Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F17/00—Fixed inductances of the signal type 
  • H01F17/04—Fixed inductances of the signal type  with magnetic core
  • H01F17/06—Fixed inductances of the signal type  with magnetic core with core substantially closed in itself, e.g. toroid

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a component forming at least two inductors.
• This component may notably, but not exclusively, belong to a static converter of electrical energy, such as a DC / DC voltage converter, the component then providing all or part of the inductances of this converter.
• the DC / DC voltage converter is for example a 12V / 48V voltage converter.
• the inductances thus obtained serve, for example, to produce an EMC filter.
• GB 2 442 090 discloses a component comprising a structure made of a magnetically conductive material on which several electrical wires are wound so as to form one or more inductors.
• the invention aims to meet this need and it achieves, in one of its aspects, using a component forming at least two inductance, this component comprising:
• a structure made of a magnetically conductive material comprising: a base, a cover, at least a first leg extending continuously between the base and the cover, and at least two second legs, each second leg extending between the base and the cover so that a magnetic flux flowing between the base and the cover via this second leg passes through at least one gap, and
• an electrically conductive element in particular a ribbon, defining an electrical input for the component and an electrical output for the component
• each inductor having a magnetic flux flowing between the base and the cover:
• the magnetic flux associated with each inductor flows in a first leg which extends continuously between the cover and the base, so that no air gap exists between the cover and the base for this circulation of the magnetic flux. via the first leg.
• This first leg can be dedicated to a respective inductance or common to both inductances.
• the circulation of this magnetic flux between the cover and the base via the second dedicated leg involves the crossing of at least one gap. The presence of the gap allows the storage of magnetic energy.
• the second legs differing from one inductor to another and one air gap is thus dedicated to an inductor, it promotes the decoupling between these two inductances since these gaps serve to store the magnetic energy of the inductor.
• the inductances can be defined successively in the component.
• an air gap is not necessarily a vacuum filled with air.
• An area wholly or partly occupied by a material whose magnetic permeability is lower than that of the structure of magnetically conductive material also defines a gap.
• the value of the inductance can be arbitrary, being for example between 50 nH and 500 m / l.
• the magnetic structure is for example made of ferrite, iron powder or nanocrystalline. This structure can be one-piece or consist of several separate parts, the latter then being rigidly fixed to each other, or not.
• the electrically conductive element may have a flattened shape, being a then a ribbon also called "leadframe" in English.
• This ribbon is for example made of copper.
• the electrical input for the component is for example connected to a voltage source, for example a voltage source 48 V, and the electrical output for the component is for example connected to consumers of the voltage network or to the switching cells.
• a static converter such as a DC / DC voltage converter.
• the electrically conductive tape is for example different from a wound wire
• the component is for example implanted on a printed circuit board.
• the component extends for example on either side of this printed circuit board, the base of the component then being located on one side of this printed circuit board, while the component cover is located on the other side side of this circuit board.
• the first leg can be made in one piece with at least one of the base and the lid.
• the first leg may be devoid of internal cavity. No gap exists then within this first leg.
• the electrical input for the component and the electrical output for the component may be formed by two respective portions of the electrically conductive element, including mban, which extend parallel to each other.
• the base and the cover may belong to separate parts, not both belonging to the same one-piece part.
• the electrically conductive element in particular the ribbon, extends rectilinearly and the structure comprises at least two first legs, the magnetic flux associated with each inductance circulating between the base and the lid:
• each inductor thus has: a first dedicated leg and a second dedicated leg.
• the inverted position of the first and second legs relative to the electrically conductive element between two consecutive inductors allows the cover to be mounted stably on these legs.
• All the first legs can have the same shape and the same size according to this first mode, and all the second legs can also have the same shape and the same dimension according to this first mode. It is thus possible to obtain different inductances of the same value.
• Three or four inductors are for example formed by the component.
• the electrically conductive element in particular the mban, extends so as to provide at least one return, two consecutive portions of the return of the element. electrically conductive being separated by a first leg, this first leg being traversed by the magnetic flux associated with each of the two inductors.
• two inductors, in particular consecutive, thus share the same first leg.
• a round trip of the electrically conductive element can define two consecutive portions separated by a first j ambe and framed by two second legs, in which case this round-trip portion defines successively two inductors , the flux associated with the first inductance flowing between the base and the cover, in the first leg and in one of the two second legs dedicated to this first inductor, and the flux associated with the second inductor flowing between the base and the cover, in the first leg and in the other of the two second legs dedicated to this second inductor.
