EP3821408A1 - Dispositif d'accès à une infrastructure de genie civil souterraine ou de surface comportant un dispositif de detection d'intrusion - Google Patents
Dispositif d'accès à une infrastructure de genie civil souterraine ou de surface comportant un dispositif de detection d'intrusionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3821408A1 EP3821408A1 EP19752731.0A EP19752731A EP3821408A1 EP 3821408 A1 EP3821408 A1 EP 3821408A1 EP 19752731 A EP19752731 A EP 19752731A EP 3821408 A1 EP3821408 A1 EP 3821408A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- access device
- hatch
- sensor
- access
- communication module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
- G08B13/08—Mechanical actuation by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1481—Security devices, e.g. indicating unauthorised opening
Definitions
- Access device to an underground or surface civil engineering infrastructure comprising an intrusion detection device
- the present invention relates to the field of access solutions to underground and surface civil engineering infrastructures of all types. Access to infrastructure is generally via an access hatch also called an access cover or buffer.
- a hatch in particular allows access to underground and surface civil engineering infrastructure for their inspection and control.
- Civil engineering infrastructure means in particular public or private (hydraulic, electric, gas, communication, etc.) networks, with the exception of domestic applications such as housing.
- public infrastructure networks such as access networks to natural resources or public energy: water networks (in particular drinking water reservoirs or storage towers of the water tower type, networks of dedicated to rainwater and wastewater, hydrants - also called fire hydrants - and the corresponding networks), electrical energy networks, including electrical cabinets (which can be installed on the surface , or be underground, buried, or partially buried), networks for the passage of communication cables (telephone, optical fiber, etc.);
- water networks in particular drinking water reservoirs or storage towers of the water tower type, networks of dedicated to rainwater and wastewater, hydrants - also called fire hydrants - and the corresponding networks
- electrical energy networks including electrical cabinets (which can be installed on the surface , or be underground, buried, or partially buried), networks for the passage of communication cables (telephone, optical fiber, etc.);
- - private infrastructure networks water, energy, underground (cable) or aerial communication infrastructure (antenna networks for example).
- a complete access solution generally includes an access cover (hatch or buffer), a frame to which the access cover is linked and which is for example sealed in the ground or on a fixed infrastructure, and a room located under ( or behind) access cover. It is important to ensure the control of the resources distributed by these infrastructures (natural resources, energy or sources of information). This constitutes an issue of public and economic interest. For certain applications, it is important to be able to control the infrastructures at all times, that is to say ensure continuity in the availability of information concerning them.
- Access hatches are by definition an access point to an infrastructure. If interventions of control or maintenance of the infrastructure may be necessary via these access points, they nevertheless constitute weaknesses vis-à-vis the security of the infrastructures, in that they can constitute points of intrusion. For many applications, it is therefore important to be able to detect unauthorized access to infrastructures.
- intrusion is used to designate any unauthorized access, and includes in particular the breaking of an access device.
- Document US 8976038 describes a device making it possible to ensure that an access hatch, in particular a manhole cover, is in the closed position.
- the device described comprises a sensor positioned in the chamber under the hatch and adapted to perceive an acoustic signal emitted at the sensor and reflected by the hatch. When the hatch is open, the signal is not reflected and the opening of the hatch can thus be determined.
- an image sensor can capture an image of the scene, and / or the hatch opening information can be communicated over a wireless network.
- the invention tends to propose a device for accessing an underground infrastructure solving all or part of the aforementioned problem.
- the invention relates to an access device to an underground or surface civil engineering infrastructure, comprising an access hatch having a closed position in which it closes a chamber and an open position in which it gives access to said room.
- the access device comprises at least one sensor adapted to measure a quantity and to deliver a signal corresponding to the measured quantity.
- the measured quantity is representative of a mechanical or thermal action on the hatch and an analysis module configured to analyze the signal so as to detect therein information characteristic of an attempt to intrude into the chamber, and, in the event of detection of said characteristic information, generate an intrusion attempt alert.
- the access device comprises a communication module adapted to the transmission of said intrusion attempt alert.
- the analysis module detects the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt by analyzing the time course of the measured quantity.
