EP3832239B1 - Circular dryer - Google Patents

Circular dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3832239B1
EP3832239B1 EP20206954.8A EP20206954A EP3832239B1 EP 3832239 B1 EP3832239 B1 EP 3832239B1 EP 20206954 A EP20206954 A EP 20206954A EP 3832239 B1 EP3832239 B1 EP 3832239B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
work container
air
hot air
workpieces
container
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EP20206954.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3832239A3 (en
EP3832239A2 (en
EP3832239C0 (en
Inventor
Rüdiger Böhm
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Roesler Holding GmbH
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Roesler Holding GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/26—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a helical path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/02—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle
    • F26B15/04—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle in a horizontal plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/08—Parts thereof
    • F26B25/10—Floors, roofs, or bottoms; False bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a round dryer according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such round dryers are known from the prior art (cf. GB 715 863 A ) and cause the workpieces to rotate by vibrating the work container.
  • GB 715863 A and EP 0282937 A2 disclose various round dryers for drying workpieces.
  • Drying systems that work with hot air (working temperatures, depending on the system approx. 80-120° C and more) are known. The necessary effect can only be achieved with these systems by using considerable energy (mainly electrical current) and therefore a lot of heat and air, which results in a poor energy balance.
  • the use of dehumidified air and, on the other hand, closing the work container at its top can be sufficient to pass hot air through the work container at significantly reduced temperatures of a maximum of 75 ° C.
  • a closed circuit which feeds the air extracted from the work container to the heating device for dehumidification and heating so that it can be fed back into the work container, the energy requirement for drying can be drastically reduced (down to a third). , which simultaneously enables savings of up to 70% CO 2 compared to conventional drying applications.
  • the air circulation fan can increase the entry of air into the work container.
  • the work container can have thermal insulation, for example in the area of the peripheral wall, a lid and/or the bottom of the work container.
  • thermal insulation for example in the area of the peripheral wall, a lid and/or the bottom of the work container.
  • energy saving during drying can be significantly improved.
  • sound insulation can be achieved in this way, so that a soundproof cabin can be dispensed with.
  • the round dryer can be designed such that the outside of the working container reaches a maximum temperature of approximately 40 ° C during operation. This not only limits the heating energy required for operation but also ensures that Operating personnel cannot burn themselves when touching the work container. A protective fence or the like is therefore not necessary.
  • At least one heating air supply can be provided at the bottom of the work container. This allows the dehumidified heating air to flow through the work container from bottom to top. If two heating air supplies are provided diametrically opposite each other on the bottom of the work container, uniform air distribution is ensured.
  • At least one heating air outlet can be provided on the top of the work container, so that the dehumidified heating air can flow evenly through the work container from bottom to top and thereby heat and dry the workpieces. It can be advantageous here if the heating air supply(s) and the heating air discharge(s) are arranged offset from one another in a plan view, as this ensures that the dehumidified heating air is distributed as evenly as possible within the work container.
  • the conveying direction i.e. the direction in which the workpieces rotate helically within the working channel, and the flow direction of the heating air can run essentially transversely to one another, which ensures a uniform and good heat exchange.
  • the circulating air fan can generate an air flow that runs countercurrent to the conveying direction in order to achieve optimized drying.
  • a circulating air fan can in particular be adjustable in terms of speed, so that variable amounts of air can be introduced into the work container depending on the respective requirements.
  • a circulating air supply can be provided on a peripheral wall of the work container in order to blow circulating air into the workpiece channel.
  • the circulating air is supplied at least approximately tangentially, the injected circulating air is moved in the circumferential direction within the work container, so that it can sweep over the workpieces on the working channel which runs helically within the work container.
  • the heating air which is also introduced in the area of the container base, can be sucked in at a point where it has its highest temperature and its lowest moisture content.
  • the bottom of the working channel can be permeable to air in order to increase the drying effect.
  • the bottom of the working channel can have wire mesh or be made from wire mesh, which further promotes the drying process.
  • perforated sheets, mesh grids, expanded metal grids, structural sheets or the like can be provided.
  • the working channel can have a pre-drying zone in which a blow-off device is provided in order to blow off the workpieces with compressed air.
  • a blow-off device can advantageously be arranged when the workpieces enter the working channel, the bottom of the working channel in this area being designed to be impermeable to liquid in order to prevent the liquid from dripping onto the workpieces underneath impede.
