EP3798739A1 - Uhrkomponente - Google Patents

Uhrkomponente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3798739A1
EP3798739A1 EP19199142.1A EP19199142A EP3798739A1 EP 3798739 A1 EP3798739 A1 EP 3798739A1 EP 19199142 A EP19199142 A EP 19199142A EP 3798739 A1 EP3798739 A1 EP 3798739A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
equal
elastic material
layer
layers
watch component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19199142.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Denis FAVEZ
Stefano Hénin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolex SA
Original Assignee
Rolex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolex SA filed Critical Rolex SA
Priority to EP19199142.1A priority Critical patent/EP3798739A1/de
Priority to JP2020157686A priority patent/JP2021063798A/ja
Priority to US17/026,330 priority patent/US20210088972A1/en
Priority to CN202011018049.1A priority patent/CN112631104A/zh
Publication of EP3798739A1 publication Critical patent/EP3798739A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00Escapements
    • G04B15/14Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • G04B13/02Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • G04B13/02Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/066Manufacture of the spiral spring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/08Component parts or constructional details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/04Hands; Discs with a single mark or the like
    • G04B19/042Construction and manufacture of the hands; arrangements for increasing reading accuracy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00Frameworks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00Frameworks
    • G04B29/02Plates; Bridges; Cocks
    • G04B29/027Materials and manufacturing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B29/00Frameworks
    • G04B29/04Connecting or supporting parts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B3/00Normal winding of clockworks by hand or mechanically; Winding up several mainsprings or driving weights simultaneously
    • G04B3/04Rigidly-mounted keys, knobs or crowns
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a watch component made from a fragile material, in particular silicon. It also relates to a horological movement and a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, comprising at least one such horological component.
  • Silicon is a material with multiple advantages for the manufacture of watch components. On the one hand, it allows the simultaneous manufacture of a large number of small parts, with micrometric precision. On the other hand, it has a low density and a diamagnetic character. However, this material has a drawback: it has little or no plastic deformation range, which makes it a relatively fragile material. Mechanical stress or shock can lead to component breakage. This fragility of watch components made of silicon is accentuated by their cutting in a silicon substrate, generally carried out by a deep etching technique, for example by deep ionic reactive etching DRIE (standing for “Deep Reactive Ion Etching”).
  • DRIE deep ionic reactive etching
  • etching forms openings having slightly wrinkled sides which have flatness defects on the surface in the form of wavelets (in English “scalloping”). This results in a certain roughness of the etched sides which weakens the mechanical strength of the component.
  • flatness defects can generate crack initiation, in particular in the event of mechanical stress, and lead to component breakage. In the event of a breakage of a silicon watch component within a watch movement, the result is not only that the watch movement no longer works, but that there is also a large number of silicon debris scattered within the watch movement. watch movement, coming from the broken watch component.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a timepiece component which does not understand the drawbacks of the state of the art.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a watch component which does not produce a multitude of scattered debris in the event of breakage.
  • the invention is based on a watch component based on a fragile material characterized in that it comprises at least a surface portion of fragile material covered by a coating comprising at least two layers of elastic material separated by a CR layer in material more resistant than elastic material.
  • the invention is particularly interested in watch components based on fragile materials, that is to say capable of breaking by generating several debris which dissociate from the watch component and scatter in a movement. watchmaker.
  • brittle material we therefore mean a non-ductile material which breaks without prior and persistent plastic deformation.
  • These materials are preferably micro-machinable, that is to say obtained from micro-fabrication techniques involving photolithography.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for silicon, in any form, for example including doped or porous silicon, but could alternatively also be suitable for other materials such as for example diamond, quartz, glass, silicon carbide. , ceramic based on alumina or zirconia, fragile amorphous metals or sapphire.
  • Such a watch component can be fully or almost fully formed in said fragile or brittle material, disregarding its thin coating which will be described below.
  • a watch component could be based on such a material, that is to say comprise by weight at least 51% of such a material, or even at least 80% of such a material. It can therefore be a hybrid material which has a fragile or brittle effect.
  • fragment material improperly to designate the entire core of the watch component, including the parts of said core possibly not directly in the fragile material at the base of the watch component.
  • the concept of the invention consists in covering at least part of the surface of the watch component, preferably the surface of the area most stressed in traction of the watch component, with the aid of a multilayer coating comprising at least two layers. made of elastic material separated by a layer of material more resistant than the elastic material.
  • a coating forms a protective layer of the watch component to prevent the scattering of debris in the event of the component breaking by keeping the different pieces together.
  • a coating extending over substantially the entire periphery of the watch component or over the areas which will be stressed by deformation, it is considered that such a coating forms an encapsulation of the watch component.
