EP3844844A1 - Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave, and system comprising this antenna - Google Patents
Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave, and system comprising this antennaInfo
- Publication number
- EP3844844A1 EP3844844A1 EP19756375.2A EP19756375A EP3844844A1 EP 3844844 A1 EP3844844 A1 EP 3844844A1 EP 19756375 A EP19756375 A EP 19756375A EP 3844844 A1 EP3844844 A1 EP 3844844A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- antenna according
- electromagnetic wave
- antenna
- adaptable surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
- H01Q15/0066—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces said selective devices being reconfigurable, tunable or controllable, e.g. using switches
Definitions
- the present invention relates to antennas for transmitting and / or receiving an electromagnetic wave in a desired direction.
- These antennas are said to be of directive type, that is to say which emit and / or receive an electromagnetic wave beam, this beam being orientable.
- an antenna comprising:
- an adaptable surface comprising a plurality of adjustable elements for modifying an impedance of said adaptable surface and for modifying the manner in which the electromagnetic wave is reflected by said adaptable surface
- a controller connected to the adaptable surface and which controls the adjustable elements thereof from parameters, said parameters being determined from the desired direction of the electromagnetic wave.
- An antenna is isotropic if it emits and / or receives an electromagnetic wave in the same way in all directions.
- An antenna has a directivity if it transmits and / or receives an electromagnetic wave in a precise direction.
- These directional antennas are characterized by a radiation diagram, that is to say the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave as a function of a direction in a horizontal plane and / or in a vertical plane.
- a radiation diagram is generally established with respect to an angle in each plane; it is therefore a polar curve which represents the amplitude of the wave as a function of the angle between 0 ° and 360 °.
- This curve generally includes growths called lobes which are angular directions in which the antenna emits more or receives more (is more sensitive).
- An antenna is therefore directive if its radiation pattern has a main lobe of large amplitude in a determined direction, and other secondary lobes of amplitude lower than that of the main lobe.
- phased array type antennas which are composed of a network of radiating elements, each being controlled in phase and in amplitude to generate overall directional radiation of tilt direction.
- the radiating elements are numerous and each connected to a controlled amplifier.
- the antenna is then complex and it consumes a lot of energy.
- antennas of the reflection array type such as the antenna of document US 2004/263408 which uses a radiating element of the horn type, known to have a radiation diagram. directive and concentrated in one direction, and an adaptable surface positioned opposite the horn to reflect the electromagnetic wave in a direction determined by the states of the adjustable elements of this adaptable surface.
- the radiating element has a main lobe of radiation of fixed direction, but by modifying the states of the adjustable elements, the antenna controller modifies the amplitude and / or the phase of the wave reflected by each adjustable element of the adaptable surface, and thus changes the direction of the reflected electromagnetic wave.
- the adaptable surface therefore makes it possible to tilt the main lobe generated by the radiating element.
- the adaptable surface is positioned at a distance from the radiating element.
- the antenna is then generally very bulky (not very compact) and has a limited spatial range of radiation because the adaptable surface generates a large area of shadow.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the orientable beam antennas.
- the antenna of the aforementioned type is characterized in that the radiating element and the adaptable surface are integrated inside a housing,
- said housing forming a cavity adapted so that the electromagnetic wave is reflected several times inside the housing to impact several times adjustable elements of the adaptable surface
- said housing comprising an opening so that the electromagnetic wave is emitted to the outside or is received from the outside of the housing, through said opening, and towards / from a far field.
- the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiating element is reflected inside the cavity and by the adaptable surface several times before being emitted via the opening (direct or semi-reflecting opening) towards the outside of the housing.
- This electromagnetic wave is then more easily controllable before its emission in the far field.
- the wave emitted by the radiating element is almost completely reflected by the adaptable surface, and therefore almost all the emitted wave can be controlled to be concentrated in a single beam, ie a main energy lobe.
- the antenna is therefore more efficient.
- all the paths between the radiating element and the adaptable surface are contained in the volume of the cavity, i.e. inside the housing, and the antenna is more compact.
- the adjustable elements of the adaptable surface can be distributed in any manner in the cavity because the multiple reflections ensure to sweep the internal surface of the housing and therefore to impact all the adjustable elements.
- a screen positioned in the cavity between the radiating element and the opening to limit direct radiation of electromagnetic wave from the radiating element towards the outside of the housing and / or to reflect the waves in the direction of the adaptable surface.
- the opening consists of several elementary openings, these elementary openings being on one face of the housing or on a plurality of faces of the housing.