  • it can also be advantageous to provide a separate water drainage in the bottom area of the blow-off device.
  • the working channel can have a step section, which ensures that the workpieces travel a free fall over a certain distance. This makes it possible for the workpieces to rotate or be turned, which is particularly advantageous for flat parts (e.g. coins) or for scooping parts.
  • All metals and their alloys can be used as materials for the workpieces, as can plastics, ceramics and wood. Stamped parts, cast parts, formed parts, but also additively manufactured workpieces are suitable as workpieces.
  • the drying process can be carried out without the use of desiccant (granules, textiles or the like), which means that there are no costs for procurement, replacement, disposal or maintenance.
  • desiccant granules, textiles or the like
  • the workpieces and their surroundings are also free of desiccant residues, so that no dust or air extraction is required.
  • a workpiece temperature of below approximately 45° C can be achieved after the drying process, which means that structural, structural or surface changes are excluded. There are also no changes to protective layers (corrosion protection) or optical changes in brightness and/or color.
  • the round dryer according to the invention is also particularly suitable for surface-sensitive workpieces, such as workpieces produced using additive processes.
  • the round dryer according to the invention can be provided with a control and a heating device with which the drying temperature can be variably set or regulated.
  • the dehumidified heating air can be provided by a condensate drying unit, which can in particular have a heat pump.
  • the figures show a round dryer 10 for drying workpieces, which has a basically cylindrical work container 12 in which a helically circumferential workpiece channel (not shown) is provided. Workpieces to be dried are introduced into the work container 12 or at the beginning of its workpiece channel through a workpiece inlet 14 provided on the outer wall of the work container. Due to vibration of the spring-mounted Working container 12 with the help of at least one unbalance motor, the workpieces then reach a workpiece outlet 16 on the underside of the outer wall of the working container 12.
  • the working channel itself is formed from polyurethane-coated wire mesh, which helically wraps around the inner circumference of the working container over approximately two and a half revolutions A distance of around 9.5 m runs around. It goes without saying that the length and width of the working channel as well as its coating is variable. Workpiece feeding can also take place through the top or a lid of the work container.
  • the top of the working container 12 is completely closed, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is achieved by a lid 18 which is screwed to the container wall in a heat-tight manner.
  • the lid can also be formed in one piece with the container wall.
  • the round dryer 10 shown in the figures has a heating device 20 in which heated and dehumidified air with a maximum temperature of 70 ° C is provided.
  • This dehumidified air is supplied from the heating device 20 via two air hoses 22 and 23 provided with thermal insulation and via thermally insulated pipes to a heating air supply on the floor 13 ( Fig. 3 ) of the work container 12.
  • the two heating air supply lines on the bottom 13 of the work container 12 are arranged diametrically opposite one another.
  • the supplied heated and dehumidified air flows through it in the vertical direction from bottom to top, which is facilitated by the air-permeable design of the working channel.
  • the heating air supply and the heating air outlets are arranged offset from one another when viewed in plan view and, in particular, are evenly distributed over the circumference.
  • a circulating air fan 30 which draws air from the floor 13 via an air hose 31 ( Fig. 3 ) of the work container 12 and blows it into the work container 12 in countercurrent to the conveying direction of the workpieces.
  • a circulating air supply 32 is provided on the peripheral wall of the work container 12, with which the circulating air can be blown at least approximately tangentially into the workpiece channel.
  • the circulating air supply 32 is located approximately in the middle of the work container, ie halfway up, so that warm heating air, which has been sucked in from the bottom of the work container, is introduced into the upper area of the work container in countercurrent.
  • a second closed air circuit is thus provided by the circulating air blower 30.
  • Reference numeral 36 denotes an electrical control cabinet.
  • a control for the round dryer can be provided in this control cabinet, with which, among other things, the speed of the unbalance motors can be controlled, the amplitude of the vibration of the work container can be measured and the processing of the air passed through the work container can be regulated.
  • the temperature of the workpieces in the working channel can be measured without contact and a monitoring device can be provided which outputs a signal when there are no longer any workpieces in the work container. This can prevent different batches from accidentally mixing.
  • a separating device can be provided in the area of the workpiece inlet 14 and/or in the area of the workpiece outlet 16, which prevents the escape of Heating air from the work container 12 is prevented.
  • Such a separating device can, for example, comprise a curtain or individual tabs made of plastic or rubber or the like.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rundtrockner nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a round dryer according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Rundtrockner sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt (vgl. GB 715 863 A ) und bewirken einen Umlauf der Werkstücke durch Vibrieren des Arbeitsbehälters.Such round dryers are known from the prior art (cf. GB 715 863 A ) and cause the workpieces to rotate by vibrating the work container.

