EP3851607A1 - Positioning means for a textile reinforcement layer of a concrete component, a textile reinforcement layer and a reinforced concrete component comprising a positioning means - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a positioning means for at least one textile reinforcement layer (2) of a concrete component (10), the positioning means (1) comprising at least one bolt (4) for assembly essentially perpendicular to the surface of a substrate (3) and at least one spacer (5) , which is connected to the at least one bolt (4) via a recess in the spacer (5) and serves to position the reinforcement layer (2) relative to the surface, the extent of the spacer (5) in the plane of the surface being greater than a mesh size of the reinforcement layer (2), and the spacer (5) in a position on which at least one bolt (4) can be locked. According to the invention, a first end of the at least one bolt (4) is provided for insertion into a substrate (3) for at least positive, force-transmitting anchoring in the substrate (3). The invention also relates to a method for using the positioning means and a concrete component.

Description

The invention relates to a positioning means for at least one textile reinforcement layer of a concrete component, a textile reinforcement layer and a reinforced concrete component, comprising a positioning means. The textile reinforcement layer is designed in particular as a non-metallic reinforcement fabric, for example based on carbon fibers.

Positioning means for a textile reinforcement layer are known from the prior art. They are intended for selective support of one or more reinforcement layers against a formwork or form for concreting. Such positioning means are in the documents DE 20 2013 006 822 U1 , DE 10 2013 015 434 A1 and 10 2017 120 642 A1 described. The ends of the positioning means, which support the reinforcement layer with respect to the formwork and can therefore appear on the later concrete surface, have a minimal surface and, for this purpose, taper to a point, for example. Any kind of connection to the formwork is mostly undesirable; on the contrary, the requirement is that the concrete part should be detached from the formwork as simply as possible.

In contrast, see in the publication KR 20-0231221 Y1 A positioning means with a plate-shaped flange 110, which can also be fixed with pins 150, is described for the formwork 500. The fixation prevents the support from slipping through the positioning means during concreting. The flange 110 visible after the formwork has been removed has an internal thread 140 to which the ceiling structure can later be screwed.

The positioning means known from the prior art are therefore not suitable for use in a permanent formwork or for attaching an additional concrete layer to an existing building element, especially on its underside, and if forces are diverted between the lost formwork or the existing building element in the additional building element Concrete layer and its reinforcement is provided.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a positioning means for at least one textile reinforcement layer of a concrete component, a textile reinforcement layer and a reinforced concrete component, comprising a positioning means, offer that enables a force transfer between a lost formwork or an existing structural element and the textile reinforcement layer or the concrete component.

The object is achieved by a positioning means for at least one textile reinforcement layer of a concrete component. The positioning means comprises at least one bolt for mounting essentially perpendicular to the surface of a substrate and at least one spacer which is connected to the at least one bolt via a recess in the spacer and serves to position the reinforcement layer relative to the surface. The expansion of the spacer in the plane of the surface is greater than a mesh size of the reinforcement layer. The spacer can be locked in one position on the at least one bolt.

According to the invention, a first end of the at least one bolt is provided for insertion into a substrate for at least form-fitting anchoring, with force-fitting anchoring also being provided as an alternative or in addition. The anchoring enables power to be transmitted into the ground.

It has proven to be advantageous if several spacers can be locked at different positions along the at least one bolt. This means that several reinforcement layers can be positioned and fastened at defined distances from the subsurface and other reinforcement layers.

The spacer or spacers can be screwed to the at least one bolt in the intended position, as a result of which the height of the reinforcement layer or layers with respect to the substrate or to one another can be adjusted.

For the transmission of forces from the reinforcement into the subsurface, it has proven to be advantageous if the at least one bolt can be fastened in a recess, in particular a bore, in the subsurface. In particular, it is provided that the bolt can be screwed in or glued in. A bolt is anchored in the old concrete, for example, and a spacer or a differently designed means according to the invention, such as. B. an anchor head, untwisted or a notch made, in which the reinforcement layer can also be positioned. The reinforcement layers, for example the non-metallic reinforcement mesh, are put through the mesh on the bolt. With several Layers, a further spacer is turned on between each layer. The last textile layer is fixed by a spacer designed as an anchor head, also preferably equipped with an internal thread, which is larger than the mesh size of the reinforcement. A perforated rail is used for linear fixation. This is inserted through the bolts and fixed with a fixative, e.g. B. nuts fixed.