• the electrically conductive element can provide several round trips, portions of this element back and forth can be separated by a first leg and portions of this element back and forth can be separated through a second leg.
• the separation distance between two round-trip portions defined by the presence of a second leg may be greater, for example to be double, the separation distance between two round-trip portions defined by the presence of a first leg.
• the second legs define a peripheral wall of the component, so that the base, the cover and this peripheral wall together define a housing of the component, the structure comprises a single first leg and, the magnetic flux associated with each inductor flows between the base and the cover:
• the first leg is traversed by the flow associated with each inductor, this first leg being shared by the inductors. This first leg being devoid of air gap, thus ensures a decoupling of these different inductances.
• the first leg may define a central beam around which is disposed the electrically conductive element, including the mban. The first leg is then exclusively inside the case.
• the first leg may define an inner wall to the housing, delimiting for example two separate compartments in this housing.
• the ends of this first leg may or may not flush in this variant the periphery of the housing.
• the peripheral wall can be made in one piece with at least one of the base and the lid.
• the attachment between the latter elements can be effected via glue.
• each gap can be formed by a vacuum between the peripheral wall and the housing cover.
• This vacuum may, in all or part, be occupied by the aforementioned adhesive which serves to fix the peripheral wall on one of the base and the cover.
• the aforementioned vacuum can be obtained in two ways, for example:
• the cover has, in a first manner, a face facing the plane peripheral wall, and the first leg extends in the direction of the lid on a dimension greater than that on which the peripheral wall extends in the direction of the lid, so as to spare the air gap by this difference in size,
• the cover has, in a second manner, a face facing the peripheral wall with a flat peripheral zone and a central zone projecting towards the first leg, the wall; peripheral and the first leg extending in the same dimension towards the cover, so as to spare the air gap by the absence of projection at the peripheral zone of the face of the cover.
• At least one cavity may be formed in the peripheral wall, so as to define two second legs together.
• N cavities are for example formed in the peripheral wall, so as to define N + 1 second legs. All the second legs can have the same shape and dimensions.
• Each inductor can then have the same value, according to this third example of implementation.
• an outgrowth of the electrically conductive element, in particular mban may extend into this cavity, this protrusion being able to be connected to a capacitor to form an LC filter.
• the connection of the protrusion to the capacitor is then performed outside the housing.
• the capacitance of the capacitor is for example between lnF and lOOmF.
• the inductances may be connected in series and each protrusion may correspond to a zone of the electrically conductive element, in particular mban, arranged between two inductors connected in series.
• each When several cavities are present, each may be occupied by a protrusion of the electrically conductive element, in particular mban, and each of these excrescences is then connected to a capacitor to form an LC filter.
• Another capacitor may be electrically connected to the electrical input for the component and / or another capacitor may be electrically connected to the electrical output for the component.
• Each capacitor is thus on the one hand connected to the electrically connector element, and on the other hand to ground.
• Each cavity in the peripheral wall can communicate with:
• a vacuum can be formed between each second leg and one of the cover and the base, this vacuum being possibly occupied in whole or in part by glue for fixing between these elements, and
• the electrically conductive element in particular the ribbon, may comprise excrescences each capable of being connected to a capacitor to form an LC filter.
• the base and the cover may have the same shape, in particular polygonal, and the ratio between the height of the component and the square root of the area of the base may be less than 1, especially less than 0, 5.
• the second legs can all, or at least part of them, be positioned on the vertices of the polygons.
• the electrical input for the component and the electrical output for the component can be arranged on the same side of this polygon and the first leg can include an extension, forming in particular a zone thinned of the said first leg.
• This extension can extend continuously or not between the base and the cover, so as to form a magnetic screen between the electrical input and the electrical output for the component.
• the electrically conductive element in particular the mban, can extend exclusively inside the component, that is to say according to the third example of implementation exclusively inside the housing , between the electrical input for the component and the electrical output for the component. For example, it is possible to generate magnetic fluxes of the same direction in the same first leg.
• the electrically conductive element in particular the mban, may comprise at least two half-waves of portion extending inside the component, in particular the housing, and portion extending to the external component, including the housing. These alternations can allow magnetic fluxes of different directions to be generated in the same first leg.