  • the figure 1 schematically illustrates a horological component 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • This timepiece component 1 comprises a main volume or core 2 made of silicon, originating for example from a step of cutting a silicon wafer. It further comprises a coating 10 which extends over the entirety of its outer surface, over its entire periphery, more particularly around the periphery of its core 2.
  • this surface outer is formed by a cutout of a wafer, and mainly has three surfaces.
  • a first surface 3 is substantially planar and corresponds to the upper face of the cut wafer, a second opposite surface 4, substantially planar and parallel to the first surface 3, corresponds to the lower face of the cut wafer.
  • a third surface 5 forms a flank, which continuously connects the two aforementioned surfaces 3, 4.
  • the coating 10 is a multilayer coating, which comprises a first CE layer, in contact with the silicon core 2 of the watch component 1, in an elastic material 11. It comprises a third outer CE layer in the same elastic material 11. These two layers are separated by a second CR layer made of more resistant material 12.
  • the CE layers are made of parylene and the CR layer is made of aluminum oxide deposited by ALD.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment, which differs from the first in that the intermediate CR layer of the coating of more resistant material 12, of silicon oxide, has a variable thickness at the sidewall 5.
  • This intermediate layer also has a constant thickness at the level of the first and second surfaces 3, 4, this thickness being greater at the level of the first surface 3 than of the second surface 4.
  • the two layers CE of elastic material 11 complete this intermediate layer to form a overall coating of constant thickness.
  • the CE layers are made of parylene and the CR layer is made of silicon oxide deposited by PVD.
  • the thickness of the coating 10 is not to scale, it is greatly increased in order to better visualize this coating, which is in reality very thin. Its thickness E is liable to vary within a certain range.
  • the coating 10 comprises at least one CE layer of elastic material 11 with a thickness greater than or equal to 0.05 ⁇ m, or even greater than or equal to 0.3 ⁇ m.
  • the coating 10 also advantageously comprises at least one CE layer of elastic material 11 with a thickness less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m, or even less than or equal to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the various CE layers of elastic material of the coating 10 is advantageously greater than or equal to 0.1 ⁇ m, or even 0.6 ⁇ m, and / or less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m, or even less than or equal to 12 ⁇ m.
  • the different layers CE of elastic material 11 may or may not have the same thickness. This thickness may or may not be variable.
  • a CR layer of more resistant material 12 of the coating 10 has a thickness greater than or equal to 15 nm, or even greater than or equal to 30 nm.
  • the coating 10 also advantageously comprises a layer of more resistant material 12 with a thickness less than or equal to 150 nm or even less than or equal to 100 nm, or even less than or equal to 70 nm.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the different CR layers of more resistant material 12 is greater than or equal to 15 nm, or even greater than or equal to 30 nm, and / or is less than or equal to 450 nm, or even less than or equal to 300 nm, or even less than or equal to 210 nm.
  • the materials of the coating 10 may be different from those used in the embodiments described.
  • the elastic material 11 has a modulus of elasticity less than or equal to 10 GPa, or even less than or equal to 5 GPa, or even less than or equal to 3 GPa.
  • the elastic material 11 exhibits an elongation at break greater than or equal to 10%, or even greater than or equal to 20%, or even greater than or equal to 30%.
  • This elastic material 11 can therefore be parylene, or as a variant a PTFE, an acrylic resin, silicone or a polymer of the urethane family.
  • Different layers of elastic material 11 of the same coating 10 may be of the same elastic material or of a different elastic material.
  • the more resistant material 12 is said to be “more resistant” in comparison with the resistance of the so-called “elastic” material. It has a modulus of elasticity greater than or equal to 30 GPa, or even greater than or equal to 45 GPa, or even greater than or equal to 60 GPa. As a variant, it has a modulus of elasticity intermediate between that of the fragile material of the heart of the watch component and that of the elastic material of the elastic layer. It advantageously has a modulus of elasticity greater than or equal to that of an adjacent layer of elastic material 11 increased by 50%.
  • This more resistant material 12 can be a metal or an alloy or graphite or an oxide, more particularly silicon oxide or silicon nitride. Different layers of stronger material 12 of the same coating 10 may be of the same material or of a different material.
  • the coating 10 can comprise any other number of layers than the three layers shown. It may for example comprise at least two, or even at least three, or four, layers of elastic material 11 and at least one, or even at least two, or three, layers of more resistant material 12. In order to limit the influence thereof. on the dimensions and behavior of the component, it advantageously comprises at most four layers of elastic material 11 and at most three layers of more resistant material 12, but could include more. It advantageously comprises an alternation of layers of elastic material 11 and layers of more resistant material 12. It furthermore advantageously comprises a first inner layer of elastic material 11 and a last outer layer of elastic material 11.
  • the adjectives “Inside” and “outside” are used in reference to any direction going from the core 2 of the watch component 1 to the outside of the watch component 1.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for a horological component 1 chosen from among a toothed wheel, an escape wheel, a needle, a plate pin, an anchor, a lever, a lift, a flat spring, such as a hairspring, a system. flexible blade or other spring function component.
  • a horological component 1 chosen from among a toothed wheel, an escape wheel, a needle, a plate pin, an anchor, a lever, a lift, a flat spring, such as a hairspring, a system. flexible blade or other spring function component.
  • the figures 3 and 4 illustrate the particular effect of a layer of elastic material 11 on a watch component 1 in silicon.
  • the figure 3 illustrates the rupture of a silicon test piece covered by a coating according to the second embodiment as illustrated by figure 2 .
  • the figure 4 illustrates in comparison the rupture of the same test piece of oxidized silicon without coating.
  • a multitude of debris 22 are scattered.