The anchor head serves as a top cover and prevents the last layer of reinforcement from lifting off the bolts. Another embodiment of the cover as an alternative to the anchor head is designed as an elongated perforated rail connected to several bolts, which extends over several meshes of the reinforcement layer. The perforated rail is also an embodiment of the spacer.

The advantages of the invention lie in the possibility of a safe and simple anchoring and fixing of non-metallic reinforcement. This involves a combination of anchoring and creating a spacing, and several textile reinforcement layers can be fixed at the same time. In order to rule out corrosion, the anchoring parts can be non-metallic, e.g. B. made of CFRP. However, other common materials are also contemplated, including steel. The anchor head can be placed, in particular screwed, onto a second end of the at least one bolt. Further advantages are shown when working overhead, since the textile reinforcement layer is held by the anchoring, the positioning means according to the invention and not otherwise, e.g. B. must be held manually by an additional worker or an auxiliary device.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a textile reinforcement layer for a reinforced concrete component. According to the invention, the reinforcement layer is mounted by means of positioning means according to one of claims 1 to 10 at a specified distance from a substrate. At least one scrim is preferably provided as the reinforcement layer, but fabrics or other textiles, for example made from carbon, basalt or glass fibers, are also suitable.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for installing a textile reinforcement layer by means of a positioning means according to the invention on a substrate, in particular on an existing concrete component or on a permanent formwork. The method provides the following steps: Inserting the at least a bolt in the ground, placement of at least one spacer, placement of the reinforcement layer and placement of the anchor head.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a concrete component comprising a textile reinforcement layer and a positioning means. The positioning means is designed according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 10 and anchored directly to a substrate. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the subsurface belongs to an existing structural element and the concrete structural element comprises the structural element and a concrete-reinforced, textile-reinforced structural component layer. This means that existing components can be renovated or structurally upgraded. The reinforcement lying far on the outside is particularly advantageous, as it does not require a minimum overlap due to the fact that no corrosion-prone metals are used. In addition to the existing component, the subsurface can also belong to a permanent formwork.

Further advantages of the invention consist in securing and anchoring the textile reinforcement layer, an associated spacer, with several layers also being possible, and an overall improved handling of the textile reinforcement.

• Fig. 1: eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit einem tellerförmigen Abstandhalter;
• Fig. 2: eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit einem als Lochschiene ausgeführten Abstandhalter;
• Fig. 3: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit Lochschiene und in einer Ausnehmung verschraubtem Bolzen;
• Fig. 4: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit mehreren Bewehrungslagen;
• Fig. 5: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit mehreren Bewehrungslagen im Detail;
• Fig. 6: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit Abstandhaltern, die als Einkerbung im hohlen Bolzen ausgeführt sind;
• Fig. 7: eine schematische Darstellung in Ansichten von der Seite einer Ausführungsform eines verformbaren Bolzens und Ansichten von oben während der Formänderung;
• Fig. 8: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit offenmaschiger Wand des hohlen Bolzens;
• Fig. 9: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit verdübeltem Bolzen;
• Fig. 10: eine schematische Darstellung als Schnitt und als Ansicht von oben eines Abdichtdeckels und
• Fig. 11: eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Betonbauteils mit verdübeltem Bolzen.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and their representation in the associated drawings. Show it:

• Fig. 1 : a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with a plate-shaped spacer;
• Fig. 2 : a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with a spacer designed as a perforated rail;
• Fig. 3 : a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with a perforated rail and a bolt screwed into a recess;
• Fig. 4 : a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with several reinforcement layers;
• Fig. 5 : a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with several reinforcement layers in detail;
• Fig. 6 : a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with spacers, which are designed as a notch in the hollow bolt;
• Fig. 7 : a schematic representation in views from the side of an embodiment of a deformable bolt and views from above during the change in shape;
• Fig. 8 : a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with an open-meshed wall of the hollow bolt;
• Fig. 9 : a schematic sectional representation of an embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with anchored bolt;
• Fig. 10 : a schematic representation as a section and as a view from above of a sealing cover and
• Fig. 11 : a schematic sectional illustration of a further embodiment of a concrete component according to the invention with anchored bolt.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with a plurality of spacers designed as anchor heads 8. A bolt 4 is anchored in the substrate 3, for example old concrete of an existing building element, for power transmission. This can be done, for example, by gluing or by a thread.