GB 715863 A und EP 0282937 A2 offenbaren verschiedene Rundtrockner zum Trocknen von Werkstücken. GB 715863 A and EP 0282937 A2 disclose various round dryers for drying workpieces.

Die meisten Verfahrenstechniken im Gleitschleifen finden unter Verwendung von Prozesswasser statt, da dieses die Werkstücke vom Materialabtrag und dem Eigenabrieb der Schleifkörper reinigt. Hierdurch ist die Werkstückoberfläche nach dem Gleitschleifen nass und kann meist nicht direkt weiter verarbeitet oder zwischengelagert werden. Deshalb werden die Werkstücke anschließend getrocknet, da dies eine nasse Zwischenpassivierung einspart. Trockene Teile lassen sich direkt montieren, lagern oder in Zuführsystemen leicht bewegen. Auch aus optischer oder/und technischer Sicht kann es erforderlich sein, gleichzeitig fleckenfreie Teile zu haben.Most mass finishing techniques use process water, as this cleans the workpieces from material removal and the grinding bodies' own abrasion. As a result, the workpiece surface is wet after vibratory grinding and usually cannot be further processed or temporarily stored. The workpieces are therefore then dried as this saves the need for wet intermediate passivation. Dry parts can be assembled directly, stored or easily moved in feeding systems. From an optical and/or technical point of view, it may also be necessary to have stain-free parts at the same time.

Bekannt sind Trockensysteme, die mit Heißluft (Arbeitstemperaturen, je nach System ca. 80-120° C und mehr) arbeiten. Nur über erheblichen Energieeinsatz (überwiegend elektrischer Strom) und damit viel Wärme und Luft kann bei diesen Systemen die nötige Wirkung erreicht werden, was eine schlechte Energiebilanz zum Ergebnis hat.Drying systems that work with hot air (working temperatures, depending on the system approx. 80-120° C and more) are known. The necessary effect can only be achieved with these systems by using considerable energy (mainly electrical current) and therefore a lot of heat and air, which results in a poor energy balance.

Es ist deshalb die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Rundtrockner zu schaffen, mit dem bei zumindest gleichbleibendem Trocknungsergebnis eine deutlich verbesserte Energiebilanz erzielt werden kann.It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a round dryer with which a significantly improved energy balance can be achieved with at least the same drying result.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.This problem is solved by the features of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass einerseits die Verwendung von entfeuchteter Luft und andererseits das Verschließen des Arbeitsbehälters an seiner Oberseite ausreichen kann, um heiße Luft mit deutlich verringerten Temperaturen von maximal 75° C durch den Arbeitsbehälter hindurchzuführen. Wenn dabei ein geschlossener Kreislauf vorgesehen wird, der die aus dem Arbeitsbehälter abgesaugte Luft der Heizeinrichtung zum Entfeuchten und zum Erwärmen zuführt, damit diese wieder in den Arbeitsbehälter eingespeist werden kann, kann der für die Trocknung erforderliche Energiebedarf drastisch (bis auf ein Drittel) reduziert werden, wodurch gleichzeitig eine Einsparung von bis zu 70% CO2 gegenüber herkömmlichen Trocknungsanwendungen möglich ist. Durch das Umluftgebläse kann der Lufteintrag in den Arbeitsbehälter erhöht werden.According to the invention, it was recognized that, on the one hand, the use of dehumidified air and, on the other hand, closing the work container at its top can be sufficient to pass hot air through the work container at significantly reduced temperatures of a maximum of 75 ° C. If a closed circuit is provided which feeds the air extracted from the work container to the heating device for dehumidification and heating so that it can be fed back into the work container, the energy requirement for drying can be drastically reduced (down to a third). , which simultaneously enables savings of up to 70% CO 2 compared to conventional drying applications. The air circulation fan can increase the entry of air into the work container.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in der Beschreibung, der Zeichnung sowie den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments are described in the description, the drawing and the subclaims.