• the electrically conductive element especially the mban
• the structure can cooperate to form exactly four inductors.
• the component can make it possible to obtain a filter of order 8.
• the invention is however not limited to a precise number of inductors formed by the component, any value between 2 and 10 being possible in particular.
• the base and the cover of the structure can each have a rectangular, square or triangular section.
• the inductances formed by the component may or may not be connected in series.
• the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, a static converter of electrical energy, comprising the component as defined above.
• the converter can be a voltage converter. This is for example a DC / DC voltage converter, allowing for example:
• the switching frequency of this converter may be greater than 1 kHz, being for example between 1 and 100 kHz, being in particular of the order of 20 kHz.
• this converter may be part of an electrical circuit having: a 48 V part for electrical exchange with a 48 V alternator-starter and a 12 V part for the supply of consumers of the on-board vehicle network.
• this converter may be part of an electrical circuit for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical energy storage unit and a hybrid vehicle electric motor or electric, or be part of an electrical circuit for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical network external to the vehicle and an electrical energy storage unit on board the vehicle.
• the static converter may be an inverter.
• the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to an electric circuit for a hybrid or electric vehicle, comprising:
• an electronic card in particular a printed circuit board, defining a plane, the structure of the aforementioned component being disposed on either side of the plane of this card so that the base of this structure is on one side of this plane and that the cover of this structure is on the other side of this plane.
• Housing exist for example in the card, in particular in the printed circuit board, to allow the passage of this card through the structure, for example by the peripheral wall of this structure according to the third implementation example mentioned above.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a component according to a first exemplary implementation of the invention
• FIGS. 2 to 5 schematically represent different component variants according to a second example of implementation of the invention
• FIGS. 6 to 11 diagrammatically represent different variants of components according to a third example of implementation of the invention.
• FIGS. 12 and 14 to 16 show a concrete embodiment of the component according to FIG. 8
• FIG. 13 represents another concrete embodiment of the component according to FIG. 8,
• FIG. 17 is a model of the electric circuit equivalent to the component of FIGS. 12 to 16, and
• Figure 18 shows an example of assembly of the component according to Figures 12 to 16 on a printed circuit board.
• FIG. 1 shows a component 1 according to a first example of implementation of the invention.
• This component 1 here forms a plurality of inductors intended to form part of an EMC filter for DC / DC voltage converter 12 V / 48 V.
• This component 1 comprises:
• an electrically conductive element 3 which is here an electrically conductive tape 3, and which defines an electrical input 4 and an electrical output 5 for the component 1.
• an electrically conductive element are possible, for example a section conductor circular.
• the electrical input 4 is for example intended to be electrically connected to an electrical energy storage source of nominal voltage 48 V and the electrical output 5 is intended to be electrically connected to the switching cells of the converter. DC / DC voltage 12V / 48V.
• the electrically conductive strip 3 has a flattened shape, being different from a wound electrical wire.
• This electrically conductive tape 3 is for example made of copper.
• the structure 2 is for example made of ferrite.
• the structure is formed by several separate pieces assembled together.
• the structure 2 is thus formed by:
• At least one first leg 9 extending continuously between the base 7 and the cover 8, so that a magnetic flux flowing between the base 7 and the cover 8 via this first leg 9 does not pass through any gap
• Each second leg 10 extending between the base 7 and the cover 8 so that a magnetic flux flowing between the base 7 and the cover 8 via the second leg 10 passes through at least one gap.
• Each second leg 10 is here dedicated to an inductor.
• the base 7 and the cover 8 each have a planar surface defining an end surface for the component 1. These end surfaces may be parallel and have the same shape and size.
• the ratio between the height of component 1, that is the distance between these two end surfaces, and the square root of the area of one of these end surfaces for the component 1 may be between 0.5 and 1.
• the component 1 thus has a flattened shape.
• the electrically conductive strip 3 extends rectilinearly within the structure 2 between its electrical inlet 4 and its electrical outlet 5.
• the structure has three first legs 9 and three second legs 10 and that the cooperation between this ribbon 3 and this structure 2 here defines three successive inductances 12.
• the flux associated with each inductor flows between the base 7 and the cover 8 on the one hand via a first leg 9 dedicated to this inductor, and on the other hand via a second leg 10 dedicated to this inductor.
