EP3834216A1 - Ignition coil - Google Patents
Ignition coilInfo
- Publication number
- EP3834216A1 EP3834216A1 EP19769089.4A EP19769089A EP3834216A1 EP 3834216 A1 EP3834216 A1 EP 3834216A1 EP 19769089 A EP19769089 A EP 19769089A EP 3834216 A1 EP3834216 A1 EP 3834216A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- ignition
- magnetic core
- ignition coil
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/12—Ignition, e.g. for IC engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/005—Other installations having inductive-capacitance energy storage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
- F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
- F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ignition coil for
- the present invention also relates to an arrangement for integrating an ignition coil and a bandpass filter.
- the present invention additionally relates to a motor block with an integrated ignition coil.
- the present invention relates to an arrangement for feeding a high-frequency voltage into an ignition coil.
- Devices for igniting a fuel mixture are used in automobiles.
- the prior art teaches a variety of designs for such devices.
- the combustion process in the combustion chamber of the engine in particular a combustion engine with spark ignition by spark plugs, also known as a gasoline engine, is further improved.
- An ignition system or an ignition coil transforms the battery voltage of a vehicle to the desired ignition voltage in order to provide an ignition signal or an ignition voltage, in particular a high-voltage ignition voltage.
- a high-frequency plasma ignition device as an alternative to the generation of a pure high-voltage ignition voltage, which generates a high-voltage ignition voltage with a superimposed high-frequency voltage
- No. 9,777,695 B2 discloses such a high-frequency plasma ignition device.
- a high-voltage pulse generated in an ignition coil is electrically coupled to a high-frequency voltage generated in a high-frequency voltage source.
- a bandpass filter is connected between the coupling point and the high-frequency voltage source.
- This bandpass filter is implemented as a series resonant circuit consisting of a coil and a capacitor.
- the capacitor blocks the direct voltage component of the high-voltage pulse from the high-frequency voltage source.
- the series resonant circuit is dimensioned so that on the one hand it is permeable to the high-frequency voltage and on the other hand it is blocking the harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse and the ignition noise.
- Coils and in particular high-frequency coils, such as those used in the bandpass filter are components that require a comparatively large amount of space.
- the space in the engine compartment, especially in the area above the cylinder bank, is typically not sufficient for this.
- a spatial separation of the ignition coil and the bandpass filter in two separate housings also requires considerable effort in the design of the insulation in the connecting line between the two Ge housings and in the required housing connector with a view to high voltage strength. This is a condition that needs to be improved.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a compact ignition coil in which a high voltage pulse with a superimposed high-frequency voltage is generated.
- An ignition coil for generating a high voltage pulse with a superimposed high frequency voltage comprising
- turns of the first coil and the second coil are wound around the magnetic core
- the second and third coils being electrically connected to one another
- a high frequency connector that receives the high frequency voltage is electrically connected to the second coil and the third coil.
- the knowledge / idea on which the present invention is based is to integrate the coil of the bandpass filter into the ignition coil in as space-saving a manner as possible.
- the secondary side coil arranged the Zündspu ⁇ is le, which is hereinafter referred to as a second coil, characterized by a further coil which be referred to as third coil ⁇ is and represents the coil of the band-pass filter, are electrically connected.
- a Hochfrequenzan ⁇ circuit which receives a high frequency voltage, with the
- the high-frequency terminal receives a high frequency voltage from the outside of the sink, in particular a connected to the high frequency port Hochfrequenzschreibsquel ⁇ le, and feeds the high-frequency voltage in the ignition coil.
- the coils of the ignition coil and the bandpass filter can thus be positioned spatially close to one another, and thus an ignition coil with an integrated coil of a bandpass filter can be realized with a reduced space requirement.
- Au ⁇ ßerdem is hereby provided an ignition coil in which an electrical coupling is realized a secondary side generated in the ignition coil high-voltage pulse with a superimposed high-frequency voltage ⁇ .
- the high-voltage pulse with superimposed high-frequency voltage thus generated in the ignition coil is electrically coupled out of the ignition coil at a connection of the third coil. This connection of the third coil is opposite the connection of the third coil connected to the second coil.
- the capacitor and the third coil, which form a pass filter as a band ⁇ acting series resonant circuit are dimensioned so that the frequency of a BF-voltage, which is generated in a part connected to the RF port RF generator is located in the passband of the bandpass filter. In this way, the RF voltage from the RF generator is additively coupled into the ignition coil.
- the capacitor and the third coil of the band pass filter are additionally so dimensioned that ignition noise in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine in hö ⁇ herfrequenten spectral range of the bandpass filter, so comes to rest in the stop band of the bandpass filter.
- the zuen dung noise is blocked by an appropriately sized band pass filter and passes from therefore not brennungsraum Ver ⁇ for RF generator.
- the functionality of the HF generator is therefore not disturbed by ignition noise.
- Harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse that are generated in the second coil and are below the cut-off frequency of a high-pass filter are damped by suitable dimensioning of the capacitor, which acts as a high-pass filter for the harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse.
- the harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse do not get from the second coil to the RF generator and do not interfere with the functioning of the RF generator.
