EP3859267A1 - Garment, textile material for making a garment, and method for manufacturing a garment - Google Patents

Abstract

An item of clothing (14) comprises a textile carrier material (16) and at least one armor element (18). It is proposed that the item of clothing (14) comprises a multiplicity of armor elements (18) arranged like scales and connected to the textile carrier material (16).

Description

The invention relates to an item of clothing, a textile material for producing an item of clothing, and a method for producing an item of clothing according to the preambles of the independent claims.

The possible threats have increased significantly in recent years. The risk to emergency personnel has also increased. Increasingly, emergency services, the fire brigade and also the police were attacked in action or by the following Threats injured or killed. Special items of clothing are known to protect people. For example disclosed DE 10 2014 223 983 A1 a piece of safety clothing which can have an armor element.

The object of the present invention is to provide an item of clothing which can be worn by a person without being uncomfortable and which nevertheless protects the person with high reliability against physical attacks, for example by means of stabbing weapons.

This object is achieved by an item of clothing, a textile material and a method for producing an item of clothing with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Specifically, an item of clothing is proposed, comprising a textile carrier material and at least one armor element, the article of clothing comprising a plurality of armor elements arranged like scales and connected to the textile carrier material.

According to the invention, it was recognized that particularly effective protection, in particular against attacks with stabbing weapons, can be created by an item of clothing with a large number of armor elements arranged in a scale-like manner. This may be related to the fact that when attacking people with stabbing weapons, the Stabbing weapons are often not positioned absolutely orthogonally to the body surface or to the surface of the garment. The scale-like structure and the relative mobility of the scales with one another, which is inherent in scales, increases the likelihood that the sting will be deflected to the side, thereby preventing serious injury to the person being attacked.

A comfortable wearing of the item of clothing by a user is nevertheless made possible, since a scale-like arrangement of the armor elements allows a certain relative movement of the scales to one another, whereby the freedom of movement of the person wearing the item of clothing is guaranteed. The item of clothing can be outer clothing, for example in the form of a shirt, trousers, jacket, coat, glove or hat, and underwear, for example in the form of a shirt and / or trousers, and / or simply a so-called baselayer, both on the body and on the head, for example in the form of a headgear or a hood.

In the present case, "scale-like" means that adjacent, in particular upper and lower armor elements either overlap in certain areas, similar to the shingles of a roof or the scales of reptiles, or are arranged, for example, in a checkerboard manner. Also, this term means that at least some relative Mobility between adjacent armor elements is possible, so that the garment is flexible overall and the freedom of movement of the person who wears it is guaranteed. While the textile carrier material is flexible and can adapt to the body shape of the person who wears it, the armor elements are preferably made of a hard and impact-resistant or impact-resistant material.

In a further development it is provided that the multiplicity of armor elements is printed onto the textile carrier material. It can again be preferred that at least some of the armor elements are applied to the textile carrier material by means of 3D printing, in particular by means of FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), or by means of transfer printing. This is inexpensive and also allows complex three-dimensional scale-like structures to be created on the textile carrier material. FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is particularly suitable here, as a large number of very suitable materials can be used for the armor elements with this method.

In a further development, provision is made for a separating layer to be present between areas of at least some of the armor elements and the textile carrier material, at least temporarily, in particular initially, i.e. during the application of the armor elements to the textile carrier material, which prevents the armor element from adhering to the textile carrier material in these areas textile carrier material. The separating layer can, for example, be applied in advance to the textile carrier material, or it can be produced during the manufacture of the armor elements. The separating layer can be designed as a support structure which can comprise, for example, a water-soluble plastic or an easily breakable plastic. The separating layer can also be printed on. The separating layer ensures good relative mobility between adjacent armor elements and between the armor elements and the textile carrier material. This improves both comfort and protection.