Nach einer ersten vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann der Arbeitsbehälter eine Wärmeisolation aufweisen, beispielsweise im Bereich der Umfangswand, eines Deckels und/oder des Bodens des Arbeitsbehälters. Im Zusammenhang mit der geschlossenen Ausbildung der Oberseite des Arbeitsbehälters kann die Energieeinsparung beim Trocknen deutlich verbessert werden. Gleichzeitig kann hierdurch eine Schalldämmung erzielt werden, so dass auf eine Schallschutzkabine verzichtet werden kann.According to a first advantageous embodiment, the work container can have thermal insulation, for example in the area of the peripheral wall, a lid and/or the bottom of the work container. In connection with the closed design of the top of the work container, energy saving during drying can be significantly improved. At the same time, sound insulation can be achieved in this way, so that a soundproof cabin can be dispensed with.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann der Rundtrockner so ausgebildet sein, dass die Außenseite des Arbeitsbehälters im Betrieb eine maximale Temperatur von etwa 40° C erreicht. Hierdurch ist nicht nur die zum Betrieb erforderliche Heizenergie begrenzt sondern es ist gleichzeitig dafür gesorgt, dass sich Bedienpersonal beim Berühren des Arbeitsbehälters nicht verbrennen kann. Ein Schutzzaun oder dergleichen ist somit nicht erforderlich.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the round dryer can be designed such that the outside of the working container reaches a maximum temperature of approximately 40 ° C during operation. This not only limits the heating energy required for operation but also ensures that Operating personnel cannot burn themselves when touching the work container. A protective fence or the like is therefore not necessary.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann am Boden des Arbeitsbehälters zumindest eine Heizluftzuführung vorgesehen sein. Hierdurch kann die entfeuchtete Heizluft den Arbeitsbehälter von unten nach oben durchströmen. Wenn zwei Heizluftzuführungen diametral gegenüberliegend am Boden des Arbeitsbehälters vorgesehen sind, ist für eine gleichmäßige Luftverteilung gesorgt.According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least one heating air supply can be provided at the bottom of the work container. This allows the dehumidified heating air to flow through the work container from bottom to top. If two heating air supplies are provided diametrically opposite each other on the bottom of the work container, uniform air distribution is ensured.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann an der Oberseite des Arbeitsbehälters zumindest eine Heizluftabführung vorgesehen sein, so dass die entfeuchtete Heizluft den Arbeitsbehälter gleichmäßig von unten nach oben durchströmen und dadurch die Werkstücke erwärmen und trocknen kann. Hierbei kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Heizluftzuführung(en) und die Heizluftabführung(en) in Draufsicht versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, da hierdurch für eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung der entfeuchteten Heizluft innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters gesorgt ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment, at least one heating air outlet can be provided on the top of the work container, so that the dehumidified heating air can flow evenly through the work container from bottom to top and thereby heat and dry the workpieces. It can be advantageous here if the heating air supply(s) and the heating air discharge(s) are arranged offset from one another in a plan view, as this ensures that the dehumidified heating air is distributed as evenly as possible within the work container.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform können die Förderrichtung, d.h. die Richtung in der die Werkstücke innerhalb des Arbeitskanals wendelförmig umlaufen, und die Strömungsrichtung der Heizluft im Wesentlichen quer zueinander verlaufen, was für einen gleichmäßigen und guten Wärmeaustausch sorgt.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the conveying direction, i.e. the direction in which the workpieces rotate helically within the working channel, and the flow direction of the heating air can run essentially transversely to one another, which ensures a uniform and good heat exchange.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann das Umluftgebläse einen Luftstrom erzeugen, der im Gegenstrom zur Förderrichtung verläuft, um eine optimierte Trocknung zu bewirken. Ein solches Umluftgebläse kann insbesondere in der Drehzahl regelbar sein, sodass variable Luftmengen in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Anforderung in den Arbeitsbehälter eingebracht werden können.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the circulating air fan can generate an air flow that runs countercurrent to the conveying direction in order to achieve optimized drying. Such a circulating air fan can in particular be adjustable in terms of speed, so that variable amounts of air can be introduced into the work container depending on the respective requirements.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann eine Umluftzuführung an einer Umfangswand des Arbeitsbehälters vorgesehen sein, um Umluft in den Werkstückkanal einzublasen. Insbesondere wenn die Umluftzuführung zumindest annähernd tangential erfolgt, wird die eingeblasenen Umluft innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters in Umfangsrichtung bewegt, so dass diese die Werkstücke auf dem innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters wendelförmig umlaufenden Arbeitskanal überstreichen kann.According to a further advantageous embodiment, a circulating air supply can be provided on a peripheral wall of the work container in order to blow circulating air into the workpiece channel. In particular, if the circulating air is supplied at least approximately tangentially, the injected circulating air is moved in the circumferential direction within the work container, so that it can sweep over the workpieces on the working channel which runs helically within the work container.