- the direct component of the high-voltage pulse is blocked by the capacitor in relation to the HF generator.
- the magnetic core is made of a soft magnetic material with a sufficient magnetic saturation flux density and sufficient permeability.
- the coil arranged on the primary side is referred to below as the first coil.
- the inductance of the first coil and the second coil is increased by the magnetic core. Due to the high permeability of the coils, the size of all coils that are wound on the primary side and secondary side around the magnetic core can be reduced compared to an air coil. Thus, the space requirement ei ⁇ ner ignition coil can be smaller.
- Ferromagnetic metal alloys mostly in the form of sheet metal or foil or bound powder, or oxide-ceramic ferrimagnetic materials (ferrites) are used as materials for magnetic cores.
- the magnetic core is preferably composed of stacked sheets, between which dielectric layers are preferably arranged made of paper or plastic.
- the first coil and the second coil are designed with respect to one another in such a way that a sufficient voltage transmission ratio is realized between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit of the ignition coil.
- the number of secondary-side is Windings typically 10 to 1000 times higher than the number of primary turns.
- the diameter of the electrical conductor of the secondary coil is typically a factor 10 to 1000 smaller than the diameter of the electrical conductor belonging to the primary-side coil.
- the first coil, the second coil, the third coil and the magnetic core are each made of an electrically insulating material via a spacer element connected with each other.
- a spacer, a plastic film or a coil former, for example, can be used as the spacer element, around which the coil is wound.
- the individual spacing elements between the first coil, the second coil, the third coil and the magnetic core are each designed in such a way that the ignition coil has the most compact possible design and at the same time the least possible interference between the first coil, the second coil, and the third coil and the magnetic core.
- the potting compound not only serves to fix the individual coils and the magnetic core to one another, but also to provide electrical insulation, in particular to increase the high voltage strength, between the individual coils.
- the third coil is magnetically coupled to the magnetic flux on the secondary side guided by the magnetic core.
- the third coil is wound with its individual turns on the secondary side around the magnetic core.
- the secondary side of the ignition coil is formed by the serial connection of the second and third coils.
- the high voltage pulse is thus generated both in the second coil and in the third coil.
- the serial connection of the second and third coils can also be viewed as a single coil with two coil areas. In the transition between the two coil areas of such a single coil, an electrical contact connection, a so-called center connection, is accordingly provided, which is electrically connected to the HF connection.
- the third coil therefore fulfills a technical double function. It is used for bandpass filtering and for generating the high-voltage pulse.
- the third coil is part of the band with regard to its HF transmission characteristic ters within the RF path optimized by the distances between each The following turns of the third coil are enlarged compared to successive turns of the second coil. The parasitic capacitances within the third coil are thus reduced compared to the usual parasitic capacitances of the second coil.
- the RF current is amplified through the third coil and reduced flow through the second coil.
- An undesired electrical coupling of the RF voltage or. the RF current into the second coil is reduced in this way.
- a smaller number of turns in the third coil and thus a lower inductance for the third coil can be realized, which causes a lower inductive coupling between the third and the first coil.
- the third coil is coated, its impedance being lower than the impedance of the base material. Since the HF current driven by the HF voltage flows on the surface of the third coil and thus primarily in the area of the coating of the third coil, the HF current will essentially flow through the third coil and not through the second coil has no coating with a lower impedance.
- Silver, copper, gold, tin, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, bismuth, palladium and lead are suitable as coating materials. Alloys or composite materials made from one or more of these materials are also suitable.
- the primary-side coil and the secondary-side coil (s) are wound together around a main leg of a magnetic core.
- the magnetic core has at least one yoke leg and two jo che, each connecting the main leg and the yoke leg.
- the magnetic core composed of the main leg, the back leg and the two yokes together encloses the primary-side and the secondary-side coil (s).
- the magnetic core has a main leg !, two yoke legs and two yokes, each of which connects the main leg and the two yoke legs.
- a partial magnetic flux is conducted across the main leg, a yoke leg and two sections of the two yokes.
- the primary-side coil and the secondary-side coil (s) are wound concentrically to one another around the main leg.
- the second and third coils preferably enclose the first coil.
- For electrical insulation stand elements are provided between the magnetic core, the first coil and the second and third coil.
- the third coil encloses the second coil and the first coil.
- the second coil preferably encloses the first coil.
- the first coil can also enclose the second coil.
- a film made of an easily magnetizable material is arranged between the third coil and the second coil.
- a copper foil can also be provided, in which eddy currents are excited by the HF current flowing in the third coil and thus the electromagnetic field between the third coil and the second coil or the first coil is damped.
- the foil made of magnetizable material or the copper foil and the third Coil and the second coil each have a film made of a dielectric material.
- the third coil is designed as an RF coil.
- RF coils are wound around a magnetic core made of a ferrite. Since ferrites typically have a high heat resistant ⁇ ness, they are not very suitable for use in the environment of an engine at temperatures around 100 ° C. For this reason, the third coil to be designed as an RF coil is preferably designed as a so-called air coil, ie as a coil without a magnetic core.