  • the same specimen covered with a layer according to the second embodiment makes it possible to prevent this scattering of debris, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • a first advantage of using several layers of parylene is to make its effect more reliable: if one layer is damaged, a priori an effect guaranteed by another layer remains.
  • at least one layer of parylene is not in direct contact with the outside, and is protected from possible external attacks by at least one more rigid layer of the coating.
  • Comparative bending tests were carried out on silicon test pieces obtained by DRIE cutting in a silicon wafer, according to methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the same treatments on the same specimen lead to different results from one watchmaking component to another identical one subject to the same constraints a priori. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out tests on batches of identical test pieces, then to carry out a statistical analysis to observe or not an effect.
  • the first two batches OXY1 and OXY3 relate to 30 samples of oxidized silicon, comprising a layer of silicon oxide on the surface of respective thicknesses of 1 ⁇ m and 3 ⁇ m.
  • the average value of the flexural strength of these two batches is around 2000 MPa.
  • all these test pieces generate multiple scattered debris.
  • the following two batches correspond to test pieces similar to batch OXY3 but covered with a coating of pure, monolayer and uniform parylene, with respective thicknesses of 0.5 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m.
  • a coating of elastic material not very resistant, makes it possible to significantly increase the breaking strength of the test pieces. Indeed, the average resistance is of the order of 5000 MPa.
  • the fifth batch corresponds to silicon test pieces covered with a metallic coating, comprising a titanium bonding layer 15 nm thick and an 80 nm gold layer.
  • This tough coating achieves a slight increase in average strength compared to that of the first two batches, but significantly lower than the two batches using a parylene coating. On the other hand, such a coating does not retain the debris during the rupture of the test pieces.
  • the last batch corresponds to the second embodiment of the invention, comprising a coating consisting of alternations of four layers of parylene of approximately 1 ⁇ m, and three intermediate layers of silicon oxide with a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m. , for a total coating thickness varying between 3.7 and 4.7 ⁇ m.
  • the average strength of this batch exceeds 6000 MPa with minimum values above 4000 MPa: the invention therefore makes it possible to optimize the resistance of a watch component.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a watch component having an average resistance greater than or equal to 6000 MPa, and / or having a minimum resistance greater than or equal to 3000 MPa, or even greater than or equal to 4000 MPa.
  • the invention makes it possible to limit the scattering of debris.
  • a coating combining a flexible material (an elastic material as defined above) with a more resistant material (as defined above) makes it possible to take advantage of the synergy between the two materials, in order not only to respond the technical problem of non-scattering of debris in the event of breakage, an effective protective effect thanks to the elastic material, but also makes it possible at the same time to optimize the resistance of the watch component, in particular thanks to the addition of a more resistant material to the material elastic in the thickness of the coating 10. This very advantageous behavior was unpredictable and therefore proves to be surprising.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement and a timepiece as such, comprising one or more watch components as described above.
  • the method of manufacturing a timepiece component according to the invention comprises a first phase of manufacturing a blank of a timepiece component, in a known manner.
  • this first phase can comprise an initial step consisting in providing a substrate made of fragile micromachinable material.
  • This substrate is for example a wafer (or “wafer” according to the English terminology) of silicon.
  • the wafer is covered with a protective coating, in particular at least one of its two so-called upper and lower faces, for example by a photosensitive resin.
  • the process continues with a step of forming a pattern in the protective coating.
  • the pattern is made by creating openings through the layer of photosensitive resin.
  • the protective coating that leaves openings is a protection's mask.
  • a step of etching the silicon wafer through the protective mask in particular by deep reactive ion etching DRIE ("Deep Reactive Ion Etching" according to English terminology) then makes it possible to dig openings in the silicon to the right of the or opening (s) of the mask, in order to obtain a blank of a silicon watch component.
  • DRIE Deep reactive ion etching
  • Such a timepiece component blank can be formed by any method other than that mentioned above, for example by a laser cutting technique.
  • the blank obtained forms the heart 2 of the watch component 1. It has a shape very close to the final watch component.
  • the invention relates to a second manufacturing phase, consisting in depositing a coating as described above on all or part of the surface of said blank.
  • the step of depositing a coating is carried out by alternating deposits of layers respectively of elastic material and of more resistant material.
  • This deposition step can be done in a uniform manner, by evaporation, CVD or ALD.
  • CVD chemical Vapor Deposition
  • PECVD chemical vapor deposition assisted by plasma
  • the coating flow is oriented on the first surface 3, perpendicular to this surface.
  • the manufacturing process may include an intermediate step, before the coating deposition step, consisting of a step of smoothing and / or thermal oxidation of the surface of the blank of the watch component.
  • the heart 2 of the watch component can be covered with an oxidation layer, for example a silicon oxide, before the coating according to the invention is deposited.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP19199142.1A 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Uhrkomponente Pending EP3798739A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19199142.1A EP3798739A1 (de) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Uhrkomponente
JP2020157686A JP2021063798A (ja) 2019-09-24 2020-09-18 時計部品
US17/026,330 US20210088972A1 (en) 2019-09-24 2020-09-21 Horology component
CN202011018049.1A CN112631104A (zh) 2019-09-24 2020-09-24 计时器部件