• No leg 9 or 10 is thus shared by several inductors according to this first example of implementation.
• each first leg 9 is for example made integrally with the base 7 and each second leg 10 is for example made integrally with the base 7.
• Each existing gap at a second level. leg 10 can come from the gap between the end of the second leg facing the cover 8 and the lid 8.
• This vacuum is for example due to the fact that the distance on which extends a first leg 9 from the base 7 to the cover 8 is greater than the corresponding distance for the second legs 10.
• this gap is due to the fact that the surface of the cover 8 has a face facing the base 7 with projections at the first legs 9 coming from in contact with these first legs 9, while these protrusions are absent at the level of the second legs 10.
• this void may be occupied by material, for example glue per second. putting the attachment of the second leg 10 to the lid 8.
• the first leg 9 is situated on the right side of the electrically conductive strip 3 when it is circulated along this strip towards the electrical outlet 5 and the second leg 10 is located on the left of the electrically conductive tape 3, while
• the first leg 9 is located on the left of the electrically conductive mban 3 when it is circulated along this ribbon towards the electrical outlet 5 and the second leg 10 is located on the right electrically conductive tape 3.
• the electrically conductive strip 3 no longer extends rectilinearly inside the component 1.
• This ribbon 3 extends according to FIGS. 2 to 5 so as to provide several round trips, and the structure 2 comprises a plurality of first legs 9 and second legs 10.
• the ribbon defines a round-trip, two consecutive portions 20 and 21 of a round-trip of the ribbon 3 being separated by a first leg 9.
• Two successive inductances 12 are thus defined by the cooperation between the ribbon 3 and the structure 2, namely:
• a second inductor 12 at the portion 21 of the ribbon and having an associated magnetic flux which circulates between the base 7 and the cover 8: in the first leg 9, and in the second leg 10 which encloses this portion 21 with the first leg 9.
• the ribbon 2 defines three round trips, so that the cooperation between the mban 3 and the structure 2 defines four inductances.
• consecutive consecutive round-trip portions separated by a first leg 9, such consecutive round-trip portions corresponding to two inductors and
• several second legs 10 are always provided, and these second legs define a peripheral wall.
• the base 7, the cover 8 and this peripheral wall thus define a housing.
• the first leg 9 is unique and is traversed by the magnetic flux associated with each inductor 12. This path of the first leg 9 by each magnetic flux thus constitutes a magnetic path without gap between the base 7 and the cover 8, which ensures a decoupling of the different inductances 12 between them.
• the flux associated with an inductor circulates, according to this third example of implementation: through the first leg 9 which is shared with all the other inductors 12 defined by the component 1, and through the second leg 10 which is dedicated to this inductance.
• the first leg 9 is a central beam which is substantially disposed at the center of the surfaces facing the base 7 and the cover 8.
• the facing surfaces of the base 7 and the cover 8 can have a triangular shape and that all the second legs 10 of the structure 2 can be positioned respectively at an apex of this triangle.
• Three inductances are defined in the cases of Figures 6 and 7.
• the facing surfaces of the base 7 and the cover 8 may alternatively have a square shape. Again, all the second legs 10 of the structure 2 can be positioned respectively at an apex of this square. Four inductances are defined in the cases of Figures 8 and 9.
• the shape of these surfaces facing the base 7 and the cover 8 is not limited to a triangle or a square, which may be other, for example rectangular as shown in Figures 10 and 11, or other, not necessarily polygonal .
• first leg 9 of the component may be other than a central beam.
• first leg defines an inner wall that may or may not extend all along the surfaces facing the base 7 and the cover 8, so as to define compartments in the housing.
• Six inductances 12 are defined by the cooperation between the ribbon 3 and the structure 2 in the case of FIGS. 10 and 11.
• the ribbon 3 does not necessarily extend exclusively inside the housing between the electrical input 4 of the component 1 and its electrical output 5.
• this ribbon 3 extends exclusively inside the casing in the cases of FIGS. 6, 8 and 10, this ribbon 3 comprises portion alternations exclusively inside the casing and portion exclusively outside. of the case in the cases of FIGS. 7, 9 and 11.
• FIGS. 12 to 18 of concrete examples of embodiment of a component 1 according to FIG.