- the third coil is consequently positioned and oriented within the ignition coil in such a way that it does not surround the magnetic core and, on the other hand, the entire ignition coil remains as compact as possible.
- the arrangement of the third coil in the second embodiment of the ignition coil is to term into account that the smallest possible magnetic coupling Zvi ⁇ rule of the third coil and the first and second coils is possible.
- the HF feed into the third coil should aim for the lowest possible HF losses, in particular eddy current losses in the adjacent magnetic core.
- Lower end face of the magnetic core, the side surface of the magnetic core is understood whose area vector each pa rallel to the longitudinal direction of the magnetic core, ie to the longitudinal direction of the implementation (s) of the magnetic core.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil is oriented parallel to the end face of the magnetic core.
- the cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of the third coil understood the third coil, whose surface vector runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the third coil, ie to the longitudinal direction of the implementation of the third coil.
- the turns of the third coil enclose at least a region of the first coil and / or the second coil.
- the third coil with its windings encloses at least a region of the first coil and / or the second coil, namely the region of the first coil and / or the second coil which protrudes from the magnetic core and at the same time positions laterally spaced apart from the end face of the magnetic core is, the third coil with its turns takes up the still free space to the side of the magnetic core that is not occupied by the first coil and / or the second coil.
- the magnetic fields of a third coil are largely orthogonal to the magnetic fields of the first and second coils, which are concentrated and guided as a magnetic flux in the magnetic core. In this way, the magnetic coupling between the third coil and the first and the second coil is minimized as a further advantage.
- the total inductance of the third coil can be doubled if a third coil, which is connected in series with one another, is positioned laterally to the two end faces of the magnetic core.
- the serial Verschal processing of several third coil therefore offers a possible ⁇ ness to increase the inductance of the bandpass filter and thus reducing the capacity of the bandpass filter.
- With a lower capacitance of the capacitor high attenuation for the harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse can be achieved by the capacitor, which also acts as a high-pass filter.
- the individual turns of the third coil implemented as an air coil are each positioned laterally spaced from an end face of the magnetic core.
- the turns of the third coil are laterally spaced from one of the two yoke legs or one of the two yokes.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil is oriented perpendicular to the end face of the magnetic core.
- the third coil By positioning the third coil laterally spaced from an end face of the magnetic core, in particular laterally spaced from one of the two yoke legs or one of the two yokes, the third coil takes up the still free space to the side of the magnetic core, that of the first Coil and / or the second coil is not occupied. A compact design is thus realized.
- the magnetic coupling between the third coil and the first or the second coil is reduced because, with the exception of the transition region between the main leg and the two yokes, the magnetic field of the third coil is oriented orthogonally to the magnetic fields of the first and the second coil. Since the transition area between the main leg and the two yokes is comparatively small and is not in the maximum of the magnetic field lines of the third coil, the magnetic coupling between the third coil and the first and the second coil is small. It is particularly expedient if a plurality of third coils connected in series with one another are positioned laterally spaced apart from an end face of the magnetic core. The cross-sectional areas of all serially differ : ⁇ n len third Spu are each oriented perpendicular to the end face of the magnetic core.
- a third coil can be positioned, up to eight third coils can be connected in series. Compared to a single third coil, the series connection of several third coils increases the overall inductance. Since the third coil of the second Untervari ⁇ ante mainly due to their reduced cross-sectional area and number of turns their lower has a lower inductance than the third coil of the first sub-variant can be prepared by the Maintenance of several third coils in the second sub-variant compensated for this disadvantage and possibly even compared Be improved Unterva ⁇ riante.
- the third coil is laterally spaced from the lateral surface of the first and / or the second coil positio ned.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil is oriented perpendicular to the end face of the magnetic core.
- the ignition coil thus has a geri jnipaktmaschine, but due to the greater distance of the third
- Coil to the magnetic core lower eddy current losses in the magnetic core, ie. lower RF losses.
- the magnetic coupling between the third coil and the first or. the second coil is reduced because the distance between the third coil and the magnetic core is comparatively larger.
- a further coil is connected between the RF port and the second coil, preferably as Dros ⁇ selspule as BF coil is formed.
- This further coil is constricting in Fol ⁇ called fourth coil.
- An RF coil in particular a choke coil, dampens an RF voltage in the best possible way and at the same time minimizes the eddy currents generated in the magnetic core by the RF voltage.
- a choke coil has an inductive resistance, ie an impedance with a significantly higher inductive component than the capacitive component.
- the damping within the choke coil is to be designed as a function of the cross-sectional area, the number of turns and the coil length of the choke coil.
- the choke coil is preferably designed as an air coil. The attenuation of the RF voltage reduces electrical coupling of the RF voltage impressed at the RF connection into the second coil. This advantageous effect becomes more pronounced in the presence of parasitic Capa ⁇ capacities between the secondary side of the ignition coil and the Herge typically made of an electrically conductive material set on the housing of the ignition coil.
- the fourth coil can be positioned laterally spaced from an end face of the magnetic core.
- the cross-sectional area of the fourth coil like the third coil, can be oriented parallel or perpendicular to the end face of the magnetic core.
- a series connection of several fourth coils to increase the inductance is also conceivable.