In a further development it is provided that the textile carrier material is flame-retardant according to DIN EN 469 and / or a protective material according to EN ISO 11612 and / or according to DIN EN 388. In this way, the item of clothing fulfills a double function in that, in addition to protecting against physical attacks, it also protects the person wearing the item of clothing from flames and / or heat and / or from cuts. This is particularly useful when the item of clothing is used, for example, by the fire brigade or security forces.

In a further development it is provided that the textile carrier material comprises carbon, glass and / or aramid fibers. Such a textile carrier material contributes to the protection of a person in addition to the armor elements arranged like scales. In principle, however, almost all materials can be used, including UHMP (ultra high modulus polyethylene), steel fibers, or normal wool.

In a further development, it is provided that the item of clothing comprises, at least in some areas, a functional material which removes sweat from a body surface of a person wearing the item of clothing by means of capillary action. In this way, the garment also fulfills a double function in that it is comfortable to wear. The functional material is preferably provided in those areas in which the removal of sweat is particularly useful, for example in the area of the armpits, the abdomen and / or the crotch.

In a further development it is provided that the item of clothing comprises elastically stretchable areas. This also improves the wearing comfort of the garment. The elastically stretchable areas are preferably only arranged where the freedom of movement of the person wearing the item of clothing is actually improved, for example in the area of the shoulder, the elbow and laterally between the hip and armpit.

In a further development it is provided that at least some of the armor elements are glued to the textile carrier material by means of an adhesive. This is an inexpensive variant, for example, in the event that the armor elements are prefabricated at least in certain areas.

In a further development, it is provided that at least some of the armor elements are only connected to the textile carrier material at an end edge. In this way, a very good mobility of the scale-like armoring elements relative to one another and thus a high level of comfort for the item of clothing according to the invention is ensured. The connection can be linear or punctiform.

In a further development, it is provided that at least some of the armor elements are connected to the textile carrier material at an end edge and at least in the region of a longitudinal edge. Although this restricts the relative mobility of the armor elements with respect to one another, it ensures a better hold of the armor elements on the textile carrier material and thus a longer service life of the item of clothing.

In a further development it is provided that the armor elements are made of a plastic material. This keeps the weight of the garment low.

In a further development it is provided that at least some of the armor elements comprise aramid, a thermoplastic polyurethane, PP, ABS, POM and / or PA. The aramid may be a poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide or a poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide)) and it has a very good one Resistance to penetration by stabbing weapons, for example, but also by projectiles. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has very good adhesive properties on textiles.

In a further development, it is provided that the plurality of armor elements are only present in those areas of the item of clothing which, when the item of clothing is worn by a person, are in areas of the person's body that are particularly critical for the person's health, in particular in the area a heart and / or an abdominal cavity. This further reduces the weight of the garment and improves wearing comfort.

Figur 1

ein Kleidungsstück in Form eines Shirts (Langarm-Unterhemd), umfassend ein textiles Trägermaterial und eine Vielzahl von Panzerungselementen;

Figur 2

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines der Panzerungselemente von Figur 1;

Figuren 3-6

alternative Ausführungsformen von Panzerungselementen;

Figur 7

eine Variante des Kleidungsstücks von Figur 1, bei dem nur in bestimmten Bereichen Panzerungselemente vorhanden sind;

Figur 8

ein rechteckiges Panzerungselement, an dem ein Bereich gezeichnet ist, in dem es mit dem textilen Trägermaterial verbunden ist;

Figur 9

eine Darstellung ähnlich zu Figur 8, jedoch einer alternativen Ausführungsform;

Figur 10

eine Darstellung ähnlich zu Figur 8, jedoch einer nochmals alternativen Ausführungsform;

Figur 11

eine Variante des Kleidungsstücks von Figur 1 oder Figur 7, bei dem zusätzlich elastisch dehnbare Bereiche vorhanden sind;

Figur 12

eine Darstellung ähnlich zu Figur 1 einer alternativen Ausführungsform; und

Figur 13

ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Kleidungsstücks nach den vorhergehenden Figuren.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing show:

Figure 1

an item of clothing in the form of a shirt (long-sleeved undershirt), comprising a textile carrier material and a plurality of armor elements;

Figure 2

an enlarged view of one of the armor elements of FIG Figure 1 ;

Figures 3-6

alternative embodiments of armor elements;

Figure 7

a variant of the garment from Figure 1 where armor elements are only present in certain areas;

Figure 8

a rectangular armor element on which an area is drawn in which it is connected to the textile carrier material;

Figure 9

a representation similar to Figure 8 , but an alternative embodiment;

Figure 10

a representation similar to Figure 8 , but in yet another alternative embodiment;

Figure 11

a variant of the garment from Figure 1 or Figure 7 , in which there are also elastically stretchable areas;

Figure 12

a representation similar to Figure 1 an alternative embodiment; and

Figure 13

a flow chart of a method for producing an item of clothing according to the preceding figures.

In the following, functionally equivalent elements and areas also have the same reference symbols in different embodiments. They are normally only explained in detail when they are mentioned for the first time.

An item of clothing in the form of a long-sleeved shirt bears the overall reference numeral 14 in the figures. In the present case, the item of clothing 14 is designed as a shirt only by way of example. In principle, it could also be, for example, trousers, a jacket, a coat, a sweater, a glove, a cap, or the like. It can also be an item of outer clothing or underwear, or, for example, a base layer.

The item of clothing 14 is made of a textile material 15, which in turn comprises a textile carrier material 16 as well as a plurality of armor elements 18 arranged like scales on the textile carrier material 16 and connected to the textile carrier material 16. Both the textile carrier material 16 and the armor elements 18 are shown in FIG Figure 1 only drawn in a small area for the sake of simplicity. In fact, all of it is in Figure 1 The garment 14 shown in the drawing is made from the textile carrier material 16, and in fact the entire garment 14 is provided with the armor elements 18. Alternatively, as will be explained below, only certain areas of the item of clothing 14 can be provided with the armor elements 18. “Scale-like” means that adjacent, in particular upper and lower armor elements 18 overlap in some areas, similar to the shingles of a roof or the scales of reptiles. It also means that adjacent armor elements 18 are movable relative to one another.

The textile carrier material 16 is preferably flame-retardant according to DIN EN 469 and / or a protective material according to EN ISO 11612 and / or according to DIN EN 388. It can comprise carbon fibers, glass fibers and / or aramid fibers. Aramid fibers in particular also provide protection against the penetration of stabbing weapons and / or projectiles from firearms. At least in some areas, the textile carrier material can comprise a functional material (not shown) which removes sweat from a body surface of a person wearing the item of clothing 14 by means of capillary action. The functional material is preferably only provided in those areas in which it is particularly useful to remove sweat, for example in the area of the armpits, the abdomen and / or the crotch.

The armor elements 18 are preferably made of a plastic material. Here, too, aramid is particularly suitable, but also thermoplastic polyurethane, PP, ABS, POM and / or PA. Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) and poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMPI) as well as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) have proven to be particularly suitable because they have very good adhesion properties to many textile carrier materials 16.

The armor elements 18 are applied to the textile carrier material 16 by means of 3D printing, preferably by means of FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), or by means of transfer printing or another printing method. It is to Note that the textile carrier material 16 in many cases cannot be printed with an FDM printer without further measures, since the plastic melt used for the armor elements 18 has a high viscosity and thus a frictional connection between a nozzle of a 3D printer and the one to be printed textile carrier material 16 is produced. If the nozzle is moved for the printing process, there is a risk that the textile carrier material 16 will follow the nozzle due to the high flexibility until the frictional connection is separated and the textile carrier material 16 moves out of a desired position. It is therefore advantageous if a fixing device (not shown) is used which fixes the textile carrier material 16 during the printing process.