A spacer designed as a spacer 5 and, at the top, a spacer designed as an anchor head 8 are applied to the bolt 4, in particular screwed onto the bolt 4, which has an external thread, through an internal thread made in a bore of the spacer.

The reinforcement layer 2, in particular a non-metallic reinforcement fabric, is inserted through the mesh onto the bolt 4 after the first spacer 5 has been applied. If there are several layers of reinforcement 2, a further spacer 5 is turned on between each layer. The last reinforcement layer 2 is fixed by an anchor head 1, which also has an internal thread and which, like the spacers 5, is larger in diameter than the mesh size of the reinforcement layer 2. In the case of linear fixation, a perforated rail 6 is used for the fixation. This is inserted through the bolts 4 and fixed with nuts or split pins, for example. With the invention, an advantageous anchoring and fixing of reinforcement layers 2, in particular non-metallic reinforcement, above all on the substrate 3 and with introduction of force into it, can be achieved. There is a combination of anchoring and spacing and several textile reinforcement layers can be fixed at the same time. All representations show the concrete element 10 before concreting.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention as in FIG Fig. 1 , but with a spacer designed as a perforated rail 6. The elongated cover through the perforated rail 6 enables greater variability in the mesh size of the reinforcement layer 2.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with a perforated rail 6 and bolt 4 screwed into a recess 7. The distance between the reinforcement layer 2 and the substrate 3, here the surface of an existing component, is defined by the spacer 5, while the Reinforcement layer 2 is prevented from the bolt 4 by the anchor head 8.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention, as also in FIG Fig. 3 , but in an embodiment with several spacers 5 and several reinforcement layers 2. A spacer 5 is provided between the substrate 3 and between the first and second reinforcement layers 2. The anchor head 8 forms the upper termination on the bolt 4.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with several spacers 5 and several reinforcement layers 2, as also in FIG Fig. 4 , but here in a detailed representation. A spacer 5 is provided between the substrate 3 and between the first and second reinforcement layers 2, which spacers are supported on projections protruding from the surface on both sides. This ensures the intended distance between the reinforcement layer 2 and the substrate 3 without the reinforcement layer 2 being stressed, neither by pressure nor, due to a recess between the projections in the spacer 5, by bending. The Here, too, the anchor head 8, which at the same time covers and protects the thread of the bolt 8, forms the end.

The bolt 4 is different from the Figures 3 and 4 not screwed into the recess 7, but glued in place. This simplifies production and, in the case of certain materials, also increases the strength, which leads to increased power transmission.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with spacers 5 ', which are designed as a notch in the hollow bolt 4'. Reinforcement layers 2, preferably scrims consisting of carbon, glass or the like, are aligned with the aid of the positioning means 1 so that the forces can be safely transmitted into the concrete of the substrate 3. Here, too, it can be a question of subsequent reinforcement of the component to which the substrate 3 belongs, with an additionally applied layer of carbon or textile concrete.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiments described above, however, the positioning means 1 is designed differently. The positioning means 1 consists of a hollow bolt 4 ', preferably consisting of a plastic or the like, which can be made either full-walled or open-meshed. The positioning means 1 is adapted to the reinforcement and to the scrim in terms of geometry and length. The positioning means 1 is introduced into the meshes of the reinforcement layer 2 in the reinforcement process, whereby the reinforcement layer 2 is aligned with one another in the case of more than one reinforcement layer 2.

As a further option, the bolt 4 'can be designed to be slightly tapered towards the top (see also the following Fig. 7 ) in order to be able to ensure a better threading of the reinforcement layer 2 on the construction site.