Sofern im Bereich des Behälterbodens eine Umluftabsaugung vorgesehen ist, kann die ebenfalls im Bereich des Behälterbodens eingebrachte Heizluft an einer Stelle angesaugt werden, an der diese ihre höchste Temperatur und ihren geringsten Feuchtigkeitsgehalt besitzt.If a circulating air extraction system is provided in the area of the container base, the heating air, which is also introduced in the area of the container base, can be sucked in at a point where it has its highest temperature and its lowest moisture content.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann der Boden des Arbeitskanals luftdurchlässig sein, um den Trocknungseffekt zu erhöhen. Insbesondere kann der Boden des Arbeitskanals Drahtgewebe aufweisen oder aus Drahtgewebe hergestellt sein, was den Trocknungsvorgang weiter begünstigt. Alternativ können Lochbleche, Maschengitter, Streckmetallgitter, Strukturbleche oder dergleichen vorgesehen werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the bottom of the working channel can be permeable to air in order to increase the drying effect. In particular, the bottom of the working channel can have wire mesh or be made from wire mesh, which further promotes the drying process. Alternatively, perforated sheets, mesh grids, expanded metal grids, structural sheets or the like can be provided.

Wenn der Boden des Arbeitskanals mit Kunststoff beschichtet ist, wird nicht nur eine schonende Behandlung der Werkstücke erreicht, sondern auch eine drastische Reduzierung des im Betrieb auftretenden Schallpegels.If the bottom of the working channel is coated with plastic, not only is gentle treatment of the workpieces achieved, but also a drastic reduction in the noise level that occurs during operation.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann der Arbeitskanal eine Vortrockenzone aufweisen, in der eine Abblaseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, um die Werkstücke mit Druckluft abzublasen. Eine solche Einrichtung kann auf vorteilhafte Weise beim Eintritt der Werkstücke in den Arbeitskanal angeordnet sein, wobei der Boden des Arbeitskanals in diesem Bereich flüssigkeitsundurchlässig ausgebildet ist, um ein Abtropfen der Flüssigkeit auf darunterliegende Werkstücke zu verhindern. In diesem Fall kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, eine separate Wasserabführung im Bodenbereich der Abblaseinrichtung vorzusehen.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the working channel can have a pre-drying zone in which a blow-off device is provided in order to blow off the workpieces with compressed air. Such a device can advantageously be arranged when the workpieces enter the working channel, the bottom of the working channel in this area being designed to be impermeable to liquid in order to prevent the liquid from dripping onto the workpieces underneath impede. In this case, it can also be advantageous to provide a separate water drainage in the bottom area of the blow-off device.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann der Arbeitskanal einen Stufenabschnitt aufweisen, mit dem erreicht wird, dass die Werkstücke über eine bestimmte Distanz einen freien Fall zurücklegen. Hierdurch besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Werkstücke sich drehen bzw. gewendet werden, was insbesondere bei flächigen Teilen (zum Beispiel Münzen) oder bei schöpfenden Teilen vorteilhaft ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the working channel can have a step section, which ensures that the workpieces travel a free fall over a certain distance. This makes it possible for the workpieces to rotate or be turned, which is particularly advantageous for flat parts (e.g. coins) or for scooping parts.

Als Werkstoffe für die Werkstücke kommen alle Metalle und deren Legierungen in Frage, ebenso Kunststoffe, Keramik oder Holz. Als Werkstücke eignen sich Stanzteile, Gussteile, Umformteile, aber auch additiv gefertigte Werkstücke.All metals and their alloys can be used as materials for the workpieces, as can plastics, ceramics and wood. Stamped parts, cast parts, formed parts, but also additively manufactured workpieces are suitable as workpieces.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Rundtrockner lässt sich der Trockenprozess ohne Trockenmitteleinsatz (Granulate, Textilien oder dergleichen) durchführen, wodurch keine Kosten für Beschaffung, Wechsel, Entsorgung oder Wartung anfallen. Neben einer uneingeschränkten Prozesswiederholbarkeit sind hierdurch auch die Werkstücke und deren Umgebung frei von Trockenmittelrückständen, so dass keine Staub- oder Luftabsaugung erforderlich ist.With the round dryer according to the invention, the drying process can be carried out without the use of desiccant (granules, textiles or the like), which means that there are no costs for procurement, replacement, disposal or maintenance. In addition to unrestricted process repeatability, the workpieces and their surroundings are also free of desiccant residues, so that no dust or air extraction is required.

