3 of between 100 and 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the first composite layer 2c and the second composite layer 5a can each have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 30 and 600 g / m 2 .
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second exemplary embodiment in accordance with the invention.
  • the second layer 5 is also multilayer.
  • the second layer 5 comprises a second composite layer 5a, but also a second protective film 5c and a second intermediate damping film 5b.
  • first 2 and second 5 layers can be identical.
  • first 2c and second 5a composite layers may be identical
  • first 2a and second 5c protective films may be identical
  • first 2b and second 5b intermediate damping films may be identical.
  • the first 2a and second 5c protective films can for example each be a film from the dyMat range sold by the company Coveme, with a thickness e 2a , esc of the order of 283 ⁇ m.
  • the first 2b and second 5b damping intermediate films can for example each be an ionomer film, for example an ionomer film obtained from the Jurasol range marketed by the company Juraplast, of thickness e 2b , e 5b of approximately 200 ⁇ m.
  • the first 2c and second 5a composite layers can each be formed by a composite material, formed by a prepreg, based on polymer resin and fibers from the HexPly® range sold by the company Hexcel.
  • the photovoltaic module 1 is obtained through a single hot lamination step under vacuum at a temperature of about 150 ° C for about 15 minutes.
  • the weight per unit area obtained, without the presence of the junction box 7, is of the order of 2.0 kg / m 2 .
  • first protective film 2a and the second protective film 5c may have a thickness e 2a , esc of between 15 and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the first intermediate cushioning film 2b and the second film damping intermediate 5b may have a thickness e 2b , e 5b of between 15 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the encapsulant assembly 3 can have a thickness e 3 of between 100 and 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the first composite layer 2c and the second composite layer 5a can each have a reinforcement, formed by the fibers, with a surface weight of between 30 and 600 g / m 2 .

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EP21153274.2A 2020-01-27 2021-01-25 Leichtes fotovoltaikmodul mit einer vorderen und einer hinteren schicht aus verbundmaterialien Active EP3859793B1 (de)

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FR2000759A FR3106698B1 (fr) 2020-01-27 2020-01-27 Module photovoltaïque léger comportant une couche avant et une couche arrière en matériaux composites

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023194052A1 (de) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-12 Schott Ag Vorderseitensubstrat für ein solarmodul
DE102022003311B3 (de) 2022-09-09 2023-12-07 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3134653A1 (fr) 2022-04-15 2023-10-20 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Module photovoltaïque léger comportant un cadre composite intégré
FR3138001A1 (fr) 2022-07-18 2024-01-19 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Module photovoltaïque léger comportant un cadre de renfort composite

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US4478879A (en) 1983-02-10 1984-10-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Screen printed interdigitated back contact solar cell
US20050178428A1 (en) 2004-02-17 2005-08-18 Solar Roofing Systems Inc. Photovoltaic system and method of making same
WO2008019229A2 (en) 2006-08-04 2008-02-14 Arkema France Photovoltaic modules having a polyvinylidene fluoride surface
FR2955051A1 (fr) 2010-01-14 2011-07-15 Arkema France Film resistant a l'humidite a base de polymere fluore et d'oxyde inorganique pour application photovoltaique
WO2012140585A1 (en) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 M.G. Lavorazione Materie Plastiche S.P.A. Encapsulating polymeric multilayer film for cells for photovoltaic modules, and protective integrated sheet, of the type of a backsheet or frontsheet, comprising such film
EP2863443A1 (de) 2013-10-17 2015-04-22 DAS Energy GmbH Photovoltaik-Paneel und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
FR3024285A1 (fr) * 2014-07-28 2016-01-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Ensemble comportant un module photovoltaique applique sur une zone circulable
EP3244456A1 (de) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-15 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Fotovoltaikmodul, das fotovoltaikzellen umfasst, die in unterschiedlichen ausrichtungen angeordnet sind, und entsprechende fotovoltaikanlage
WO2017212194A1 (fr) * 2016-06-10 2017-12-14 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procede de fabrication d'un module photovoltaïque
WO2018076525A1 (zh) 2016-10-31 2018-05-03 上迈（香港）有限公司 一种光伏组件的层压结构及其制备方法、光伏组件
WO2019006764A1 (zh) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 上迈（香港）有限公司 一种光伏组件的层压结构及其制备方法、光伏组件
WO2019006765A1 (zh) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 老虎表面技术新材料（苏州）有限公司 光伏组件用复合封装材料及该复合封装材料的制备方法
WO2019184242A1 (zh) 2018-03-30 2019-10-03 君泰创新（北京）科技有限公司 一种柔性电池组件及其制备方法
WO2019224458A1 (fr) * 2018-05-22 2019-11-28 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Module photovoltaïque léger et flexible comportant une couche avant en polymère et une couche arrière en matériau composite

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4478879A (en) 1983-02-10 1984-10-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Screen printed interdigitated back contact solar cell
US20050178428A1 (en) 2004-02-17 2005-08-18 Solar Roofing Systems Inc. Photovoltaic system and method of making same
WO2008019229A2 (en) 2006-08-04 2008-02-14 Arkema France Photovoltaic modules having a polyvinylidene fluoride surface
FR2955051A1 (fr) 2010-01-14 2011-07-15 Arkema France Film resistant a l'humidite a base de polymere fluore et d'oxyde inorganique pour application photovoltaique
WO2012140585A1 (en) 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 M.G. Lavorazione Materie Plastiche S.P.A. Encapsulating polymeric multilayer film for cells for photovoltaic modules, and protective integrated sheet, of the type of a backsheet or frontsheet, comprising such film
EP2863443A1 (de) 2013-10-17 2015-04-22 DAS Energy GmbH Photovoltaik-Paneel und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
FR3024285A1 (fr) * 2014-07-28 2016-01-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Ensemble comportant un module photovoltaique applique sur une zone circulable
EP3244456A1 (de) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-15 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Fotovoltaikmodul, das fotovoltaikzellen umfasst, die in unterschiedlichen ausrichtungen angeordnet sind, und entsprechende fotovoltaikanlage
WO2017212194A1 (fr) * 2016-06-10 2017-12-14 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procede de fabrication d'un module photovoltaïque
WO2018076525A1 (zh) 2016-10-31 2018-05-03 上迈（香港）有限公司 一种光伏组件的层压结构及其制备方法、光伏组件
WO2019006764A1 (zh) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 上迈（香港）有限公司 一种光伏组件的层压结构及其制备方法、光伏组件
WO2019006765A1 (zh) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 老虎表面技术新材料（苏州）有限公司 光伏组件用复合封装材料及该复合封装材料的制备方法
WO2019184242A1 (zh) 2018-03-30 2019-10-03 君泰创新（北京）科技有限公司 一种柔性电池组件及其制备方法
WO2019224458A1 (fr) * 2018-05-22 2019-11-28 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Module photovoltaïque léger et flexible comportant une couche avant en polymère et une couche arrière en matériau composite

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023194052A1 (de) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-12 Schott Ag Vorderseitensubstrat für ein solarmodul
DE102022003311B3 (de) 2022-09-09 2023-12-07 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil

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ES2948836T3 (es) 2023-09-20
EP3859793B1 (de) 2023-05-10
FR3106698A1 (fr) 2021-07-30
FR3106698B1 (fr) 2023-10-06

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