Furthermore, in the positioning means 1 there are notches 5 'serving as spacers, also referred to as depressions or recesses, which, in addition to aligning the reinforcement layers 2 on top of one another, also define the exact thickness of the reinforcement of the component on the substrate 3. In this way, the exact concrete cover is also guaranteed during reinforcement.

Positioning means 1 preferably consists of a non-metallic material (e.g. plastic or the like). The height of the notches 5 'in relation to the substrate 3 (distance A) can take place by means of a uniform grid dimension (e.g. 5 mm), as a result of which the positioning means 1 can be used universally.

A property that the positioning means 1 must have for setting the exact height of the reinforcement layer 2 is the plastic deformability of the bolt 4 or 4 'and that the cross section of the positioning means 1 is minimally larger than the clear mesh size. So the positioning means 1 or the bolt 4 or 4 'by z. B. an impression can be changed in its cross-sectional shape and at the same time in its length. The cross section becomes smaller and the length of the positioning means 1 increases minimally. Specifically, this means that the positioning means 1 is sufficiently "soft" that a change in shape is possible (plastics or elastomers, including rubber, are suitable).

As a result, the position holder will taper and thus fit into the mesh size of the reinforcement layer 2. In this way, tolerances can be compensated for during installation and, due to the notches 5 'in connection with the indentation, the reinforcement layer 2 automatically fits into these notches 5'. Simple installation can thus be guaranteed. The further reinforcement layer 2, which is subsequently threaded onto the positioning means 1, can likewise be threaded onto the positioning means 1 and guided into the notches 5 'due to the deformability of the positioning means 1. This creates a simple but efficient installation system on the construction site.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation in views from the side of an embodiment of a deformable bolt 4 and views from above during the change in shape, here embodied as a taper 13 at the end of the bolt 4.

The illustration on the left shows that there is an elastic deformation, because after the deformation the bolt 4 returns to its original diameter. At the beginning, the position holder and the cross-section are in their original state (state I in the top left illustration). This is followed by a tapering of the cross-section through the action of mechanical force. As a result, the cross section in the area of the taper 13 becomes smaller, but the length of the bolt 4 increases.

Due to the tapering 13, the bolt 4 fits into the intended mesh spacing of the reinforcement layer 2. This allows the reinforcement layer 2 to be optimally aligned, since the bolt 4 then returns to its original shape and thus automatically aligns and fixes the reinforcement layer 2, since the mesh size of the reinforcement layer 2 and the bolt 4 are coordinated. Thus, several layers of reinforcement 2 arranged one above the other can also be aligned later.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with an open-meshed wall of the hollow bolt 4 '. The bolt 4 'is designed as a hollow, open-mesh structure. That is, the wall of the hollow bolt 4 'has a lattice structure. Thus, on the construction site, the cavities, the interior of the bolt 4 ', can be filled with concrete through the open-mesh structure. This does not result in a weakening of the reinforcement in the area of the bolt 4 '. The open-mesh structure can preferably consist of plastic or the like or of textile scrims. The aforementioned characteristics remain.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention with anchored bolt 4 '. Another function is added to the position holder. Since the bolt 4 'can be made both full-walled and open-meshed, the bolt 4' can also be used as a subsequent dowel. This is possible with the full-walled variant because no concrete can penetrate into the interior of the bolt 4 '.

In principle, two different variants are possible. At the in Fig. 9 Variant 1 shown, before reinforcement, a hole 14 is made in the old concrete, the existing body (substrate 3). A sealing cover 12 is then placed on the drilled hole 14 so that it is not concreted out in the reinforcement process when the reinforcement layer 15 is concreted.

The bolt 4 ′, which at the same time forms the positioning means 1 and carries the reinforcement layer 2, is then placed on the sealing cover 12. The reinforcement layer 2 can then, as described above, be applied from the upper end of the bolt 4 ′ in the direction of the surface of the substrate 3. After reinforcement by applying reinforcement layer 15, a conventional dowel 11, both metallic as well as non-metallic dowels can be used into which the bolt 4 'is inserted. Finally, the cavity, the bore 14, is subsequently pressed or glued. This creates a firm bond between dowel 11 and substrate 3.