- This spark plug current which causes the fuel-air mixture to ignite in the combustion chamber, is superimposed with a higher-frequency interference current caused by the ignition process.
- the higher-frequency interference current superimposed in the spark plug current is decoupled from the spark plug as an EMC fault and emitted via the lead of the spark plug. Since the level of the higher-frequency interference current depends on the level of the spark plug current, the EMC radiation can be effectively reduced by damping the spark plug current by means of the ohmic resistance.
- a third embodiment there is an ignition coil, in which the third coil spaced laterally to the first and spaced to the second coil and the cross-sectional area of the third coil preferably perpendicular to ei ⁇ ner end face of the magnetic core is oriented.
- the third coil is arranged in a connecting shaft within an engine block. In this way, the construction volume of the ignition coil outside the engine block is limited to the first coil, the second coil and the magnetic core and thus considerably reduces the space required for the ignition coil.
- a connecting shaft within an engine block is understood to mean a recess extending from the outer surface of the engine block into the inner region of the engine block. This recess has a suitable cross
- the connecting shaft allows an electrical connection element between a lead in the inner area of the engine block ⁇ mounted spark plug and an ignition coil, which is typically outside the Mo ⁇ torblockes immediately adjacent to or positioned on the outer surface of the engine block in the engine block.
- the magnetic field of the third coil runs ortho ⁇ gonally to the magnetic fields of the first and second coils belonging to the ignition coil. The magnetic coupling between the third coil and the first or second coil is thus reduced.
- a third coil with a large number of turns can be positioned within the connecting shaft, a third coil with a high inductance can be realized by the third embodiment of the ignition coil.
- 1A is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention
- 1B is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention.
- 2 ⁇ is a three-dimensional representation of the first imple mentation form of the ignition coil of the invention
- Fig. 2B is a three-dimensional representation of another
- 2C is a three-dimensional representation of an in one
- Fig. 3A is a three-dimensional representation of a first Un ⁇ terline the second embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention
- Fig. 3B is a three dimensional representation of a second Un ⁇ terline the second embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention
- 3C is a three-dimensional representation of an extension of the second sub-variant of the second embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention
- 3D is a three-dimensional representation of a third sub-variant of the second embodiment of the ignition coil of the invention
- 4A is a three-dimensional representation of an ignition coil of the invention with a first embodiment for minimizing the electrical coupling of the HF voltage into the primary side of the ignition coil,
- 4B is a three-dimensional representation of an ignition coil of the invention with a second variant for minimizing the electrical coupling of the HF voltage into the primary side of the ignition coil,
- Fig. 4C is a three-dimensional representation of an ignition coil of the invention with a third variant for minimizing the electrical coupling of the BF voltage into the primary side of the ignition coil and
- Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of an engine block with an integrated ignition coil of the invention.
- FIG. 1A In the circuit diagram of FIG. 1A is an arrangement for ⁇ tegration In a first embodiment of an ignition coil of the invention shown with a band pass filter *.
- the first coil 1 is connected at one end via a DC voltage connection 2 of the ignition coil, a switch 3 to the electrode of a DC voltage source 4, preferably a battery.
- the other electrode of the DC voltage source 3 is connected to a ground potential.
- the further electrode of the first coil 1 is of the ignition coil to a ground potential via a verbun Mas ⁇ sean circuit 5 the.
- the switch 3 is closed. A direct current flows through the first coil 1 of the ignition coil and is driven by the direct voltage of the direct voltage source 5.
- the switch 3 is opened and the current flow through the first coil 1 is interrupted. This interruption of the current flow induces in the first le 1 a voltage pulse.
- the voltage level of the voltage pulse is dependent on the inductance of the first coil 1 and the change in current in the first coil 1 and thus indi rectly on the voltage level of the DC voltage source 4.
- the voltage level of the voltage pulse is thus on the order of a few 100 V and is therefore not sufficient for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture within the combustion chamber by the spark plug 6.
- a transformer or transformer with a magnetic core 7 is provided in the ignition coil, around which the turns of the first coil 1 on the primary side and the turns of a second coil 8 and one and a third coil 9 on the secondary side are cringing.
- the voltage pulse induced in the first coil 1 is transformed into a high-voltage pulse in the two coils arranged on the secondary side.
- One end of the second coil 8 and one end of the third coil 9 are electrically connected to one another.
- the other end of the second coil 8 is connected to another Connection 10 of the ignition coil connected to a ground potential.
- the other end of the third coil 9 is electrically connected via a high-voltage connection 11 of the ignition coil to an electrode of the spark plug 6.
- the other electrode of the spark plug 6 is connected to the ground potential.
- an RF connector 12 belonging to the ignition coil is electrically connected to feed an RF voltage to the second coil 8 and the third coil 9.
- This HF voltage is superimposed on the high voltage pulse transformed into the second coil 8 and the third coil 9.
- an HF current can also be impressed or fed into the HF connection 12.
- the RF voltage is generated in an RF voltage source 13.
- a capacitor 15 is connected between the RF source 13 and the RF connector 12.
