EP3833791A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von edelmetalllegierungen und damit erhaltene edelmetalllegierungen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von edelmetalllegierungen und damit erhaltene edelmetalllegierungen

Info

Publication number
EP3833791A1
EP3833791A1 EP20739720.9A EP20739720A EP3833791A1 EP 3833791 A1 EP3833791 A1 EP 3833791A1 EP 20739720 A EP20739720 A EP 20739720A EP 3833791 A1 EP3833791 A1 EP 3833791A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
precious metal
manufacturing
powder
alloy
boride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20739720.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Csilla Miko
Rémi GROSJEAN
Jean-Luc Bazin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Original Assignee
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Publication of EP3833791A1 publication Critical patent/EP3833791A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
    • C01B35/02—Boron; Borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
    • C01B35/02—Boron; Borides
    • C01B35/04—Metal borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • C22C1/053—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor with in situ formation of hard compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • C22C1/057—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor with in situ formation of phases other than hard compounds by solid state reaction sintering, e.g. metal phase formed by reduction reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/058—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder by reaction sintering (i.e. gasless reaction starting from a mixture of solid metal compounds)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
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    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/14—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on borides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/14—Formation of a green body by jetting of binder onto a bed of metal powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
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    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing precious metal alloys.
  • the present invention also relates to such alloys of precious metals and to parts made with these alloys.
  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing light alloys of precious metals obtained from gold, silver, platinum, palladium, ruthenium or iridium.
  • the light alloys of precious metals in question here are titratable, that is to say they are alloys whose ratio between the mass of the precious metal which enters into the composition of the alloy and the total mass of this alloy is determined by law.
  • precious metal a metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, ruthenium and iridium.
  • Precious metals such as gold are used in many fields such as jewelry and watchmaking.
  • Gold has the disadvantage of being easily deformable with the corollary that a simple impact is enough to deform the jewel made using this precious metal. This is why we tried very early to improve the mechanical properties of gold by alloying it with other metallic elements.
  • silver and copper are the two main metals used to improve the rigidity of gold.
  • the alloying of gold with other metallic elements such as silver or copper leads to metallic alloys whose hardness is greater than that of gold.
  • these gold alloys have the drawback of having a high density. This is why attempts have been made to alloy gold with metallic elements of lower density.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing light alloys of precious metals making it possible in particular to obtain light alloys of precious metals which are stable from a physicochemical point of view and with the aid of which it is possible to produce massive components.
  • the method according to the invention consists in producing an alloy of a precious metal and boron by reacting a source of said precious metal with a source of boron in a mixture of molten salts acting as a solvent.
  • the boron source occurs as a powder, possibly weakly aggregated, and the precious metal source also occurs as a powder.
  • the mixture of the source of boron, of the source of precious metal and of the salt (s) can then be subjected to gentle grinding, for example carried out by means of a mortar, this operation being carried out in a dry atmosphere. that is to say free of moisture, and preferably inert.
  • the source of boron is sodium borohydride and the source of precious metal is a chloride of said precious metal.
  • the alloy resulting from this process is formed from precious metal boride nanoparticles MxBy where M is the precious metal distributed in a boron B matrix.
  • the y / x ratio of the precious metal boride nanoparticles MxBy is greater than or equal to 1 and, more preferably, greater than or equal to 2. The process according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce precious metal alloys rich in boron.
  • the alloy of precious metal and boron is directly used to manufacture a part by powder metallurgy.
  • the alloy of precious metal and boron resulting from the process by synthesis of molten salts according to the invention is enriched in precious metal before manufacturing the part by powder metallurgy.
  • the present invention thus relates to the alloy of precious metal and boron directly resulting from the manufacturing process by synthesis in molten salts as well as the alloy enriched in precious metal. It also concerns parts, in particular timepieces or jewelry, made with the alloy of precious metal and boron directly resulting from the manufacturing process by reaction with molten salts or with this same alloy enriched in precious metal. Indeed, it is possible that the y / x ratio is too high to achieve, for example, an 18 carat gold. In this case, the boron matrix is enriched with the precious metal.
  • the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain alloys of precious metal and of boron which exhibit both excellent mechanical properties and low density.