- the opening is at least partially made up of one or more semi-reflective elements.
- the semi-reflecting element is produced by a thin metallic film.
- the semi-reflecting element is produced by a network of holes in a metallic element or a network of metallic shapes, a hole or a shape being distant from one / another neighbor / neighbor by a distance less than the half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
- the semi-reflective element has a electromagnetic transmission property which varies in the surface of the opening.
- the electromagnetic transmission property includes the transmission amplitude and / or the transmission phase.
- the semi-reflective element includes one or more adjustable aperture elements to modify the manner in which the electromagnetic wave is reflected and / or transmitted through said aperture, the controller being connected to the adjustable aperture elements to control them from opening parameters.
- the radiating element is positioned in the housing to emit and / or receive an electromagnetic wave mainly directly towards the adaptable surface, by orientation of said element in the housing.
- the radiating element is adapted in impedance with the impedance of the cavity, in order to meet a critical coupling condition.
- the radiating element is chosen from a list comprising a monopoly, a dipole, a waveguide, a radiating waveguide, and a planar antenna.
- the adaptable surface covers all of the interior faces of the housing or a portion of the interior faces of the housing or one or more of the interior faces of the housing.
- the adaptable surface consists of adjustable elements distributed in the housing without periodicity.
- the adaptable surface includes first adjustable elements tuned to a first frequency and second adjustable elements tuned to a second frequency, the first frequency being different from the second frequency.
- the first and second adjustable elements are distributed are spatially mixed.
- the adaptable surface includes adjustable elements tuned to a plurality of different frequencies within a predetermined bandwidth.
- the housing includes a main face, and the housing has a thickness dimension in a direction perpendicular to said main face less than the other dimensions of the housing, and the thickness dimension is greater than half the length d wave of the electromagnetic wave
- the housing includes a main face, and the main face is semi-spherical in shape.
- the controller also determines the parameters according to a desired polarization.
- the controller determines the parameters on the basis of parameter values prerecorded in a memory, or by calculation of a model or by an iterative process using additional information.
- the additional information comes from signals from external sensors located outside the housing and adapted to receive the electromagnetic wave.
- the antenna further comprises one or more internal sensors adapted to receive the electromagnetic wave, said internal sensors being integrated inside the housing, and the controller determines the parameters from a desired direction of the electromagnetic wave and values of the electromagnetic wave received by the internal sensors at certain predetermined periods.
- the antenna includes a plurality of radiating elements integrated within the housing.
- the invention also relates to a radio communication system suitable for communicating audio, video, message or data communications.
- This radio communication system includes an antenna as presented above.
- This radar detection system also relates to a radar detection system suitable for locating objects in a space.
- This radar detection system includes an antenna as presented above.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an antenna according to the invention
- FIG. 2a shows radiation from the antenna of FIG. 1 without optimizing the parameters
- FIG. 2b shows radiation from the antenna of FIG. 1 after optimization of the parameters by the controller
- FIG. 3a is a radiation diagram of the antenna of FIG. 1 without optimization of the parameters
- FIG. 3b is a radiation diagram of the antenna of FIG. 1 after optimization of the parameters by the controller
- FIG. 4a is another radiation diagram of the antenna of FIG. 1, with parameters optimized for transmitting with an angle of 90 °,
- FIG. 4b is another radiation diagram of the antenna of FIG. 1, with parameters optimized for transmitting with an angle of 60 °,
- FIG. 5a is a schematic view of a variant of the antenna of FIG. 1, comprising an opening composed of several elementary openings on one face of the housing,
- FIG. 5b is a schematic view of a variant of the antenna of FIG. 1, comprising an opening composed of several elementary openings on several faces of the housing,
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a variant of the antenna of FIG. 1, with a dome-shaped housing,
- FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of an antenna according to FIG. 1 including a screen and reverberating devices, and
- FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of a spherical antenna.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention of an antenna 10 according to the invention.
- the antenna 10 is an antenna for transmitting and / or receiving an electromagnetic wave in a desired direction.
- the antenna 10 includes:
- a radiating element 20 for emitting and / or receiving the electromagnetic wave
- an adaptable surface 30 comprising a plurality of adjustable elements 31 for modifying an impedance of the adaptable surface and for modifying the way in which the electromagnetic wave is reflected and / or transmitted by said adaptable surface, and
- a controller 40 connected to the adaptable surface and which controls the adjustable elements thereof from parameters, the parameters being determined from the desired direction of the electromagnetic wave.