- the processing of the signal or signals from one or more sensors makes it possible, in the invention, to detect if an intrusion attempt is in progress. This allows, thanks to the communication module, to send an alert before the intrusion into the room of the access device is effective. Measures can therefore be taken very quickly. Among these measures, the dispatch of an intervention team is possible. Various measures can also be taken at the level of the infrastructure concerned. For example, for a communication network (for example a fiber optic network), it is possible to immediately stop the exchange of information on this network. For a water network, the water circulation can be cut upstream or downstream from the access point concerned.
- a communication network for example a fiber optic network
- the water circulation can be cut upstream or downstream from the access point concerned.
- the analysis module can in particular detect the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt on the basis of a correlation of parameters of the same signal or of parameters of signals from different sensors.
- the communication module may in particular include wireless or wired communication means.
- the communication module can be of multiprotocol type.
- the access device may include a shock or vibration sensor.
- the access device may include an acoustic sensor.
- the detection of information characteristic of an intrusion attempt can be based at least in part on the frequency of shocks, vibrations, or sounds (detected by the sensor).
- the frequency can be advantageously correlated with a data of the intensity of the shocks, vibrations, or sounds, for the detection of the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt.
- the access device may include a temperature sensor or an optical sensor capable of detecting thermal radiation.
- the detection of information characteristic of an intrusion attempt can be based at least in part on a temporal change in temperature or thermal radiation.
- the access device can comprise at least one sensor for opening or closing the hatch among: a contact mechanical sensor, a sensor for the angular position of the hatch, an accelerometer, an optical sensor.
- the access device may include a battery enabling the communication module to be supplied, as a main item or in the event of a main electrical source failure.
- FIG. 1 shows an access device according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows another example of embodiment of an access device according to the invention
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a communication module that can be implemented in the invention.
- FIG. 1 represents a hatch 1 and the frame 2 to which it is linked, which are intended to close off a chamber (not shown in FIG. 1) or to allow access thereto.
- Figure 1 aims to present an example of constitution physical access device, but the invention is applicable to many other constitutions.
- the hatch 1 is shown in an open position, allowing access to the chamber via the opening 21 formed by the frame 2.
- the hatch 1 can have various constitutions.
- the hatch is made of galvanized steel.
- the hatch 1 can be of cast iron (ductile, gray), of stainless steel, of composite material.
- the hatch can thus be made of a single material, or can combine different constituent materials.
- part of the pad surface can be made of a first material and the complementary surface can be made of another material.
- the pad can combine galvanized steel with a part having a particular coating or even made of cast iron having an insert of another material.
- the hatch comprises an external rigid skin 11, for example made of galvanized steel.
- the outer skin corresponds to the visible part of the hatch 1 when the latter is in the closed position.
- the outer skin 1 1 covers or provides surface continuity with the frame 2.
- the hatch 1 may have a slight elevation relative to the frame 2, and / or have a non-planar surface which is wholly or partly in elevation relative to frame 2.
- ribs 12 form compartments 13, 13 ’.
- the ribs 12 are substantially orthogonal to the outer skin 11.
- Frame 2 can also be made of steel.
- the other aforementioned constituent materials can alternatively be used.
- the frame 2 can in particular be made of the same material as the hatch 1.
- the room can, for example, for infrastructure to be secured, be made of reinforced concrete or fiber-reinforced mortar.
- the room can be made of composite material or any other material used in the field of civil engineering.
- the hatch 1 has a seat, that is to say a contact area in the closed position, which can be simply placed on the frame 2 or be held in the frame 2.
- the hatch 1 is linked to the frame so that it can take an open position and a closed position.
- the hatch 1 can be mounted as a pivot with respect to the frame 2, by a pivot 15.
- the hatch 1 may have a simple opening, that is to say that the hatch 1 may be opened to using a simple lifting key, or it may have a more or less complex locking system (for example authorizing the opening of the hatch 1 only using a specific key).
- the locking system 16 can comprise two locking latches which can be turned so as to bear under the frame 2, preventing the hatch 1 from opening.
- the hatch 1 is equipped in the invention with a communication module 3.
- the communication module 3 may in particular include an electronic unit 31 provided with at least one antenna 32 allowing the transmission of a signal over a wireless network. Alternatively or in addition, the communication module 3 can allow wired communication.
- the communication module 3 can be arranged in a compartment 13 formed under the outer skin 1 1 by the ribs 12.
- the compartment 13 accommodating the communication module 3 is closed by an inner skin 14.
- the inner skin 14 is rigid.
