EP3834260B1 - Anordnung zur zündung von funkenstrecken - Google Patents

Anordnung zur zündung von funkenstrecken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3834260B1
EP3834260B1 EP19768780.9A EP19768780A EP3834260B1 EP 3834260 B1 EP3834260 B1 EP 3834260B1 EP 19768780 A EP19768780 A EP 19768780A EP 3834260 B1 EP3834260 B1 EP 3834260B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
electrode
main
trigger electrode
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19768780.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3834260A1 (de
EP3834260C0 (de
Inventor
Uwe Strangfeld
Sebastian Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dehn SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3834260A1 publication Critical patent/EP3834260A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3834260B1 publication Critical patent/EP3834260B1/de
Publication of EP3834260C0 publication Critical patent/EP3834260C0/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/16—Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for igniting spark gaps with a trigger electrode located on or in one of the main electrodes and insulated from this main electrode, the trigger electrode being electrically connectable to the further main electrode via at least one voltage-switching or voltage-monitoring element and between the main electrode and the further main electrode there is an air gap, wherein the trigger electrode forms a sandwich structure with an insulation layer and a layer made of a material with lower conductivity than the material of one of the main electrodes, the insulation layer is designed as a thin film or lacquer layer and the layer made of the material with lower conductivity with one of the main electrodes is in contact or rests on it, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Spark gaps can be differentiated in terms of their behavior as breakdown or sliding spark gaps. Such spark gaps can be triggered, but can also be carried out untriggered. In triggered spark gaps, there is at least one trigger electrode in addition to the main electrodes. Ignition with triggered spark gaps occurs either through the use of an ignition transformer, which results in a high response voltage of the correspondingly well-insulated trigger electrode or, alternatively, through a special arrangement of the trigger electrode in relation to the main electrode without an ignition transformer.
  • Triggered spark gaps generally have a controllable response behavior.
  • a trigger voltage can be applied directly via a conductive housing present there to form a partial spark gap in the discharge space.
  • the main spark gap between the main electrodes is ignited.
  • an ignition transformer is used there, which is part of the trigger device.
  • ignition transformers require a considerable amount of installation space.
  • the magnitude of the ignition voltage generated on the secondary side in the ignition transformer depends on the current change di/dT on the primary side. If such a current pulse does not have sufficient steepness, the voltage occurring on the secondary side is not sufficient to reliably ignite the spark gap.
  • an ignition transformer can be omitted.
  • Such trigger electrodes have permanent electrical contact with one of the two main electrodes. This means that there is no galvanic separation of the main potentials. For this reason, a voltage-switching element, for example in the form of a gas arrester, must be connected to the trigger circuit.
  • the generic solution has a trigger electrode which forms a sandwich structure with an insulating layer and a layer made of a material with lower conductivity than the material of one of the main electrodes.
  • the insulation layer is preferably designed as a thin film or lacquer layer.
  • the layer of the material is lesser Conductivity is in contact with or rests on one of the main electrodes.
  • the layer dielectric of the sandwich structure appears as a series connection of a first partial capacitance with the dielectric of the insulation section and a second partial capacity with the material of lower conductivity as the dielectric, the partial capacitances being chosen to be very low.
  • the material M of the sandwich structure has a conductivity that is many times worse than the material of one of the main electrodes.
  • the ignition arc is extended over the thickness of the layer made of material M.
  • the thin insulation section between the trigger electrode and the layer of poorly conductive material can preferably be implemented using circuit boards.
  • the trigger electrode then corresponds to the applied conductor track and the insulation layer to the lacquer layer above it, with a front section remaining free of lacquer layer.
  • the previously known solution DE 10 2011 102 937 A1 creates a plasma jet or plasma beam in the base area of an arrangement preferably designed as a horn spark gap.
  • This beam results in a strong and rapid targeted movement of ionized gases and charge carriers.
  • This transport is used to significantly accelerate the ignition of the main path between the main electrodes, which can reduce the load on the trigger electrode and the sandwich structure and reduce the residual voltage of the spark gap.
  • the plasma jet effect explained above is characterized by the expression of a preferred direction of the ionized gas flow.
  • measures can be taken which, on the one hand, influence the formation of the jet, but also the direction, so that the effect of a rapid ignition of the main path arises.
  • the proposed beam with its very effective ionization of air distances particularly suitable, which in turn ensures effective operation of the preferred horn spark gap.
  • the electrode arrangement as well as the insulation layer and the layer made of the material with lower conductivity result in a preferred alignment of otherwise only stochastic plasma jets.
  • the material with lower conductivity can be suitable for releasing gas, which enables further targeted generation of the plasma jet.
  • the disadvantage is the fact that even the smallest, relatively low-energy pulses from overvoltage events are sufficient to ignite the entire spark gap. This results in possible adverse aging of the corresponding surge arrester arrangement.
  • the DE 10 2014 102 065 A1 discloses an ignition element for use in a surge protection element having at least two electrodes and a spark gap formed between the two electrodes, the ignition element having at least one insulating layer.
  • the insulating layer has at least two conductive, low-current-carrying areas, each of which extends between the top and bottom of the insulating layer, so that there are at least two conductive connections between the top and the bottom.
  • the DE 10 2004 006 988 A1 discloses an overvoltage protection device with a trigger electrode, an impedance being arranged in series with the trigger electrode in the trigger path.
