EP3857666A1 - Dispositif et procédé de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants d'un système d'énergie - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants d'un système d'énergie

Info

Publication number
EP3857666A1
EP3857666A1 EP19801718.8A EP19801718A EP3857666A1 EP 3857666 A1 EP3857666 A1 EP 3857666A1 EP 19801718 A EP19801718 A EP 19801718A EP 3857666 A1 EP3857666 A1 EP 3857666A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
flows
components
maximum
optimization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19801718.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Niessen
Sebastian Schreck
Sebastian THIEM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3857666A1 publication Critical patent/EP3857666A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
    • Y04S50/10—Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • Energy systems typically have a plurality of components, in particular energy producers and energy consumers. Here it is necessary to coordinate the energy flows, that is to say the exchange of energy, typically electrical current or electrical energy, between the components of the energy system.
  • the components can be coordinated centrally using a coordination platform.
  • the coordination platform can carry out an optimization process by means of which the energy flows between the components are calculated as efficiently or optimally in advance, for example one day in advance (English: day-ahead).
  • the coordination platform can also be designed as a trading platform so that the components can submit sales offers and purchase offers.
  • the sales offers and purchase offers relating to a form of energy can be taken into account in the optimization, with typically the maximum possible and in this sense the best possible energy turnover being advantageous.
  • the integration of an energy store is difficult for known coordination platforms. This is the case because an energy storage system couples different points in time, and so far sales and purchase offers have had to be submitted at the same time, for example for all time intervals of the following day (English: day-ahead spot market).
  • the present invention has for its object to enable the integration of an energy storage in a coordination platform.
  • the device according to the invention for controlling energy flows between components of an energy system comprises a control device for controlling the energy flows, the energy flows being calculable in advance for an time range by means of an optimization method by means of the control device.
  • the components of the energy system, and thus the energy system comprise at least one energy store according to the invention.
  • the energy flows can be calculated and controlled by means of the control device in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is essentially the same as the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time range.
  • control device is designed to control the energy flows based on the calculated solution of the optimization method in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time period is essentially the same as the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time period.
  • the charge states of the energy store are essentially the same at the beginning and at the end of the time range, that is to say at the edges of the time range.
  • two states of charge are essentially the same in the sense of the present invention, if these relate to one another. which have a deviation of at most 5 percent, preferably of at most 3 percent, particularly preferably of at most 1 percent.
  • the charge states are particularly preferably the same.
  • the charging conditions are the same.
  • Each energy generator is designed to generate at least one form of energy and provides this for one or more energy consumers.
  • Each energy consumer is designed to consume at least one of the forms of energy provided by the energy producers.
  • the energy forms of the energy producers can be different.
  • electrical current and / or thermal energy / heat is provided as an energy form.
  • the energy flows can thus be electrical currents and / or thermal currents.
  • the device according to the invention forms a central coordination platform that controls the energy flows between the components of the energy system based on the solution of the optimization method (previously calculating the energy flows) by means of the control device.
  • the control device By means of the control device, the energy flows between the components of the energy system can be controlled based on the solution of the optimization method.
  • An optimization method in the sense of the present invention is a method for maximizing or minimizing a target function, the energy flows forming the optimization variables of the target function. Maximizing or minimizing the objective function is typically complex and is therefore typically numerical. No exact maximum or minimum of the objective function is required.
  • the result of the optimization process is at least the energy flows between the components of the energy system.
  • the control device controls the components of the energy system or the energy flows between the components of the energy system as far as possible according to the energy flows calculated in advance. This ensures the most efficient or optimal painterly operation of the energy system.
  • the energy flows through the controller are calculated in advance for a day (time range).
  • control device is designed to calculate and control the energy flows in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is substantially equal to the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time range.
  • the state of charge of the energy store has periodic boundary conditions with respect to the time range.
  • the present invention in particular in that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is equal to the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time range, advantageously enables the energy store to be integrated into a central coordination platform or trading platform. In particular, this advantageously ensures that the energy store merely provides flexibility within the energy system or for the coordination platform. In other words, the energy store in this sense neither generates nor consumes energy, but only stores it temporarily. This also enables economically fair operation of the energy store within the device and thus also within a trading platform.