• This component 1 thus comprises a structure 2 defining a housing having:
• a base 7 made of ferrite and having a square surface, whose side measures for example 24 mm,
• the base 7 and each second leg 10 of the housing are made integrally, while the cover 8 is a separate piece, assembled on the peripheral wall.
• the peripheral wall of the housing comprises four second legs 10 which are delimited between them by cavities 30 formed along the entire height of this peripheral wall in the example described.
• each cavity 30 communicates with an associated cavity 31 formed in the base 7 and extending the cavity 30 at the base.
• each cavity 30 also communicates with an associated cavity 32 formed in the cover 8 and extending the cavity 30 at the cover.
• the central beam forming the first leg 9 may have, in a section parallel to the facing surfaces of the base 7 and the cover 8, substantially a square shape, with the exception of one extension 35 disposed between the portions of the mban 3 defining the electrical input 4 for the component 1 and the electrical output for this component 1.
• This extension 35 can extend continuously from the base 7 to the cover 8 and then constitute a magnetic screen for the electrical input 4 vis-à-vis the magnetic output 5.
• the electrically conductive strip 3 has inside the housing a succession of rectilinear portions extending around the first leg 9.
• inductors 12 are formed by the component 1, thanks to the cooperation between the electrically conductive mban 3 and the structure in magnetically conductive material 2.
• the flux associated with an inductor 12 flows between the base 7 and the cover 8:
• This vacuum can be obtained in two ways, for example:
• the cover 8 has a face facing the flat peripheral wall, and the first leg 9 extends towards the surface of the cover 8 on a dimension greater than that on which extends the peripheral wall in the direction of the cover, so as to spare the air gap by this difference in size, or
• the cover 8 has a face facing the peripheral wall with a flat peripheral zone and a central zone projecting towards the first leg 9 with respect to the plane peripheral zone, the peripheral wall and the first leg 9 extending according to the same dimension in the direction of the cover, so as to spare the gap by the absence of projection at the peripheral zone of this face of the cover.
• the ribbon 3 may, in addition to the portions extending around the first leg 9, comprise protrusions 40 extending outwardly of the housing, through the peripheral wall.
• Each protrusion 40 for example passes through a cavity 30 beyond which it extends to be electrically connected to a capacitor 41.
• capacitors 41 being shown very schematically in FIG. 16. It can be seen that two additional capacitors 41 are provided, one being connected to the electrical input 4 for the component and the other being connected to the electrical output 5 for the component.
• FIG. 17 represents the equivalent electrical circuit of the component of FIG. 16, considering the electrical tape 3 between the electrical input 4 for the component 1 and the electrical output 5 for the component 1. It can be seen that this component can enable the obtaining an LC filter of order 8, the inductances 12 being provided by the cooperation between the ribbon 3 and the structure 2, and the capacitors 41 being connected between the mban 3 and the mass.
• the component 1 which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17 is for example assembled on a printed circuit board 50, the structure 2 of the component being disposed on either side of the plane defined by this printed circuit board. 50, as will now be described in the particular case of the housing of Figures 12 to 17.
• Housing 45 is provided in this printed circuit board, so that each second leg 10 and the first leg 9 can pass through this printed circuit board 50. These second legs 10 and the first leg 9 are then introduced through these housings 45 so that the base 7 integral with these legs 9 and 10 is arranged on one side of this printed circuit board 50.
• the ribbon 3 can be fixed, in particular by brazing, on the face of this printed circuit board 50 defining this side.
• the cover 8 is then assembled on the first leg 9 and on the second legs 10 from the other side of the printed circuit board 50.
• the assembly of the cover 8 on the peripheral wall is obtained for example by means of glue 52, for example an "eccobond D125F" type glue which is applied to the ends of these second legs 10 facing the cover 8.
• glue 52 for example an "eccobond D125F" type glue which is applied to the ends of these second legs 10 facing the cover 8.
• the vacuum mentioned above to define the air gaps is occupied in whole or in part by the glue.
• one possible application of the invention is the use to provide an EMC filter for a DC / DC voltage converter 12 V / 48 V.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63491656

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2018
  • 2018-06-08 FR FR1854988A patent/FR3082351B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-05-29 EP EP19726453.4A patent/EP3803920A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-05-29 WO PCT/EP2019/064092 patent/WO2019233880A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-05-29 CN CN201980038560.7A patent/CN112262447B/zh active Active

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