- Such an antenna can be used for example in:
- radio communication system adapted for communicate audio, video, messages or data communications, or in
- a radar detection system adapted to locate objects in a space
- the radiating element 20 and the adaptable surface 30 are integrated inside a housing 11, often called a "radome" in this technical field.
- the box is not only used to protect the antenna, but the box 11 forms a cavity 12 (an electromagnetic cavity) for the waves We emitted and / received by the radiating element 20.
- the box 11 is thus adapted so that these waves We are reflected one or more times inside the housing and possibly reflected one or more times by adjustable elements 31 of the adaptable surface 30.
- the housing 11 is made of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves and its internal surface is at least partially metallized or covered with a metallic layer (metallized) suitable for reflecting the waves We emitted by the radiating element 20.
- the housing 11 comprises a means for reflecting the waves We one or more times inside the housing so that these waves impact one or more times adjustable elements 31 of the adaptable surface 30. Thanks to these multiple reflections on adjustable elements, these waves can be controlled with a very wide variety of settings.
- the housing 11 is an envelope in 3 dimensions which temporarily encloses the We waves.
- This envelope has for example a parallelepiped shape which comprises for example a lower face, an upper face and lateral faces. These faces include said means for reflecting the waves.
- the housing 11 has a semi-spherical or spherical shape.
- the faces or surfaces of the housing 11 are covered with a material adapted so that the wave We emitted and / or received by the radiating element 20 is reflected by the faces of this housing 11 in 3 dimensions.
- the suitable material is for example a metallic or metallized material or loaded with metallic particles.
- the housing 11 includes an opening 13 so that the electromagnetic wave We is emitted to the outside or is received from the outside of the housing 11, through this opening 13 in an electromagnetic wave Wa of external propagation. Once emitted from the housing 11, this electromagnetic wave Wa emitted by the antenna 10 then propagates towards a far field. Conversely, the housing 11 behaves like a sensor which absorbs through the opening 13 electromagnetic waves Wa coming from a far field so that the radiating element 20 in the housing receives a large quantity of waves We internal to the cavity.
- This opening 13 is an opening in the electromagnetic sense:
- the housing 11 can be physically closed and sealed, but there is an electromagnetic opening 13 which at least partially lets electromagnetic waves leak out of the housing. It suffices for example that a portion of a housing is not metallized.
- the antenna 10 therefore consists of an electromagnetic cavity delimited by a housing 11 in which is located an adaptable surface 30 with controllable property, and a radiating element 20 which is a source oriented towards the adaptable surface 20 and which is screened from the outside of the housing 11 by a metal interface.
- the adaptable surface 30 is not positioned in the opening 13 as this would reduce the performance and the controllability of the antenna 10, but it is positioned on one or more internal walls of the housing 11.
- the antenna 10 is capable of transforming any electromagnetic radiation from the radiating element simultaneously into directive radiation
- this antenna is compact and very efficient.
- the adjustable elements 31 of the adaptable surface can be distributed by in any way in the cavity 12.
- the multiple reflections in the cavity 12 ensure that the entire internal surface of the housing 11 is swept and therefore impacts all the adjustable elements 31.
- the parameters make it possible to determine the states of each adjustable element 31 of the adaptable surface 30, that is to say the way in which each modifies its impedance and in which the electromagnetic wave We is reflected and / or transmitted in the cavity 12.
- a set of parameters determines all of these states and therefore the characteristic of the antenna.
- the secondary lobes L2 are of amplitude less than half the amplitude of the primary lobe L1.
- the antenna will be designed to obtain amplitudes of secondary lobes L2 less than 1/4 of the amplitude of the primary lobe L1. Ideally, we can try to obtain a ratio of 1/10 for these amplitudes.
- a highly effective directive antenna (beam concentrated in one direction) is thus obtained, and in particular from any type of radiating element, and not only a horn as presented in document US 2004/263408.
- Figures 3a and 3b show radiation patterns normalized to an amplitude 1 of the antenna 10 with parameters of Figure 3a and 3b, respectively. These diagrams show that changing the parameters makes it possible to improve the directivity of the antenna 10, since in the first set of parameters the diagram has two lobes of almost same amplitude (FIG. 3a), while in the second set of parameters, optimized, the diagram presents a main lobe of large amplitude at the angular position of 0 ( Figure 3b). This main lobe actually has an amplitude greater than 4 times the amplitude of the other lobes, the secondary lobes.