The geometry of the armor elements 18 can be selected according to the specific requirements. Bionic approaches can be used for an optimal design. What is important here is the ratio of the adhesive surface of an armor element 18 to the textile carrier material 16, the area of the armor element 18 that is in contact with the textile carrier material 16, and the absolute size and thickness of the armor element 18 and the textile carrier material 16 means a high adhesive force. However, a large adhesive surface leads to a lower flexibility of the textile material 15. Ultimately, in most applications, the goal is to have the smallest possible adhesive surface between the armor element 18 and textile carrier material 16 and the largest possible area of an armoring element 18 to achieve.

the Figures 2-6 show various possible geometries of armor elements 18. It is possible that the textile material 15 of the item of clothing 14 has armor elements 18 only of a single geometry. However, it is also conceivable that different areas of the item of clothing 14 are covered with different geometries of armor elements 18.

The armor element 18 in Figure 2 is similar to the shingles of a roof in the shape of a beaver tail with an in Figure 2 upper straight front edge 20, two longitudinal edges 22 and a curved lower front edge 24. This geometry of armor elements 18 is used in the in Figure 1 drawn garment 14 is used as an example. On the textile carrier material 16, the armor element 18 is preferably in the (also in Figure 1 ) Alignment drawn, that is, with the straight front edge 20 at the top and the curved front edge 24 at the bottom. The armor element in Figure 3 is rectangular with two straight front edges 20 and 24 and two straight longitudinal edges 22. This armor element 18 would also be arranged on the textile carrier material 16 in the orientation shown. Alternatively, it can also be used in the in Figure 4 Alignment drawn are arranged, that is, that the narrow frontal edges 20 and 24 laterally and the long longitudinal edges 22 are arranged above and below. An oval or elliptical shape of an armoring element 18, as shown in FIG Figure 5 is drawn. An essentially circular shape in the manner of a sequin, as shown in FIG Figure 6 is drawn.

In Figure 7 an item of clothing 14 is drawn which does not have armor elements 18 on its entire surface, but only in two areas 26 and 28 shown here by way of example. These areas 26 and 28 are particularly critical for the health of a person wearing the item of clothing 14. While the area 26, when the item of clothing 14 is worn by a person, lies in the area of a heart of the person, the area 28 lies in the area of an abdominal cavity of the person.

the Figures 8-10 show how an armor element 18 can be connected to the textile carrier material 16, using the example of the rectangular armor element 18 from FIG Figure 3 . However, the types of attachment shown are readily applicable to the others in the Figures 2-6 shown geometries of armor elements 18 applicable. An area in which the armor element 18 is connected to the textile carrier material 16 is shown in FIG Figures 8-10 Drawn hatched and provided with the reference numeral 30. One recognizes from Figure 8 that there the armouring element 18 with the textile carrier material 16 only on its upper front edge 20 connected is. With the variant of Figure 9 on the other hand, the armor element 18 is connected to the textile carrier material 16 both at its upper front edge 20 and in an upper region of its two longitudinal edges 22. With the variant of Figure 10 the connection area 30 is punctiform and is arranged in the area of the front upper edge 20 of the armor element 18. Another possible variant is not shown here, namely a full-surface connection of an armoring element with the textile carrier material.

In order to realize a connection of an armoring element 18 with the textile carrier material 16 only in certain areas, as is exemplified in FIGS Figures 8-10 is drawn, the armor element 18 can be prefabricated instead of the above-described 3D printing and glued to the textile carrier material 16 with an adhesive. This is indicated by way of example for the punctiform connecting region 30, where the adhesive is denoted by the reference symbol 32.

As an alternative to this, it is possible that, when the armor element 18 is applied to the textile carrier material 16 by means of 3D printing, the connection in the connecting area 30 is only produced in certain areas by the provision of a separating layer which adheres in the areas outside the connecting areas 30 of the armor element 18 on the textile carrier material 16 prevented. Such a separating layer is in the Figures 8 and 9 drawn by a dotted area 34. One Such a separating layer 34 can be designed as a support structure, which can comprise, for example, a water-soluble plastic or an easily breakable plastic. The separating layer 34 can also be printed on. The separating layer 34 and the armor elements 18 can thus be applied to the textile carrier material 16 by means of a two-component 3D printing process, for example.