  • the energy flows are calculated in advance for a time range by means of an optimization method. According to the invention, the energy flows are calculated and controlled in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is essentially the same as the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time range.
  • the energy flows are controlled by means of the control device based on the calculated solution of the optimization method, the calculation of the energy flows by means of the optimization method and thus the control being carried out in such a way that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is substantially equal to the state of charge the energy storage is at the beginning of the time range.
  • the device according to the invention has the same and equivalent advantages.
  • the energy flows are preferably optimized under the secondary condition that the state of charge of the energy store at the end of the time range is substantially equal to the state of charge of the energy store at the beginning of the time range.
  • the secondary condition is particularly preferably determined mathematically in such a way that the charge states, at least for the optimization, are mathematically the same.
  • the components of the energy system comprise a plurality of energy producers and a plurality of energy consumers, the energy producers, the energy consumers and the at least one energy store being connected to one another by means of an energy transmission network.
  • the energy flows between the components of the energy system can advantageously take place via the energy transmission network, for example a power network.
  • the energy transmission network can be a local energy transmission network with respect to the components of the energy system, and can be connected or coupled to a higher-level energy transmission network, in particular a power network, for energy exchange.
  • physical power capacities of the energy transmission network and / or of the higher-level energy transmission network can be taken into account in the optimization, that is to say in the optimization method that the control device carries out.
  • a fee for using the energy transmission network and / or a fee for using the higher-level energy transmission network can be taken into account.
  • the device comprises a communication interface for the bidirectional exchange of data containers between the control device and the components, the data stored by means of the data container being able to be taken into account in the optimization process.
  • control device can advantageously communicate with the components of the energy system. Furthermore, information about the components can advantageously be taken into account by the control device in the optimization method.
  • the device thus advantageously forms a central communication device, control device and coordination platform with respect to the components.
  • the data containers include control data provided for controlling the power flows.
  • the control device uses the optimization method, in particular taking into account information about the components, to calculate the power rivers.
  • the control data are then transmitted to the components by means of the communication interface, the control data being designed in such a way that the components are operated in accordance with the calculated energy flows.
  • the components are symbolically informed of the result of the optimization process using the control data.
  • a further control unit can be provided (English: edge device), which capture the control data and control the respective component in accordance with the captured control data.
  • the control device thus controls the components by means of the control units.
  • the device forms a central coordination platform, which is coupled for data exchange with the control units (local control units) of each component for data exchange.
  • a maximum available energy quantity of each energy generator and a maximum obtainable energy quantity of each energy consumer are stored by means of the data container.
  • the control device for the energy producers knows their respective maximum amount of energy that can be provided, and for the energy consumers their respective maximum amount of energy that can be obtained. This advantageously ensures that the components of the energy system are operated as part of their technical design.
  • the physical data or physical information (for example the maximum amount of energy that can be provided and the maximum amount of energy that can be obtained) can be taken into account as secondary conditions in the optimization process.
  • the constraint P t generator At t ⁇ ⁇ 8QG / falls denotes the maximum amount of energy that can be provided by the generator at time t and p i generators ⁇ - ⁇ _ q the power of the energy generator calculated at time t.
  • the constraint applies to one of the energy consumers
  • m axy also r if £ ' maxy smokers who at the time t by the the maximum amount of energy that can be obtained and p f the consumer is the power consumed by the energy consumer (load) calculated at time t.
  • the data container stores a maximum storage capacity of the energy store, a maximum charging power of the energy storage device, a maximum discharge power of the energy storage device, a charging efficiency of the energy storage device and / or a discharge efficiency of the energy storage device.
  • the aforementioned physical or technical parameters of the energy store in particular its maximum charging power and maximum discharging power, can also be time-dependent, that is to say have an index t. Additional physical or technical parameters can be provided and taken into account in the constraints of the optimization process or be taken into account by the control device in the optimization process.
  • a minimum sales price of each energy generator and a maximum purchase price of each energy consumer is stored by means of the data container.
  • the device advantageously forms a trading platform, in particular a local energy market.
  • the minimum sales prices and the maximum purchase prices are taken into account in the optimization process.