  • the trigger electrode can be electrically connected to the further main electrode via at least one voltage-switching or voltage-surging element.
  • the trigger electrode forms a sandwich structure with an insulation layer and a layer made of a material with lower conductivity than the material of one of the main electrodes.
  • the insulation layer is preferably designed as a thin film or lacquer layer.
  • the layer made of the material of lower conductivity is in contact with one of the main electrodes or rests on it.
  • the arrangement is now developed in such a way that an energetic limit or an energetic threshold value can be determined, with energetically weak overvoltage events being derived below the specified limit or threshold value without the spark gap between the main electrodes responding. If the limit or threshold value is exceeded, the corresponding triggered discharge process takes place by igniting the main spark gap.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to only use those that can be spatially and structurally integrated into the spark gap itself for determining the limit or threshold value and the means to be provided for this purpose. Additional external wiring where necessary housing bushings and other structural measures must be explicitly excluded.
  • the insulation layer of the sandwich structure is interrupted outside the ignition area in order to dissipate energetically weak overvoltage events without responding to the spark gap formed between the main electrodes.
  • an electrical component that influences the response behavior is integrated into the spark gap between the trigger electrode and the main electrode.
  • an electrical connection is formed between the trigger electrode and the layer of lower conductivity, whereby the dissipable energy content of the overvoltage event can be determined by the limited conductivity or the resistance of the layer of lower conductivity. This in turn allows the aforementioned limit or threshold value to be set.
  • the aforementioned electrical component is an integrable, miniaturized resistor.
  • the overall spark gap ignites with a delay. If the energy content of the overvoltage or overvoltage event is higher, the overall spark gap ignites with a delay. If the energy of the pulse exceeds a predetermined level, such a high voltage drops across the layer of lower conductivity that the auxiliary ignition spark gap ignites and thus the main spark gap can be ignited. The amount of delay can be determined by the structural design and material sizes or material properties can be influenced. The auxiliary ignition spark gap is ignited by a flashover of the insulation gap in the ignition area.
  • the main spark gap ignites at a comparable speed, as is known from the prior art.
  • the trigger electrode is formed by a conductor track of a film circuit board and the insulation layer is formed by an insulating cover, in particular a lacquer layer on the conductor track.
  • the insulating cover is exposed for the interruption, so that the exposed section of the conductor track can be brought into contact with the layer of lower conductivity.
  • the layer of lower conductivity can preferably consist of a conductive plastic material or be formed from a material with a carbon fiber content.
  • the representation according to the Figures 1 and 2 comprises an electrically conductive trigger electrode T, which is covered by an insulation layer I in the direction of the main electrode H2.
  • the insulation layer I is followed by a layer made of a material M with lower conductivity.
  • the layer made of material M lies on the surface of the main electrode H2.
  • External elements can be connected between trigger electrode T and the main electrode H1 via a connection A.
  • the means provided there can include, for example, gas arresters, varistors, diodes or similar electrical components.
  • the spark gap formed by the main electrodes H1 and H2 can be designed as a horn spark gap and is electrically connected between the paths L and N/PEN.
  • the configuration shown corresponds in principle to the arrangement for plasma jet generation DE 10 2011 102 937 A1 and the explanations there about the structural design. In this respect, reference is made to the relevant explanations in the DE 10 2011 102 937 A1 referred to, which embody the knowledge of the relevant expert here.
  • Fig. 1 An electrical component R which influences the response behavior is connected between the trigger electrode T and the main electrode H2.
  • the value of the resistance R determines the response behavior and thus an energetic limit based on the ignition process of the corresponding spark gap.
  • the voltage drop resulting across the resistor R is not sufficient to enable ignition in the ignition area of the arrangement.
  • the arrangement of the resistor R makes it possible to dissipate low-energy overvoltage events immediately without the main spark gap responding and thereby aging unnecessarily.
  • the thin insulation layer I is interrupted outside the ignition and flashover area, so that a conductive connection of the trigger electrode T with the material of lower conductivity M takes place. Due to the resistance value of the material M, this creates the possibility of diverting overvoltage events via the path of the trigger electrode, the material of lower conductivity M and the main electrode H2, without the main spark gap between the further main electrode H1 and the main electrode H2 responding.
  • the energy content of the overvoltage is so low that only a very small current flows and the voltage dropped in the poorly conductive material M is not sufficient to flash over the insulation layer I. This means that the flashover area does not respond and the overvoltage is diverted solely through the energy image area.
  • the layer made of the material M not only has the task of extending the ignition arc by extending the direct flashover distance from the trigger electrode T to the main electrode H2, but rather the resistance value of the poorly conductive material is increased by contacting the trigger electrode with the Layer M used to divert weak overvoltage events.
  • This design allows for any separate electrical or electronic Components for controlling the response behavior, especially in the case of very weak overvoltage events, are completely dispensed with.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
EP19768780.9A 2018-10-15 2019-09-11 Anordnung zur zündung von funkenstrecken Active EP3834260B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018125528 2018-10-15
DE102019101448.4A DE102019101448B3 (de) 2018-10-15 2019-01-21 Anordnung zur Zündung von Funkenstrecken
PCT/EP2019/074205 WO2020078622A1 (de) 2018-10-15 2019-09-11 Anordnung zur zündung von funkenstrecken