- Figure 4a shows a diagram of radiation optimized for 90 ° orientation or direction
- Figure 4b shows a radiation diagram optimized for 60 ° orientation or direction.
- the inventors have found on the antenna 10 produced that it is possible to obtain sets of parameters optimized for a wide angular range of transmission / reception. For example, this angular range is of the order of +/- 60 relative to a direction normal to opening, and this in the two perpendicular planes, ie the horizontal plane and the vertical plane.
- the controller 40 can determine the parameters for the adaptable surface 30 as a function of the desired direction of the electromagnetic wave Wa for the antenna 10.
- the controller will be possible to store in the controller memory values of parameter sets for a plurality of directions, for example a set of pairs of angular directions according to an angle of the horizontal plane (azimuth) and an angle of the vertical plane (elevation).
- the controller will choose the set of parameters whose direction is closest to the desired direction.
- the controller can perform interpolations on several sets of parameters from neighboring directions.
- a model of the sets of parameters could be established, and the controller 40 will determine the parameters by calculation with this model and the desired direction.
- the controller 40 will determine by an iterative optimization process the set of parameters to be used, the optimization being for example carried out using additional information given to the controller.
- This additional information may come from of signals from one or more external sensors connected to said controller 40 by a direct or indirect link, wired or wireless.
- this additional information can come from another system, for example a user system of the antenna 10.
- This additional information relates to the electromagnetic wave Wa emitted and / or received by the antenna 10, in the near field of the antenna and / or in the far field of the antenna.
- this additional information can serve as feedback information for determining the parameters for adjusting the adaptable surface 30.
- the antenna 10 according to the embodiment presented above can then have several variants of its components. These variants can be independent or implemented in combination.
- the opening 13 comprises a semi-reflecting (or semi-transparent) element of the electromagnetic waves.
- the electromagnetic waves can partially pass through these semi-reflecting elements in the direction of entry or exit of the housing 11, the non-transmitted part of these electromagnetic waves then being reflected towards the interior of the cavity to undergo one or more several reflections.
- these reflections in the cavity bring the electromagnetic wave to the adaptable surface 30 which therefore controls each portion of it.
- the semi-reflecting element is produced by a thin metallic film.
- the semi-reflecting element is produced by an array of holes in a metallic element or an array of metallic shapes, a hole or a shape being distant from one / another neighbor / neighbor by a distance less than half of the wavelength of the wave electromagnetic.
- the semi-reflecting element has an electromagnetic transmission property (ie of transmittance) which varies in the internal surface of the opening 13. That is to say, this electromagnetic transmission property is not constant in the opening 13 and certain parts of opening 13 allow more waves to pass than other parts.
- the electromagnetic transmission property includes, for example, the amplitude of transmission and / or the phase of transmission through the semi-reflecting element, depending on its material and / or its structural characteristics.
- the semi-reflecting element comprises one or more adjustable aperture elements adapted and controlled to modify the way in which the electromagnetic wave is reflected and / or transmitted by this adjustable aperture element, which makes it possible to actively modulate the transparency. of the opening 13.
- the controller is then connected to the adjustable opening elements to control them from opening parameters.
- These adjustable opening elements may be similar to or different from the adjustable elements of the adaptable surface 30.
- the opening parameters are different from the parameters of the adaptable surface 30.
- the opening 13 consists of several elementary openings 13i ... 13 6 as shown in Figure 5a and 5b. These elementary openings are located on a single face of the housing 11 or on a plurality of faces of the housing 11. These elementary openings can have identical or different shapes, whether on one face or on several faces of the housing 11.
- the housing 11 has a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 1, or not parallelepiped.
- the housing 11 may have a cylindrical or spherical shape or any other shape.
- the housing 11 includes a main face which has the largest surface of the faces of the housing.
- the main face possibly includes the opening 13 or a part of the opening 13 (at least one elementary opening).
- the housing 11 then has a dimension in a direction perpendicular to the main face that is smaller than the other dimensions of the housing 11.
- the thickness dimension is greater than half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
- the main face is of semi-spherical shape.
- This face may advantageously include the opening 13 to more easily offer a uniform radiation pattern in the horizontal plane over 360 around the normal to said main face.
- the housing 11 then has for example a dome shape as shown in FIG. 6 with a main face F1 of semi-spherical transmission / reception and a secondary face F2 in a direction opposite to the main face.
- the secondary face F2 is substantially flat and circular.