  • the process according to the invention offers, for the first time, the possibility of combining, on an industrial scale, a component of very low density, in this case boron, with a precious metal. , in particular but not exclusively gold, the density of which is high.
  • the selected precious metal and boron combine intimately, without at any time a phenomenon of segregation between the two materials can be observed.
  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a boride of a precious metal, also called hereafter an alloy of precious metal and of boron, and a method of manufacturing a part made of this alloy.
  • the alloy is produced by synthesis in molten salts, a synthesis also known by its Anglo-Saxon name Synthesis in Molten Salts or SMS. This synthesis consists in bringing together the reactive substances of the precious metal and of boron in a medium comprising salts. When the whole is heated, the salts melt, thus acting like a liquid medium.
  • the synthesis of the alloy of precious metal and boron in molten salts uses a source of metal and a source of boron.
  • the metal source can be selected from the group comprising the sulphates, carbonates, acetates, nitrates, acetylacetonates and halides of the precious metal.
  • the source of precious metal is a halide and, more precisely still, a chloride of the precious metal (MCIx).
  • the precious metal is chosen from gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Rh) and iridium (Ir) and, more preferably, from gold, silver, platinum and iridium.
  • the source of boron can be chosen from the group comprising boranes (BxHy) and borohydrides (MBH4).
  • the source of boron is sodium borohydride (NaBH4).
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a chloride of the precious metal, such as AuC for gold (Au), and of sodium borohydride (NaBH4).
  • a chloride of the precious metal such as AuC for gold (Au)
  • AuC for gold (Au) and of sodium borohydride (NaBH4).
  • the salts acting as reaction medium they are preferably soluble in water to allow recovery of the boride after the reaction.
  • it may be a mixture of one or more salts of alkali metals and more precisely of halides, carbonates, sulphates or even nitrates.
  • it is a eutectic mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride in a ratio of 45-50% by weight of LiCl and 55-50% by weight of KCl which has a melting point around 355. ° C.
  • the salt is preferably present in a molar amount greater than that of the total molar amount of boron in the source of boron and of the metal in the source of precious metal.
  • the salt is typically solid at room temperature and is melted at a temperature between 100 and 1000 ° C, preferably between 355 and 900 ° C during the reaction. Ideally, one places oneself above the melting temperature of the mixture of salts, but below the vaporization temperature of this mixture. For example, the Lil / KI mixture partially vaporizes above 850 ° C.
  • the reactive medium can optionally comprise one or more additives having the function of controlling the size of the particles and / or the morphology of the boride obtained. It may, for example, be an iodide such as potassium or sodium iodide.
  • the amount of additive is preferably between 1 and 100 moles per mole of metal of the precious metal source.
  • the process can be carried out at ambient pressure or at a pressure greater than ambient pressure.
  • the atmosphere can be controlled.
  • the use of lithium and potassium salts requires having to work in an inert atmosphere, due to the sensitivity of these chemicals to water and / or oxygen. Therefore, the precursors are handled and mixed under an inert argon atmosphere.
  • the actual synthesis is carried out in an atmosphere of argon and not of nitrogen, since nitrogen is likely to react with certain species of boron and lead to the formation of boron nitride.
  • the process is carried out by mixing the source of precious metal, the source of boron and the salt (s).
  • the whole is heated to the desired temperature to melt the salt or the mixture of salts and maintained at this temperature for a time preferably between 30 minutes and 10 hours.
  • the reactive medium is preferably allowed to cool naturally.
  • Metal borides are obtained in the form of aggregates dispersed in a volume of frozen salts.
  • washing / centrifugation cycles are performed in a polar solvent such as water or methanol.
  • the alloy resulting from this molten salt manufacturing process is in the form of a powder formed from aggregates of crystalline nanoparticles of metal boride MxBy dispersed in an amorphous boron B matrix.
  • nanometric particles means particles whose size is between 5 and 200 nm, preferably between 10 and 100 nm.
  • the aggregates typically have a size between 0.3 and 1 micrometer.
  • the stoichiometric ratio y / x of the metal boride MxBy which makes up the crystalline nanoparticles is greater than or equal to 1 and, more preferably, greater than or equal to 2.