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3834260A1 EP3834260A1 (de) 2021-06-16
EP3834260B1 true EP3834260B1 (de) 2024-01-10
EP3834260C0 EP3834260C0 (de) 2024-01-10

Family

ID=69148103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19768780.9A Active EP3834260B1 (de) 2018-10-15 2019-09-11 Anordnung zur zündung von funkenstrecken

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US12015249B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP3834260B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP7268145B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR102691276B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN112868151A (ko)
AU (1) AU2019362453B2 (ko)
DE (1) DE102019101448B3 (ko)
WO (1) WO2020078622A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115856397B (zh) * 2022-12-09 2023-08-25 哈尔滨工程大学 一种等离子点火系统的放电电压测量辅助工具

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2337417A1 (fr) * 1975-12-30 1977-07-29 Comp Generale Electricite Eclateur declenche dans un gaz
JPS6013254B2 (ja) * 1976-09-30 1985-04-05 株式会社東芝 直流しや断器
JPS5532655U (ko) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-03
US4342114A (en) * 1980-02-04 1982-07-27 Raytheon Company TEA Laser configuration
DD290123A7 (de) 1988-03-10 1991-05-23 Adw,Zi F. Elektronenphysik,De Zentralgetriggerte funkenstrecke
MXPA00011765A (es) * 1998-05-29 2002-10-17 Porta Systems Corp Protector contra ondas de choque de baja capacitacion para transmision de datos a alta velocidad.
DE20020771U1 (de) 2000-02-22 2001-02-15 Dehn & Soehne Druckfest gekapselte Funkenstreckenanordnung zum Ableiten von schädlichen Störgrößen durch Überspannung
DE10146728B4 (de) 2001-09-02 2007-01-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
DE102004006988B4 (de) 2003-11-28 2014-02-06 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung auf Funkenstreckenbasis, umfassend mindestens zwei in einem druckdichten Gehäuse befindliche Hauptelektroden
DE102004009072A1 (de) 2004-02-23 2005-09-08 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement und Zündelement für ein Überspannungsschutzelement
US7476823B2 (en) * 2004-02-27 2009-01-13 Ssi Power Llc Current pause device for an electric power circuit interrupter
DE102011102937B4 (de) 2010-08-17 2017-03-02 DEHN + SÖHNE GmbH + Co. KG. Anordnung zur Zündung von Funkenstrecken
DE102012112480B4 (de) 2012-07-04 2018-10-04 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Gekapselte, blitzstromtragfähige und folgestrombegrenzende Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung mit mindestens einer Funkenstrecke
DE102014102065B4 (de) * 2014-02-18 2017-08-17 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Zündelement zur Verwendung bei einem Überspannungsschutzelement, Überspannungsschutzelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zündelements
US10186842B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-22 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Gas discharge tubes and methods and electrical systems including same
DE102019210234B3 (de) * 2019-05-09 2020-10-15 Dehn Se + Co Kg Blitzschutz-Funkenstreckenanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Blitzschutz-Funkenstreckenanordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20210351572A1 (en) 2021-11-11
AU2019362453B2 (en) 2023-02-16
WO2020078622A1 (de) 2020-04-23
US12015249B2 (en) 2024-06-18
DE102019101448B3 (de) 2020-01-23
KR102691276B1 (ko) 2024-08-05
JP2022515695A (ja) 2022-02-22
KR20210076006A (ko) 2021-06-23
EP3834260A1 (de) 2021-06-16
AU2019362453A1 (en) 2021-04-29
JP7268145B2 (ja) 2023-05-02
EP3834260C0 (de) 2024-01-10
CN112868151A (zh) 2021-05-28

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