  • the probability of an energy flow between components of the energy system is advantageously increased, so that the energy market can advantageously be operated as energetically and efficiently as possible.
  • each component of the energy system comprises a control unit (edge device) coupled to the control device via the communication interface for data exchange.
  • control device data containers or data or information can advantageously be exchanged between the control device and the components.
  • global control of the components is made possible by the device, the components being controlled in accordance with the solution of the optimization method. This enables the most efficient operation of the device, in particular the energy market.
  • a temporal shift of the energy flows for at least one of the components is taken into account in the optimization.
  • time-shiftable loads can advantageously be used, for example charging an electric vehicle, when Optimization procedures are taken into account.
  • the secondary condition takes into account
  • the point in time at which the energy is drawn is not relevant within the time range from t start to t Enc . Only the amount of energy delivered in this time range must not exceed the maximum amount of energy that can be drawn.
  • the time range from t start to t end is a real subset of the time range T or the entire time range T.
  • the type of energy flows is taken into account in the optimization.
  • the energy consumers can transmit preferences for a type of electricity to the control device. For example, electricity should be obtained from photovoltaic systems before. These energy consumer preferences can be taken into account in the optimization process. Taking into account further preferences of the energy consumers and / or energy producers in the optimization process is possible and provided.
  • the single figure shows schematically a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 1 comprises energy generators 2 and energy consumers 3. Furthermore, the device 1 comprises one or more energy stores 4 and one or more loads 5 that can be shifted in time, for example an electric vehicle.
  • the energy generator 2, the energy consumer 3 and the energy storage 4 and the time-shiftable load 5 form the components 2, ..., 5 of an energy system.
  • the power system comprising the power generator 2, the energy consumer 3, the energy store 4 and the time-Lich movable load 5, wherein the energy flows between the components 2, ..., 5 of the power system by means of a STEU ⁇ ervoriques 42 controllable, in particular controllable, are.
  • the device 1 comprises the control device 42.
  • the energy producers 2, the energy consumers 3 and the energy storage 4 are coupled by means of an energy transmission network 110, for example a power network, for the exchange of energy (energy flows).
  • an energy transmission network 110 for example a power network, for the exchange of energy (energy flows).
  • the energy transmission network 110 enables the energy flows between the components of the energy system.
  • control device 42 has, for example by means of a communication interface, a data connection to each component 2,..., 5 of the energy system.
  • the data are ⁇ connections, ..., illustrated by the arrows 101,104 and net gekennzeich below with the same references.
  • the data connections 101, ..., 104 can be unidirectional or bidirectional.
  • a data exchange, with play by means of data containers, between the tax advantage direction 42 and the components 2, ..., 5 of the energy system he ⁇ follow.
  • the power generator 2 transmitted through the data link 102, at least its maximum at a time t ⁇ provides adjustable energy amount For example, in kilowatts hours ⁇ , and its minimum selling price ger, at play, in cents per kilowatt hour, the Steuervorrich- device 42.
  • a carbon dioxide emission and / or a primary energy input can be transmitted to the control device 42.
  • the data container, by means of which the amount of energy that can be provided at a time t max and the minimum sales price at time t stored, can be referred to as a buy offer.
  • the energy consumers 3 use the data connection 104 to transmit at least their maximum available amount of energy £ mtx b t smoke i ü, for example in kilowatt hours, and their maximum purchase price c ⁇ x b t smoker , for example in cents per kilowatt hour, to them Control device 42.
  • a carbon dioxide emission and / or a primary energy input can be transmitted to the control device 42.
  • the data containers by means of which the maximum amount of energy provided adjustable at a time t and the time t minimum Ver purchase price TM is stored uger, can be used as Buyer: are designated (English buy order).
  • the at least one energy store 4 transmits at least its maximum available storage capacity by means of the data connection 101 for example in kilowatt hours, an initial state of charge ⁇ Q for example in kilowatt hours, its maximum charging power i * L a d en , max 'for example in kilowatt, its maximum discharging power ⁇ E n tl a d en , max, for example in kilowatts, its charging efficiency i / L a d erw, for example, in percent, its discharge efficiency i / E n tl a d erw, for example, in percent, and a possible time-dependent, mri remuneration C E n tiade n , min , t for each discharged amount of energy, e.g. in cents per Kilowatt hour.