Durch die vergleichsweise geringe Temperatur der eingebrachten Heizluft kann eine Werkstücktemperatur nach dem Trocknungsvorgang erreicht werden, die unterhalb von etwa 45° C liegt, wodurch Gefüge-, Struktur- oder Oberflächenveränderungen ausgeschlossen werden. Auch werden keine Veränderungen von Schutzschichten (Korrosionsschutz) oder optische Veränderungen in Helligkeit und/oder Farbe hervorgerufen. Auch eignet sich der erfindungsgemäße Rundtrockner insbesondere für oberflächenempfindliche Werkstücke wie beispielsweise in additiven Verfahren hergestellte Werkstücke.Due to the comparatively low temperature of the heating air introduced, a workpiece temperature of below approximately 45° C can be achieved after the drying process, which means that structural, structural or surface changes are excluded. There are also no changes to protective layers (corrosion protection) or optical changes in brightness and/or color. The round dryer according to the invention is also particularly suitable for surface-sensitive workpieces, such as workpieces produced using additive processes.

Aufgrund der niedrigen Trocknungstemperaturen ist eine direkte Weiterverarbeitung oder eine Verpackung der Werkstücke möglich. Gleichzeitig besteht keine Verletzungsgefahr und keine Gefährdung für Mitarbeiter, da weder die Werkstücke noch der Arbeitsbehälter eine Gefahr für Verbrennung darstellen. Schließlich ist auch eine unzulässige oder ungewünschte Beeinflussung der Umgebung durch Strahlungswärme und Luftfeuchtigkeit vermieden.Due to the low drying temperatures, direct further processing or packaging of the workpieces is possible. At the same time, there is no risk of injury and no danger to employees, as neither the workpieces nor the work container pose a risk of burns. Finally, impermissible or undesirable influences on the environment caused by radiant heat and humidity are avoided.

Der erfindungsgemäße Rundtrockner kann mit einer Steuerung und einer Heizeinrichtung versehen sein, mit denen die Trockentemperatur variabel eingestellt bzw. geregelt werden kann. Die entfeuchtete Heizluft kann durch ein Kondensat-Trocknungsaggregat bereitgestellt werden, das insbesondere eine Wärmepumpe aufweisen kann.The round dryer according to the invention can be provided with a control and a heating device with which the drying temperature can be variably set or regulated. The dehumidified heating air can be provided by a condensate drying unit, which can in particular have a heat pump.

Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
Eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Rundtrockners mit Heizeinrichtung;
Fig. 2:
eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung von Fig. 1; und
Fig. 3:
eine Seitenansicht der Anordnung von Fig. 1.
The present invention is described below purely by way of example using an advantageous embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1:
A perspective view of a round dryer with heating device;
Fig. 2:
a top view of the arrangement of Fig. 1 ; and
Fig. 3:
a side view of the arrangement of Fig. 1 .

Die Figuren zeigen einen Rundtrockner 10 zum Trocknen von Werkstücken, der einen grundsätzlich zylindrischen Arbeitsbehälter 12 aufweist, in dem ein (nicht dargestellter) wendelförmig umlaufender Werkstückkanal vorgesehen ist. Zu trocknende Werkstücke werden durch einen an der Außenwand des Arbeitsbehälters vorgesehenen Werkstückeinlass 14 in den Arbeitsbehälter 12 bzw. an den Anfang von dessen Werkstückkanal eingebracht. Durch Vibration des federnd gelagerten Arbeitsbehälters 12 mithilfe zumindest eines Unwuchtmotors gelangen die Werkstücke dann zu einem Werkstückauslass 16 an der Unterseite der Außenwand des Arbeitsbehälters 12. Der Arbeitskanal selbst ist bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus mit Polyurethan beschichtetem Drahtgeflecht gebildet, das wendelförmig den Innenumfang des Arbeitsbehälters über etwa zweieinhalb Umdrehungen über eine Strecke von etwa 9,5 m umläuft. Es versteht sich, dass jedoch die Länge und die Breite des Arbeitskanals sowie dessen Beschichtung variabel ist. Auch kann eine Werkstückzuführung durch die Oberseite bzw. einen Deckel des Arbeitsbehälters erfolgen.The figures show a round dryer 10 for drying workpieces, which has a basically cylindrical work container 12 in which a helically circumferential workpiece channel (not shown) is provided. Workpieces to be dried are introduced into the work container 12 or at the beginning of its workpiece channel through a workpiece inlet 14 provided on the outer wall of the work container. Due to vibration of the spring-mounted Working container 12 with the help of at least one unbalance motor, the workpieces then reach a workpiece outlet 16 on the underside of the outer wall of the working container 12. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the working channel itself is formed from polyurethane-coated wire mesh, which helically wraps around the inner circumference of the working container over approximately two and a half revolutions A distance of around 9.5 m runs around. It goes without saying that the length and width of the working channel as well as its coating is variable. Workpiece feeding can also take place through the top or a lid of the work container.