- the third coil 9 serves as the coil of the series resonant circuit or the bandpass filter 15,
- the capacitor 15 also serves as a high pass filter. Its capacity is dimensioned such that the harmonic components of the high-voltage pulse generated in the second coil 8 come to lie in the low-frequency blocking region of the high-pass filter and are therefore blocked in front of the RF voltage source 13. Finally, the capacitor 15 is blocking for the DC component of ten in the second coil 8 er Weg ⁇ high voltage pulse.
- the inductance of the third coil 9 becomes so designed that, in combination with the capacitance of the capacitor 15 defined in the first parametrization step, there is a resonance frequency of the series resonant circuit and thus a center frequency of the bandpass filter 14 in which the frequency of the generated HF voltage comes to lie. In this way, the bandpass filter 14 is permeable to the generated HF voltage, while it is to the higher frequency
- Ignition noise has a blocking effect.
- an ignition coil is thus created which generates a high-voltage pulse with a superimposed RF voltage and at the same time integrates the coil of the band pass filter with little effort.
- the coil of the bandpass filter is realized as part of the secondary-side winding of an ignition coil.
- the secondary-side winding of the ignition coil is thus composed of the series connection of the second coil 8 and the third coil 9.
- the invention also covers the alternative case in which the secondary-side winding of the ignition coil is implemented as a single coil arranged on the secondary side, comprising two coil regions connected to one another in series.
- a so-called center contact or center connection is provided in the connection area between the two coil areas for feeding in the HF voltage.
- the integration of the coil of the bandpass filter in the secondary-side winding of the ignition coil advantageously also requires a reduction in the construction volume of the arrangement of the ignition coil and bandpass filter.
- the third coil 9 is located outside the magnetic core 7 of the ignition coil. Only the turns of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 are wound around the magnetic core 7. The magnetic flux is in the magnetic core 7 between the primary the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 arranged on the secondary side are guided and concentrated. A large part of the inductive coupling is thus only realized between the first coil 1 and the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 is in the second embodiment of the
- Ignition coil rather in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic core 7 and the first and second coils 1 and 8 angeord net.
- the inductive coupling between the first coil 1 and the third coil 9 is thus significantly reduced compared to the first embodiment.
- the inductive Zvi ⁇ rule of the first coil 1 and the third coil 9 is carried in this case only via the leakage flux.
- the second embodiment of the ignition coil does not differ from the first embodiment in the remaining details. A repeated description of the approximate shape identical to the first exporting ⁇ features and identical components will be omitted at this point.
- the magnetic core 7 is made of layers hen built on, between which layers of electrically insulating material are arranged.
- the layered sheets are made of a soft magnetic material, preferably made of egg sen. The stratification of the sheets prevents eddy currents in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic core 7.
- the magnetic core 7 is composed of a main leg 16, two inference legs 17i and 112 and two yokes I81 and I82, which connect the two inference legs 17i and 112 to the main leg 16.
- the turns of the first coil 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9 are wound around the main leg 16.
- the turns of the first spu le 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9 are each passed through two bushings in the magnetic core 7, each between the main leg 16, one of the two yoke legs 17c and 17 2 and a region of the two yokes 18i and I82 in Longitudinal direction of the magnetic core 7 are arranged.
- an embodiment of the ignition coil is also conceivable in which the magnetic core 7 has a single yoke leg.
- the implementation of the ignition coil as a core transformer with two main legs and two yokes connecting the two main legs to one another is also conceivable.
- the windings of the first coil 1 are wound around one main leg and the windings of the second and third coils 8 and 9 are wound around the other main leg.
- a more compact winding of the windings arranged on the primary side and the windings arranged on the secondary side around the associated main leg and thus a smaller longitudinal extension of the ignition coil requires a greater transverse extension of the ignition coil due to the provision of two main legs.
- the turns of the second and third coils 8 and 9 are arranged adjacent to one another in their longitudinal direction of extension. The transverse extension of the second and the third coil 8 and 9 and thus also the transverse extent of the ignition coil is minimized in this form.
- the first coil 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9 are each wound around a winding body made of an electrically insulating material, which is not shown in FIG. 2A for reasons of clarity.
- Each of these winding bodies serves as a spacing element between the magnetic core 7, the first coil 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9.
- the individual winding bodies are preferably connected to one another. In this way, the magnetic core 7, the first coil 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9 can each be positioned relative to one another and oriented towards one another. In particular, a spacing-minimized and thus space-minimized arrangement is possible with such winding bodies or spacing elements.
- FIG. 2A shows the electrical connection between the second coil 8 and the third coil 9, which is connected to the RF connector 12.
- the two mass connections 5 and 10 of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8, the DC voltage connection 2 connected to the first coil 1 and the high voltage connection 11 connected to the output of the third coil 9 can be seen in FIG. 2A.
- the ignition coil is preferably arranged in a housing 19 according to FIG. 2C.
- This housing 19, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2C, is preferably made of an electrically conductive material, for example aluminum, in order to achieve a good electromagnetic shielding effect.
- the HF voltage coupled into the ignition coil does not penetrate into the outer space of the housing 19 and thus does not lead to a negative influence or destruction of electronics arranged in the engine compartment of a vehicle.