- the inner skin 14 may be of inorganic or organic material (for example plastic, of composite material) which can be reinforced to resist mechanical damage (for example using cutting tools) or thermal (for example torch) . It can be metallic, for example be hot-dip galvanized steel, or stainless steel.
- the antenna 32 of the communication module 3 can be positioned in the same compartment as the rest of the communication module 3. Alternatively, the antenna can be positioned in another compartment. The positioning of the antenna is important in order to allow the transmission of waves from the plate 1.
- the antenna 32 (or one or more of the antennas of the communication module) can be placed in a different compartment than the electronic unit. 31.
- the position of the antenna is advantageously optimized so as to have the best possible transmission of electromagnetic waves through the hatch 1.
- the constraint of protection of the antenna against external stress can be taken into account.
- the configuration and the position of the antenna can in particular take into account the configuration of the ribs 12, as well as the presence on the hatch 1 of zones of less damping for the electromagnetic waves: zones of thickness thinner than the rest of the hatch 1, or made of a material different from the rest of the hatch allowing better passage of the waves, presence of a key hole in the hatch, etc.
- said communication module is configured to allow wireless communication
- said communication module is integrated (positioned) in a fixed or adjustable manner, to ensure the best signal transmission performance and consequently the lowest possible energy consumption.
- FIG. 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of an access device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates in particular another example of a physical constitution of an access device to which the invention is applicable.
- FIG. 2 represents an access hatch 1 which, unlike the hatch of the device in FIG. 1, is substantially circular.
- the frame 2 is, in correspondence, substantially circular. It gives access to a bedroom 4.
- the plug or hatch 2 is typically made of cast iron (for example ductile iron).
- Frame 2 is made in the same material.
- the hatch 1 is articulated by a pivot 15 to the frame 2.
- a locking means 16 makes it possible to block the hatch 1 in the closed position.
- Ribs 12 form compartments 13, 13 ’under the upper skin 11 of the hatch 1.
- the compartments are open, meaning that no inner skin closes them.
- the communication module is installed, fixed to the internal face of the upper skin 11 of the hatch 1.
- the communication module 3 can be fixed by conventional mechanical fixings, for example with screws . Other means of attachment, for example, by magnetic magnets can be used.
- the electronic unit 31 of the communication module and the antenna 32 are fixed in the same compartment 13.
- FIG. 3 An example of a communication module 3 which can be used in the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
- the communication module shown comprises an electronic unit 31 and an antenna 32.
- the housing 32 integrates a microprocessor 33 adapted to receive the signals coming from at least one sensor 34.
- a microprocessor 33 adapted to receive the signals coming from at least one sensor 34.
- two sensors 34 are used in the example of illustrated embodiment.
- the sensors 34 can be integrated into the electronic box 31 or are connected to said box, as in the example shown, by sensor ports 35.
- the electronic box 31 can advantageously be waterproof, even air tight. It may include a plastic or steel shell.
- the ports of the electronic unit 31, whether these are the sensor ports 35 or, as described below, the ports for connecting an electrical power source, or even for connecting an antenna, can be advantageously waterproof. Unused ports may be covered by a waterproof cap.
- each sensor 34 which is representative of a measured quantity, can be analyzed to determine whether an attempt to intrude into the chamber of the access device takes place.
- an analysis module analyzes the signal delivered by the sensor 34 to identify therein information characteristic of an attempted intrusion into the room. This information characteristic can be derived from a signal parameter, or from a correlation of parameters of the same signal or of signals from different sensors.
- the analysis module is formed by the microprocessor 33 of the electronic unit 31.
- the analysis module executes a computer program according to instructions allowing the analysis of the signal (or signals ) with a view to determining the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt.
- the analysis module can be integrated into the communication module, or separate from it, depending on the embodiment envisaged.
- the sensors 34 can be of various types, for measuring various quantities whose value and / or evolution analysis makes it possible to determine the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt.
- the sensor 34 can in particular measure a quantity representative of a mechanical or thermal action on the hatch 1.
- a first sensor 34 is a shock or vibration sensor.
- a second sensor 34 is a temperature sensor.
- the shock or vibration sensor can for example be based on an accelerometer. It makes it possible to detect a brutal mechanical stress, or of vibratory type, exerted on the hatch 1. The detection of the information characteristic of an intrusion attempt can then be based on the frequency of shocks or vibration detected. The intensity or power of one or more detected shocks can be used as a main parameter or in addition, in correlation with the frequency. This allows, for example, to detect both an attempted break-in by repeated impact on the hatch or in its immediate environment, as well as an attempted break-in by a brutal mechanical attack, for example by the explosion of an explosive charge.