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19199142.1A EP3798739A1 (de) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Uhrkomponente

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3798739A1 true EP3798739A1 (de) 2021-03-31

Family

ID=68066588

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19199142.1A Pending EP3798739A1 (de) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 Uhrkomponente

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20210088972A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3798739A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2021063798A (de)
CN (1) CN112631104A (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH702576A2 (fr) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-29 Sigatec Sa Pièce de micro-mécanique revêtue.
WO2014006229A1 (fr) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 Rolex Sa Procédé de traitement d'une surface d'un composant horloger et composant horloger obtenu par un tel procédé
CH709705A1 (fr) * 2014-05-28 2015-11-30 Sigatec Sa Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de micro-mécanique et pièce de micro-mécanique correspondante.
EP3037893A1 (de) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-29 Patek Philippe SA Genève Mikromechanische Komponente oder Uhr mit flexiblem Führungsdraht

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51141666A (en) * 1975-06-02 1976-12-06 Seiko Epson Corp Solar cell wrist watch
JP4033220B2 (ja) * 2005-07-06 2008-01-16 セイコーエプソン株式会社 時計用文字板および時計
WO2008072605A1 (ja) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Seiko Epson Corporation 時計用文字板および時計
WO2017079274A1 (en) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 Metashield Llc Nanosilica based compositions, structures and apparatus incorporating same and related methods
CN205777082U (zh) * 2016-07-13 2016-12-07 鲁东大学 一种用于高校图书馆的安全幕墙玻璃
CH713151B1 (fr) * 2016-11-23 2020-09-30 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Lame flexible pour l'horlogerie, et procédé de fabrication.
CN107857951A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-30 芜湖辉灿电子科技有限公司 一种手机屏幕玻璃用防爆贴膜

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH702576A2 (fr) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-29 Sigatec Sa Pièce de micro-mécanique revêtue.
WO2014006229A1 (fr) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 Rolex Sa Procédé de traitement d'une surface d'un composant horloger et composant horloger obtenu par un tel procédé
CH709705A1 (fr) * 2014-05-28 2015-11-30 Sigatec Sa Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de micro-mécanique et pièce de micro-mécanique correspondante.
EP3037893A1 (de) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-29 Patek Philippe SA Genève Mikromechanische Komponente oder Uhr mit flexiblem Führungsdraht

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112631104A (zh) 2021-04-09
JP2021063798A (ja) 2021-04-22
US20210088972A1 (en) 2021-03-25

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