- the capacitor 15 and thus the bandpass filter 14 are fully integrated into the housing 19 of the ignition coil. This leads to a compact design of an arrangement for integrating the ignition coil and bandpass filter.
- the capacitor 15, as indicated in FIG. 2C is arranged laterally spaced apart from an end face of the magnetic core 7 in a space not yet occupied within the housing 19.
- the capacitor 15 can also be arranged outside the housing 19.
- Suitable plug connectors preferably housing plug connectors, can preferably be formed for the individual connections of the ignition coil.
- the HF connection 12 of the ignition coil which is electrically connected to the second coil 8 and the third coil 9, is offset due to the integration of the capacitor 15 into the housing 19 at the other connection of the capacitor 15 and thus is led out of the housing 19 as an HF connection 12 '.
- the high-voltage strength of the RF coil as being formed third coil 9 may in addition to the insulation by the potting compound 20 by an insulated RF coil beispielswei ⁇ se through an established with a copper wire RF coil can be additionally improved.
- the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 can be wound with a copper wire to increase the high voltage strength.
- the third coil 9 is not arranged in the longitudinal direction adjacent to the second coil 8, but encloses the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 is therefore arranged in the transverse direction adjacent to the second coil 8 .
- the third coil 9 can be wound on a winding body.
- a film 26 made of an easily magnetizable material, preferably of a mu-metal is arranged between the third coil 9 and the second coil 8 .
- a copper foil can also be arranged in which eddy currents are excited by the HF current flowing in the third coil 9 and thus the electromagnetic field between the third coil 9 and the second coil 8 or the first coil 1 is damped.
- the film 26 of magnetizable material each having a film made of a dielectric material, preferably of a synthetic ⁇ material, in particular made of polyurethane, placed.
- a dielectric plastic film can also be arranged between the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 and the third coil 9, respectively, with a view to a more compact design in view of a more compact design.
- the third coil 9 can with regard to their transfer characteristic, insbesonde ⁇ re their RF transmission characteristic as the second coil 8 may be designed.
- the third coil 9 is to be flowed through as optimally as possible by an RF current driven by the applied HF voltage, while an electrical coupling of the HF current into the second coil 8 is to be minimized as far as possible, the third coil is optimized in terms of high frequency technology 9, as shown below:
- the projections 9 From be designed larger than the distances of each successive ⁇ turns of the second coil 8 of each successive turns of the drit th coil.
- the parasitic capacitances which occur in particular between two successive turns, are minimized in the third coil 9 compared to the second coil 8 and since the RF transmission characteristic of the third coil 9 is optimized compared to the second coil 8.
- the parasitic capacitances in the third coil 9 are minimized by a special winding of the electrical conductor.
- the third coil 9 is wound, for example, into a honeycomb, basket bottom, star or flat coil. In this way, the RF transmission behavior of the third coil 9 can be optimized compared to the second coil 8.
- An additional improvement in the RF transmission behavior for the third coil 9 is achieved by winding an RF strand as an electrical conductor for the third coil 9.
- the wire diameter i.e. the diameter of the electrical conductor
- the third coil 9 is designed to be larger than the wire diameter of the second coil 8. Due to the skin effect, the HF current flows only on the surface of the electrical conductor of a coil and, starting from the surface of the electrical conductor, penetrates only to a certain depth, which among other things depends on the frequency of the HF current and on material parameters of the electrical conductor, into the electrical conductor of the coil. Thus, in the case of an electrical conductor with a larger diameter and the same penetration depth, the cross-sectional area of the electrical conductor of the coil in which the HF current flows is larger than in the case of an electrical conductor with a smaller diameter due to the larger circumference. Thus, the electrical impedance of the third coil 9, which acts on the HF current, is smaller by the second technical measure than in the second coil 8. The HF transmission characteristic is thus improved in the third coil 9 compared to the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 is coated, while the second coil 8 remains uncoated.
- the coating of the third coil 9 has a lower electrical impedance than the base material of the third coil 9.
- the coating is thus produced from a coating material which has a higher electrical conductivity and / or a lower permeability than the base material.
- the HF current which flows due to the skin effect in the surface area of the electrical conductor of the coil, consequently meets a better HF transmission characteristic in the third coil 9 than in the second coil 8.
- Base material of the second coil 2 is many times larger than the total inductance of the base and coating material of the third coil 9, so that the HF current preferably flows through the third coil 9 because of the significantly higher impedance of the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 has no magnetic core and is thus implemented as an air coil. With a suitably chosen orientation of the third coil 9 to the magnetic core 7, it is possible to significantly minimize the magnetic and inductive coupling between the third coil 9 and the first coil 1 via the concentrated magnetic flux guided in the magnetic core 7. A magnetic and inductive coupling with the first coil 1 only exists via the significantly weaker stray flux. In contrast to the first embodiment of an ignition coil, the magnetic and inductive in ⁇ coupling the RF voltage from the secondary side into the primary side of the ignition coil is significantly minimized.
- the third coil 9 implemented as an air coil, is laterally spaced apart from an end face 21 of the magnetic core 7 positioned.