At the in Figure 11 The illustrated variant of an item of clothing 14 has elastically stretchable areas 36, in this case in the area of an armpit and an area between the armpit and hip, in the area of a shoulder and in the area of a neckline of the item of clothing 14. It is possible that these elastically stretchable areas 36 are not included Armor elements 18 are occupied.

At the in Figure 12 In the variant shown in the drawing of an item of clothing 14, the armor elements 18 are essentially square. In addition, in this variant, the armor elements 18 are connected over the entire surface to the textile carrier material 16, that is to say not just at one edge or at one point. Finally, in this variant, the armor elements 18 are arranged in the manner of a chessboard, so that four armor elements 18 each delimit an area 37 of the textile carrier material 16, which is also square and is not covered with an armor element. One of those too In the present case, the checkerboard-like arrangement is referred to as "scale-like".

Here, too, for reasons of illustration, only a small section of the area of the item of clothing 14 covered with armor elements 18 is drawn. It goes without saying that the square configuration of the armor elements 18, their full-surface connection with the carrier material and their arrangement in the manner of a chessboard are features that can be implemented independently of one another. Furthermore, it goes without saying that such a checkerboard-like arrangement is not necessarily only possible with square armor elements, but also, for example, with hexagonal armor elements, triangular armor elements, etc.

In Figure 13 a method of making the garment 14 is shown. After a starting block 38, the textile carrier material 16 is provided in a block 40. In a block 42, a multiplicity of armor elements 18 arranged in a scale-like manner are then applied to the textile carrier material 16, in particular imprinted by means of 3D printing. The method ends in an end block 44.

Claims (15)

Garment (14), comprising a textile carrier material (16) and at least one armor element (18), characterized in that the garment (14) comprises a plurality of armor elements (18) arranged like scales and connected to the textile carrier material (16). Garment according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of armor elements (18) is printed on the textile carrier material (16), in particular that at least some of the armor elements (18) are printed onto the textile by means of 3D printing, in particular by means of FDM, or by means of transfer printing Carrier material (16) are applied. Garment (14) according to claim 2, characterized in that between areas of at least some of the armor elements (18) and the textile carrier material (16) there is at least temporarily a separating layer (34) which, in these areas, enables the armor element (18) to adhere to the textile carrier material (16) prevented. Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the textile carrier material (16) is flame-retardant according to DIN EN 469 and / or a protective material according to EN ISO 11612 and / or according to DIN EN 388. Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the textile carrier material (16) comprises carbon, glass and / or aramid fibers. Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least some areas of a functional material which removes sweat from a body surface of a person wearing the garment (14) by means of capillary action. Garment according to (14) at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises elastically stretchable areas (36). Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the armor elements (18) are glued to the textile carrier material (16) by means of an adhesive (32). Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the armor elements (18) are connected to the textile carrier material (16) only at an end edge (20). Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the armor elements (18) are connected to the textile carrier material (16) at a front edge (20) and at least in the region of a longitudinal edge (22). Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armor elements (18) are made from a plastic material. Garment (14) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least some of the armor elements (18) comprise aramid, a thermoplastic polyurethane, PP, ABS, POM and / or PA. Garment (14) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of armor elements (18) is only present in those areas (26, 28) of the garment (14) which when the garment (14) is from a Person is carried in areas (26, 28) of the person's body that are particularly critical for the person's health, in particular in the area of a heart and / or an abdominal cavity. Textile material (15) for the production of an item of clothing (14), characterized in that it is a textile carrier material (16) and at least in some areas a large number of scaly arranged and on the textile carrier material (16) printed armor elements (18). Method for producing an item of clothing (14) according to at least one of Claims 1-13, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. Providing a textile carrier material (16), b. Applying, in particular printing, a large number of armor elements (18) arranged like scales onto the textile carrier material (16).

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