- This detection function could be provided alternatively or in addition by a sound sensor, according to the same methods.
- the temperature sensor is arranged so as to measure the temperature either at the internal surface of the hatch 1, or at a given point in the chamber 3 of the access device.
- the sensor can be of various known technologies, requiring contact with the area whose temperature is measured or contactless (for example a laser sensor). It can also be an optical sensor adapted to detect thermal radiation, for example an infrared camera. A rapid rise in temperature can be the sign of an attempted intrusion by mechanical or thermal cutting (for example with a torch) of the hatch 1 or of its connection to the frame 2 of the access device.
- the sensors 34 may further comprise a sensor for the position of opening or closing the flap, for example a contact mechanical sensor, a sensor for the angular position of the flap, an accelerometer, or an optical sensor.
- a sensor for the position of opening or closing the flap for example a contact mechanical sensor, a sensor for the angular position of the flap, an accelerometer, or an optical sensor.
- Such a sensor makes it possible to detect an opening, total or partial, of the hatch. If an opening is detected following the detection of information characteristic of an intrusion attempt, this confirms the intrusion into the infrastructure by the access device in question.
- the analysis module When information characteristic of an intrusion attempt is detected, the analysis module issues an intrusion attempt alert.
- the intrusion alert is then issued by the communication module, on one or more wireless and / or wired networks.
- the communication module may include a means of encrypting the transmitted data.
- the example shown in Figure 3 is a wireless communication module.
- This communication module 3 comprises at least one radiofrequency module 37 which can transmit according to at least one wireless communication protocol.
- the communication module can also be of the multiprotocol type, that is to say adapted to transmit according to at least two wired and / or wireless communication protocols (simultaneously or alternately, for example according to the availability of the networks ).
- the protocols used can in particular be chosen from the protocols of the Internet of Things.
- the protocols that can be implemented in the invention can be categorized as follows.
- the protocols used can include one or more wired communication protocols.
- these protocols wired communication can be adapted to communication by optical fiber or cable.
- the protocols used include at least one wireless communication protocol.
- Wireless communication protocols can be short range communication protocols, and / or medium or long range communication protocols.
- Wired networks and short-range communication networks therefore mainly non-operated, that is to say independent of an antenna network deployed by an operator.
- short-range wireless communication protocols can be chosen from: NFC, RFID, Bluetooth, in particular Bluetooth Low Energy, Lifi, and Zigbee (registered trademarks).
- NFC NFC
- RFID NFC
- Bluetooth in particular Bluetooth Low Energy
- Lifi Low Energy
- Zigbee registered trademarks
- the medium or long range communications protocols can be chosen from 4G, 5G, LoRa, Sigfox, NB-loT, LTE-M, GPRS, GSM (registered trademarks).
- the use of alternative protocols of this type, known or to come, is conceivable.
- Medium and long range communication networks can be of the operated or non-operated type.
- long-distance, low-consumption transmission technologies are preferred. They can in particular use the band 868Mhz-914Mhz. In certain cases of use, short or medium distance transmission technologies can be used. These technologies can use the 433Mhz band for example.
- a relay is then provided for the transmission of data over a long distance network to allow control of the access device from a remote platform.
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- the communication module includes an electrical power source.
- This electric power source can be a battery 36, and / or a connection to an electric power network (for example a national distribution network) and / or to a local source (hydroelectric turbine, wind turbine, solar panel , etc.).
- the battery 36 can be of different types, in particular of the lithium-ion type. It guarantees sufficient autonomy for the communication module 3, for example two years under normal conditions of use.
- the battery 36 can be integrated into the electronic unit 31, or be external to this unit as in the example shown in FIG. 3.
- Other sources of energy, complementary or alternative can be used: photovoltaic cells, connection to an electrical network, etc.
- the invention developed can be part of a system for managing a fleet of access devices to one or more underground or surface civil engineering infrastructures as described above.
- the system includes devices for accessing at least one underground or surface civil engineering infrastructure, which are centrally supervised.
- the intrusion attempt alert and optionally the confirmation of an intrusion provided by a sensor for detecting the position of the hatch, are transmitted by the communication module to a server.
- This alert is passed on to an operator responsible for taking appropriate measures, or this alert is processed by an automated system which takes appropriate measures.