  • the nanoparticles must meet the composition AuB y with y close to 6.
  • the alloy resulting from the manufacturing process by synthesis of molten salts is directly used to manufacture a part by powder metallurgy.
  • the powder formed from the aggregates is used as such or is first ground to obtain a powder with a d50 of less than 70 ⁇ m. In other words, 50% of the particles forming the powder have a diameter less than or equal to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the alloy is enriched with precious metal before the part is manufactured by powder metallurgy. This enrichment is carried out via the additional steps consisting of:
  • This powder has a d50 of less than 70 ⁇ m;
  • an alloy comprising crystalline nanoparticles of metal boride MxBy with M which is the precious metal, distributed in a matrix formed of amorphous boron B and metal boride MzBa, with z and a which may be equal to or less than x and y, respectively.
  • the stoichiometry of the metal boride particles dispersed in the boron matrix is usually not the same as that of the metal boride particles which form the matrix with the boron.
  • the particles of metal boride which form the matrix with boron often have a mole fraction z of the metal equal to or even slightly greater than the mole fraction a of boron.
  • the part manufacturing process whether with the alloy according to the first variant or with the alloy according to the second variant, then comprises the following steps:
  • a first possibility for obtaining the desired solid part consists in introducing the powder resulting from the micronization treatment into a mold and subjecting this mold to a pressure. uni-axial or isostatic.
  • the three-dimensional additive manufacturing processing can be of the direct printing type.
  • the three-dimensional additive manufacturing techniques of the direct type available are laser sintering, also known by its Anglo-Saxon name Selective Laser Melting or SLM, and electron bombardment sintering also known by its Anglo-Saxon name E-beam melting.
  • the three-dimensional additive manufacturing processing can be of the indirect printing type.
  • the indirect type three-dimensional additive manufacturing techniques available are:
  • Inkjetting the powder resulting from the micronization treatment of the precious metal boron alloy ingot is dispersed in the ink.
  • the ink is printed layer after layer, each layer being cured by exposure to radiation from a light source, for example UV, before depositing the next layer.
  • NPJ nanoparticle jetting
  • DLP Digital Light Projecting
  • a third possibility for obtaining the desired solid part consists in subjecting the powder resulting from the micronization treatment of the ingot to a three-dimensional additive manufacturing treatment, d injection or micro-injection in the presence of a polymeric binder.
  • the powder resulting from the micronization treatment of the precious metal boron alloy ingot is mixed with the polymeric binder to obtain a feedstock.
  • a green part is then produced, the shape of which corresponds to the profile of the desired part by subjecting the feed load either to injection or micro-injection, or to an additive manufacturing technique.
  • this technique involves spraying a solvent on a bed of aggregates formed by the feedstock or feedstock.
  • the dimensions of these aggregates are in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the desired part is printed layer by layer, the aggregates agglomerating thanks to the binder.
  • filaments whose dimensions are in the millimeter range are produced by agglomerating the feedstock or feedstock. These filaments are then heated and the material they are made of escapes from a nozzle with a diameter of around 40 ⁇ m and allows the desired part to be printed in three dimensions.
  • the mixing between the binder and the powder can be carried out directly during additive manufacturing using the binder jetting technique which consists in projecting an ink jet containing a solvent and a binder on a powder bed formed by the powder particles resulting from the micronization treatment.
  • the binder it is chosen from the group formed by polyethylene glycol (PEG), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), nano-cellulose (nanometric derivative of cellulose), corn starch, sugar, acid polylactic (Polylactic Acid or PLA), polyethylene, polypropylene, synthetic or natural wax and stearic acid.
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • CAB cellulose acetate butyrate
  • nano-cellulose nanometric derivative of cellulose
  • corn starch sugar
  • acid polylactic (Polylactic Acid or PLA) polyethylene
  • polypropylene synthetic or natural wax and stearic acid.
  • a brown body is obtained by subjecting the green part to a step of removing the polymeric binder called a debinding step during which the green part is treated chemically, then thermally in an oven to burn the residual polymeric binder, this debinding step typically carried out in the gas phase in an atmosphere of nitric acid or oxalic acid and at a temperature between 100 ° C and 140 ° C.