- the turns of the third coil 9 enclose at least a region of the first coil 1 and the third coil 8 which corresponds to the region of the first coil 1 and the third coil 8 which protrudes from the magnetic core 7.
- the third coil 9 occupies the still unused space to the side of the magnetic core 7, which is not used by the first coil 1 and the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 is positioned close to the magnetic core 7 and to the first and second coils 1 and 8. In this way, a compact design for the ignition coil is realized.
- the third coil 9 in the arrangement shown in FIG. 3A can be arranged not only above the magnetic core 7 but also below the magnetic core 7.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil 9 is oriented parallel to the end face 21 of the magnetic core 7.
- the magnetic field of the third coil 9 runs orthogonal to the direction of the magnetic flux of the first and second coils 1 and 8 within the magnetic core 7.
- the orthogonality in the orientation of the magnetic field of the third coil 9 to the magnetic flux within the magnetic core 7 is not given slightly.
- this transition area is very small and does not lie in the maximum of the magnetic field strength of the third coil, magnetic and inductive coupling between the third coil 9 and the two other coils of the ignition coil, in particular the first coil 1, is minimized as far as possible.
- the third coil 9 is also laterally tioniert spaced from an end surface 21 of the magnetic core 7 posi ⁇
- the third coil 9 is in this case either one of the two yokes or to one of the two yoke's angle of the magnetic core 7 are arranged laterally adjacent.
- the third coil 9 increases in the second sub-variant of the still unused space at the side of the magnetic core 7 a, which does not be of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 is ⁇ uses. In this case too, a compact design for the ignition coil is achieved.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil 9 is positioned in the two sub-variant th perpendicular to an end face 21 of Mag ⁇ netkerns. 7
- the magnetic field of the third coil 9 within the magnetic core 7 is oriented orthogonally to the direction of the magnetic flux of the first and second coils 1 and 8 carried in the magnetic core 7. Only in the transition area between the main leg and the two yokes of the magnetic core 7, the Or ⁇ is orthogonality slightly not given the first and second coils 1 and 8 between the magnetic field of the third coil 9 and guided in the magnetic core magnetic flux.
- the orthogonality between the magnetic field of the third coil 9 and the magnetic flux guided in the magnetic core of the first and second coils 1 and 8 is in the transition area between the main leg and the two yokes Magnetic core 7 in the second sub-variant is slightly worse than in the first sub-variant.
- the transition area is comparatively very small and is not at the maximum of the magnetic field strength of the third coil 9
- the magnetic coupling between the third coil 9 and the first and the second coil 1 is also in the second sub-variant of the second embodiment and 8 reduced.
- the third coil 9 has a smaller cross-sectional area than in the first sub-variant and thus has a lower inductance.
- a plurality of third coils 9i, 9 2 , 9s and 9 4 are connected in series. With each additional serially connected third coil, the total inductance of such a serial connection of third coils increases by the inductance of a single third coil.
- a third coil 9 can be positioned laterally spaced on each yoke and each yoke leg of the magnetic core 7 and on each of the two end faces 21 of the magnetic core 7, up to eight third coils can be positioned and connected in the ignition coil. In this way, the total inductance of such a serial connection of third coils can be multiplied by a factor of eight compared to the inductance of a single third coil.
- the inductance of the third coil 9 can be doubled if a third coil is positioned laterally spaced apart from the two end faces 21 of the magnetic core 7 and both third coils are connected to one another in series.
- the third coil 9 is lent to the lateral surface of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8, preferably laterally to the lateral surface of the gene arranged outside coil 8, positioned. Due to the lateral positioning of the third coil 9 relative to the first and second coils 1 and 8, the design of the ignition coil in the third sub-variant of the second embodiment is slightly deteriorated compared to all the sub-variants and embodiments previously presented. At the expense of the lower compactness of the ignition coil, lower eddy current losses in the magnetic core 7, ie lower RF losses of the third coil 9 through which an HF current flows, can be realized in the third sub variant due to the greater distance between the third coil 9 and the magnetic core 7.
- an ohmic resistor 22 is connected between the HF connection 12 and the second coil 8. tet.
- the ohmic resistor 22 should preferably be positioned laterally from one of the two end faces 21 of the magnetic core 7 in a space not yet used by the first coil 1, the second coil 8 and the third coil 9 .
- the ohmic resistor 22 is dimensioned such that an HF current driven by the HF voltage at the HF connection 12 is damped in such a way that only a comparatively small HF current flows through the second coil 8.
- the ohmic resistance stood 22 is also to be dimensioned in relation to the ohmic resistance within the second coil 8 so that the RF voltage level at the transition between the second coil 8 and the ohmic resistor 22 is significantly lower than at the RF terminal 12.
- the ohmic resistor 22 also dampens the spark plug current driven by the high-voltage pulse as an additional positive effect.
- This spark plug current which causes the fuel-air mixture to ignite in the combustion chamber, is superimposed with a higher-frequency interference current caused by the ignition process.