Wie die Figuren verdeutlichen, ist der Arbeitsbehälter 12 an seiner Oberseite vollständig geschlossen, was bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel durch einen Deckel 18 erreicht ist, der mit der Behälterwand wärmedichtend verschraubt ist. Alternativ kann der Deckel auch einstückig mit der Behälterwandung ausgebildet sein.As the figures make clear, the top of the working container 12 is completely closed, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is achieved by a lid 18 which is screwed to the container wall in a heat-tight manner. Alternatively, the lid can also be formed in one piece with the container wall.

Weiterhin weist der in den Figuren dargestellte Rundtrockner 10 eine Heizeinrichtung 20 auf, in der erwärmte und entfeuchtete Luft mit einer maximalen Temperatur von 70° C bereitgestellt wird. Diese entfeuchtete Luft wird von der Heizeinrichtung 20 über zwei mit einer Wärmedämmung versehene Luftschläuche 22 und 23 und über wärmegedämmte Rohre zu jeweils einer Heizluftzuführung am Boden 13 (Fig. 3) des Arbeitsbehälters 12 geführt. Hierbei sind die beiden Heizluftzuführungen am Boden 13 des Arbeitsbehälters 12 diametral gegenüberliegend angeordnet.Furthermore, the round dryer 10 shown in the figures has a heating device 20 in which heated and dehumidified air with a maximum temperature of 70 ° C is provided. This dehumidified air is supplied from the heating device 20 via two air hoses 22 and 23 provided with thermal insulation and via thermally insulated pipes to a heating air supply on the floor 13 ( Fig. 3 ) of the work container 12. Here, the two heating air supply lines on the bottom 13 of the work container 12 are arranged diametrically opposite one another.

Die zugeführte erwärmte und entfeuchtete Luft durchströmt nach Einbringen in den Arbeitsbehälter 12 diesen in vertikaler Richtung von unten nach oben, was durch die luftdurchlässige Ausbildung des Arbeitskanals erleichtert ist. Zur Absaugung der Heizluft, die den Arbeitsbehälter 12 durchströmt hat, sind an der Oberseite 15 des Arbeitsbehälters 12 zwei diametral gegenüberliegende Heizluftabführungen 24 und 26 vorgesehen, die wiederum über mit einer Wärmedämmung versehene Luftschläuche 28 und 29 und über wärmegedämmte Rohre mit der Heizeinrichtung 20 verbunden sind, wodurch ein geschlossener Luftkreislauf geschaffen ist. Für eine gute Durchströmung innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters 12 sind die Heizluftzuführungen und die Heizluftabführungen in Draufsicht gesehen versetzt zueinander angeordnet und insbesondere gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt.After being introduced into the working container 12, the supplied heated and dehumidified air flows through it in the vertical direction from bottom to top, which is facilitated by the air-permeable design of the working channel. To extract the heating air that has flowed through the work container 12, there are two diametrically opposed heating air outlets on the top 15 of the work container 12 24 and 26 are provided, which in turn are connected to the heating device 20 via air hoses 28 and 29 provided with thermal insulation and via thermally insulated pipes, thereby creating a closed air circuit. For a good flow within the work container 12, the heating air supply and the heating air outlets are arranged offset from one another when viewed in plan view and, in particular, are evenly distributed over the circumference.

Zur Erhöhung des Lufteintrags in den Arbeitsbehälter 12 ist bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Umluftgebläse 30 vorgesehen, das über einen Luftschlauch 31 Luft vom Boden 13 (Fig. 3) des Arbeitsbehälters 12 ansaugt und diese im Gegenstrom zur Förderrichtung der Werkstücke in den Arbeitsbehälter 12 einbläst. Hierzu ist an der Umfangswand des Arbeitsbehälters 12 eine Umluftzuführung 32 vorgesehen, mit der die Umluft zumindest annähernd tangential in den Werkstückkanal einblasbar ist. Die Umluftzuführung 32 befindet sich etwa in der Mitte des Arbeitsbehälters, d.h. auf halber Höhe, so dass warme Heizluft, die vom Boden des Arbeitsbehälters angesaugt worden ist, in den oberen Bereich des Arbeitsbehälters im Gegenstrom eingebracht wird. Durch das Umluftgebläse 30 wird somit ein zweiter geschlossener Luftkreislauf vorgesehen.To increase the entry of air into the work container 12, in the exemplary embodiment shown, a circulating air fan 30 is provided, which draws air from the floor 13 via an air hose 31 ( Fig. 3 ) of the work container 12 and blows it into the work container 12 in countercurrent to the conveying direction of the workpieces. For this purpose, a circulating air supply 32 is provided on the peripheral wall of the work container 12, with which the circulating air can be blown at least approximately tangentially into the workpiece channel. The circulating air supply 32 is located approximately in the middle of the work container, ie halfway up, so that warm heating air, which has been sucked in from the bottom of the work container, is introduced into the upper area of the work container in countercurrent. A second closed air circuit is thus provided by the circulating air blower 30.