  • the data container by means of which the parameters mentioned for the energy store are stored, can be referred to as a storage offer (English: storage order).
  • Pmax. tr for example in kilowatts, as well as a possible time-dependent maximum payment For example, in cents per kilowatt hour, to the control device 42.
  • the data container by means of which the parameters mentioned for the displaceable load 5 are stored, can be referred to as flexibility offer 1 (English: Flex-Buy-Order 1).
  • a displaceable generation (not shown) can be provided.
  • the generation units which have a time-shiftable generation, transmit, for example, by means of the data connection 102 at least a maximum amount of energy that can be made available in a further shift period T Erzeu S er ' S r
  • T Erzeu S er ' S r For example, in kilowatt-hour per T Erzeu g e r SI may be a time-dependent maximum at g-circuit power for example in kilowatts, as well as a possible time-dependent maximum sales remuneration for example in cents per kilowatt hour, to the control device 42.
  • the data container by means of which the parameters mentioned for the moveable generators are stored, can be referred to as flexibility offer 2 (English: Flex-Buy-Order 2).
  • the data or parameters transmitted by means of the data container are used to parameterize the optimization method.
  • An optimization process typically includes an objective function that should be minimized or maximized.
  • the objective function includes variables whose values are the result of the optimization process and parameters that do not change when the optimization is carried out.
  • the optimization procedure is parameterized when all parameters have a certain value.
  • the variables of the optimization process are the energy flows between the components. Typically, the energy flows are measured one day in advance, i.e. for the next day calculates.
  • the target function can be a total carbon dioxide mission of the energy system, a total primary energy use of the energy system and / or the total cost of the energy system.
  • wob and P i>n> t are the variables.
  • the optimization process which is carried out by means of the control device, minimizes the mentioned objective function and determines or calculates the variables PZT ger ' p tni rauchei v discharge, t .n. k and P i>n> t .
  • PST 1 is the power of the energy generator k at the network node n at time t, p ⁇ consumer Power of the energy consumer k at the network node n at the time t, i *
  • the optimization problem i.e. the calculation of the maximum or minimum of the objective function, typically takes place under constraints. For example, physically
  • the energy store 4 merely forms a flexibility that enables decoupling of energy generation and energy consumption.
  • the displaceable load 5 can by means of the constraint
  • the control device 42 controls the components based on the solution of the Optimization process. This improves the efficiency of the energy system, for example maximum energy turnover. This is particularly the case because the energy store 4 enables flexibility and this can be taken into account in the optimization method by the present invention.
  • the time-shiftable load 5 also provides flexibility.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (1) de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants (2, ..., 5) d'un système d'énergie. Les composants (2, ..., 5) comprennent au moins un accumulateur d'énergie (4) et le dispositif comprend au moins un dispositif de commande (42) pour commander les flux d'énergie. Le dispositif de commande (42) permet de calculer à l'avance les flux d'énergie pour une période de temps au moyen d'un procédé d'optimisation. Selon la présente invention, les flux d'énergie peuvent être calculés et commandés au moyen du dispositif de commande (42) de manière que l'état de charge de l'accumulateur d'énergie (4) est à la fin de la période de temps sensiblement identique à l'état de charge de l'accumulateur d'énergie au début de la période de temps. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants (2, ..., 5) d'un système d'énergie.
EP19801718.8A 2018-12-06 2019-10-30 Dispositif et procédé de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants d'un système d'énergie Pending EP3857666A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018221156.6A DE102018221156A1 (de) 2018-12-06 2018-12-06 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung von Energieflüssen zwischen Komponenten eines Energiesystems
PCT/EP2019/079589 WO2020114681A1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2019-10-30 Dispositif et procédé de commande de flux d'énergie entre des composants d'un système d'énergie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3857666A1 true EP3857666A1 (fr) 2021-08-04

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Country Link
US (1) US20220021219A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3857666A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102584309B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113169555A (fr)
AU (1) AU2019392325B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018221156A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020114681A1 (fr)

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AU2019392325A1 (en) 2021-06-10
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KR102584309B1 (ko) 2023-09-27
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