  • the brown part is subjected to a sintering treatment in a protected atmosphere and at a temperature between 700 ° C and 1800 ° C in order to obtain the desired part.
  • the part thus produced is made of a precious metal boride alloy.
  • This alloy is, according to the first variant, formed of crystalline nanoparticles of MxBy where M is the precious metal distributed in an amorphous matrix of boron B.
  • the alloy enriched in precious metal comprises the crystalline nanoparticles of MxBy distributed in an amorphous matrix of boron B and precious metal boride MzBa.
  • the precious metal M is chosen from gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Rh) and iridium (lr).
  • it is chosen from gold, silver, platinum and iridium and more preferably it is gold.
  • the y / x ratio of the MxBy nanoparticles is greater than or equal to 1, more preferably, it is greater than or equal to 2. As for the a / z ratio, it is typically less than or equal to 1.
  • the light alloys of precious metals in question here are titratable, that is to say they are alloys whose ratio between the mass of the precious metal which enters into the composition of the alloy and the total mass of this alloy is determined by law.
  • a remarkable precious metal alloy obtained by the process of the invention is an alloy of 18 carat gold and boron of AuB6 composition with a density between 6.6 and 7 g / cm.
  • the gold powder used in the context of the present invention is preferably a 24 carat 1 ⁇ 2 bright yellow gold powder.
  • the piece can, in particular, be a timepiece or jewelry piece and, more precisely, a cover piece such as a caseband, a back, a bezel, a push-piece, a bracelet link, a dial, a needle, a dial index, etc.
  • a cover piece such as a caseband, a back, a bezel, a push-piece, a bracelet link, a dial, a needle, a dial index, etc.

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EP20739720.9A 2019-07-18 2020-07-17 Verfahren zur herstellung von edelmetalllegierungen und damit erhaltene edelmetalllegierungen Pending EP3833791A1 (de)

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PCT/EP2020/070283 WO2021009349A1 (fr) 2019-07-18 2020-07-17 Procede de fabrication d'alliages de metaux precieux et alliages de metaux precieux ainsi obtenus

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JPH02254101A (ja) * 1989-03-28 1990-10-12 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 合金微粉末の製造方法
JP2749863B2 (ja) * 1989-04-19 1998-05-13 田中貴金属工業株式会社 貴金属微粒子の調製方法
US6764561B1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2004-07-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Palladium-boron alloys and methods for making and using such alloys
US20060231171A1 (en) 2005-04-19 2006-10-19 Davis Samuel A Method for adding boron to metal alloys
CN101437967A (zh) * 2005-04-19 2009-05-20 斯特恩利奇公司 向金属合金中加入硼的方法
US20060260778A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Stern Leach Company, A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Method for adding boron to metal alloys
WO2009144792A1 (ja) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-03 相田化学工業株式会社 貴金属焼結用組成物、貴金属焼結体の製造方法及び貴金属焼結体
DE102009031168A1 (de) * 2009-06-29 2010-12-30 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Festigkeitserhöhung von Iridium, Rhodium und ihren Legierungen
CN102371356B (zh) * 2010-08-23 2014-12-24 清华大学 金纳米粒子的制备方法
TW201250058A (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-12-16 Target Technology International Ltd Methods of making and using palladium alloys
EP2971198B1 (de) * 2014-02-11 2016-10-05 C. Hafner GmbH + Co. KG Edelmetall-legierung zur verwendung in der schmuck- und uhrenindustrie
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US11987869B2 (en) 2024-05-21
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CN112239820A (zh) 2021-01-19
JP7252321B2 (ja) 2023-04-04
JP2021017394A (ja) 2021-02-15
KR20210010978A (ko) 2021-01-29
TW202106882A (zh) 2021-02-16
KR102494184B1 (ko) 2023-02-01
CN112771186B (zh) 2022-04-19
JP2022501496A (ja) 2022-01-06
KR20210044834A (ko) 2021-04-23
TWI750667B (zh) 2021-12-21
US20210017032A1 (en) 2021-01-21
US20210331241A1 (en) 2021-10-28
CN112771186A (zh) 2021-05-07

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