- the higher-frequency interference current superimposed in the spark plug current is disadvantageously coupled out of the spark plug as an EMC interference and radiated in the supply line of the spark plug. Since the level of the higher-frequency interference current depends on the level of the spark plug current, the damping of the spark plug current by means of the ohmic resistor 22 can effectively reduce the EMC radiation.
- a further coil 23, which is referred to below as the fourth coil 23, is between the HF connection 12 and the second coil 8 switched.
- This fourth coil 23 is designed as an RF coil and thus implemented as an air coil with a view to minimizing the RF losses.
- the fourth coil 23 is formed as a choke coil ⁇ and attenuates with their inductive impedance which is fed at the RF terminal 12 RF voltage. At the transition between the fourth coil 23 and the second coil 8, there is consequently an RF voltage level which is reduced compared to the voltage level of the RF voltage at the RF connection 12.
- the fourth coil 23 implemented as an air coil, is positioned analogously to the third coil 9 in the first sub-variant of the second embodiment of an ignition coil, laterally spaced apart from an end face 21 of the magnetic core 7, and encloses the one that protrudes from the magnetic core 7 Area of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8.
- the third coil 9 and the fourth coil 23 are each laterally spaced from two different end faces 21 of the magnetic core 7, so that an ignition coil is realized with maximum compactness.
- the cross-sectional area of the fourth coil 23 is oriented in analogy to the cross-sectional area of the third coil 9 parallel to an end face 21 of the magnetic core 7. In this way, the magnetic fields of both of the third coil are each oriented 9 and the fourth coil 23 is orthogonal to the direction of the magnetic flux of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 in ⁇ nergur of the magnetic core. 7 Thus, the magnetic and inductive coupling of the third coil 9 and also the fourth coil 23 to the first coil 1 and the second coil 8 is reduced.
- the fourth coil 23 can, analogously to the third coil in the second sub-variant of the second embodiment of an ignition coil, be laterally spaced from one another End face 21 of the magnetic core 7 can be positioned and at the same time oriented with its cross-sectional area perpendicular to an end face 21 of the magnetic core 7. According to FIG. 4C, the third coil 9 and the fourth coil 23 can each be positioned laterally spaced from two different end faces 21 of the magnetic core 7.
- the second embodiment of an ignition coil with respect to an increase in the inductance of the fourth coil may be connected in series meh eral fourth coils 23 23 and space opti mized ⁇ be disposed within the ignition coil.
- the third coil 9 is arranged in the connecting shaft 24 of an engine block 25 with a view to a compact design.
- the third coil 9 is positioned laterally to the lateral surface of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8, preferably laterally to the lateral surface of the second coil 8 arranged on the outside.
- the cross-sectional area of the third coil 9 is oriented parallel to an end face 21 of the magnetic core 7. In this way, the magnetic field of the third coil 9 is oriented orthogonally to the magnetic flux of the first coil 1 and the second coil 8, which is guided in the magnetic core 7. The magnetic and inductive coupling between the third coil 9 and the first coil 1 is thus minimized, with the exception of the coupling due to the leakage flux.
- the housing 19 of the ignition coil which is shown in phantom in Fig. 5 to be interpreted is designed so that it contains all the components of the ignition coil and in the connection slot 24 of the Mo ⁇ torblockes insertable 25th
- the present invention has been completely described above on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, it is not restricted to these but can be modified in a variety of ways.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018122467.2A DE102018122467A1 (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | IGNITION COIL |
PCT/EP2019/073967 WO2020053134A1 (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2019-09-09 | Ignition coil |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3834216A1 true EP3834216A1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
EP3834216B1 EP3834216B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
EP3834216C0 EP3834216C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
Family
ID=67956744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19769089.4A Active EP3834216B1 (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2019-09-09 | Arrangement for the integration of an ignition coil and a band-pass filter |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11361900B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3834216B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112673438A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018122467A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020053134A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CH565943A5 (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1975-08-29 | Hartig Gunter | |
JPH10242159A (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Transistor with built-in voltage regulator diode |
US7254938B2 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2007-08-14 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Power supply and transformer |
JP5255682B2 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-08-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition device |
JP5340431B2 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-11-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition device |
JP5469229B1 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-04-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition coil device for high frequency discharge |
JP5805125B2 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-11-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition device |
JP5535363B1 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-07-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition coil device for high frequency discharge and high frequency discharge ignition device |
JP5709960B2 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | High frequency discharge ignition device |
JP5983637B2 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-09-06 | 株式会社デンソー | Transformer equipment |
JP6000320B2 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-09-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | High frequency discharge ignition device |
DE102018116597A1 (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | CIRCUIT FOR SWITCHING AN AC VOLTAGE |
-
2018
- 2018-09-14 DE DE102018122467.2A patent/DE102018122467A1/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-09-09 EP EP19769089.4A patent/EP3834216B1/en active Active
- 2019-09-09 CN CN201980059064.XA patent/CN112673438A/en active Pending
- 2019-09-09 US US17/274,976 patent/US11361900B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-09 WO PCT/EP2019/073967 patent/WO2020053134A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3834216B1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
CN112673438A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
WO2020053134A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
EP3834216C0 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
DE102018122467A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
US20210366651A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
US11361900B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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