Metallic, classic dowels can be used, as contact corrosion can be excluded. A significantly more economical variant of the solution according to the invention can thus be created.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sealing cover 12 in section and as a view from above.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a further embodiment of a concrete component 10 according to the invention in a second embodiment with a bolt 4 'pegged in the substrate 3. The dowel is subsequently screwed in or nailed to the substrate (e.g. shot in), but not glued or pressed.

List of reference symbols

1

Positioning means

2

Reinforcement layer

3

Subsurface, structural element, permanent formwork

4th

bolt

4 '

Bolt (hollow)

5

Spacers

5 '

Notch, spacer

6th

Perforated rail

7th

Recess

8th

Anchor head

10

Concrete component

11

Dowels

12th

Sealing cover

13th

rejuvenation

14th

drilling

15th

Reinforcement layer (upper edge)

A.

distance

Claims (15)

Positioning means for at least one textile reinforcement layer (2) of a concrete component (10), the positioning means (1) comprising at least one bolt (4) for assembly essentially perpendicular to a surface of a substrate (3) and at least one spacer (5, 5 ') , which is connected to the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') via a recess in the spacer (5, 5') and is used to position the reinforcement layer (2) at a distance (A) from the surface, the extent of the Spacer (5, 5 ') in the plane of the surface is larger than a mesh size of the reinforcement layer (2), and the spacer (5, 5') can be locked in a position on which at least one bolt (4, 4 ') can be locked, thereby characterized in that a first end of the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') is provided for insertion into the subsurface (3) for at least form-fitting anchoring that transmits force into the subsoil (3). Positioning means according to claim 1, wherein the at least one spacer (5) is screwed to the at least one bolt (4) in the intended position. Positioning means according to claim 2, wherein several spacers (5) are provided and can be locked along the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') in a position relative to one another on the bolt (4). Positioning means according to claim 1, wherein the at least one spacer (5 ') is designed as a notch in the lateral surface of the at least one bolt (4, 4') in the intended position, the notch at the same time being the recess in the spacer (5 ') forms, via which the spacer (5 ') is connected to the at least one bolt (4, 4'). Positioning means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') can be fastened in a recess in the substrate (3). Positioning means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one bolt (4 ') is designed as a hollow body. Positioning means according to claim 6, wherein the bolt (4 ') can be poured with concrete during the production of the concrete component (10), the wall of the bolt being designed to be closed or open-meshed. Positioning means according to claim 6, wherein the at least one bolt (4) has a dowel (11) in its interior, the bolt (4 ') being able to be anchored to the substrate (3) by means of the dowel (11). Positioning means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') consists of a deformable material. Positioning means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an anchor head (8) or a perforated rail (6) can be placed on a second end of the at least one bolt (4, 4 '), the anchor head (8) being round in the shape of a plate with the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') is connectable and designed with an internal thread covered on one side and the perforated rail (6) is elongated in the plane of the surface of the substrate (3), is designed to be connectable with several bolts (4, 4') and extends over several meshes of the Reinforcement layer (2) extends. Textile reinforcement layer for a reinforced concrete component, characterized in that the reinforcement layer is mounted by means of positioning means (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 at a specified distance from a substrate (3). Reinforcement layer according to Claim 11, at least one textile fabric being provided as the reinforcement layer. Method for installing a textile reinforcement layer by means of a positioning means (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 on a substrate (3) which is part of an existing structural element, characterized by the steps • Insertion of the at least one bolt (4, 4 ') into the subsurface (3), • Placing or molding at least the spacer (5, 5 '), • Place the reinforcement layer (2) and • Put on the anchor head (8) or the perforated rail (6). Concrete component, comprising a textile reinforcement layer (2) and a positioning means (1), characterized in that the positioning means (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10 and is anchored directly to a substrate (3). Concrete component according to claim 14, wherein according to a first embodiment the subsurface (3) belongs to an existing building element and the concrete component comprises the building element and a concreted, textile-reinforced component layer, or wherein, according to a second embodiment, the subsurface (3) belongs to a permanent formwork .

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