- each access device in the system can be associated with an identifier.
- an access device communicates with the server, it transmits its identifier to allow its identification.
- recognition algorithms can be used during the communication between the access device and the server, in order to allow respective authentication to secure the communication.
- the identification of the access device allows access to information concerning it.
- the access device can be geolocated, for example by loading position information associated with said access device during its installation. This position information (for example the latitude and longitude coordinates of the access device) can be saved in a computer memory during installation of the access device. This memory can be understood at the server S or remote from it.
- position information can be recorded in a memory located at the level of the access device (for example in the communication module 3), this position information being attached in the data transmitted by the access device.
- the invention thus developed provides a device for accessing an underground or surface civil engineering infrastructure offering means making it possible to detect an attempted intrusion into the access device, in particular an attempted break-in.
- Different intrusion modes can be taken into account by the device, depending on the sensors that are used as well as the processing of the sensor signal (s) that is carried out.
- the detection of information characteristic of an intrusion attempt possibly supplemented by the confirmation of the intrusion, makes it possible to take measures adapted to the situation as soon as possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1856353A FR3083904B1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | Dispositif d'acces a une infrastructure souterraine ou de surface a detection de tentative d'intrusion |
PCT/FR2019/051631 WO2020012090A1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2019-07-02 | Dispositif d'accès à une infrastructure de genie civil souterraine ou de surface comportant un dispositif de detection d'intrusion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3821408A1 true EP3821408A1 (fr) | 2021-05-19 |
Family
ID=65494187
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19752731.0A Pending EP3821408A1 (fr) | 2018-07-10 | 2019-07-02 | Dispositif d'accès à une infrastructure de genie civil souterraine ou de surface comportant un dispositif de detection d'intrusion |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3821408A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112771587B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3083904B1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG11202100197RA (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020012090A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5311168A (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-05-10 | Pease Industries, Inc. | Lock set with self-contained door alarm and annunciator system |
US20090058593A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2009-03-05 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Hazardous Material Transportation Monitoring Techniques |
JP2006161429A (ja) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ドアハンドル装置及びこれを備えたキーレスエントリー装置 |
US20100019902A1 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | Willis Jay Mullet | Portable security system and method |
FR2941809B1 (fr) * | 2009-02-02 | 2016-04-29 | Otonomy Aviation | Dispositif de surveillance d'un objet, tel un ouvrant d'aeronef. |
US8674830B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2014-03-18 | Mcgard Llc | Manhole security cover |
US8368552B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-02-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Manhole security device and methods thereof |
EP2836989B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-13 | 2018-12-19 | Vihtori Lehtonen | Procédé et agencement de commande pour fixer un système d'alarme |
DE102013103535A1 (de) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-09 | Efp Vertriebs- Und Servicegesellschaft Mbh | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur Überwachung von Verschlusseinrichtungen von Objektöffnung eines Objekts, insbesondere Haus, und ein entsprechendes Verfahren |
EP3028265A4 (fr) * | 2013-08-02 | 2017-06-21 | Stephen Hollis | Capteur de déplacement |
DE102013220176A1 (de) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Zustands eines zu überwachenden Objekts |
PL414637A1 (pl) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-08 | Dariusz Nachyła | Sposób monitorowania pokryw dostępu do infrastruktury podziemnej zwłaszcza żeliwnych lub żeliwno-betonowych i pokrywa do jego realizacji |
WO2017117402A2 (fr) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dispositif de détection de fenêtre à détection de déplacement |
CN106204989B (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2019-03-12 | 陕西哥莱信息科技有限公司 | 一种智能窗口入侵检测系统及方法 |
CN107862821A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-30 | 上海师范大学 | 一种周界安防系统 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-10 FR FR1856353A patent/FR3083904B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-02 EP EP19752731.0A patent/EP3821408A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-07-02 WO PCT/FR2019/051631 patent/WO2020012090A1/fr unknown
- 2019-07-02 SG SG11202100197RA patent/SG11202100197RA/en unknown
- 2019-07-02 CN CN201980046252.9A patent/CN112771587B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020012090A1 (fr) | 2020-01-16 |
FR3083904A1 (fr) | 2020-01-17 |
FR3083904B1 (fr) | 2021-04-30 |
CN112771587B (zh) | 2023-11-10 |
CN112771587A (zh) | 2021-05-07 |
SG11202100197RA (en) | 2021-02-25 |
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