- the radiating element 20 is placed inside the housing 11 at the center of the main face F1, ie in this semi-spherical shape, and the adaptable surface can be placed on the secondary face F2 opposite the element radiating 20.
- An opening 13, optionally composed of elementary openings are located on the main face F1, around the radiating element 20.
- the radiating element 20 integrated in the housing 11 of the antenna 10 is itself directive, that is to say it generates an electromagnetic wave beam We concentrated in one direction.
- the radiating element 20 is positioned in the housing 11 relative to the adaptable surface 30 in such a way as to emit and / or receive an electromagnetic wave We mainly directly towards the adaptable surface 30, by a predetermined orientation of the radiating element. 20.
- the radiating element 20 is a monopoly or a dipole or a waveguide or a radiating waveguide or a planar antenna.
- the integration of the radiating element 20 and the adaptable surface 30 into a cavity 12 makes it possible to use any type of radiating element.
- the radiating element 20 can be composed of a plurality of active elements.
- These active elements can be specialized: one or more of them are electromagnetic wave emission elements We, and one or more of them are electromagnetic wave reception elements.
- the radiating element 20 can be specified for a particular wave frequency or several frequencies or a bandwidth between two frequencies.
- the radiating element 20 is adapted in impedance with the impedance of the cavity 12, that is to say the cavity including all its elements, e.g. the opening 12 and the adaptable surface 30 and others. In particular, it is often sought to meet a critical coupling condition for this impedance matching.
- the quality factor of the radiating element 20 and the cavity 12 are similar or identical.
- this adaptable surface 30 covers all the faces or interior surfaces of the housing 11. Optionally, it covers only a portion of the inner faces or surfaces of the housing 11. Optionally, the adaptable surface 30 is inside the housing 11 (in its internal volume) and at a distance from its faces or surfaces.
- the adaptable surface 30 consists of adjustable elements 31 distributed in the housing 11 without periodicity. That is, they do not form a regular matrix. In fact, they can almost be distributed randomly or at specific locations for any consideration. There is great freedom. This possibility is impossible in the antennas of the prior art phase array or reflection array which need either a periodicity or to gather the elements in a restricted area to illuminate them.
- the adaptable surface 30 may include first adjustable elements tuned to a first frequency and second adjustable elements tuned to a second frequency. The first frequency and different from the second frequency.
- these first and second adjustable elements can be spatially mixed inside the cavity, so in the antennas of the prior art this possibility is impossible due to the constraints of distances between the adjustable elements for the operation of these antennas.
- a compact antenna adapted to two frequencies such as the first frequency of 20 GHz of emission and the second frequency of 30 GHz of reception.
- the adaptable surface 20 comprises the two types of adjustable elements distributed in the cavity of the housing.
- the adaptable surface 30 includes adjustable elements tuned to a plurality of different frequencies included in a predetermined bandwidth so that the antenna can operate in all of this bandwidth.
- the adaptable surface 30 can be controlled to obtain selected polarizations of the electromagnetic wave Wa. In particular, it is possible to obtain with the adaptable surface 30 a horizontal polarization, a vertical polarization, or any combination of horizontal and vertical polarization, and therefore a circular polarization.
- the controller 40 can also determine the parameters as a function of a desired polarization, whether it is horizontal, vertical or circular.
- the antenna 10 can comprise in the cavity other elements, such as one or more protective screens 14 or one or more reverberating devices 15 or internal walls, as shown in FIG. 7.
- a screen 14 can advantageously be positioned in the cavity 12 between the radiating element and the opening 13 to limit direct radiation of electromagnetic wave from the radiating element 20 to the outside of the housing and / or to reflect the waves in direction of the adaptable surface 30.
- a reverberating device 15 can also be positioned in the cavity 12 to make the reflections of the electromagnetic waves in the cavity 12 more complex.
- the waves We make one or more reflections inside the cavity 12 of the antenna 10, which ensures that they impact the adaptable surface 30 at least once, and preferably several times on a multitude of adjustable elements 31.
- internal walls are inside the housing 11 and separate the cavity 12 into a plurality of compartments.
- the adaptable surface 30 or a part of the adaptable surface, ie elements adjustable 31, can be placed on these internal walls.
- the antenna 10 can also include in the cavity 12, one or more internal sensors adapted to receive the electromagnetic wave. These internal sensors generate feedback signals which are measurements or values of the electromagnetic wave received by the internal sensors at certain predetermined periods.
- the controller 40 determines the parameters of the adaptable surface 30 from the desired direction, as previously, but also from these values of the internal sensors.