Das Bezugszeichen 36 bezeichnet einen elektrischen Schaltschrank. In diesem Schaltschrank kann eine Steuerung für den Rundtrockner vorgesehen sein, mit der unter anderem die Drehzahl der Unwuchtmotoren gesteuert, die Amplitude der Schwingung des Arbeitsbehälters gemessen und die Aufbereitung der durch den Arbeitsbehälter hindurchgeführten Luft geregelt werden kann. Die Temperatur der Werkstücke im Arbeitskanal kann berührungslos gemessen werden und es kann eine Überwachungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die ein Signal ausgibt, wenn sich keine Werkstücke mehr in dem Arbeitsbehälter befinden. Hierdurch kann vermieden werden, dass sich unterschiedliche Chargen versehentlich vermischen. Weiterhin kann im Bereich des Werkstückeinlasses 14 und/oder im Bereich des Werkstückauslasses 16 eine Trenneinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die ein Entweichen von Heizluft aus dem Arbeitsbehälter 12 verhindert. Eine solche Trenneinrichtung kann beispielsweise einen Vorhang oder einzelne Lappen aus Kunststoff oder Gummi oder dergleichen umfassen.Reference numeral 36 denotes an electrical control cabinet. A control for the round dryer can be provided in this control cabinet, with which, among other things, the speed of the unbalance motors can be controlled, the amplitude of the vibration of the work container can be measured and the processing of the air passed through the work container can be regulated. The temperature of the workpieces in the working channel can be measured without contact and a monitoring device can be provided which outputs a signal when there are no longer any workpieces in the work container. This can prevent different batches from accidentally mixing. Furthermore, a separating device can be provided in the area of the workpiece inlet 14 and/or in the area of the workpiece outlet 16, which prevents the escape of Heating air from the work container 12 is prevented. Such a separating device can, for example, comprise a curtain or individual tabs made of plastic or rubber or the like.

Claims (13)

  1. A round dryer (10) for drying workpieces, said round dryer (10) comprising a work container (12) which is closed at its upper side and in which the workpieces pass through a helically revolving workpiece passage in a conveying direction; and a heating device (20) which sucks air out of the work container (12) and heats and dehumidifies the air,
    characterized in that
    the heating device (20) provides the heated and dehumidified air having a maximum temperature of 75°C and returns it into the work container (12), and in that at least one circulating air blower (30) is provided in addition to the heating device (20).
  2. An apparatus according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the work container (12) has a thermal insulation.
  3. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    at least one hot air supply, in particular two diametrically oppositely disposed hot air supplies, is/are provided at a base (13) of the work container (12).
  4. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    at least one hot air outlet (24, 26), in particular at least two diametrically oppositely disposed hot air outlets, is/are provided at the upper side (15) of the work container (12).
  5. An apparatus according to claim 3 and 4,
    characterized in that
    the hot air supply and the hot air outlet (24, 26) are arranged offset from one another in a plan view.
  6. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the conveying direction and the flow direction of the hot air extend transversely to one another.
  7. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the circulating air blower (30) generates an air flow which extends in counter-flow to the conveying direction.
  8. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a circulating air supply (32) is provided at a peripheral wall of the work container (12), by which circulating air supply (32) circulating air can in particular be blown at least approximately tangentially into the workpiece passage.
  9. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the base of the working passage is at least partly permeable to air and in particular has wire mesh.
  10. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the base of the working passage is coated with plastic.
  11. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the working passage has a pre-drying zone in which a blow-off device is provided.
  12. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the working passage has a step section.
  13. A method of operating a round dryer according to claim 1, wherein the round dryer is operated such that the outer side of the work container (12) reaches a maximum temperature of 40° C in operation.
EP20206954.8A 2019-11-18 2020-11-11 Circular dryer Active EP3832239B1 (en)

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DE202020005902U1 (en) 2023-02-10
EP3832239A3 (en) 2021-08-11
DE102019131105A1 (en) 2021-05-20
EP3832239A2 (en) 2021-06-09
EP3832239C0 (en) 2024-01-24
US20210148636A1 (en) 2021-05-20
US11674753B2 (en) 2023-06-13

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