- the antenna 10 allows the antenna 10 to permanently maintain its characteristics of directivity and of tilt accuracy of the electromagnetic wave.
- the antenna 10 is thus more robust to temporal variations and to external disturbances.
- FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the invention of an antenna 10 according to the invention.
- This antenna comprises the same elements as the antenna 10 of the first embodiment, and can have the same variants independently or combined together.
- This antenna 10 has a spherical housing 11 and a spherical adaptable surface 20 of diameter smaller than that of the housing, said adaptable surface 20 being positioned inside and in the center of the housing 11.
- the housing 11 comprises a very large opening 13 almost on the entire surface of the housing.
- the opening 13 is defined in the electromagnetic sense; that is to say that it is a part of the housing which is transparent or semi-reflecting for the electromagnetic waves so that these can enter and / or leave the housing 11. It suffices that this opening consists of a material with this property.
- the opening 13 is advantageously semi-reflecting so that the electromagnetic waves are reflected several times between the adaptable surface 30 and the box 11 before leaving the box 11 or reaching the radiating element 20.
- the radiating element 20 is for example located near the internal surface of the housing 11.
- this radiating element 20 is protected from the outside by a screen 15: the housing 11 is reflective behind the radiating element.
- the antenna 10 of this embodiment is capable of transmitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves over 360 ° and even in any direction of space.
- the antenna 10 can comprise two or more radiating elements 20, which improves its angular capacities.
- such antennas having high orientation capacities of the electromagnetic wave beam, could be used in pairs.
- the antennas can self-adapt in directivity to direct their beam towards each other and greatly improve the quality and bandwidth of the transmission between the two antennas.
- the antenna technology according to the invention can have great advantages in the application of satellite antennas by the compactness and its multi-frequency capacities.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1857669A FR3085234B1 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | ANTENNA FOR TRANSMITTING AND/OR RECEIVING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE, AND SYSTEM COMPRISING THIS ANTENNA |
PCT/EP2019/072637 WO2020043632A1 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2019-08-23 | Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave, and system comprising this antenna |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3844844A1 true EP3844844A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 |
Family
ID=65494240
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19756375.2A Pending EP3844844A1 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2019-08-23 | Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave, and system comprising this antenna |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11329388B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3844844A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7389110B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20210065934A (en) |
CN (1) | CN112640211B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3085234B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020043632A1 (en) |
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CA3108751A1 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | Compagnie Plastic Omnium | Vehicle body part comprising at least one directional antenna |
US11575429B1 (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2023-02-07 | Greenerwave | Multi-beam and multi-polarization electromagnetic wavefront shaping |
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FR3010836B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-12-09 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | DEVICE FOR REFLECTING A WAVE, MOBILE DEVICE, AND SYSTEM |
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KR102020581B1 (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2019-09-11 | 프라운호퍼 게젤샤프트 쭈르 푀르데룽 데어 안겐반텐 포르슝 에. 베. | Integrated Transceiver with Focusing Antenna |
EP3062392A1 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2016-08-31 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Reflector with an electronic circuit and antenna device comprising a reflector |
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FR3054940B1 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-08-09 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | RADIOELECTRIC TRANSMITTING AND / OR RECEIVING DEVICE WITH INDEPENDENT OPENINGS |
FR3056044B1 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-06-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING AND / OR RECEIVING RADIO WITH ANTENNAS AND INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATED OPENINGS |
US10700429B2 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2020-06-30 | Kymeta Corporation | Impedance matching for an aperture antenna |
-
2018
- 2018-08-27 FR FR1857669A patent/FR3085234B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-08-23 KR KR1020217005876A patent/KR20210065934A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-08-23 EP EP19756375.2A patent/EP3844844A1/en active Pending
- 2019-08-23 CN CN201980056814.8A patent/CN112640211B/en active Active
- 2019-08-23 US US17/264,120 patent/US11329388B2/en active Active
- 2019-08-23 JP JP2021508288A patent/JP7389110B2/en active Active
- 2019-08-23 WO PCT/EP2019/072637 patent/WO2020043632A1/en unknown
Also Published As
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JP2021534682A (en) | 2021-12-09 |
CN112640211B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
US11329388B2 (en) | 2022-05-10 |
FR3085234B1 (en) | 2022-02-11 |
CN112640211A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
FR3085234A1 (en) | 2020-02-28 |
US20210313701A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
JP7389110B2 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
KR20210065934A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
WO2020043632A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
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